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Martinino A, Bucaro A, Cardella F, Wazir I, Frongillo F, Ardito F, Giovinazzo F. Liver transplantation vs liver resection in HCC: promoting extensive collaborative research through a survival meta-analysis of meta-analyses. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1366607. [PMID: 38567152 PMCID: PMC10986178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1366607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background HCC is a major global health concern, necessitating effective treatment strategies. This study conducts a meta-analysis of meta-analyses comparing liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT) for HCC. Methods The systematic review included meta-analyses comparing liver resection vs. liver transplantation in HCC, following PRISMA guidelines. Primary outcomes included 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). AMSTAR-2 assessed study quality. Citation matrix and hierarchical clustering validated the consistency of the included studies. Results A search identified 10 meta-analyses for inclusion. The median Pearson correlation coefficient for citations was 0.59 (IQR 0.41-0.65). LT showed better 5-year survival and disease-free survival in all HCC (OR): 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67-0.93, I^2:57% and OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25-0.75, I^2:96%). Five-year survival in early HCC and ITT was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.50-0.78, I^2:0%) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.39-0.92, I^2:0%). Salvage LT vs. Primary LT did not differ between 5-year survival and disease-free survival (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.33-1.15, I^2:0% and 0.93; 95% CI: 0.82-1.04, I^2:0%). Conclusion Overall, the study underscores the superior survival outcomes associated with LT over LR in HCC treatment, supported by comprehensive meta-analysis and clustering analysis. There was no difference in survival or recurrence rate between salvage LT and primary LT. Therefore, considering the organ shortage, HCC can be resected and transplanted in case of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Bucaro
- General Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardella
- Surgical Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tract Unit, Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ishaan Wazir
- Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Francesco Frongillo
- General Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobilairy and General Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Giovinazzo
- General Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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She WH, Tsang SHY, Dai WC, Chan ACY, Lo CM, Cheung TT. Stage-by-stage analysis of the effect of blood transfusion on survival after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma-a retrospective study. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:83. [PMID: 38436871 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to examine the impact of perioperative (intraoperative/postoperative) blood transfusion on the outcomes of curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatectomy is a well-established curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, and blood transfusion cannot always be avoided in treating the disease. METHODS A retrospective study of patients having curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma from January 2010 to December 2019 at a single center was conducted. The patients were stratified by their disease stage. Patients with and without perioperative blood transfusion were matched by propensity-score matching and compared for each disease stage. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival for each stage. RESULTS A total of 846 patients were studied. Among them, 125 received perioperative blood transfusion and 720 did not. Patients with blood transfusion had worse disease-free and overall survival. After stratification and matching, the ratios of transfusion to non-transfusion were 33:165 (stage 1), 28:140 (stage 2), and 45:90 (stage 3). Perioperative blood transfusion was associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications in all three disease stages (p = 0.004/0.006/0.017), and hence longer hospitalization (p < 0.001 in all stages), but had no significant impact on hospital mortality (p = 0.119/0.118/0.723), 90-day mortality (p = 0.259/0.118/0.723), disease-free survival (p = 0.128/0.826/0.511), or overall survival (p = 0.869/0.122/0.122) in any disease stage. Prognostic factors for overall survival included tumor size, tumor number, alpha-fetoprotein level, and postoperative complication of grade ≥ 3A. CONCLUSION Perioperative blood transfusion was associated with a higher incidence of complications but had no significant impact on survival after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wong Hoi She
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Simon Hing Yin Tsang
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chiu Dai
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Chi Yan Chan
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Drefs M, Schoenberg MB, Börner N, Koliogiannis D, Koch DT, Schirren MJ, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Guba MO. Changes of long-term survival of resection and liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma throughout the years: A meta-analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:107952. [PMID: 38237275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.107952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) still is one of the most detrimental malignant diseases in the world. As two curative surgical therapies exist, the discussion whether to opt for liver resection (LR) or transplantation (LT) is ongoing, especially as novel techniques to improve outcome have emerged for both. The aim of the study was to investigate how the utilization and outcome of the respective modalities changed through time. METHODS We searched Medline and PubMed for relevant publications comparing LT and LR in HCC patients during the time period from 1990 to 2022, prior to March 31, 2023. A total of 63 studies involving 19,804 patients - of whom 8178 patients received a liver graft and 11,626 underwent partial hepatectomy - were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS LT is associated with significantly better 5-year overall survival (OS) (64.83%) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (70.20%) than LR (OS: 50.83%, OR: 1.79, p < 0.001; RFS: 34.46%, OR: 5.32, p < 0.001). However, these differences are not as evident in short-term intervals. Older cohorts showed comparable disparities between the outcome of the respective modalities, as did newer cohorts after 2005. This might be due to the similar improvement in survival rates that were observed for both, LT (15-23%) and LR (12-20%) during the last 30 years. CONCLUSION LT still outperforms LR in the therapy of HCC in terms of long-term survival rates. Yet, LR outcome has remarkably improved which is of major importance in reference to the well-known limitations that occur in LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Drefs
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Markus B Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany; Medical Centers Gollierplatz and Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Dionysios Koliogiannis
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik T Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Malte J Schirren
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus O Guba
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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Bosi C, Rimini M, Casadei-Gardini A. Understanding the causes of recurrent HCC after liver resection and radiofrequency ablation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:503-515. [PMID: 37060290 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2203387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation are preferred options for early-stage disease, with 5-year recurrence rates as high as 70% when patients are treated according to guidelines. With increasing availability of therapeutic options, including but not limited to, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antiangiogenics, and adoptive cell therapies, understanding the causes of recurrence and identifying its predictors should be priorities in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research agenda. AREAS COVERED Current knowledge of HCC predictors of recurrence is reviewed, and recent insights about its underlying mechanisms are presented. In addition, results from recent clinical trials investigating treatment combinations are critically appraised. EXPERT OPINION HCC recurrence is either due to progressive growth of microscopic residual disease, or to de novo cancer development in the context of a diseased liver, each occurring in an early (<2years) vs. late (≥2 years) fashion. Collectively, morphological, proteomic, and transcriptomic data suggest vascular invasion and angiogenesis as key drivers of HCC recurrence. Agents aimed at blocking either of these two hallmarks should be prioritized at the moment of early-stage HCC clinical trial design. Emerging results from clinical trials testing ICI in early-stage HCC underscore the importance of defining the best treatment sequence and the most appropriate combination strategies. Lastly, as different responses to systemic therapies are increasingly defined according to the HCC etiology, patient enrolment into clinical trials should take into account the biological characteristics of their inherent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bosi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Margherita Rimini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
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Luque LM, Carlevaro CM, Llamoza Torres CJ, Lomba E. Physics-based tissue simulator to model multicellular systems: A study of liver regeneration and hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010920. [PMID: 36877741 PMCID: PMC10019748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a multiagent-based model that captures the interactions between different types of cells with their microenvironment, and enables the analysis of the emergent global behavior during tissue regeneration and tumor development. Using this model, we are able to reproduce the temporal dynamics of regular healthy cells and cancer cells, as well as the evolution of their three-dimensional spatial distributions. By tuning the system with the characteristics of the individual patients, our model reproduces a variety of spatial patterns of tissue regeneration and tumor growth, resembling those found in clinical imaging or biopsies. In order to calibrate and validate our model we study the process of liver regeneration after surgical hepatectomy in different degrees. In the clinical context, our model is able to predict the recurrence of a hepatocellular carcinoma after a 70% partial hepatectomy. The outcomes of our simulations are in agreement with experimental and clinical observations. By fitting the model parameters to specific patient factors, it might well become a useful platform for hypotheses testing in treatments protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Melina Luque
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos - CONICET. La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (LML); (CMC)
| | - Carlos Manuel Carlevaro
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos - CONICET. La Plata, Argentina
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (LML); (CMC)
| | | | - Enrique Lomba
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano - CSIC. Madrid, España
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Ohama H, Hiraoka A, Tada F, Kato K, Fukunishi Y, Yanagihara E, Kato M, Saneto H, Izumoto H, Ueki H, Yoshino T, Kitahata S, Kawamura T, Kuroda T, Suga Y, Miyata H, Hirooka M, Abe M, Matsuura B, Ninomiya T, Hiasa Y. Comparison of Surgical Resection and Percutaneous Ultrasonographic Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Initial Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Early Stage following Curative Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225524. [PMID: 36428616 PMCID: PMC9688673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: The SURF trial showed that surgical resection (SR) and percutaneous ultrasonographic guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) had equal therapeutic effects for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, consensus regarding which treatment is appropriate for initial recurrent early-stage HCC remains lacking. This study aimed to elucidate therapeutic efficacy differences between SR and RFA for initial recurrent early-stage HCC. Materials/Methods: From 2000 to 2021, 371 patients with recurrent early-stage HCC (≤3 cm, ≤3 nodules) after undergoing initial curative treatment with SR or RFA were enrolled (median age 72 years; males 269; Child−Pugh A:B, n = 328:43; SR:RFA, n = 36:335). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Although the median albumin−bilirubin (ALBI) score was better in the SR than the RFA group (−2.90 vs. −2.50, p < 0.01), there were no significant differences between them in regard to RFS (median 28.1 months, 95% CI 23.4−50.0 vs. 22.1 months, 95% CI 19.3−26.2; p = 0.34), OS (78.9 months, 95% CI 49.3—not applicable vs. 71.2 months 95% CI, 61.8−84.7; p = 0.337), or complications (8.3% vs. 9.3%; p = 1.0). In sub-analysis for RFS and OS according to ALBI grade revealed no significant differences between the SR and RFA groups (ALBI 1/2 = 28.2/17.5 vs. 24.0/23.4 months; p = 0.881/0684 and ALBI 1/2 = 78.9/58.9 vs. 115.3/52.6 months, p = 0.651/0.578, respectively). Conclusion: This retrospective study found no significant differences in regard to RFS or OS between patients in the SR and the RFA groups for initial recurrence of early-stage HCC after undergoing curative treatment. These results showing equal therapeutic efficacy of SR and RFA confirm the findings of the SURF trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideko Ohama
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-89-947-1111; Fax: +81-89-943-4136
| | - Fujimasa Tada
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Kanako Kato
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Fukunishi
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Emi Yanagihara
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Masaya Kato
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Hironobu Saneto
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Izumoto
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Hidetaro Ueki
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Takeaki Yoshino
