1
|
Wang WC, Wu TH, Hung HC, Lee JC, Cheng CH, Wang YC, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Liver regeneration of living donor after liver donation for transplantation: Disparity in the left and right remnant liver. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37632. [PMID: 38579088 PMCID: PMC10994454 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Donor safety is crucial for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), and sufficient liver regeneration significantly affects outcomes of living donors. This study aimed to investigate clinical factors associated with liver regeneration in living donors. The study retrospectively reviewed 380 living donors who underwent liver donation at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Linkou. The clinical characteristics and medical parameters of donors were analyzed and compared according to liver donation graft type. There were 355 donors (93.4%) with right hemi-liver donations and 25 donors (6.6%) with left hemi-liver donations. Left hemi-liver donors had a higher body mass index (BMI) and a larger ratio of remnant liver volume (RLV) to total liver volume (TLV). However, the 2 groups showed no significant difference in the liver regeneration ratio. The type of remnant liver (P < .001), RLV/body weight (P = .027), RLV/TLV (P < .001), serum albumin on postoperative day 7 and total bilirubin levels on postoperative day 30 were the most significant factors affecting liver regeneration in living donors. In conclusion, adequate liver regeneration is essential for donor outcome after liver donation. The remnant liver could eventually regenerate to an adequate volume similar to the initial TLV before liver donation. However, the remnant left hemi-liver had a faster growth rate than the remnant right hemi-liver in donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hung HC, Lai Y, Lee JC, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC, Lee CF. Optimal treatment strategy and prognostic analysis of salvage liver transplantation for patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after hepatectomy. Hepatol Res 2024. [PMID: 38451566 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the prognostic factors for salvage liver transplant in patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after hepatectomy. METHODS This retrospective analysis included 53 patients who underwent salvage living-donor liver transplantation between January 2007 and January 2018. There were 24 and 29 patients in the early (recurrence ≤24 months after primary liver resection) and the late recurrence groups, respectively. RESULTS In the multivariate Cox regression model, pre-liver transplant downstaging therapy, early recurrence (ER) after primary liver resection , and recurrence-to-liver-transplant ≥12 months were independent risks to predict recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after salvage living-donor liver transplantation. Compared with the late recurrence group, the ER group showed lower disease-free survival rates (p < 0.001); however, the overall survival rates did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.355). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 83.3%, 70.6%, and 66.2%, and 96.0%, 91.6%, and 91.6% in the early and late recurrence groups, respectively. When stratified by recurrence-to-liver transplant time and pre-liver transplant downstaging therapy in the ER group, disease-free survival and overall survival rates were significantly different. CONCLUSION ER after primary liver resection with advanced tumor status and a longer period of recurrence-to-liver-transplant (≥12 months) have a negative impact on salvage liver transplant. Our findings provide novel recommendations for treatment strategies and eligibility for salvage liver transplant candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin Lai
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Ji LR, Cheng CH, Su T, Han F, Li YZ, Wang EL, Chen R. [Analysis of dynamic functional connectivity states and influencing factors of brain network in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3938-3945. [PMID: 38129171 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230720-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze dynamic functional connectivity (dFNC) states and influencing factors of brain network in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: A total of 111 male patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea or presenting with simple snoring, who visited the Sleep Clinic at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between August 2020 and December 2021, were prospectively selected for this study. General information was collected, and polysomnography (PSG) was performed. Based on the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), the participants were divided into three groups: primary snoring group (ODI<5 events/hour, n=34), mild to moderate OSA group (5 events/hour≤ODI<30 events/hour, n=43), and sever OSA group (ODI≥30 events/hour, n=34). Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, and daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected and preprocessed. dFNC matrices were constructed using a sliding time window approach. The number of dFNC states was determined using k-means clustering analysis. Three parameters, namely, fractional time (FT), mean dwell time (MDT), and number of transitions (NT), were used to characterize the temporal properties of dFNC states. Differences in the temporal properties of dFNC states among the groups were compared. The correlations between temporal properties and PSG parameters, as well as MoCA and ESS scores, were further analyzed. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors of the temporal properties of dFNC states. Results: The age of the patients was (40.2±8.6) years (range: 25-65 years). There were no significant differences in age, smoking history and alcohol history, and MoCA scores among the three groups (all P>0.05). Three dFNC states were extracted through k-means clustering analysis: state 1, characterized by strong connections within the visual and sensorimotor networks with a frequency of 31.7% (4 611/14 541); state 2, characterized by strong connections within the default mode network, attention network, and other cognitive networks, with the lowest frequency of 22.1% (3 213/14 541); state 3, characterized by weaker connections across the whole brain, with the highest frequency of 46.2% (6 717/14 541). The FT [0.28 (0.05, 0.35) vs 0.39 (0.26, 0.53)] and MDT [8.20 (4.35, 12.54) vs 11.68 (8.50, 16.69)] of state 2 in the sever OSA group were lower than those in the primary snoring group (both P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the temporal properties of states 1 and 3 among the three groups (all P>0.05). The FT and MDT of state 2 were correlated with body mass index (BMI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), ODI, and minimum oxygen saturation (MinSaO2) (FT: r values were -0.218, -0.230, -0.249, 0.198, respectively; MDT: r values were 0.269, -0.253, -0.265, 0.209, respectively; all P<0.05). There were no significant correlations between the temporal properties and MoCA or ESS scores (all P>0.05). ODI was found to be an influencing factor for the temporal properties of state 2 (FT: β=-0.225, 95%CI:-0.227 to -0.223; MDT: β=-0.241, 95%CI:-0.289 to -0.195). Conclusions: Male patients with OSA exhibit alterations in specific temporal properties of brain network dynamic functional connectivity, which are associated with nocturnal oxygen parameters. This may be one of the mechanisms underlying brain functional damage in patients with OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - L R Ji
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - T Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Y Z Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M146DZ, UK
| | - E L Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Li Y, Lin DX, Middleton S, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Meadows BT, Sokoloff MD, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Gaz A, Margoni M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Kim P, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Tasneem N, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Miller C, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Wu SL. Search for Evidence of Baryogenesis and Dark Matter in B^{+}→ψ_{D}+p Decays at BABAR. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201801. [PMID: 38039482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A new dark sector antibaryon, denoted ψ_{D}, could be produced in decays of B mesons. This Letter presents a search for B^{+}→ψ_{D}+p (and the charge conjugate) decays in e^{+}e^{-} annihilations at 10.58 GeV, using data collected in the BABAR experiment. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 398 fb^{-1} are analyzed. No evidence for a signal is observed. Branching fraction upper limits in the range from 10^{-7}-10^{-5} are obtained at 90% confidence level for masses of 1.0
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng CH, Su T, Wang J, Zhu QL, Wu HH, Wang ZJ, Han F, Chen R. [Alertness and task processing speed impairment status and influencing factors of young-middle aged men with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:1685-1691. [PMID: 37302859 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220909-01910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the alertness and task processing speed impairment status in young-mild aged men with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: This prospective study recruited 251 snoring patients aged 18 to 59 (38.9±7.6) years in the Sleep Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2020 to September 2021 and all patients were diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). Clinical information, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and PSG date were collected. All patients were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaires, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Computerized Neurocognitive Assessment System which includes the reaction time of Motor Screening Task (MOT) for alertness, the reaction time of pattern recognition memory (PRM), spatial span (SSP) and spatial working memory (SWM) for task processing speed. Based on AHI tertiles, all patients were divided into Q1 group (AHI<15 times/h, n=79), Q2 group (15 times/h≤AHI<45 times/h, n=88), and Q3 group (AHI≥45 times/h, n=84). The characteristics of clinical information, ESS, PSG parameters and cognitive scores among three groups were compared. Multiple linear stepwise regression was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive impairment. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, years of education, history of smoking and drinking, and past disease history (except for the prevalence of hypertension) among the 3 groups (P>0.05). There were statistically significant among-group differences in the body mass index (BMI), ESS, prevalence of hypertension and complaints of daytime sleepiness (P<0.05). Compared with Q1 and Q2 group, the arousal index (ArI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI),the proportion of non-rapid eye movement phase 1 and 2 (N1+N2) and percentage of total sleep time with oxygen saturation level<90% (TS90) of Q3 group were higher (all P<0.05). In the cognitive assessment, there was no statistically significant difference in the MoCA total and individual scores and MMSE scores among the three groups (P>0.05). Compared with the Q1 group, the task processing speed and alertness were worse in Q3 group, as shown by slower PRM immediate and delayed reaction time, SSP reaction time and MOT reaction time (all P<0.05). The total time of SWM in Q2 group was slower than that in Q1 group (P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that years of education (β=-40.182, 95%CI:-69.847--10.517), ODI (β=3.539, 95%CI: 0.600-6.478) were the risk factors of PRM immediate reaction time. Age(β=13.303,95%CI: 2.487-24.119), years of education(β=-32.329, 95%CI:-63.162--1.497), ODI (β=4.515, 95%CI: 1.623-7.407) were the risk factors of PRM delayed reaction time. ODI was the risk factor of SSP reaction time (β=1.258, 95%CI: 0.379-2.137). TS90 was the risk factor of MOT reaction time (β=1.796, 95%CI: 0.664-2.928). Conclusions: The early cognitive impairment in young-mild aged OSAHS patients was manifested in decreased alertness and task processing speed, and intermittent nocturnal hypoxia was its influencing factor in addition to age and years of education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - T Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Q L Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - H H Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Z J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine/Sleep Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang CC, Cheng CH, Chen TH, Lin YH, He JH, Tsai DP, Lin GR. Synthesis of Nano-Structured Ge as Transmissive or Reflective Saturable Absorber for Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13101697. [PMID: 37242115 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous-Ge (α-Ge) or free-standing nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via hydrogen-free plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were applied as transmissive or reflective saturable absorbers, respectively, for starting up passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). Under a threshold pumping power of 41 mW for mode-locking the EDFL, the transmissive α-Ge film could serve as a saturable absorber with a modulation depth of 52-58%, self-starting EDFL pulsation with a pulsewidth of approximately 700 fs. Under a high power of 155 mW, the pulsewidth of the EDFL mode-locked by the 15 s-grown α-Ge was suppressed to 290 fs, with a corresponding spectral linewidth of 8.95 nm due to the soliton compression induced by intra-cavity self-phase modulation. The Ge-NP-on-Au (Ge-NP/Au) films could also serve as a reflective-type saturable absorber to passively mode-lock the EDFL with a broadened pulsewidth of 3.7-3.9 ps under a high-gain operation with 250 mW pumping power. The reflection-type Ge-NP/Au film was an imperfect mode-locker, owing to their strong surface-scattered deflection in the near-infrared wavelength region. From the abovementioned results, both ultra-thin α-Ge film and free-standing Ge NP exhibit potential as transmissive and reflective saturable absorbers, respectively, for ultrafast fiber lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cheng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Optical Access Technology Laboratory, Photonic ICT Research Center, Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei 184-8795, Japan
| | - Ting-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Hau He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Din-Ping Tsai
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gong-Ru Lin
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu QL, Han F, Wang J, Cheng CH, Cai SJ, Wang QJ, Chen R. [Effect of sleep spindle density on memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2023; 46:466-473. [PMID: 37147808 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20220924-00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the characteristics of sleep spindle density in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) stage 2 (N2) sleep and its effect on memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) examination due to snoring in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to December 2021 were prospectively collected. A total of 119 male patients, aged 23-60 (37.4±7.3) years, were enrolled finally. According to the apnea hyponea index (AHI), the subjects were divided into a control group (AHI<15 times/h) of 59 cases and an OSAHS group (AHI≥15 times/h) of 60 cases. The basic information, general clinical data and PSG parameters were collected. Memory function scores were evaluated by using logical memory test (LMT), digit ordering test (DOT) and pattern recognition memory (PRM), spatial recognition memory (SRM) and spatial working memory (SWM) in CANTAB test. The number of N2 sleep spindles in leads left central area (C3) and right central area (C4) was counted by hand and the sleep spindle density (SSD) was calculated. The differences in the above indexes and N2 SSD were compared between the two groups. Shapiro-Wilk method, chi-squared test, Spearman correlation analysis and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the influencing factors of memory scores in patients with OSAHS. Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of the slow-wave sleep, the minimum blood oxygen saturation, the SSD in C3 of NREM2 stage and the SSD in C4 of NREM2 stage were lower in the OSAHS group. The body mass index (BMI), proportion of N2 sleep, oxygen reduction index, percentage of time with oxyhemoglobin saturation below 90% (TS90), maximum duration of apnea and respiratory effort-related arousal(RERA) were higher in the OSAHS group (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the immediate LMT score was lower, while the time for immediately completing PRM test, the total time for immediately completing SRM test and the time for delayed completing PRM test were longer in the OSAHS group, suggesting that the immediate logical memory, immediate visual memory, spatial recognition memory and delayed visual memory were worse in the OSAHS group. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of years of education (OR=0.744, 95%CI 0.565-0.979, P=0.035), maximum duration of apnea (OR=0.946, 95%CI 0.898-0.997, P=0.038) and N2-C3 SSD (OR=0.328, 95%CI 0.207-0.618, P=0.012) and N2-C4 SSD (OR=0.339, 95%CI 0.218-0.527, P=0.017) were independent factors affecting the immediate visual memory. The AHI (OR=1.449, 95%CI 1.057-1.985, P=0.021), N2-C3 SSD (OR=0.377, 95%CI 0.246-0.549, P=0.009), and N2-C4 SSD (OR=0.400, 95%CI 0.267-0.600, P=0.010) were independent factors affecting delayed visual memory. Conclusions: The decrease in SSD is associated with impaired memory function in patients with moderate-severe OSAHS, which is manifested as impairment of immediate visual memory and delayed visual memory. This suggests that changes of sleep spindle wave in N2 may be an electroencephalographic biomarker for assessing cognitive impairment in OSAHS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q L Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - S J Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Q J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng CH, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wang YC, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Converting from Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate to Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients with Hepatitis B Following Liver Transplantation. Ann Transplant 2023; 28:e938731. [PMID: 37081752 PMCID: PMC10127548 DOI: 10.12659/aot.938731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taiwan has a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HBV-related end-stage liver disease is the leading cause of liver transplantation (LT). Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a recently approved agent for the treatment of chronic HBV infection that improves renal profiles compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in phase III trials. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of TAF treatment in LT recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed 17 LT recipients who underwent treatment with TDF and TAF. Changes in baseline renal function were compared. RESULTS Seventeen LT recipients received TDF for ≥48 weeks and were switched to TAF. During TDF treatment, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD] formula) decreased significantly at weeks 24 and 48. At week 48, only 2 patients (11.8%) displayed improved renal function, whereas the other patients showed decreased eGFR ranging from 5.48% to 62.84%. After switching to TAF, the median eGFR increased by 3.01% at week 24 and decreased by 0.31% at week 48. Seven patients (47%) showed improved renal function at week 48 after TAF treatment. CONCLUSIONS Switching from TDF to TAF was associated with fewer short-term renal impairment while maintaining the antiviral efficacy in LT recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chan KM, Lai Y, Hung HC, Lee JC, Cheng CH, Wang YC, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Wang CT, Chai PM, Lien HY, Lee WC. Significance of Physical Status and Liver Function Reserve for Outcome of Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Lenvatinib Treatment. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:281-290. [PMID: 36845025 PMCID: PMC9946007 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s393964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remain the primary therapeutic option for patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the selection of a suitable TKI is an issue in real-world clinical practice. Thus, this study aimed to identify patients most likely to benefit from lenvatinib treatment. Methods A retrospective review of 143 patients with unresectable advanced-stage HCC treated with lenvatinib between January 2020 and December 2021 was performed. Outcomes related to lenvatinib treatment were measured, and the clinical parameters affecting prognosis were analyzed. Results Overall, the median time of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 7.1 months and 17.7 months, respectively. Prognostic analyses found that Child-Pugh score > 5 (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.55-3.80, p = 0.001) was a significant factor affecting the PFS of HCC after lenvatinib treatment. Child-Pugh score > 5 (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.20-3.74, p = 0.009), body weight ≥ 60 kg (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.32-0.90, p = 0.020), and additional trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment (HR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.21-0.70, p = 0.003) were significant prognostic factors for OS. However, early α-fetoprotein reduction was not significantly correlated with patient outcomes. Additionally, patients with pre-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio > 4.07 showed a significant worse PFS and OS than other patients. Conclusion The outcome of patients with advanced-stage HCC remains poor. However, the host condition, including good physical status and better functional liver preservation, largely affected the outcome of patients receiving lenvatinib treatment. Moreover, additional locoregional therapy for intrahepatic HCC, other than TKI treatment, can be considered in certain patients to achieve a favorable outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Correspondence: Kun-Ming Chan, Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Gui-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan, Tel +886-3-3281200 Ext 3366, Fax +886-3-3285818, Email