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Shogo Kitahata
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Tomoe Kawamura
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Taira Kuroda
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Suga
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Hideki Miyata
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Bunzo Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ninomiya
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama 790-0024, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
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Zhang Y, Lei X, Xu L, Lv X, Xu M, Tang H. Preoperative and postoperative nomograms for predicting early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma without macrovascular invasion after curative resection. BMC Surg 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35715787 PMCID: PMC9205542 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-022-01682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative early recurrence (ER) is a major obstacle to long-term survival after curative liver resection (LR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to establish preoperative and postoperative nomograms to predict ER in HCC without macrovascular invasion. METHODS Patients who underwent curative LR for HCC between January 2012 and December 2016 were divided into training and internal prospective validation cohorts. Nomograms were constructed based on independent risk factors derived from the multivariate logistic regression analyses in the training cohort. The predictive performances of the nomograms were validated using the internal prospective validation cohort. RESULTS In total, 698 patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Among them, 265 of 482 patients (55.0%) in the training cohort and 120 of 216 (55.6%) patients in the validation cohort developed ER. The preoperative risk factors associated with ER were age, alpha-fetoprotein, tumor diameter, and tumor number, and the postoperative risk factors associated with ER were age, tumor diameter, tumor number, microvascular invasion, and differentiation. The pre- and postoperative nomograms based on these factors showed good accuracy, with concordance indices of 0.712 and 0.850 in the training cohort, respectively, and 0.754 and 0.857 in the validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curves showed optimal agreement between the predictions by the nomograms and actual observations. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the pre- and postoperative nomograms were 0.721 and 0.848 in the training cohort, respectively, and 0.754 and 0.844 in the validation cohort, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The nomograms constructed in this study showed good performance in predicting ER for HCC without macrovascular invasion before and after surgery. These nomograms would be helpful for doctors when determining treatments and selecting patients for regular surveillance or administration of adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuezhong Lei
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoju Lv
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhu S, Chen Y, Ye H, Wang B, Lan X, Wang H, Ding S, He X. Circ-LARP1B knockdown restrains the tumorigenicity and enhances radiosensitivity by regulating miR-578/IGF1R axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100678. [PMID: 35093599 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Circular RNA La Ribonucleoprotein 1B (circ-LARP1B) was reported to serve as an oncogene in many types of cancers. Radiotherapy (RT) is an important element of the multimodal treatment concept in malignancies. Here, this work aimed to investigate the role of circ-LARP1B in the tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS OR MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins. In vitro experiments were conducted using cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, EDU, transwell, and tube formation assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to identify the target relationship between miR-578 and circ-LARP1B or IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor). In vivo assay was performed using murine xenograft model. RESULTS Circ-LARP1B was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and high expression of circ-LARP1B was closely associated with poor prognosis. Functional experiments demonstrated that circ-LARP1B silencing impaired cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and reduced radioresistance in vitro. Mechanistically, circ-LARP1B could competitively bind with miR-578 to relieve the repression of miR-578 on the expression of its target gene IGF1R. Further rescue assay confirmed that miR-578 inhibition reversed the inhibitory effects of circ-LARP1B knockdown on HCC cell malignant phenotypes and radioresistance. Moreover, miR-578 overexpression restrained tumorigenicity and enhanced radiosensitivity in HCC cells, which were attenuated by IGF1R up-regulation. Besides that, circ-LARP1B knockdown impeded tumor growth and enhanced irradiation sensitivity in HCC in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Circ-LARP1B knockdown restrained HCC tumorigenicity and enhanced radiosensitivity by regulating miR-578/IGF1R axis, providing a new target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangmei Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Hong Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Baoqiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Xiang Lan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Hanying Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Sijie Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, No.15 Dazhong Street, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
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Image-matching digital macro-slide-a novel pathological examination method for microvascular invasion detection in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2022; 16:381-395. [PMID: 35294742 PMCID: PMC9013327 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10307-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a prominent risk factor of postoperative recurrence for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The MVI detection rate of conventional pathological examination approaches is relatively low and unsatisfactory. Methods By integrating pathological macro-slide with whole-mount slide imaging, we first created a novel pathological examination method called image-matching digital macro-slide (IDS). Surgical samples from eligible patients were collected to make IDS. The MVI detection rates, tumor recurrence rates and recurrence-free survival were compared among conventional 3-Point and 7-Point baseline sampling protocols and IDS. Additionally, biomarkers to recognize MVI false negative patients were probed via combining conventional pathological sampling protocols and IDS. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to obtain the optimal cutoff of biomarkers to distinguish MVI false negative patients. Results The MVI detection rates were 21.98%, 32.97% and 63.74%, respectively, in 3-Point, 7-Point baseline sampling protocols and IDS (p < 0.001). Tumor recurrence rate of patients with MVI negative status in IDS (6.06%) was relatively lower than that of patients with MVI negative status in 3-Point (16.90%) and 7-Point (16.39%) sampling protocols. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) were selected as potential biomarkers to distinguish MVI false negative patients. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that IDS can help enhance the detection rate of MVI in HCC and refine the prediction of HCC prognosis. Alpha-fetoprotein is identified as a suitable and robust biomarker to recognize MVI false-negative patients in conventional pathological protocols. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12072-022-10307-w.
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Koh JH, Tan DJH, Ong Y, Lim WH, Ng CH, Tay PWL, Yong JN, Muthiah MD, Tan EX, Pang NQ, Kim BK, Syn N, Kow A, Goh BKP, Huang DQ. Liver resection versus liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria: a meta-analysis of 18,421 patients. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2022; 11:78-93. [PMID: 35284509 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-21-350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Outcomes after liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are heterogenous and may vary by region, over time periods and disease burden. We aimed to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between LT versus LR for HCC within the Milan criteria. Methods Two authors independently searched Medline and Embase databases for studies comparing survival after LT and LR for patients with HCC meeting the Milan criteria. Meta-analyses and metaregression were conducted using random-effects models. Results We screened 2,278 studies and included 35 studies with 18,421 patients. LR was associated with poorer OS [hazard ratio (HR) =1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-1.81; P<0.01] and DFS (HR =2.71; 95% CI: 2.23-3.28; P<0.01) compared to LT, with similar findings among intention-to-treat (ITT) studies. In uninodular disease, OS in LR was comparable to LT (P=0.13) but DFS remained poorer (HR =2.95; 95% CI: 2.30-3.79; P<0.01). By region, LR had poorer OS versus LT in North America and Europe (P≤0.01), but not Asia (P=0.25). LR had inferior survival versus LT in studies completed before 2010 (P=0.01), but not after 2010 (P=0.12). Cohorts that underwent enhanced surveillance had comparable OS after LT and LR (P=0.33), but cohorts undergoing usual surveillance had worse OS after LR (HR =1.95; 95% CI: 1.24-3.07; P<0.01). Conclusions Mortality after LR for HCC is nearly 50% higher compared to LT. Survival between LR and LT were similar in uninodular disease. The risk of recurrence after LR is threefold that of LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hean Koh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren Jun Hao Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuki Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Phoebe Wen Lin Tay
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Ning Yong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark D Muthiah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eunice X Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ning Qi Pang
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas Syn
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Biostatistics and Modelling Domain, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alfred Kow
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K P Goh
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Liver Transplant Service, SingHealth Duke-NUS Transplant Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Cai J, Zhao J, Liu D, Xie H, Qi H, Ma J, Sun Z, Zhao H. Efficacy and Safety of Central Memory T Cells Combined With Adjuvant Therapy to Prevent Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Microvascular Invasion: A Pilot Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:781029. [PMID: 34926296 PMCID: PMC8679661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.781029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) following curative hepatectomy has been reported to improve the clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with microvascular invasion (MVI), but more endeavors are required to achieve greater clinical benefit. Central memory T-cell (Tcm) self-transfusion has shown superior antitumor activity in several preclinical studies; however, clinical studies are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical benefit and safety of combination treatment with Tcm self-transfusion and TACE as adjuvant treatment in HCC patients with MVI after curative hepatectomy. Methods From October 2016 to September 2018, primary HCC patients with histologically confirmed MVI who underwent curative hepatectomy at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were recruited for this study. The patients were divided into a Tcm group (combined Tcm self-transfusion with TACE treatment) or a control group (TACE treatment alone) according to their willingness. The recurrence-free survival (RFS), quality-of-life (QOL) score, and adverse events of each patient were recorded within 2 years. Results A total of 52 patients were enrolled, and 48 were eligible for the final data analysis. The median follow-up time was 20.5 months (95% CI: 17.05–22.55 months). The median RFS time was 9.5 months in the control group; the cutoff date was not reached in the Tcm group (when the follow-up duration was 12 months, p = 0.049, HR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.16–0.99). Compared with the control group, 1- and 2-year RFS rates were higher in the Tcm group (72.0% vs. 46.4% and 58.18% vs. 39.14%, respectively). Multivariate analysis did not indicate that Tcm treatment was an independent prognostic factor associated with HCC recurrence (p = 0.107, HR = 2.312; 95% CI: 0.835–6.400), which might be due to the small sample size of this study. Nevertheless, Tcm treatment effectively improved a reduced QOL due to HCC and liver function injury. Finally, the safety profile of Tcm treatment in this study was good, without any serious adverse events. Conclusions This pilot study showed that Tcm self-transfusion combined with TACE treatment might be a beneficial adjuvant therapy with good safety for primary HCC patients with MVI after curative hepatectomy. Trial registration number NCT03575806
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Defang Liu
- Department of New Drug Registration, Hebei Immune Cell Application Engineering Research Center/Baoding Newish Technology Co., LTD/Newish Technology (Beijing) Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Huangfan Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hailong Qi
- Department of New Drug Registration, Hebei Immune Cell Application Engineering Research Center/Baoding Newish Technology Co., LTD/Newish Technology (Beijing) Co., LTD, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Bae B, Kang K, Song SK, Chung CW, Park Y. Is partial hepatectomy a curable treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied by cirrhosis? A meta-analysis and cure model analysis. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021; 26:47-57. [PMID: 34903677 PMCID: PMC8901985 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.21-080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims It is challenging to assess the efficacy of partial hepatectomy (PH) as a treatment option for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accompanied by cirrhosis. This study aimed to determine the cure fraction of PH for HCC accompanied by cirrhosis compared to that for HCC without cirrhosis. Methods A systematic review was performed on outcomes of previous studies that compared recurrence-free survival (RFS) after PH in patients with HCC with or without cirrhosis. A meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the cumulative hazard ratio for two patient groups: cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis. Cure fractions after PH in both groups were determined using a cure model analysis. Results A total of 18 studies were eligible for meta-analysis and 13 studies were selected for the cure model analysis. The cumulative hazard ratio for RFS of the cirrhosis group compared to that of the non-cirrhosis group was 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–1.93). Survival data of 3,512 patients in both groups were reconstructed from survival curves of original articles for cure model analysis. The probability of being statistically cured after PH for HCC was 14.1% (95% CI, 10.6%–18.1%) in the cirrhosis group lower than that (32.5%) in the non-cirrhosis group (95% CI, 28.6%–36.4%). Conclusions The prognosis after PH for HCC accompanied by cirrhosis is inferior to that for HCC without cirrhosis. However, a cure can be expected for one-seventh of patients with HCC accompanied by cirrhosis after PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungje Bae
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Keera Kang
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Song
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chul-Woon Chung
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yongkeun Park
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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13
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Liao B, Liu L, Wei L, Wang Y, Chen L, Cao Q, Zhou Q, Xiao H, Chen S, Peng S, Li S, Kuang M. Innovative Synoptic Reporting With Seven-Point Sampling Protocol to Improve Detection Rate of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:726239. [PMID: 34804920 PMCID: PMC8599152 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.726239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological MVI diagnosis could help to determine the prognosis and need for adjuvant therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, narrative reporting (NR) would miss relevant clinical information and non-standardized sampling would underestimate MVI detection. Our objective was to explore the impact of innovative synoptic reporting (SR) and seven-point sampling (SPRING) protocol on microvascular invasion (MVI) rate and patient outcomes. In retrospective cohort, we extracted MVI status from NR in three centers and re-reviewed specimen sections by SR recommended by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) in our center. In prospective cohort, our center implemented the SPRING protocol, and external centers remained traditional pathological examination. MVI rate was compared between our center and external centers in both cohorts. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) before and after implementation was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. In retrospective study, we found there was no significant difference in MVI rate between our center and external centers [10.3% (115/1112) vs. 12.4% (35/282), P=0.316]. In our center, SR recommended by CAP improved the MVI detection rate from 10.3 to 38.6% (P<0.001). In prospective study, the MVI rate in our center under SPRING was significantly higher than external centers (53.2 vs. 17%, P<0.001). RFS of MVI (−) patients improved after SPRING in our center (P=0.010), but it remained unchanged in MVI (+) patients (P=0.200). We conclude that the SR recommended by CAP could help to improve MVI detection rate. Our SPRING protocol could help to further improve the MVI rate and optimize prognostic stratification for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Cao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuling Chen
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sui Peng
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Fok AJ, She WH, Ma KW, Tsang SHY, Dai WC, Chan ACY, Lo CM, Cheung TT. Adjuvant transarterial chemotherapy for margin-positive resection of hepatocellular carcinoma-a propensity score matched analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2021; 407:245-257. [PMID: 34406489 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-021-02292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatectomy is a well-established curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of adjuvant therapy is controversial. This study examines the efficacy of adjuvant transarterial chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS The data of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing curative hepatectomy was reviewed. Those with adjuvant transarterial chemotherapy were matched with those without using propensity score analysis, by tumour size and number, indocyanine green retention rate, disease staging and Child-Pugh grading. The groups were compared. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent hepatectomy received adjuvant transarterial chemotherapy (TAC group), and were matched with 870 patients who did not (no-TAC group). The groups were largely comparable in patient and disease characteristics, but the TAC group experienced more blood loss, higher transfusion rates, narrower margins and more positive margins. The two groups were found to be comparable in disease-free and overall survival rates. In margin-positive patients, those given TAC survived longer than those without, and margin-positive patients in the TAC group had overall survival rates similar to margin-negative patients in the no-TAC group. CONCLUSIONS Margin involvement is an adverse factor for survival in HCC. Adjuvant transarterial chemotherapy may offer survival benefits to hepatocellular carcinoma patients with positive surgical margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvina Jada Fok
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wong Hoi She
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka Wing Ma
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon H Y Tsang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chiu Dai
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert C Y Chan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Yoh T, Seo S, Taura K, Hamaguchi Y, Ogiso S, Fukumitsu K, Ishii T, Hata K, Kaido T, Nakamoto Y, Uemoto S. Identifying Patients Who May Benefit from Liver Resection Compared to Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using 18F-FDG PET. World J Surg 2021; 45:3395-3403. [PMID: 34274984 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess an oncologic setting where patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could benefit from liver resection (LR) compared to living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. METHODS The consecutive data of patients with HCC who underwent 18F-FDG PET before LR (LR group, n = 314) and LDLT (LDLT group, n = 65) between 2003 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Tumor 18F-FDG avidity was quantified as the tumor to liver standardized uptake value ratio (TLR, cut-off value was defined at 2). Multivariate analysis was performed to assess significant preoperative tumor factors in the LR group. Survival outcomes between the two groups were stratified by these factors. RESULTS The 5-year overall survival (OS: 56.9% vs. 73.8%, LR vs. LDLT, p < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival rate (RFS: 27.4% vs. 70.7%, p < 0.001) were significantly better in the LDLT group compared to the LR group. In the LR study, multivariate analysis identified TLR and tumor multiplicity as significant preoperative tumor factors for OS. In patients with solitary and TLR < 2 HCC, the 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the LR and LDLT groups (70.3% vs. 71.8%, p = 0.352); meanwhile, RFS rate was better in the LDLT group (34.3% vs. 71.8%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LDLT is associated with better long-term outcomes than LR in patients with HCC; however, selected patients with solitary and TLR < 2 HCC may benefit from LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Yoh
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoru Seo
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kojiro Taura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuhei Hamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogiso
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ken Fukumitsu
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takamichi Ishii
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hata
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshimi Kaido
- Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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16
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Li BCW, Chiu J, Shing K, Kwok GGW, Tang V, Leung R, Ma KW, She WH, Tsang J, Chan A, Cheung TT, Lo CM, Yau T. The Outcomes of Systemic Treatment in Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinomas Following Liver Transplants. Adv Ther 2021; 38:3900-3910. [PMID: 34061324 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrences following liver transplant (LT) is challenging. Most clinical trials of systemic therapies for advanced HCC excluded patients with any history of organ transplant. We aimed to assess the outcomes in using various systemic therapies in patients with post-LT recurrence. METHODS Consecutive patients with HCC and recurrences following LT at a large tertiary centre from 2005 to 2018 were reviewed. Overall survival (OS), response rates and adverse events (AEs) were analysed. RESULTS Forty-three consecutive patients with a recurrence of HCC following LT were identified from 2005 to 2018. Median OS from diagnosis of recurrence was 17 months (CI 11.3, 22.7). Early recurrence within 12 months of transplant was associated with a significantly worse median survival of 10 months (CI 8.5, 11.4) compared to 26 months (CI 18.8, 33.2) when recurrences occurred after 12 months from transplant (p < 0.001) with a hazard ratio of 0.104 (log-rank test, p < 0.001). A total of 41 patients had received systemic therapies and 79.1% of them were on sorafenib as the first-line treatment. Among these patients treated with sorafenib, median OS from recurrence was 14 months (CI 7.3, 20.7). Hand-foot syndrome (34.7%) was most common among AEs followed by diarrhoea (26.7%). Overall, AEs led to dose interruptions in 8.8% of patients. Notably, 47.1% of patients received subsequent lines of systemic therapies after sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS Early recurrence within 1 year from transplant was the most significant risk factor. Treatment efficacy and adverse events and tolerability of sorafenib were comparable with those in the setting of advanced HCC without transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Cho Wing Li
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joanne Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kit Shing
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gerry Gin Wai Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vikki Tang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roland Leung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Wing Ma
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wong Hoi She
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Josephine Tsang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Chan
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Yau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Isik B, Gonultas F, Sahin T, Yilmaz S. Microvascular Venous Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Why Do Recurrences Occur? J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:1133-1136. [PMID: 32839943 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary cancer of the liver. It is almost always associated with cirrhosis and it is usually diagnosed in later stages of the disease. Furthermore, recurrence rate following liver transplantation ranges between 15 and 30%. The most important factor determining the recurrence is vascular invasion. METHODS In this review, the issue of microvascular invasion causing hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence is reviewed. Macroscopic vascular invasion is almost easy to diagnose on radiologic evaluation. However, microscopic vascular invasion is almost always diagnosed with pathologic evaluation. On the other hand, microscopic vascular invasion is associated with early recurrences and reduced disease-free survival. The type of vessel that is invaded determines the nature of the spread of the tumor cells. Invasion of the hepatic venous tributaries leads to systemic metastasis whereas portal venous invasions lead to intrahepatic spread of the tumor. Microscopic vascular invasion should be diagnosed before liver transplantation or liver resection in order to deliver the appropriate therapy to the patients. RESULTS Yet, there is no ideal marker to suggest microscopic vascular invasion before any intervention. Markers such as alpha-fetoprotein, des carboxy prothrombin, or gamma-glutamyl transferase have been found to be correlated with microscopic vascular invasion. These parameters are not very efficient to be used in routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION Therefore, further research is needed to define ideal marker associated with microscopic vascular invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Isik
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 244280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gonultas
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 244280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Tolga Sahin
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 244280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sezai Yilmaz
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 244280, Malatya, Turkey. .,Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig Yolu 10. Km, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