| | - Yin Lai
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Mei Chai
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lien
- Graduate School of Education, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee WC, Wu TJ, Cheng CH, Wang YC, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wu TH, Chou HS, Lee CF, Chan KM. Elevation of Lipid Metabolites in Deceased Liver Donors Reflects Graft Suffering. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010117. [PMID: 36677042 PMCID: PMC9866140 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation can be performed with deceased or living donor allografts. Deceased liver grafts are donated from brain- or circulation-death patients, and they have usually suffered from a certain degree of damage. Post-transplant graft function and patient survival are closely related to liver allograft recovery. How to define the damage of liver grafts is unclear. A total of 47 liver donors, 23 deceased and 24 living, were enrolled in this study. All deceased donors had suffered from severe brain damage, and six of them had experienced cardio-pulmonary-cerebral resuscitation (CPR). The exploration of liver graft metabolomics was conducted by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Compared with living donor grafts, the deceased liver grafts expressed higher levels of various diacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, oleoylcarnitine and linoleylcarnitine; and lower levels of cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine. The liver grafts from the donors with CPR had higher levels of cardiolipin, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phatidylethanolamine and amiodarone than the donors without CPR. When focusing on amino acids, the deceased livers had higher levels of histidine, taurine and tryptophan than the living donor livers. In conclusion, the deceased donors had suffered from cardio-circulation instability, and their lipid metabolites were increased. The elevation of lipid metabolites can be employed as an indicator of liver graft suffering.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hung KKC, Leung LY, Yeung JHH, Wong TK, Yiu TY, Leung YK, Chan D, Lui CT, Ng WK, Ho HF, Cheng CH, Cheung NK, Graham CA. A prediction model for return to work after injury in Hong Kong: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28 Suppl 6:39-44. [PMID: 36535799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K K C Hung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Trauma & Emergency Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - L Y Leung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - J H H Yeung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Trauma & Emergency Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - T K Wong
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - T Y Yiu
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Y K Leung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - D Chan
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C T Lui
- Accident & Emergency Department, Tuen Mun Hospital
| | - W K Ng
- Trauma Committee, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - H F Ho
- Accident & Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital
| | - C H Cheng
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Trauma & Emergency Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - N K Cheung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Trauma & Emergency Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - C A Graham
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Trauma & Emergency Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai Y, Lee JC, Hung HC, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Kao CY, Lee WC. Modified preoperative score to predict disease-free survival for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with surgical resections. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1778-1789. [PMID: 36185727 PMCID: PMC9521458 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i9.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No prognostic models specific to hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving surgical resection have been considered strong and convincing enough for survival prediction thus far, and there are no models including only preoperative predictors. We derived a nomogram to predict disease-free survival in a previous study.
AIM To simplify our score and compare research outcomes among other scoring systems.
METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data from 1106 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent liver resection at the Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between April 2003 and December 2012. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the significant survival predictors. Homogeneity, Harrell’s C-index, and Akaike information criterion were compared between our score, AJCC 8th edition, Tokyo score, and Taipei Integrated Scoring System (TTV-CTP-AFP model).
RESULTS Among the 1106 patients, 731 (66.1%) had tumor recurrence at a median follow-up of 83.9 mo. Five risk factors were identified: platelet count, albumin level, indocyanine green retention rate, multiplicity, and radiologic total tumor volume. Patients were divided into three risk groups, and the 5-year survival rates were 61.7%, 39%, and 25.7%, respectively. The C-index was 0.617, which was higher than the Tokyo score (0.613) and the Taipei Integrated Scoring System (0.562) and equal to the value of the AJCC 8th edition (0.617).
CONCLUSION The modified score provides an easier method to predict survival. Appropriate treatment can be planned preoperatively by dividing patients into risk groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lai
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yao Kao
- Department of Special Education, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee WC, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Hsu HY, Hsu PY, Wu TJ, Chan KM. Enhancement of dendritic cell immunotherapy by recalling antigens for hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1225-1236. [PMID: 36097695 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)-immunotherapy for large hepatoma in mice is unsatisfactory. Materials & methods: DC-based immunotherapy was used to treat Hepa1-6 tumors measuring 6 ± 1 mm in diameter, enhanced by boosting tumor antigens. Results: CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were contracted and transformed into memory phenotypic cells after DC-based vaccination. When T-cells were re-stimulated, T-cells obtained from mice boosted by tumor antigen injection showed highest proliferation capacity. When mice with large tumors were treated, DC-based vaccination boosted by tumor antigen and an additional DC-infusion yielded curative rates of 50% and 23.1%, respectively. Conclusion: DC vaccination induced effector memory cells. Antigen presentation recalled by DC or tumor antigens increased the curative rate in mice with large tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ying Hsu
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yueh Hsu
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver & Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chan KM, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wu TH, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. Individualized Selection Criteria Based on Tumor Burden in Future Remnant Liver for Staged Hepatectomy of Advanced CRLM: Conventional TSH or ALPPS. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143553. [PMID: 35884613 PMCID: PMC9324888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Staged hepatectomy is a promising strategy for curative resection of advanced colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) to prevent inadequate future remnant liver (FRL). However, the selection criteria for conventional two-stage hepatectomy (cTSH) and associating liver partitioning and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) remain unclear. This study aimed to propose a selection criterion for determining the optimal staged hepatectomy for patients with advanced CRLM. A selection criterion based on the degree of metastatic tumors within the FRL was established to determine staged hepatectomy approaches. Generally, ALPPS is recommended for patients with ≤3 metastatic nodules and whose nodules do not measure >3 cm in the FRL. cTSH is performed for patients whose tumor burden in FRL beyond the selection criteria. Data of 37 patients who underwent staged hepatectomy and curative intent of CRLM were analyzed. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of the two approaches were compared. Overall, cTSH and ALPPS were performed for 27 (73.0%) and 10 (27.0%) patients, respectively. Of those, 20 patients in the cTSH group and all patients in the ALPPS group had completed staged hepatectomy. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 91.6%, 62.4%, and 45.4% for all patients, respectively. The outcomes of patients who had successfully completed the staged hepatectomy were significantly better than those of other patients who failed to achieve staged hepatectomy. However, no significant difference was observed in the overall survival of patients who underwent staged hepatectomy between the two groups, but those in the ALPPS group had 100% survival at the end of this study. The individualized selection criteria based on tumor burden in the FRL that could balance the operative risk and oncologic outcome appear to be a promising strategy for achieving complete staged hepatectomy in patients with advanced CRLM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 3366); Fax: +886-3-3285818
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheng CH, Lai Y, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wang YC, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Recurrence Patterns After Hepatectomy With Very Narrow Resection Margins for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Surg 2022; 9:926728. [PMID: 35910466 PMCID: PMC9330627 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.926728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The extent of hepatic resection In HCC depends on the remnant liver reserve or the proximity of the tumor to major vessels. In this study, we evaluated the effects of very close resection margins on postoperative recurrence. Methods Consecutive LR for HCC between 2003 and 2009 were studied. Patients were divided into groups with very narrow (≤1 mm) or wider (>1 mm) resection margins. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance demographic, surgical, and pathological factors. Results 983 patients were included in the study. After PSM, 173 patients were analyzed in each group. 5-year tumor recurrence and survival rates were comparable. Most recurrences were multiple intrahepatic. Section margin recurrences were similar in both groups. By multivariate analysis, tumor size >5 cm was associated with a very narrow resection margin, whereas low platelet count and tumor macrovascular invasion were significant factors related to tumor recurrence. Conclusions Patients with very narrow surgical margins showed outcomes comparable to those with wider surgical margins. Most recurrences were multiple intrahepatic and associated with the degree of portal hypertension and adverse tumor biology. Although wide surgical margins should be aimed whenever possible, a narrow tumor-free margin resection still represents an effective therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Wei-Chen Lee