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Fang Q, Yang R, Chen D, Fei R, Chen P, Deng K, Gao J, Liao W, Chen H. A Novel Nomogram to Predict Prolonged Survival After Hepatectomy in Repeat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:646638. [PMID: 33842361 PMCID: PMC8027067 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.646638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Repeat hepatectomy is an important treatment for patients with repeat recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: This study was a multicenter retrospective analysis of 1,135 patients who underwent primary curative liver resection for HCC. One hundred recurrent patients with second hepatectomy were included to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of post-recurrence survival (PRS). Thirty-eight patients in another institution were used to externally validate the nomogram. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors of PRS. Discrimination, calibration, and the Kaplan–Meier curves were used to evaluate the model performance. Results: The nomogram was based on variables associated with PRS after HCC recurrence, including the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage; albumin and aspartate aminotransferase levels at recurrence; tumor size, site, differentiation of recurrences; and time to recurrence (TTR). The discriminative ability of the nomogram, as indicated by the C statistics (0.758 and 0.811 for training cohort and external validation cohorts, respectively), was shown, which was better than that of the TNM staging system (0.609 and 0.609, respectively). The calibration curves showed ideal agreement between the prediction and the real observations. The area under the curves (AUCs) of the training cohort and external validation cohorts were 0.843 and 0.890, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curve of the established nomogram also performed better than those of both the TNM and the BCLC staging systems. Conclusions: We constructed a nomogram to predict PRS in patients with repeat hepatectomy (RH) after repeat recurrence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxuan Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Fei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Kangjian Deng
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weijia Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongsong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Schwarz C, Fitschek F, Mittlböck M, Saukel V, Bota S, Ferlitsch M, Ferlitsch A, Bodingbauer M, Kaczirek K. von Willebrand Factor Antigen Predicts Outcomes in Patients after Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gut Liver 2021; 14:218-224. [PMID: 30428508 PMCID: PMC7096232 DOI: 10.5009/gnl17115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF-Ag) is a noninvasive predictor of portal hypertension that serves as a negative prognostic marker in various malignancies. Increased portal hypertension is associated with higher postoperative morbidity and decreased survival after hepatectomy. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between vWF-Ag, postoperative morbidity and oncological outcome. Methods This analysis includes 55 patients who underwent liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between 2008 and 2015 with available preoperative vWF-Ag levels. The primary endpoints were postoperative complications and long-term outcome, including overall and disease-free survival. Results The median plasma level of vWF-Ag was 191% (range, 162.5% to 277%). There was a significant correlation between vWF-Ag levels and tumor size in the resected specimens (p=0.010, r=0.350). Patients who developed any grade of postoperative complication had significantly higher preoperative vWF-Ag levels (216% [range, 178% to 283.25%] vs 176% [range, 148% to 246%], p=0.041). Median overall survival was 39.8 months in patients with high vWF-Ag levels (≥191%) compared with 73.4 months in patients with low levels (<191%, p=0.007). Of note, there was a remarkable disparity in the number of patients who died of HCC with low versus high vWF-Ag levels (14.8% vs 28.6%, p=0.011). Conclusions vWF-Ag may serve as a prognostic marker for the outcome of patients undergoing liver resection for HCC that is closely connected to tumor size, postoperative complication rate and long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schwarz
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Fitschek
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Mittlböck
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Section for Clinical Biometrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Saukel
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simona Bota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Monika Ferlitsch
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Section for Clinical Biometrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arnulf Ferlitsch
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bodingbauer
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Kaczirek
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Khan S, Chidi A, Hrebinko K, Kaltenmeier C, Nassour I, Hoehn R, Geller D, Tsung A, Tohme S. Readmission After Surgical Resection and Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Am Surg 2020; 88:83-92. [PMID: 33369487 DOI: 10.1177/0003134820973739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Liver resections and transplantations have increasingly become feasible options for potential cure. These complex surgeries are inherently associated with increased rates of readmission. In the meanwhile, hospital readmission rates are rapidly becoming an important quality of care metric. Therefore, it is very important to understand the effect of 30-day readmission on mortality and the factors associated with increased 30- and 90-day mortality rates. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the National Cancer Database. Patients included were 18 years or older who underwent liver resection or liver transplantation for HCC between 2003 and 2011. Our primary outcomes of interest were 30- and 90-day mortality rates. Our primary independent variable of interest was 30-day readmission. RESULTS 16 658 patients underwent either a liver resection or transplantation for HCC between 2003 and 2011. For patients with liver transplantations, increased readmission rates were associated with lower risks of 30-day mortality (P = .012) but a trend toward higher 90-day mortality (P = .057). Patients who underwent liver resection for HCC also demonstrated increased readmission rates to be associated with lower risk of 30-day mortality (P = .014) but higher 90-day mortality (P ≤ .001). CONCLUSION This is the only study to utilize a national database to investigate the association between readmission rates and mortality rates of both liver transplantations and resections for patients with HCC. We demonstrate 30-day readmission to show no increase in 30-day mortality, but rather higher 90-day mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Khan
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexis Chidi
- Department of Surgery, 1466Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Hrebinko
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ibrahim Nassour
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richard Hoehn
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Geller
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samer Tohme
- Department of Surgery, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Lai Y, Lee JC, Hung HC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Models to predict disease-free survival for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with surgical resections. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:1444-1452. [PMID: 32875573 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Precise prognostic prediction for an individual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient before and after liver resection is important. We aimed to establish simple prognostic models to predict disease-free survival (DFS) for these patients. METHODS Six hundred and ninety-eight HCC patients with liver resections were reviewed. Preoperative (model 1) and postoperative (model 2) nomogram-based scoring systems were constructed by multivariate analyses, and DFS was estimated. RESULTS Among 698 patients, 490 (70.2%) patients had tumor recurrence at a median follow-up of 84.4 months. Risk factors of tumor recurrence in model 1 included viral hepatitis, platelet count, albumin, indocyanine green retention rate, multiplicity of tumor, and radiologic total tumor volume (TTV). Prognostic variables identified in model 2 were viral hepatitis, platelet count, multiplicity of tumor, cirrhosis, microvascular invasion, and pathologic TTV. By nomogram in model 1, the patients were classified into three groups with 5-year DFS of 61.0%, 35.7%, and 21.1%, respectively (P < .0001). In model 2, the patients were divided into five groups with 5-year DFS of 58.0%, 43.7%, 24.0%, 15.4%, and 0.0%, respectively (P < .0001). CONCLUSION Based on nomogram models, DFS for the patients who had liver resection for HCC can be predicted before liver resection and re-assessed after liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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22
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Chow AKM, Yau SWL, Ng L. Novel molecular targets in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:589-605. [PMID: 32879846 PMCID: PMC7443834 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i8.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer and cancer-related deaths. The therapeutic efficacy of locoregional and systemic treatment in patients with advanced HCC remains low, which results in a poor prognosis. The development of sorafenib for the treatment of HCC has resulted in a new era of molecular targeted therapy for this disease. However, the median overall survival was reported to be barely higher in the sorafenib treatment group than in the control group. Hence, in this review we describe the importance of developing more effective targeted therapies for the management of advanced HCC. Recent investigations of molecular signaling pathways in several cancers have provided some insights into developing molecular therapies that target critical members of these signaling pathways. Proteins involved in the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways, Polo-like kinase 1, arginine, histone deacetylases and Glypican-3 can be potential targets in the treatment of HCC. Monotherapy has limited therapeutic efficacy due to the development of inhibitory feedback mechanisms and induction of chemoresistance. Thus, emphasis is now on the development of personalized and combination molecular targeted therapies that can serve as ideal therapeutic strategies for improved management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Ka-Man Chow
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Wing-Lung Yau
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lui Ng
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Wang L, Wang W, Rong W, Li Z, Wu F, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Zhang K, Siqin T, Liu M, Chen B, Wu J. Postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a non-randomized interventional clinical study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:614. [PMID: 32611327 PMCID: PMC7329435 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular invasion (MVI) is considered to be one of the important prognostic factors that affect postoperative recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with variable results across their treatment options. This study was carried out to investigate efficacy of postoperative adjuvant RT in HCC patients with MVI. METHODS This was single center, prospective study carried out in HCC patients with MVI, aged 35-72 years. All patients were non-randomly allocated to receive standard postoperative treatment of HBV/HCV and nutritional therapy or RT in addition to standard postoperative treatment (1:1). The primary endpoints assessed were relapse-free survival and overall survival. The prognostic factors associated with survival outcomes were also analyzed. The safety events were graded according to NCI-CTCAE v4.03 criteria. RESULTS Of the 115 patients eligible for study, 59 patients were included in analysis. Univariate analysis revealed that MVI classification (P = 0.009), post-operative treatment strategies (P = 0.009) were prognostic factors for worst RFS; tumor size (P = 0.011), MVI classification (P = 0.005) and post-operative treatment (P = 0.015) were associated for OS. The 1-, 2-, 3-year RFS rates were 86.2, 70.5 and 63.4% for patients in RT group, and 46.4, 36.1, and 36.1% in control group. For OS, corresponding rates were 96.6, 80.7, and 80.7% for patients in RT group and 79.7, 58.3, and 50.0% in control group. Subgroup classification of HCC patients according to low risk MVI showed significantly longer RFS (P = 0.035) and OS (P = 0.004) in RT group than control group, while for high risk MVI, RT depicted longer OS than control group with no significance (P = 0.106). Toxicities were usually observed in acute stage with no grade 4 toxicities. CONCLUSION Postoperative adjuvant RT following hepatectomy offers better RFS for HCC patients with MVI than with standard postoperative therapy. Also, it will be useful to control microscopic lesions in both M1 (low risk) and M2 (high risk) subgroups of HCC patients with MVI. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial Registration number: ChiCTR1800017371 . Date of Registration: 2018-07-26. Registration Status: Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Weihu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Weiqi Rong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunhe Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yiling Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tana Siqin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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24
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Xu L, Li L, Wang P, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Hao X, Yan L, Li B, Wen T, Xu M. Novel Prognostic Nomograms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Microvascular Invasion: Experience from a Single Center. Gut Liver 2020; 13:669-682. [PMID: 30970430 PMCID: PMC6860039 DOI: 10.5009/gnl18489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an established risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, prediction models that specifically focus on the individual prognoses of HCC patients with MVI is lacking. Methods A total of 385 HCC patients with MVI were randomly assigned to training and validation cohorts in a 2:1 ratio. The outcomes were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Prognostic nomograms were established based on the results of multivariate analyses. The concordance index (C-index), calibration plots and Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to evaluate the accuracy, calibration and discriminatory ability of the models. Results The independent risk factors for both DFS and OS included age, tumor size, tumor number, the presence of gross vascular invasion, and the presence of Glisson’s capsule invasion. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was another risk factor for OS. On the basis of these predictors, two nomograms for DFS and OS were constructed. The C-index values of the nomograms for DFS and OS were 0.712 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.679 to 0.745; p<0.001) and 0.698 (95% CI, 0.657 to 0.739; p<0.001), respectively, in the training cohort and 0.704 (95% CI, 0.650 to 0.708; p<0.001) and 0.673 (95% CI, 0.607 to 0.739; p<0.001), respectively, in the validation cohort. The calibration curves showed optimal agreement between the predicted and observed survival rates. The Kaplan-Meier curves suggested that these two nomograms had satisfactory discriminatory abilities. Conclusions These novel predictive models have satisfactory accuracy and discriminatory abilities in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients with MVI after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lvnan Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianfu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Cruz W, Huang H, Barber B, Pasini E, Ding L, Zheng G, Chen J, Bhat M. Lipoprotein-Like Nanoparticle Carrying Small Interfering RNA Against Spalt-Like Transcription Factor 4 Effectively Targets Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Decreases Tumor Burden. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:769-782. [PMID: 32363325 PMCID: PMC7193129 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are often unable to tolerate chemotherapy due to liver dysfunction in the setting of cirrhosis. We investigate high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mimicking peptide phospholipid scaffold (HPPS), which are nanoparticles that capitalize on normal lipoprotein metabolism and transport, as a solution for directed delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) cargo into HCC cells. Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4), a fetal oncoprotein expressed in aggressive HCCs, is specifically targeted as a case study to evaluate the efficacy of HPPS carrying siRNA cargo. HPPS containing different formulations of siRNA therapy against SALL4 were generated specifically for HCC cells. These were investigated both in vitro and in vivo using fluorescence imaging. HPPS-SALL4 effectively bound to scavenger receptor, class B type 1 (SR-BI) and delivered the siRNA cargo into HCC cells, as seen in vitro. HPPS-SALL4 effectively inhibited HCC tumor growth (P < 0.05) and induced a 3-fold increase in apoptosis of the cancer cells in vivo compared to HPPS-scramble. Additionally, there was no immunogenicity associated with HPPS-SALL4 as measured by cytokine production. Conclusion: We have developed unique HDL-like nanoparticles that directly deliver RNA interference (RNAi) therapy against SALL4 into the cytosol of HCC cells, effectively inhibiting HCC tumor growth without any systemic immunogenicity. This therapeutic modality avoids the need for hepatic metabolism in this cancer, which develops in the setting of cirrhosis and liver dysfunction. These natural lipoprotein-like nanoparticles with RNAi therapy are a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Cruz
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada.,DLVR Therapeutics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Huang Huang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada.,DLVR Therapeutics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Brian Barber
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada.,DLVR Therapeutics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Elisa Pasini
- Multi Organ Transplant Program University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
| | - Lili Ding
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Multi Organ Transplant Program University Health Network Toronto ON Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
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26
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Meyerovich G, Goykhman Y, Nakache R, Nachmany I, Lahat G, Shibolet O, Menachem Y, Katchman H, Wolf I, Geva R, Klausner JM, Lubezky N. Resection vs Transplant Listing for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Intention-to-Treat Analysis. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:1867-1873. [PMID: 31399171 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) are curative treatment options for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria. Severe organ shortage dictates the preference for LR. Our aim was to provide an intention-to-treat retrospective comparison of survival between patients who were placed on waiting lists for LT and those who underwent LR. METHODS The medical records of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria treated by LR or listed for LT between 2007 and 2016 were reviewed. We performed intention-to-treat analyses of overall survival and recurrence. RESULTS There were 54 patients on the waiting list for LT, and 30 of them underwent LR. Thirteen of the 54 patients (24%) were not transplanted because of disease-related mortality or tumor progression. The median waiting time to transplantation was 304 days. The 90-day mortality was higher in transplanted patients (9.8% vs 3.3%, P = .003). Intention-to-treat survival was similar for the LT and LR groups (5-year survival, 47.8% vs 55%, respectively, P = .185). There was a trend toward improved 5-year disease-free survival for listed patients (56.2% vs 26.3% for patients undergoing LR, P = .15). CONCLUSION Intention-to-treat survival is similar in patients undergoing LR and those on waiting lists for LT. There is a 24% risk to drop from the transplant list. The higher perioperative mortality among patients undergoing LT is balanced by a higher tumor recurrence rate after LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Meyerovich
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaacov Goykhman
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Richard Nakache
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Nachmany
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Guy Lahat
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Shibolet
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoram Menachem
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helena Katchman
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Wolf
- Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Geva
- Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Nir Lubezky
- Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Bang A, Dawson LA. Radiotherapy for HCC: Ready for prime time? JHEP Rep 2019; 1:131-137. [PMID: 32039361 PMCID: PMC7001576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has an evolving role in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), largely due to recent advances in imaging technology. Often utilized in situations where other locoregional therapies are not feasible, SBRT has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment that confers high rates of durable local control. However, there is limited evidence to firmly establish its place in the treatment paradigm for HCC. In this article, we review the current evidence and highlight specific considerations in the multiple settings where SBRT may be used, including for primary HCC treatment and bridging/downstaging, as well as exploring the potential for SBRT in the treatment of extrahepatic oligo-metastatic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2C1
| | - Laura A Dawson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2C1
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Erstad DJ, Tanabe KK. Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:1474-1493. [PMID: 30788629 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a morbid condition for which surgical and ablative therapy are the only options for cure. Nonetheless, over half of patients treated with an R0 resection will develop recurrence. Early recurrences within 2 years after resection are thought to be due to the presence of residual microscopic disease, while late recurrences > 2 years after resection are thought to be de novo metachronous HCCs arising in chronically injured liver tissue. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is defined as the presence of micrometastatic HCC emboli within the vessels of the liver, and is a critical determinant of early recurrence and survival. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis and clinical relevance of MVI, which correlates with adverse biological features, including high grade, large tumor size, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Multiple classification schemas have been proposed to capture the heterogeneous features of MVI that are associated with prognosis. However, currently, MVI can only be determined based on surgical specimens, limiting its clinical applicability. Going forward, advances in axial imaging technologies, molecular characterization of biopsy tissue, and novel serum biomarkers hold promise as future methods for non-invasive MVI detection. Ultimately, MVI status may be used to help clinicians determine treatment plans, particularly with respect to surgical intervention, and to provide more accurate prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Erstad
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth K Tanabe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wang L, Chen B, Li Z, Yao X, Liu M, Rong W, Wu F, Lin S, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Li Y, Wang W, Wu J. Optimal postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a propensity score analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1237-1247. [PMID: 30863091 PMCID: PMC6388954 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s179247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microvascular invasion (MVI) is the most important risk factor associated with early postoperative recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant treatment for preventing recurrence in HCC patients with MVI has not been assessed. This study investigated the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in HCC patients with MVI. Materials and methods From July 2008 to December 2016, 117 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients with MVI were retrospectively divided into two groups based on postoperative adjuvant treatments. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for significant differences in baseline characteristics. Relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of the two groups were analyzed before and after PSM. Results Of all patients, the RT group had significantly smaller tumor size and milder MVI classification. PSM analysis created 46 pairs of patients. After matching, the two groups of patients were similar in baseline characteristics. Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor size, MVI classification, and postoperative treatment strategies were independently associated with RFS; tumor size and MVI classification were independently associated with OS. Similar multivariate analysis results were demonstrated after matching propensity score. Survival analysis revealed that the estimated median RFS and OS of patients with RT and TACE were 25.74±8.12 vs 9.18±1.67 months (P=0.003) and 60.69±7.36 vs 36.53±5.34 months (P=0.262), respectively. The RT group had significantly longer RFS than the TACE group. Conclusion Postoperative adjuvant RT offers better RFS for HCC patients with MVI than TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Yao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Rong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Shengtao Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Yunhe Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Yiling Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Yexiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China,
| | - Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
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Ding M, Ma S, Tang X, Wang T, Qi X, Chi J, Wang Z, Cui D, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Li P, Zhai B. Oliguric acute kidney injury after microwave ablation of large liver tumors: incidence and preventive measures. Int J Hyperthermia 2019; 35:141-149. [PMID: 30204038 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1487589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute kidney injury (AKI), especially oliguric AKI, is a recognized complication following microwave ablation (MWA) of large liver tumors. This study evaluated the clinical features, mechanisms, risk factors and prevention strategies for oliguric AKI after MWA of large liver tumors. METHODS From March 2011 to May 2015, 441 patients with liver tumors ≧5 cm received MWA in our hospital. The clinical features, prevention strategies, further mechanisms and possible risk factors for oliguric AKI after MWA were analyzed. RESULTS One hundred four (23.6%) patients had AKI after MWA; 11 (10.6%) patients had oliguric AKI, and 93 (89.4%) patients had nonoliguric AKI. All patients with nonoliguric AKI recovered without any special treatments. The eleven patients with oliguric AKI received appropriate treatments and had completely normal renal function three months later. Using double needles for ablation was a risk factor for nonoliguric AKI, while high preoperative levels of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and albumin (Alb) were risk factors for oliguric AKI. The decrease levels of hemoglobin were significantly high in oliguric AKI patients (p < .05). Patients with oliguric AKI had abnormally high postoperative transaminase and renal function indicators. Compared to postoperative prevention, intraoperative prevention significantly lowered the occurrence of oliguric AKI (0% vs. 3.7%, p = .018) and shortened the hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS Patients who underwent MWA for large liver tumors are prone to develop oliguric AKI. Implementation of intraoperative strategies during MWA can effectively prevent the occurrence of this severe complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ding
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Sicong Ma
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoyin Tang
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Tao Wang
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xingxing Qi
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiachang Chi
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhi Wang
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Dan Cui
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yaoping Shi
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ping Li
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Bo Zhai
- a Department of Tumor Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