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee SY, Cheng CH, Huang KY, Chen X, Li K, Wang CH, Li MJ, Wu CH, Lin GR. Coupling angle tolerance of the 850-nm single-mode VCSEL output collimated by lensed OM4-MMF or GI-SMF for a NRZ-OOK link. Opt Express 2022; 30:17130-17139. [PMID: 36221542 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
By collimating the single-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) at 850 nm with either the OM4 multi-mode fiber (OM4-MMF) or the graded-index single-mode fiber (GI-SMF) with lensed end-face, the directly encoded non-return-to-zero on-off keying (NRZ-OOK) data transmission performance is characterized when tilting the coupling angle with respect to the surface normal of the SM-VCSEL. In comparison with the lensed OM4-MMF and lensed SMF coupling, the lensed OM4-MMF collimator shows a large coupling angle tolerance with the coupling efficiency only degraded by 5% when enlarging the tilted angle from 0° to 10°. In contrast, the lensed GI-SMF collimator attenuates the coupled SM-VCSEL output by more than 50% when tilting the coupling angle up to 10°. For the lensed OM4-MMF coupling, the receivable NRZ-OOK data rate in BtB and after 100-m OM4-MMF cases can achieve 50 Gbit/s with its corresponding BER degraded from 6.5 × 10-10 to 8.8 × 10-10 when enlarging its tilting angle ranged from 0° to 10°. By changing the collimator to the lensed SMF, the decoded BER significantly degrades from 5.8 × 10-5 to 1.2 × 10-1 when coupling and transmitting the NRZ-OOK data at 50 Gbit/s. Owing to the low coupling efficiency via the lensed SMF collimator, the error-free NRZ-OOK data rate under the lensed SMF coupling somewhat decreases to 35 Gbit/s in the BtB link and to 32 Gbit/s after the 100-m GI-SMF link with allowable coupling angle tilted from 0° to 4°. This work confirms the applicability of the lensed MMF or SMF collimator for coupling the SM-VCSEL output with a relatively large tolerance on the tilting angle with respect to the surface normal of the SM-VCSEL.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Lin DX, Middleton S, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Flood I, Nguyen N, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, De Nuccio M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Tasneem N, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Miller C, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Search for an Axionlike Particle in B Meson Decays. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:131802. [PMID: 35426701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Axionlike particles (ALPs) are predicted in many extensions of the standard model, and their masses can naturally be well below the electroweak scale. In the presence of couplings to electroweak bosons, these particles could be emitted in flavor-changing B meson decays. We report herein a search for an ALP, a, in the reaction B^{±}→K^{±}a, a→γγ using data collected by the BABAR experiment at SLAC. No significant signal is observed, and 90% confidence level upper limits on the ALP coupling to electroweak bosons are derived as a function of ALP mass, improving current constraints by several orders of magnitude in the range 0.175 GeV<m_{a}<4.78 GeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D X Lin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - S Middleton
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Oyang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrarab, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrarab, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrarab, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrarab, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrarab, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - I Flood
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - N Nguyen
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - M De Nuccio
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5
| | - N Tasneem
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - C Miller
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Lin DX, Middleton S, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Search for Lepton Flavor Violation in ϒ(3S)→e^{±}μ^{∓}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:091804. [PMID: 35302790 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.091804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first search for electron-muon lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the decay of a b quark and b antiquark bound state. We look for the LFV decay ϒ(3S)→e^{±}μ^{∓} in a sample of 118 million ϒ(3S) mesons from 27 fb^{-1} of data collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e^{+}e^{-} collider operating with a 10.36 GeV center-of-mass energy. No evidence for a signal is found, and we set a limit on the branching fraction B[ϒ(3S)→e^{±}μ^{∓}]<3.6×10^{-7} at 90% C. L. This result can be interpreted as a limit Λ_{NP}/g_{NP}^{2}>80 TeV on the energy scale Λ_{NP} divided by the coupling-squared g_{NP}^{2} of relevant new physics (NP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D X Lin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - S Middleton
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Oyang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R M Seddon
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Lin DX, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Search for Darkonium in e^{+}e^{-} Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:021802. [PMID: 35089770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Collider searches for dark sectors, new particles interacting only feebly with ordinary matter, have largely focused on identifying signatures of new mediators, leaving much of dark sector structures unexplored. In particular, the existence of dark matter bound states (darkonia) remains to be investigated. This possibility could arise in a simple model in which a dark photon (A^{'}) is light enough to generate an attractive force between dark fermions. We report herein a search for a J^{PC}=1^{--} darkonium state, the ϒ_{D}, produced in the reaction e^{+}e^{-}→γϒ_{D}, ϒ_{D}→A^{'}A^{'}A^{'}, where the dark photons subsequently decay into pairs of leptons or pions, using 514 fb^{-1} of data collected with the BABAR detector. No significant signal is observed, and we set bounds on the γ-A^{'} kinetic mixing as a function of the dark sector coupling constant for 0.001<m_{A^{'}}<3.16 GeV and 0.05<m_{ϒ_{D}}<9.5 GeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D X Lin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Oyang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu TH, Wang YC, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wu CY, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Preferred Treatment with Curative Intent for Left Lateral Segment Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma under the Era of Minimal Invasive Surgery. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010079. [PMID: 35055394 PMCID: PMC8779404 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring at the left lateral segment (LLS) is relatively susceptible to treatment with curative intent in terms of tumor location. However, outcomes might vary depending on the selection of treatment modalities. This study aimed to analyze patients who had undergone curative treatment for early HCC at LLS. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 179 patients who underwent curative treatment for early HCC at LLS was performed. Patients were grouped based on treatment modalities, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and liver resection (LR). The long-term outcomes of the two groups were compared. Additionally, the impact of the LR approach on patient outcomes was analyzed. Results: Among these patients, 60 received RFA and 119 underwent LR as primary treatment with curative intent. During follow-up, a significantly higher incidence of HCC recurrence was observed in the RFA group (37/60, 61.7%) than in the LR group (45/119, 37.8%) (p = 0.0025). The median time of HCC recurrence was 10.8 (range: 1.1–60.9 months) and 17.6 (range: 2.4–94.8 months) months in the RFA and LR groups, respectively. In addition, multivariate analysis showed that liver cirrhosis, multiple tumors, and RFA treatment were significant risk factors for HCC recurrence. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival rates in the RFA and LR groups were 96.4%, 92.2%, and 71.5% versus 97.3%, 93.6%, and 87.7%, respectively. (p = 0.047). Moreover, outcomes related to LR were comparable between laparoscopic and conventional open methods. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year recurrence free survival rates in the laparoscopic (n = 37) and conventional open (n = 82) LR groups were 94.1%, 82.0%, and 66.9% versus 86.1%, 74.6%, and 53.1%, respectively. (p = 0.506) Conclusion: Early HCC at LLS had satisfactory outcomes after curative treatment, in which LR seems to have a superior outcome, as compared to RFA treatment. Moreover, laparoscopic LR could be considered a preferential option in the era of minimally invasive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Chia-Ying Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 3366); Fax: +886-3-3285818