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Schoenberg MB, Bucher JN, Vater A, Bazhin AV, Hao J, Guba MO, Angele MK, Werner J, Rentsch M. Resection or Transplant in Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 114:519-526. [PMID: 28835324 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an incidence of 5-10 per 100 000 persons per year in the Western world. In 20% of cases, surgical liver resection (LR) or liver transplantation (LT) can be performed. LT results in longer survival, as it involves resection not only of the tumor, but of pre - cancerous tissue as well. The optimal allocation of donor organs depends on the identification of patients for whom LR is adequate treatment. In this meta-analysis, we compare LT and LR for patients with early HCC and wellcompensated cirrhosis. METHODS A systematic review of the pertinent literature was followed by a subgroup analysis of the studies in which patients with early HCC and wellcompensated cirrhosis were followed up after either LR or LT. Overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years, as well as morbidity and mortality, were compared in a random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS 54 studies with a total of 13 794 patients were included. Among patients with early HCC, the overall survival after LT became higher than the overall survival after LR 5 years after surgery (66.67% versus 60.35%, odds ratio 0.60 [0.45; 0.78], p <0.001); there was no significant difference 1 year or 3 years after surgery. Nor was there any significant difference in morbidity or mortality between the two types of treatment in this subgroup. These findings contrast with the results obtained in all of the studies, which documented significantly better survival 3 years after LT. CONCLUSION Three years after surgery, the survival rates and complication rates of patients with early HCC treated with either LR or LT are comparable. Resection should therefore be the preferred form of treatment if the prerequisites for it are met. In case of recurrent tumor, these patients can still be evaluated for liver transplantation. This strategy could improve the allocation of donor organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Schoenberg
- Markus B. Schoenberg and Julian N. Bucher shared first authorship; Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Munich, Campus Großhadern; Munich Transplant Center, University Hospital of Munich, Campus Großhadern; Liver Center Munich, University Hospital of Munich, Campus Großhadern
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Tustumi F, Ernani L, Coelho FF, Bernardo WM, Junior SS, Kruger JAP, Fonseca GM, Jeismann VB, Cecconello I, Herman P. Preoperative strategies to improve resectability for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HPB (Oxford) 2018; 20:1109-1118. [PMID: 30057123 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.06.1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative strategies to increase the future liver remnant are useful methods to improve resectability rates for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the main strategies used for this purpose. METHODS A systematic review was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Scielo/LILACS. The procedures included for analysis were portal vein embolization or ligation (PVE/PVL), sequential transarterial embolization and PVE (TACE + PVE), radioembolization (RE) and associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS). Perioperative morbidity and mortality, post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), and survival rates were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 46 studies were included in the systematic review (1284 patients). Resection rate was higher in TACE + PVE (90%; N = 315) when compared to PVE/PVL (75%; N = 254; P = <0.001) and similar to ALPPS (84%; N = 43; P = 0.374) and RE (100%; N = 28; P = 0.14). ALPPS was associated with higher PHLF and perioperative mortality rates when compared to PVE/PVL and TACE + PVE. ALPPS and RE showed higher risk of major complications than PVE/PVL and TACE + PVE. CONCLUSION Preoperative strategies to increase liver volume are effective in achieving resectability of HCC. TACE + PVE is as safe as PVL/PVE providing higher OS. ALPPS is associated with a higher risk of PHLF, major complications, and mortality. RE despite the small experience seems to present similar resection rate and OS as TACE + PVE with higher rate of major complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Tustumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Ernani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Fabricio F Coelho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Wanderley M Bernardo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Sérgio S Junior
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Jaime A P Kruger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Gilton M Fonseca
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Vagner B Jeismann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Ivan Cecconello
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Paulo Herman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Division, Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
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Hu HT, Shen SL, Wang Z, Shan QY, Huang XW, Zheng Q, Xie XY, Lu MD, Wang W, Kuang M. Peritumoral tissue on preoperative imaging reveals microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:3324-3330. [PMID: 29845312 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histologic microvascular invasion (MVI) substantially worsens the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and can only be diagnosed postoperatively. Preoperative assessment of MVI by imaging has been focused on tumor-related features, while peritumoral imaging features have been indicated elsewhere to be more accurate. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the association between peritumoral imaging features and MVI. METHODS Literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Summary results of the association between peritumoral imaging features and MVI were presented as the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed when heterogeneity was detected. Diagnostic accuracy analysis was also conducted for identified features. RESULTS Ten studies were included in the analysis. Moderate and low heterogeneities were found among the seven studies on peritumoral enhancement and four studies on peritumoral hypointensity on HBP, respectively. Summary results revealed a significant association between MVI and peritumoral enhancement (OR 4.04 [2.23, 7.32], p < 0.05), and peritumoral hypointensity on HBP (OR 10.62 [5.31, 21.26], p < 0.05). Diagnostic accuracy analysis revealed high specificity (0.90-0.94) but low sensitivity (0.29-0.40) for both features to assess MVI. CONCLUSION The two peritumoral imaging features are significantly associated with MVI. The two features highly suggest MVI only when present with a high false negative rate. Promotion of their diagnostic efficiency can be a worthwhile task for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Tong Hu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shun-Li Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Quan-Yuan Shan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ming-De Lu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ming Kuang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Evaluation of Hepatic Toxicity after Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Deformable Image Registration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16224. [PMID: 30385839 PMCID: PMC6212421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate hepatic toxicity after repeated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using deformable image registration (DIR). Between January 2007 and December 2015, 85 patients who underwent two sessions of SBRT for HCC treatment were retrospectively analyzed. A DIR technique was used to calculate the cumulative dose of the first and second SBRT to the normal liver by matching two computed tomography simulation images. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) index was calculated to evaluate DIR accuracy. Before the first and second SBRT, 6 (7.1%) and 12 (14.1%) patients were Child-Pugh class B, respectively. Median tumor size was 1.7 cm before both SBRT treatments. Mean DSC index value was 0.93, being >0.9 in 79 (92.9%) registrations. Median cumulative mean liver dose (MLD) was 9.3 Gy (interquartile range, 7.6–11.7). Radiation-induced liver disease developed in three patients, and two of them, with Child-Pugh class B, experienced irreversible liver function deterioration following the second SBRT. The DIR method provided reliable information regarding cumulative doses to the liver. In patients with Child-Pugh class A liver function, repeated SBRT for small recurrent HCC could be safely performed with acceptable hepatic toxicity.
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Johnson BW, Wright GP. Regional therapies for the treatment of primary and metastatic hepatic tumors: A disease-based review of techniques and critical appraisal of current evidence. Am J Surg 2018; 217:541-545. [PMID: 30782316 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The practice of hepatic surgery has become increasingly complex as additional therapeutic options emerge to treat both primary and metastatic tumors of the liver. Liver-directed therapy options include selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), stereotactic body radiation therapy, chemoembolization, bland embolization, hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), and ablative techniques such as microwave or radiofrequency ablation. Hepatocellular carcinoma has been treated with many of these therapies for palliation of symptoms, definitive treatment, and as a bridge to transplantation. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, particularly patients with unresectable disease, have demonstrated clinical responses to both SIRT as well as HAIC. Colorectal liver metastases have been treated with all of these techniques with varying degrees of success depending on the clinical scenario. A detailed understanding of these technologies and the evidence supporting their use is essential for the modern hepatic surgeon to properly sequence therapies and provide salvage options when first-line treatment has failed. This review describes these techniques and their appropriate usage based on the disease of interest and the respective evidence currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Johnson
- Spectrum Health General Surgery Residency Program, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Department of Surgery, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - G Paul Wright
- Spectrum Health General Surgery Residency Program, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Department of Surgery, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Spectrum Health Medical Group, Division of Surgical Oncology, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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Matsushima H, Takami Y, Ryu T, Yoshitomi M, Tateishi M, Wada Y, Saitsu H. Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Who Achieved Long-Term Recurrence-Free Survival After Curative Therapy: Impact of the ALBI Grade. J Gastrointest Surg 2018; 22:1230-1238. [PMID: 29736665 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-3745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Some patients experience very late recurrence of HCC more than 5 years after initial therapy. We aimed to clarify the predictive factors for very late recurrence of HCC in such cases. METHODS Among 807 HCC patients undergoing surgical resection or ablative therapy with curative intent, the patients who survived for 5 years without any recurrence were reviewed. The prognosis and possible predictive factors for late recurrence were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 184 patients survived for more than 5 years without recurrence. Among them, 61 patients experienced recurrence, at a median of 6 years after initial therapy. In univariate analysis, the pre-treatment aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, Child-Pugh class, and ALBI grade were not related to recurrence, but those at 5 years after treatment were significantly related to recurrence. By multivariate analysis, an ALBI grade of 2-3 at 5 years was an independent risk factor for recurrence (P < 0.0001). Moreover, variation of the ALBI grade over the 5 years after the initial treatment was significantly related to recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS The ALBI grade is an effective index of the variation in liver function after curative therapy and may be a useful prognostic factor for the long-term recurrence-free survival of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Matsushima
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Yuko Takami
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ryu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
| | - Munehiro Yoshitomi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
| | - Masaki Tateishi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Wada
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
| | - Hideki Saitsu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1, Jigyohama, Chuoku, Fukuoka City, 810-8563, Japan
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Tokumitsu Y, Sakamoto K, Tokuhisa Y, Matsui H, Matsukuma S, Maeda Y, Sakata K, Wada H, Eguchi H, Ogihara H, Fujita Y, Hamamoto Y, Iizuka N, Ueno T, Nagano H. A new prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after curative hepatectomy. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4411-4422. [PMID: 29556288 PMCID: PMC5844062 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the effectiveness of the product of tumor number and size (NxS factor) for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients following hepatectomy. The present study aimed to propose a new score based on the NxS factor to predict HCC recurrence following hepatectomy. A total of 406 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC at Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed to develop the new score. Among clinicopathological factors, including the NxS factor, the marker subset that achieved the best performance for prediction of early recurrence was assessed, and a prognostic model for HCC recurrence after curative hepatectomy (REACH) was developed. As the validation set, 425 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC at Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine and Shimonoseki Medical Center were analyzed, and the prognostic ability of the REACH score was compared with that of well-known staging systems. Following analysis, the REACH score was constructed using six covariates (NxS factor, microscopic hepatic vein invasion, differentiation, serum albumin, platelet count and indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min). In the validation set, the REACH score predicted early recurrence in 73 of 81 samples, with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 58%. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve of the REACH score was 0.78 and 0.74, respectively, for 1- and 2-year recurrence after hepatectomy; each AUC was higher than that of any of the other staging systems. Survival analysis indicated the REACH score had the best predictive value in disease-free and overall survival. The present findings demonstrated that the REACH score may be used to classify patients with HCC into high- and low-risk of recurrence, and to predict subsequent survival following hepatic resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Tokumitsu