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-C.W.); (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hsu PJ, Hung HC, Lee CS, Pan KT, Lee JC, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC, Wu TJ. Reconstruction of Separated Intrahepatic Ducts Using the Cystic and Common Hepatic Ducts in Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: Experiences of Surgical Techniques, Biliary Complications, and Outcomes in a Single Institution. Ann Transplant 2021; 27:e934459. [PMID: 34983920 PMCID: PMC8744362 DOI: 10.12659/aot.934459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction has been increasingly used in living-donor liver transplantation. Information regarding dual duct-to-duct biliary anastomoses is limited. We present the largest case series to date on the use of the cystic and common hepatic ducts as dual-ductal anastomosis, along with long-term follow-up results. Material/Methods In this study, 740 patients underwent right-lobe living-donor liver transplantation; 56 of them were documented as dual-ductal anastomoses. We analyzed recipient and donor characteristics, surgical procedures, appearance of biliary complications, corresponding interventions, and long-term biliary outcomes. Results Cystic and common hepatic ducts were utilized in 56 cases of dual-ductal biliary reconstruction, which we categorized into 2 types: A (78.6%), in which the right anterior intrahepatic duct was anastomosed to the common hepatic duct and the right posterior intrahepatic duct to the cystic duct; and B (21.4%), which was the reverse of A. After a median follow-up period of 46.4 months, 23 patients (41.1%) experienced complications, including biliary leakage and biliary stricture. However, after aggressive intervention (patent biliary anastomosis in most of them), 50 of 56 patients (89.3%) had patent biliary anastomosis and restored normal liver function at the end of follow-up. A small graft (graft-to-recipient weight ratio <0.9%) was the only predictor of biliary complications after multivariate analysis. Conclusions Dual-ductal biliary reconstruction in adult right-lobe living-donor liver transplantation is challenging but feasible. Our findings support the use of the cystic duct for reconstruction in selected patients. Good long-term results can be achieved with adequate management of patients with biliary complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Hsu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Sung Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Tse Pan
- Department of Radiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee WC, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wu TH, Wang YC, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM. Quick preparation of ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation for acute liver failure. Clin Transplant 2021; 36:e14555. [PMID: 34874071 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver failure is life-threatening and has to be treated by liver transplantation urgently. When deceased donors or ABO-compatible living donors are not available, ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) becomes the only choice. How to prepare ABO-I LDLT urgently is an unsolved issue. A quick preparation regimen was designed, which was consisted of bortezomib (3.5mg) injection to deplete plasma cells and plasma exchange to achieve isoagglutinin titer ≤ 1: 64 just prior to liver transplantation and followed by rituximab (375mg/m2 ) on post-operative day one to deplete B-cells. Eight patients received this quick preparation regimen to undergo ABO-I LDLT for acute liver failure from 2012 to 2019. They aged between 50 and 60 years. The median MELD score was 39 with a range from 35 to 48. It took 4.75 ± 1.58 days to prepare such an urgent ABO-I LDLT. All the patients had successful liver transplantations, but one patient died of antibody-mediated rejection at post-operative month 6. The 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year graft/patient survival were 100%, 87.5%, and 75%, respectively. In conclusion, this quick preparation regimen can reduce isoagglutinin titers quickly and make timely ABO-I LDLT feasible for acute liver failure. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mustafa H, Cheng CH, Radzi R, Fong LS, Mustapha NM, Dyary HO. Induction of periodontal disease via retentive ligature, lipopolysaccharide injection, and their combination in a rat model. Pol J Vet Sci 2021; 24:365-373. [PMID: 34730299 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.138727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent, chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the periodontium that results in the periodontium and alveolar bone loss's progressive destruction. In this study, the induction of periodontal disease via retentive ligature, lipopolysaccharide, and their combination at three different times were compared in a rat model. Seventy-two Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into four treatment groups: 1) control group with no treatment; 2) application of 4/0 nylon ligature around second maxillary molars; 3) combination of ligature and LPS injection (ligature-LPS); 4) intragingival injection of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) to the palatal mucosa of the second maxillary molars. Six rats were sacrificed from each group after 7, 14, and 30 days of periodontal disease induction. Alveolar bone loss, attachment loss, number of inflammatory cells, and blood vessels were evaluated histologically. A micro-CT scan was used as a parameter to know the rate of alveolar bone loss. Parametric data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction with a significance set at 5%. Non-parametric data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, followed by multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. The histological results revealed significant destructive changes in the periodontal tissues and alveolar bone following the ligature and ligature-LPS induction techniques. These changes were evident as early as seven days, maintained until 14 days post-treatment, and declined with time. The ligature technique was effective in inducing acute periodontal disease. The LPS injection technique did not induce alveolar bone loss, and its combination to ligature added insignificant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mustafa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - C H Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Radzi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - L S Fong
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N M Mustapha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H O Dyary
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang YC, Lee JC, Wu TH, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Improving outcomes of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with portal vein tumor thrombosis over the evolving eras of treatment. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:313. [PMID: 34702312 PMCID: PMC8546954 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcomes and management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have undergone several evolutionary changes. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of patients who had undergone liver resection for HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in terms of the evolving era of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 157 patients who had undergone liver resection for HCC associated with PVTT was performed. The outcomes and prognostic factors related to different eras were further examined. RESULTS Overall, 129 (82.1%) patients encountered HCC recurrence after liver resection, and the median time of recurrence was 4.1 months. Maximum tumor size ≥ 5 cm and PVTT in the main portal trunk were identified as the major prognostic factors influencing HCC recurrence after liver resection. Although the recurrence-free survival had no statistical difference between the two eras, the overall survival of patients in the second era was significantly better than that of the patients in the first era (p = 0.004). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates of patients in the second era were 60.0%, 45.7%, and 35.8%, respectively, with a median survival time of 19.6 months. CONCLUSION The outcomes of HCC associated with PVTT remain unsatisfactory because of a high incidence of tumor recurrence even after curative resection. Although the management and outcomes of patients with HCC and PVTT have greatly improved over the years, surgical resection remains an option to achieve a potential cure of HCC in well-selected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu HH, Wang ZJ, Cheng CH, Wang J, Wang QJ, Chen R. [Effects of daytime hypercapnia on logical memory and working memory in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:873-879. [PMID: 34565113 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210210-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of daytime hypercapnia on logical memory and working memory in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: This prospective study recruited patients complaining of snoring and diagnosed with OSAHS at the Sleep Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to November 2020. Patients were assessed clinically and scored for their memory function. All patients underwent daytime transcutaneous carbon dioxide (PtcCO2) test, and overnight polysomnography (PSG). Logical memory was scored using the Logical Memory Test (LMT), while working memory was evaluated by Digit Span Test (DST) and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) which included Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM), Spatial Span (SSP), and Spatial Working Memory (SWM). Patients were divided into the normocapnic group and the hypercapnic group using the daytime PtcCO2 test. The clinical and PSG parameters and the memory test scores between the two groups were compared. Binary logistic stepwise regression was conducted to identify risk factors of memory impairment in OSAHS patients. Results: Among the 123 enrolled OSAHS patients, 79 were normocapnic and 44 were hypercapnic. There was no significant difference in the general clinical parameters between the two groups. The snoring history in years in the hypercapnic group was longer than that in the normocapnic group (P<0.05). Compared with the normocapnic group, the apnea-hyponea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and percentage of total sleep time with oxygen saturation level<90% (TS90) of the hypercapnic group were higher (all P<0.05), while other PSG parameters exhibited no statistically significant differences. There was no statistically significant difference in the immediate logical memory and PRM immediate accuracy rate between the two groups, while the delayed logical memory, verbal and spatial working memory, and executive function were worse in the hypercapnic group, as shown by lower total LMT scores, lower DST, lower SSP scores (all P<0.05), and higher between errors and strategy scores (P<0.01) of SWM in the hypercapnic group. Binary logistic stepwise regression showed that PtcCO2 ≥45 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, OR=3.055, 95%CI 1.359-6.868, P=0.007) and higher body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.132, 95%CI 1.005-1.275, P=0.041) were risk factors for poor performance in Digit Span Backwards Test. Therefore, PtcCO2 ≥45 mmHg was an independent risk factors for poor performance in delayed LMT, SSP, and between errors and strategy scores in SWM (OR=3.109, 3.941, 3.238 and 2.785, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypercapnia had negative impacts on logical memory and working memory of OSAHS patients, especially on the delayed logical memory, verbal working memory and spatial working memory impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H H Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Z J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Q J Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chan KM, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wu TH, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. A review of split liver transplantation with full right/left hemi-liver grafts for 2 adult recipients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27369. [PMID: 34596151 PMCID: PMC8483827 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation has become a routine operation in many transplantation centers worldwide. However, liver graft availability fails to meet patient demands. Split liver transplantation (SPLT), which divides a deceased donor liver into 2 partial liver grafts, is a promising strategy for increasing graft availability for transplantation and ameliorating organ shortage to a certain degree. However, the transplantation community has not yet reached a consensus on SPLT because of the variable results. Specifically, SPLT for 2 adult recipients using full right/left hemi-liver grafts is clinically more challenging in terms of surgical technique and potential postoperative complications. Therefore, this review summarizes the current status of SPLT, focusing on the transplantation of adult recipients. Furthermore, the initiation of the SPLT program, donor allocation, surgical aspects, recipient outcomes, and obstacles to developing this procedure will be thoroughly discussed. This information might help provide an optimal strategy for implementing SPLT for 2 adult recipients among current transplantation societies. Meanwhile, potential obstacles to SPLT might be overcome in the near future with growing knowledge, experience, and refinement of surgical techniques. Ultimately, the widespread diffusion of SPLT may increase graft availability and mitigate organ donation shortages.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee WC, Wang YC, Hsu HY, Hsu PY, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chan KM. Immunological discrepancy in aged mice facilitates skin allograft survival. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16219-16228. [PMID: 34157682 PMCID: PMC8266325 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
More and more aged people are undergoing organ transplantation. Understanding aging effects on immunity will be helpful for post-transplantation care and adjustment of immunosuppressants for aged recipients. A mouse model, using C3H mice as donors and aged/young C57BL/10J mice as recipients, was employed to study aging effects on immunity. The results showed that frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and level of TGF-β was higher in aged mice than in young mice (4.4 ± 1.4% versus 1.6 ± 1.1%, p = 0.026 for MDSC; 21.04 ± 3.91 ng/ml versus 15.26 ± 5.01 ng/ml, p = 0.026 for TGF-β). In vivo, skin allograft survived longer on the aged than on young mice (19.7 ± 5.2 days versus 11.9 ± 4.1 days, p = 0.005). When entinostat was applied to block MDSC, the survival of skin allografts on aged mice was shorten to 13.5 ± 4.7 days which was not different from the survival on young mice (p = 0.359). In conclusion, allogeneic immunity was different in aged from young mice in high frequency of MDSC and high serum level of TGF-β. Blocking the function of MDSC reversed the low immunity in aged mice and caused skin allograft rejection similar to young recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ying Hsu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yueh Hsu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Lin DX, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sibidanov A, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Precision Measurement of the Ratio B(ϒ(3S)→τ^{+}τ^{-})/B(ϒ(3S)→μ^{+}μ^{-}). Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:241801. [PMID: 33412062 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.241801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on a precision measurement of the ratio R_{τμ}^{ϒ(3S)}=B(ϒ(3S)→τ^{+}τ^{-})/B(ϒ(3S)→μ^{+}μ^{-}) using data collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e^{+}e^{-} collider. The measurement is based on a 28 fb^{-1} data sample collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.355 GeV corresponding to a sample of 122 million ϒ(3S) mesons. The ratio is measured to be R_{τμ}^{ϒ(3S)}=0.966±0.008_{stat}±0.014_{syst} and is in agreement with the standard model prediction of 0.9948 within 2 standard deviations. The uncertainty in R_{τμ}^{ϒ(3S)} is almost an order of magnitude smaller than the only previous measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D X Lin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Oyang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Sibidanov
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hung HC, Hsu PJ, Lee JC, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC, Lee CF. Plasma cytomegalovirus DNA load predicts outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2020; 9:134-143. [PMID: 33145985 PMCID: PMC7860522 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has a significant negative impact on liver transplant (LT) recipients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of real‐time DNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the early detection of CMV and predicting post‐transplant outcomes. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study that enrolled a total of 49 adult LT recipients between December 2016 and October 2019. Serial CMV qPCR were tested weekly. We used operating characteristic curve analysis to quantify qPCR replication numbers to decide the optimal threshold to predict posttransplant complications and overall survival. Results The optimal cut‐off value of 180 copies/ml (=164 IU/ml) was determined. We had 40 patients in the low qPCR group (<180 copies/ml) and nine patients in the high qPCR group (≥180 copies/ml). Higher qPCR was associated with more severe CMV disease, early allograft dysfunction, major posttransplant complications, longer ICU stays, and lower 2‐year overall survival (OS; all p < .05). In the univariate logistic regression model, persistent DNAemia ≥ 4 weeks after anti‐CMV treatment, coexisted bacterial and/or fungal infection, and high CMV qPCR ≥ 180 copies/ml with p < .100. High CMV qPCR ≥ 180 copies/ml (p = .016; hazard ratio [HR] = 19.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73–219.49) remained to be the only independent risk factors for major complication by the multivariate analysis. The overall 2‐year OS rates were 92.5% and 66.7% in the low and the high qPCR group, respectively (p = .030). Conclusion Our findings support evidence that qPCR is effective in detecting CMV infection provides an objective perspective in predicting posttransplant outcomes. High plasma CMV DNA load (defined as CMV qPCR ≥ 180 copies/ml or 164 IU/ml) not only indicates a hazard in developing major posttransplant complications but also associates with prolonged and refractory treatment courses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Hsu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Lin DX, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Oyang J, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Search for a Dark Leptophilic Scalar in e^{+}e^{-} Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:181801. [PMID: 33196250 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many scenarios of physics beyond the standard model predict the existence of new gauge singlets, which might be substantially lighter than the weak scale. The experimental constraints on additional scalars with masses in the MeV to GeV range could be significantly weakened if they interact predominantly with leptons rather than quarks. At an e^{+}e^{-} collider, such a leptophilic scalar (ϕ_{L}) would be produced predominantly through radiation from a τ lepton. We report herein a search for e^{+}e^{-}→τ^{+}τ^{-}ϕ_{L}, ϕ_{L}→ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} (ℓ=e, μ) using data collected by the BABAR experiment at SLAC. No significant signal is observed, and we set limits on the ϕ_{L} coupling to leptons in the range 0.04<m_{ϕ_{L}}<7.0 GeV. These bounds significantly improve upon the current constraints, excluding almost entirely the parameter space favored by the observed discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment below 4 GeV at 90% confidence level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D X Lin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Oyang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee WC, Hung HC, Lee JC, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM. Treatment strategy of adding transcatheter arterial chemoembolization to sorafenib for advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 4:e1294. [PMID: 33048465 PMCID: PMC7941557 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic effect and immunosuppressor cell alteration in adding transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) to sorafenib for advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Aims To examine the therapeutic effect and immunosuppressor cell alteration in adding TACE to sorafenib. Methods Forty‐four advanced stage HCC patients were divided into group A (n = 17) treated by sorafenib (400‐600 mg/day) alone and group B patients (n = 27) treated by sorafenib and TACE. The frequency of regulatory T‐cells and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and patients' outcomes were examined. Advanced HCC patients' survival was improved by adding TACE to sorafenib if N/L was reduced from ≥2.5 to <2.5 by TACE. Results The median (interquartile) follow‐up for all patients was 8.5 (3.5 to 15.5) with a range from 1 to 71 months. The median (interquartile) survival was 5.0 (2.3‐11.3) months for group A and 11.0 (5.0‐19.0) months for group B patients (P = .024). In group A, the patients (n = 8) with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocytes ratio (N/L) < 2.5 had better survival than the patients (n = 9) with N/L ≥ 2.5 (P = .006). In group B, 6 of 13 patients with N/L ≥ 2.5 had N/L reduction to <2.5 after combination therapy of sorafenib and TACE, and their 6‐month, 1‐year and 2‐year survival were improved (P = .013). For immune cell examination, the frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T‐lymphocytes, regulatory T‐cell and MDSC were not altered by sorafenib treatment. However, actual number of lymphocytes had a tendency to increase (from 978.5 ± 319.4/mm3 prior to treatment to 1378.0 ± 403.3/mm3, P = .086) for the patients with N/L reduction. Conclusion Immunosuppressor cells were not altered by sorafeinb. Patients' survival was improved if N/L ≥ 2.5 was reduced to <2.5 by TACE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cheng CH, Chow CL, Chow WK. Trajectories of large respiratory droplets in indoor environment: A simplified approach. Build Environ 2020; 183:107196. [PMID: 32836704 PMCID: PMC7431329 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent pandemic of COVID-19 has brought about tremendous impact on every aspect of human activities all over the world. The main route of transmission is believed to be through coronavirus-bearing respiratory droplets. The respiratory droplets have a wide spectrum in droplet size, ranging from very small droplets (aerosol droplets) to large droplets of tens and even hundreds of μm in size. The large droplets are expected to move like projectiles under the action of gravity force, buoyancy force and air resistance. Droplet motion is complicated by droplet evaporation, which reduces droplet size in its trajectory and affects the force acting on it. The present work attempts to determine the trajectories of the large droplets by using a simplified single-droplet approach. It aims at providing a clear physical picture to elucidate the mechanics involved in single droplet motion and the various factors affecting the range. Assuming an indoor environment with an air temperature of 18 °C and relative humidity of 50%, the horizontal rangeL x of large respiratory droplets (diameter 120 μm-200 μm) in common respiratory activities are as follows: Speaking,L x ≈ 0.16 m-0.68 m, coughing,L x ≈ 0.58 m-1.09 m, and sneezing,L x ≈ 1.34 m-2.76 m. For the smaller droplets (diameter < 100 μm), the droplets are reduced to aerosol droplets (≤5 μm) due to evaporation, and will remain suspended in the air instead of falling onto the ground like a projectile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Cheng