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tokuhisa
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroto Matsui
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsukuma
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Kanmon Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 752-8510, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sakata
- Department of Surgery, Shimonoseki Medical Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0061, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogihara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujita
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hamamoto
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Norio Iizuka
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomio Ueno
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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Chen ZB, Qin F, Ye Z, Shen SQ, Li W, Ding YM, Hu QY, Ma Y. Microwave-assisted liver resection vs. clamp crushing liver resection in cirrhosis patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 34:1359-1366. [PMID: 29353503 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1429678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of microwave-ablation-assisted liver resection (MW-LR) and clamp crushing liver resection (CC-LR) in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS From July 2005 to January 2015, cirrhotic HCC patients who underwent CC-LR (n = 191) or MW-LR (n = 112) were retrospectively analysed. We compared morbidity, mortality, disease-free survival (DFS) time and overall survival time between the CC-LR and MW-LR groups. RESULTS The blood loss volume was significantly higher in the CC-LR group (mean of 752 ml) than that in the MW-LR group (mean of 253 ml, p < 0.001). The abdominal abscess rate was higher in the MW-LR group (8.9%) than that in the CC-LR group (3.1%, p = 0.029). The 30-day mortality rate (1.5% vs. 0.8%) and postoperative complication rate (32.9% vs. 25.0%) were both similar between the CC-LR and MW-LR groups. MW-LR provided a survival benefit over CC-LR at 1, 3 and 5 years in the entire population (93.5% vs. 87.0%, 77.0% vs. 62.5% and 50.0% vs. 36.5%, respectively; p = 0.003). In a subgroup analysis, MW-LR provided a survival benefit over CC-LR for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A (BCLC-A) HCC (p = 0.026) and stage B (BCLC-B) HCC (p = 0.035) patients and provided DFS benefits for BCLC-A HCC patients (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS MW-LR is a safe and feasible procedure for HCC patients with a cirrhotic liver history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Bing Chen
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Feng Qin
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Zi Ye
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Shi-Qiang Shen
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Wei Li
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - You-Ming Ding
- a Department of General Surgery , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Qin-Yong Hu
- b Department of Oncology , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Yi Ma
- c Department of General Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
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Wei Q, Tian H, Luo HX, Zhang YC, Deng YN, Yao J, Li H, Chen GH, Yang Y. Better prognosis of hepatic resection combined with antiviral therapy for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with BCLC Stage B/C. Asian J Surg 2017; 40:453-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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40
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Fan M, Qian N, Dai G. Expression and prognostic significance of doublecortin-like kinase 1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7529-7537. [PMID: 29344199 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), a putative cancer stem cell marker in intestinal and pancreatic tumors, is associated with tumor pathogenesis and progression, and poor survival outcomes in numerous types of cancer. However, DCLK1 expression and its prognostic value remain unclear in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, the expression of DCLK1 was assessed using immunohistochemistry in 96 resected HCC and 68 adjacent tissue specimens. The staining intensity and the percentage of stained cells were scored on a scale of 0-3 and 0-4, respectively. Tissue was defined as positive for DCLK1 if the composite multiple score was >3. Cytoplasmic expression of DCLK1 was observed in HCC and adjacent tissue specimens with an expression rate of 81% (78/96) and 74% (50/68), respectively; the median score was 4.6 and 3.9, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was observed between HCC and adjacent tissues (P=0.087). DCLK1 expression was positively associated with intrahepatic metastasis (P=0.035). Furthermore, univariate analysis revealed that DCLK1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (P=0.024 and 0.034). Multivariate analysis also demonstrated that DCLK1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for DFS in HCC (P=0.019; hazard ratio, 1.546; 95% confidence interval, 1.330-1.725). Stratified Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that DCLK1 expression predicted poorer DFS with respect to positivity for three characteristics: Portal venous metastasis, intrahepatic metastasis, and cirrhosis (P=0.020, P=0.007 and P=0.017, respectively). Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that DCLK1, functioning as a tumor promoter, is frequently overexpressed in HCC, and that DCLK1 expression is associated with poor DFS in patients with HCC. DCLK1 may represent a promising therapeutic target in HCC and requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Fan
- Department of Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Niansong Qian
- Department of Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Guanghai Dai
- Department of Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Li C, Liu JY, Peng W, Wen TF, Yan LN, Yang JY, Li B, Wang WT, Xu MQ. Liver resection versus transplantation for multiple hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81492-81500. [PMID: 29113408 PMCID: PMC5655303 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCs) after liver resection (LR) versus liver transplantation (LT). Patients who had multiple HCCs without macrovascular invasion and who underwent LT or LR between 2007 and 2013 were reviewed. A propensity score matching model was used to adjust baseline differences between the two groups. A total of 204 patients were selected for the current study, including 137 LR patients and 67 LT patients. During follow-up, 100 patients experienced recurrence, and 78 patients died. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 71.1% for the LT group and 31.1% for the LR group (P<0.001). The 5-year overall survival rate was 73.4% for the LT group and 39.8% for the LR group (P<0.001). Moreover, the LT group had better recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates than the LR group regardless of whether the patients met or exceeded the Milan criteria. The multivariate analysis showed that microvascular invasion and LR were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence, whereas only LR was associated with an increased incidence of mortality. After applying one-to-one propensity score matching, similar results were observed in the propensity score matching model. Our study suggested that LT provided a better prognosis for patients with multiple HCCs than LR regardless of whether the patients met the Milan criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Li
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Ye Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-Fu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu-Nan Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Yin Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Qing Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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42
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Locoregional Therapy With Curative Intent Versus Primary Liver Transplant for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Transplantation 2017; 101:e249-e257. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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43
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Jang SY, Park SY, Lee HW, Choi YK, Park KG, Yoon GS, Tak WY, Kweon YO, Hur K, Lee WK. The Combination of Periostin Overexpression and Microvascular Invasion Is Related to a Poor Prognosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gut Liver 2017; 10:948-954. [PMID: 27458178 PMCID: PMC5087935 DOI: 10.5009/gnl15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein and is known to be related to the metastatic potential and prognosis of cancer. However, few studies have investigated the expression level of periostin and its association with prognoses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we analyzed periostin overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implication for prognoses. Methods We evaluated 149 patients who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2010. Tissue microarrays were constructed from hepatocellular carcinoma tissue and adjacent nontumor tissue, and immunohistochemistry was performed. Results A high periostin level was observed more frequently in cases of multiple tumors (odds ratio [OR], 2.826; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.224 to 6.527; p=0.013), positive microvascular invasion (OR, 2.974; 95% CI, 1.431 to 6.181; p=0.003), and advanced stage disease (OR, 3.032; 95% CI, 1.424 to 6.452; p=0.003). Patients with high periostin expression had significantly (p=0.002) lower overall survival rates than those with low periostin expression (90.3%, 66.1%, and 56.2% vs 97.7%, 85.1%, and 77.5% at 1, 3, and 5 years). Conclusions We found that a combination of periostin overexpression and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma was correlated with a poor prognosis and can be a good prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ghil Suk Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Young Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Oh Kweon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Biostatistics Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Cipriani F, Fantini C, Ratti F, Lauro R, Tranchart H, Halls M, Scuderi V, Barkhatov L, Edwin B, Troisi RI, Dagher I, Reggiani P, Belli G, Aldrighetti L, Abu Hilal M. Laparoscopic liver resections for hepatocellular carcinoma. Can we extend the surgical indication in cirrhotic patients? Surg Endosc 2017; 32:617-626. [PMID: 28717870 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-017-5711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the value of laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and severe cirrhosis is still lacking. The aim of this study is to assess surgical and oncological outcomes of LLR in cirrhotic HCC patients. METHODS The analysis included 403 LLR for HCC from seven European centres. 333 cirrhotic and 70 non-cirrhotic patients were compared. A matched comparison was performed between 100 Child-Pugh A and 25 Child-Pugh B patients. RESULTS There was no difference in blood loss (250 vs. 250 mL, p 0.465) and morbidity (28.6 vs. 26.4%, p 0.473) between cirrhotics and non-cirrhotics, and liver-specific complications were similar (12.8 vs. 12%, p 0.924). The sub-analysis revealed similar perioperative outcomes in either Child-Pugh A or B patients. Noteworthy, ascitis (11 vs. 12%, p 0.562) and liver failure (3 vs. 4%, p 0.595) were not different. ASA score (OR 1.76, p 0.034) and conversion (OR 2.99, p 0.019) were risk factors for major morbidity. Despite lower recurrence-free survival in cirrhotics (43 vs. 55 months, p 0.034), overall survival was similar to non-cirrhotic patients (84 vs. 76.5, p 0.598). CONCLUSION LLR for HCC appear equally safe in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, and the advantages can be witnessed in those with advanced cirrhosis. Severe comorbidities and conversion should be considered risk factors for complications-rather than the severity of cirrhosis and portal hypertension-when liver resection is performed laparoscopically. Such results may be of great interest to liver surgeons and hepatologists when deciding on the management of HCC within cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cipriani
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, E Level, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO166YD, UK.,Hepatobiliary Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado Fantini
- General and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Loreto Nuovo Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Ratti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Lauro
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico Major Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Hadrien Tranchart
- Department of Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Clamart, France
| | - Mark Halls
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, E Level, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Vincenzo Scuderi
- Department of General, Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Ghent University Hospital Medical School, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leonid Barkhatov
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjorn Edwin
- Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roberto I Troisi
- Department of General, Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Ghent University Hospital Medical School, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ibrahim Dagher
- Department of Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Clamart, France
| | - Paolo Reggiani
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico Major Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Belli
- General and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Loreto Nuovo Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohammad Abu Hilal
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, E Level, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO166YD, UK.
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Zhou L, Rui JA, Zhou WX, Wang SB, Chen SG, Qu Q. Edmondson-Steiner grade: A crucial predictor of recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma without microvascular invasio. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:824-830. [PMID: 28554743 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular invasion (MVI), an important pathologic parameter, has been proven to be a powerful predictor of long-term prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, prognostic factors in HCC without MVI remain unknown. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors of recurrence and poor post-resectional survival in this type of HCC. METHODS AND METHODS A total of 109 patients with MVI-absent HCC underwent radical hepatectomy were enrolled. The influence of clinicopathologic variables on recurrence and patient survival was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Chi-square test found that Edmondson-Steiner grade and satellite nodule were significantly associated with recurrence, while the former was the single marker for early recurrence. Stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated the independent predictive role of Edmondson-Steiner grade for recurrence. On the other hand, Edmondson-Steiner grade, serum AFP level and satellite nodule were significant for overall and disease-free survival in univariate analysis, whereas tumor size was linked to disease-free survival. Of the variables, Edmondson-Steiner grade, serum AFP level and satellite nodule were independent indicators. CONCLUSIONS Edmondson-Steiner grade, a histological classification, carries robust prognostic implications for all the endpoints for prognosis, thus being potential to be a crucial prognosticator in HCC without MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing-An Rui
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Xun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Guang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Doussot A, Lim C, Lahat E, Salloum C, Osseis M, Gavara CG, Levesque E, Feray C, Compagnon P, Azoulay D. Complications after Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Independently Shorten Survival: A Western, Single-Center Audit. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:1569-1578. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shen JY, Li C, Wen TF, Yan LN, Li B, Wang WT, Yang JY, Xu MQ, Nazar Highness T. Liver transplantation versus surgical resection for HCC meeting the Milan criteria: A propensity score analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5756. [PMID: 28033289 PMCID: PMC5207585 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal treatment (liver transplantation [LT] vs surgical resection [SR]) for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial.A total of 209 SR patients and 129 LT patients were identified at our institution. After eliminating 27 patients with Child-Pugh C, the data from 209 SR patients and 102 LT patients were analyzed using a propensity score matching (PSM) model. Forty-six pairs were generated. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level or platelet count (PLT). A survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.Gender, satellite lesions, and the treatment method were predictors of HCC recurrence. The Ishak score and treatment methods were associated with long-term survival after surgery. Before PSM, LT patients had a better prognosis than those treated by SR. Among HCC patients with childhood A/B cirrhosis, after PSM, SR achieved similar overall survival outcomes compared with LT. LT and SR resulted in comparable long-term survival for patients with or without thrombocytopenia. Patients with an AFP ≥ 400 ng/mL might achieve more survival benefits from LT.Our propensity score model provided evidence that, compared with transplantation, surgical resection could result in comparable long-term survival for resectable early-stage HCC patients, except for the AFP ≥ 400 ng/mL HCC subgroup. Surgical resection might not be a contraindication for early-stage HCC patients with thrombocytopenia due to their similar prognosis after transplantation.
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48
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Wang P, Pu Y, Li H, Shi B, Zheng S, Zhong L. Prognosis for recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma of salvage liver transplantation versus those of primary liver transplantation: a retrospective single-center study. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1809. [PMID: 27818858 PMCID: PMC5069219 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis for recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of salvage liver transplantation (SLT) versus those of primary liver transplantation (PLT) remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and survival rate of SLT recipients. METHODS Three hundred seventy-one patients with HCC transplanted at Shanghai General Hospital, China, between October 2001 and October 2011 were separated into PLT (n = 295) and SLT (n = 76) groups. Patient characteristics and survival curves were studied by univariate and multivariate analysis. A Milan criteria-stratified survival analysis was conducted. RESULTS The proportions of reoperation (11.8 vs. 5.4 %, P = 0.047) and early postoperative mortality (11.8 vs. 4.7 %, P = 0.032) were higher in the SLT group than in the PLT group. Recurrence free survival (RFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate had no statistically significant differences after stratification using Milan criteria between the PLT group and SLT group. Alphafetoprotein >400 ng/mL (P = 0.011), microscopic vascular invasion (MVI) (P < 0.001), tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (P = 0.006), and out of Milan criteria (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for RFS, while MVI (P < 0.001), TNM staging (P = 0.009), and out of Milan criteria (P = 0.003) were factors for OS. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, HCC recurrence was associated with MVI (OR = 4.196 [2.538-6.936], P < 0.001), and out of Milan criteria (OR = 2.704 [1.643-4.451], P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our retrospective, single-center study demonstrated that SLT increases surgical difficulty; however, it has good post-transplantation OS and is a feasible alternative after HCC recurrence within Milan criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Ying Pu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Baojie Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Shengnai Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu province China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
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Yang PC, Ho CM, Hu RH, Ho MC, Wu YM, Lee PH. Prophylactic liver transplantation for high-risk recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:1309-1317. [PMID: 27872682 PMCID: PMC5099583 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i31.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Radical treatment of HCC in early stages results in a long disease-free period and improved overall survival. The choice of optimal management strategy for HCC mainly depends on the severity of the underlying liver disease. For patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and HCC within Milan criteria (MC), liver transplant (LT) is the choice of treatment. However, for patients with good residual liver reserve and HCC within MC, selection of other curative treatments such as liver resection (LR) or radiofrequency ablation may be a reasonable alternative. For patients without cirrhosis, LR can result in an overall survival similar to that provided by LT. Therefore, it is an accepted alternative to LT especially in areas with organ shortage. However, the cumulative 5-year recurrence rate of HCC post LR might be as high as 70%. For initial transplant-eligible (within MC) patients with recurrent HCC post LR, salvage liver transplant (SLT) was first proposed in 2000. However, most patients with recurrent HCC considered for SLT are untransplantable cases due to HCC recurrence beyond MC or comorbidity. Thus, the strategy of opting for SLT results in the loss of the opportunity of LT for these patients. Some authors proposed the concept of “de principe liver transplant” (i.e., prophylactic LT before HCC recurrence) to prevent losing the chance of LT for these potential candidates. Factors associated with the failure of SLT will be dissected and discussed in three parts: Patient, tumor, and underlying liver disease. Regarding patient-related factors, the rate of transplantability depends on patient compliance. Patients without regular follow-up tend to develop HCC recurrence beyond MC at the time of tumor detection. Advancing age is another factor related to severe comorbidities when LT is considered for HCC recurrence, and these elderly candidates become ineligible as time goes by. Regarding tumor-related factors, histopathological features of the resected specimen are used mostly for determining the prognosis of early HCC recurrences. Such prognostic factors include the presence of microvascular invasion, poor tumor differentiation, the presence of microsatellites, the presence of multiple tumors, and the presence of the gene-expressing signature associated with aggressive HCC. These prognostic factors might be used as a selection tool for SLT or prophylactic LT, while remaining mindful of the fact that most of them are also prognostic factors for post-transplant HCC recurrence. Regarding underlying liver disease-related factors, progression of chronic viral hepatitis and high viral load may contribute to the development of late (de novo) HCC recurrence as a consequence of sustained inflammatory reaction. However, correlation between the severity of liver fibrosis and tumor recurrence is still controversial. Some prognostic scoring systems that integrate these three factors have been proposed to predict recurrence patterns after LR for HCC. Theoretically, after excluding patients with high risk of post-transplant HCC recurrence, either by observation of a cancer-free period or by measurement of biological factors (such as alpha fetoprotein), prophylactic LT following curative resection of HCC could be considered for selected patients with high risk of recurrence to provide longer survival.
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Novel microvascular invasion-based prognostic nomograms to predict survival outcomes in patients after R0 resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:293-303. [PMID: 27743138 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose a novel histopathological classification system for microvascular invasion (MVI) and to establish nomograms to predict postoperative survival and early tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after R0 liver resection. METHODS The clinicopathological and follow-up data of 686 consecutive patients with HCC who underwent R0 liver resection in our hospital between December 2009 and April 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. A classification system was established based on histological characteristics of MVI. Nomograms were then formulated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to analyze. The results were validated using bootstrap resampling and a new 225-patient validation cohort operated in May and June 2010 at the same institution. RESULTS A 4-stratification classification system of MVI was established, which satisfactorily determined the risk of survival and early tumor recurrence. Then, an eight-factor nomogram for survival prediction and a seven-factor nomogram for prediction of early tumor recurrence were established. The concordance indices were 0.78 for the survival-prediction nomogram and 0.72 for the recurrence-prediction nomogram. These indices were both significantly higher than the following three commonly used staging systems: tumor-node-metastasis staging system (seventh edition, 0.67/0.65), Japan Integrated Staging System (0.58/0.58) and Chinese University Prognostic Index (0.52/0.51). The calibration curves showed good agreement between predictions by the nomograms and actual survival outcomes. These results were confirmed in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS The novel classification system of MVI and the nomograms enabled more accurate predictions of risk of tumor recurrence and overall survival in patients with HCC after R0 liver resection.
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