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C L Chow
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W K Chow
- Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee CF, Cheng CH, Hung HC, Chan KM, Lee WC. Targeting glutamine metabolism as an effective means to promote allograft acceptance while inhibit tumor growth. Transpl Immunol 2020; 63:101336. [PMID: 32937197 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2020.101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently the role of metabolic signaling pathways has emerged as playing a critical role in dictating the outcome of T cell responses. The uptake and metabolism of the amino acid glutamine is essential for effector T cell activation. Since the growth and expansion of tumor cells relies on similar anabolic and metabolic requirements, we hypothesized that glutamine blockage might represent a promising strategy to promote allograft survival while inhibit tumor growth. 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) was used as a glutamine antagonist. First, an in vitro study of T cell proliferation was performed to examine the ability of glutamine antagonism to inhibit T cell proliferation. Then we investigated whether DON could prolong allograft survival and inhibit tumor growth by using a fully MHC-mismatched mice full thickness skin transplantation model and a mice TC-1 tumor-bearing model. The proliferation study demonstrated that DON inhibited effector T cells proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. We found a marked prolonged graft median survival time and significant tumor inhibition for mice that received DON compared to those that received no treatment. These results highlight that targeting glutamine metabolism can promote allograft acceptance in a long tumor-free period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lai Y, Lee JC, Hung HC, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Models to predict disease-free survival for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with surgical resections. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:1444-1452. [PMID: 32875573 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Precise prognostic prediction for an individual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient before and after liver resection is important. We aimed to establish simple prognostic models to predict disease-free survival (DFS) for these patients. METHODS Six hundred and ninety-eight HCC patients with liver resections were reviewed. Preoperative (model 1) and postoperative (model 2) nomogram-based scoring systems were constructed by multivariate analyses, and DFS was estimated. RESULTS Among 698 patients, 490 (70.2%) patients had tumor recurrence at a median follow-up of 84.4 months. Risk factors of tumor recurrence in model 1 included viral hepatitis, platelet count, albumin, indocyanine green retention rate, multiplicity of tumor, and radiologic total tumor volume (TTV). Prognostic variables identified in model 2 were viral hepatitis, platelet count, multiplicity of tumor, cirrhosis, microvascular invasion, and pathologic TTV. By nomogram in model 1, the patients were classified into three groups with 5-year DFS of 61.0%, 35.7%, and 21.1%, respectively (P < .0001). In model 2, the patients were divided into five groups with 5-year DFS of 58.0%, 43.7%, 24.0%, 15.4%, and 0.0%, respectively (P < .0001). CONCLUSION Based on nomogram models, DFS for the patients who had liver resection for HCC can be predicted before liver resection and re-assessed after liver resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cheng CH, Lin GR. Si-QD Synthesis for Visible Light Emission, Color Conversion, and Optical Switching. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13163635. [PMID: 32824466 PMCID: PMC7475964 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the developing progress on the synthesis of the silicon quantum dots (Si-QDs) via the different methods including electrochemical porous Si, Si ion implantation, and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and exploring their featured applications for light emitting diode (LED), color-converted phosphors, and waveguide switching devices. The characteristic parameters of Si-QD LED via different syntheses are summarized for discussion. At first, the photoluminescence spectra of Si-QD and accompanied defects are analyzed to distinguish from each other. Next, the synthesis of porous Si and the performances of porous Si LED reported from different previous works are compared in detail. Later on, the Si-QD implantation in silicide (SiX) dielectric films developed to solve the instability of porous Si and their electroluminescent performances are also summarized for realizing the effect of host matrix to increase the emission quantum efficiency. As the Si-ion implantation still generates numerous defects in host matrix owing to physical bombardment, the PECVD method has emerged as the main-stream methodology for synthesizing Si-QD in SiX semiconductor or dielectric layer. This method effectively suppresses the structural matrix imperfection so as to enhance the external quantum efficiency of the Si-QD LED. With mature synthesis technology, Si-QD has been comprehensively utilized not only for visible light emission but also for color conversion and optical switching applications in future academia and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- NTU-Tektronix Joint Research Center, National Taiwan University and Tektronix Inc., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Ru Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- NTU-Tektronix Joint Research Center, National Taiwan University and Tektronix Inc., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-3366-3700-6519
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wang YC, Wu TH, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. ABO-Incompatible Liver Transplantation: State of Art and Future Perspectives. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3406-3417. [PMID: 32370710 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200506094539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) liver transplantation (LT) has been limited due to the increased rate of complications, including severe cellular and antibody-mediated rejection, hepatic necrosis, hepatic artery thrombosis, and biliary complications. However, several strategies for reducing preformed anti-donor ABO antibodies and B cell desensitization have improved the outcomes of ABO-I LT. As a result, ABO-I LT has become a routine procedure and is a feasible option in countries with a scarce deceased-organ donation or in cases without an available compatible organ donor. In this review, we describe past and present desensitizing protocols as well as emergent therapies for depleting B cell and anti-ABO antibodies with the objective of identifying approaches that could lead to new, refined strategies for maximizing the results of ABO-I LT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cheng CH, Lee CF, Oh BC, Furtmüller GJ, Patel CH, Brandacher G, Powell JD. Targeting Metabolism as a Platform for Inducing Allograft Tolerance in the Absence of Long-Term Immunosuppression. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572. [PMID: 32328063 PMCID: PMC7161684 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplant tolerance in the absence of long-term immunosuppression has been an elusive goal for solid organ transplantation. Recently, it has become clear that metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in promoting T cell activation, differentiation, and function. Targeting metabolism can preferentially inhibit T cell effector generation while simultaneously promoting the generation of T regulatory cells. We hypothesized that costimulatory blockade with CTLA4Ig in combination with targeting T cell metabolism might provide a novel platform to promote the induction of transplant tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Sidney∼Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Sidney∼Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Byoung Chol Oh
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Georg J Furtmüller
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chirag H Patel
- Sidney∼Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- Sidney∼Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hung HC, Lee JC, Cheng CH, Wang YC, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Protein S for Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients Waiting for Liver Transplantation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041181. [PMID: 32326024 PMCID: PMC7230503 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal vein thrombus (PVT) is a challenge in liver transplantation. How PVT develops in cirrhotic patients who already have coagulopathy is unclear. This study aimed to investigate possible contributing factors to PVT in cirrhotic patients. A total of 349 cirrhotic patients who waited liver transplantation were included in this study and 48 of them had PVT. For all the patients, the mean age was 53.5 ± 9.0 year old, and 75.9% of the patients were male. There were 233 (66.8%) patients who had either hepatitis B or C. The mean Model For End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 16.4 ± 7.5. Eighteen of 48 patients with PVT and 145 of 301 patients without PVT received liver transplantation. Multivariate analysis showed that low protein S level (hazard ratio = 2.46, p = 0.017) was the only independent risk factor for PVT development. Protein S deficiency also demonstrated prognostic value on short-term survival, not only for cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplantation (69.9% versus 84.1% at 1 year survival, p = 0.012), but also for the patients having liver transplantation (70.4% versus 84.8% at 1 year survival, p = 0.047). In conclusion, protein S level was an independent risk factor for PVT development in decompensated cirrhotic patients, and protein S deficiency was also a prognostic factor for the patients waiting for liver transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chien Hung
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Jin-Chiao Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (J.-C.L.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-C.W.); (T.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (T.-J.W.); (H.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.)
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 3366); Fax: +886-3-3285818
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Measurements of the Absolute Branching Fractions of B^{±}→K^{±}X_{cc[over ¯]}. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:152001. [PMID: 32357020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.152001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A study of the two-body decays B^{±}→X_{cc[over ¯]}K^{±}, where X_{cc[over ¯]} refers to one charmonium state, is reported by the BABAR Collaboration using a data sample of 424 fb^{-1}. The absolute determination of branching fractions for these decays are significantly improved compared to previous BABAR measurements. Evidence is found for the decay B^{+}→X(3872)K^{+} at the 3σ level. The absolute branching fraction B[B^{+}→X(3872)K^{+}]=[2.1±0.6(stat)±0.3(syst)]×10^{-4} is measured for the first time. It follows that B[X(3872)→J/ψπ^{+}π^{-}]=(4.1±1.3)%, supporting the hypothesis of a molecular component for this resonance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lee WC, Lee CS, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Lee CF. Portal flow in acute hepatitis B flare in non-cirrhotic patients. Hepatol Int 2020; 14:296-297. [PMID: 32201909 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Song Lee
- Department of Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Cheaib R, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Shuve BJ, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Search for Rare or Forbidden Decays of the D^{0} Meson. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:071802. [PMID: 32142319 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.071802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a search for nine lepton-number-violating and three lepton-flavor-violating neutral charm decays of the type D^{0}→h^{'-}h^{-}ℓ^{'+}ℓ^{+} and D^{0}→h^{'-}h^{+}ℓ^{'±}ℓ^{∓}, where h and h^{'} represent a K or π meson and ℓ and ℓ^{'} an electron or muon. The analysis is based on 468 fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected at or close to the ϒ(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. No significant signal is observed for any of the twelve modes, and we establish 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions in the range (1.0-30.6)×10^{-7}. The limits are between 1 and 3 orders of magnitude more stringent than previous measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Cheaib
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - B J Shuve
- Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Davier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chan KM, Wu TH, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. Inferior Outcomes Associated with the Coexistence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence and Hepatic Virus Reinfection After Living Donor Liver Transplantation. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24:353-360. [PMID: 30719678 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic viral hepatitis remains a major etiology of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation has been considered an effective treatment for this condition. This study aims to analyze living donor liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with hepatitis virus status. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 268 patients who received living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma was performed. Patients were analyzed according to their serologic status of hepatitis virus; clinicopathologic features, operative parameters, and outcomes were also assessed and compared. RESULTS Twenty-three patients (8.6%) had hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence following liver transplantation; the most common pattern of recurrence was systemic spreading (n = 10). Hepatitis B virus relapse was encountered in 41 out of 188 patients (21.8%) with hepatitis B virus-positive, and hepatitis C virus reactivation was noted in 48 (60.8%) patients among 79 hepatitis C virus-positive patients. Incidence of hepatitis C virus reactivation was significantly higher than that of hepatitis B virus relapse (p < 0.0001). Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and overall survival were not significantly different in relation to hepatitis virus; however, patients who had hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence combined with hepatitis virus reinfection had the significantly lowest survival rate compared with other groups (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Living donor liver transplantation based on expanded hepatocellular carcinoma criteria achieved a satisfactory result, but reinfection of hepatic virus remains a great concern particularly in patient with hepatitis C. Moreover, hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence accompanied with reinfection of hepatic virus after liver transplantation is associated with inferior outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery & Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wu TH, Wang YC, Cheng CH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Outcomes associated with the intention of loco-regional therapy prior to living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 12:17-27. [PMID: 31984121 PMCID: PMC6943093 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loco-regional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the period awaiting liver transplantation (LT) appears to be a logical approach to reduce the risk of tumor progression and dropout in the waitlist. Living donor LT (LDLT) offers a flexible timing for transplantation providing timeframe for well preparation of transplantation.
AIM To investigate outcomes in relation to the intention of pre-transplantation loco-regional therapy in LDLT for HCC patients.
METHODS A total of 308 consecutive patients undergoing LDLTs for HCC between August 2004 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped according to the intention of loco-regional therapy prior to LT, and outcomes of patients were analyzed and compared between groups.
RESULTS Overall, 38 patients (12.3%) were detected with HCC recurrence during the follow-up period after LDLT. Patients who were radiologically beyond the University of California at San Francisco criteria and received loco-regional therapy as down-staging therapy had significant inferior outcomes to other groups for both recurrence-free survival (RFS, P < 0.0005) and overall survival (P = 0.046). Moreover, patients with defined profound tumor necrosis (TN) by loco-regional therapy had a superior RFS (5-year of 93.8%) as compared with others (P = 0.010).
CONCLUSION LDLT features a flexible timely transplantation for patient with HCC. However, the loco-regional therapy prior to LDLT does not seem to provide benefit unless a certain effect in terms of profound TN is noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Organs Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyun 33305, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery and Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen YL, Liou GL, Hsu HH, Chen PC, Zheng ZW, Wu YH, Cheng CH, Liu CH, Chung LH. Low-Voltage Metal-Oxide Thin Film Transistors Using P-Type Tin-Oxide Semiconductors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2019; 19:5619-5623. [PMID: 30961716 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of channel annealing and oxygen flow rate in P-type tin-monoxide (SnO) thin film transistor (TFT) was investigated to reach the process compatibility with n-type oxide-based TFT. The optimized P-type SnO TFT with a small threshold voltage of -0.1 V, a high field-effect mobility of 4 cm² V-1 s-1 and an on/off current ratio of >10² was proposed. From the experimental results, the 150 °C channel annealing revealed a metallic behavior but a semiconductor-like property at a higher 200 °C that was favorable for transistor rectification. Besides, the higher oxygen flow rate was also helpful for improving device mobility and driving current, but shows a slight increase in off-state leakage, which is unavoidable due to the increase of grain in SnO channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Chen
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - G L Liou
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - H H Hsu
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - P C Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Z W Zheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Y H Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - C H Liu
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - L H Chung
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lees JP, Poireau V, Tisserand V, Grauges E, Palano A, Eigen G, Brown DN, Kolomensky YG, Fritsch M, Koch H, Schroeder T, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, So RY, Blinov VE, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Kozyrev EA, Kravchenko EA, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Lankford AJ, Dey B, Gary JW, Long O, Eisner AM, Lockman WS, Panduro Vazquez W, Chao DS, Cheng CH, Echenard B, Flood KT, Hitlin DG, Kim J, Li Y, Miyashita TS, Ongmongkolkul P, Porter FC, Röhrken M, Huard Z, Meadows BT, Pushpawela BG, Sokoloff MD, Sun L, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Bernard D, Verderi M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Garzia I, Luppi E, Santoro V, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Martellotti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rotondo M, Zallo A, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Lacker HM, Bhuyan B, Mallik U, Chen C, Cochran J, Prell S, Gritsan AV, Arnaud N, Davier M, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Coleman JP, Gabathuler E, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Cowan G, Banerjee S, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Gradl W, Griessinger K, Hafner A, Schubert KR, Barlow RJ, Lafferty GD, Cenci R, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Cowan R, Robertson SH, Seddon RM, Neri N, Palombo F, Cheaib R, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Summers DJ, Taras P, De Nardo G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Jessop CP, LoSecco JM, Honscheid K, Kass R, Gaz A, Margoni M, Posocco M, Simi G, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Akar S, Ben-Haim E, Bomben M, Bonneaud GR, Calderini G, Chauveau J, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Biasini M, Manoni E, Rossi A, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Casarosa G, Chrzaszcz M, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Oberhof B, Paoloni E, Rama M, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Zani L, Smith AJS, Anulli F, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Pilloni A, Piredda G, Bünger C, Dittrich S, Grünberg O, Heß M, Leddig T, Voß C, Waldi R, Adye T, Wilson FF, Emery S, Vasseur G, Aston D, Cartaro C, Convery MR, Dorfan J, Dunwoodie W, Ebert M, Field RC, Fulsom BG, Graham MT, Hast C, Innes WR, Kim P, Leith DWGS, Luitz S, MacFarlane DB, Muller DR, Neal H, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Sullivan MK, Va'vra J, Wisniewski WJ, Purohit MV, Wilson JR, Randle-Conde A, Sekula SJ, Ahmed H, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Puccio EMT, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Gorodeisky R, Guttman N, Peimer DR, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Ritchie JL, Schwitters RF, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, De Mori F, Filippi A, Gamba D, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Martinez-Vidal F, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Beaulieu A, Bernlochner FU, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lueck T, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Tasneem N, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Latham TE, Prepost R, Wu SL. Extraction of form Factors from a Four-Dimensional Angular Analysis of B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{ℓ}. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:091801. [PMID: 31524470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An angular analysis of the decay B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{ℓ}, ℓ∈{e,μ}, is reported using the full e^{+}e^{-} collision data set collected by the BABAR experiment at the ϒ(4S) resonance. One B meson from the ϒ(4S)→BB[over ¯] decay is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, which constrains the kinematics and provides a determination of the neutrino momentum vector. The kinematics of the semileptonic decay is described by the dilepton mass squared, q^{2}, and three angles. The first unbinned fit to the full four-dimensional decay rate in the standard model is performed in the so-called Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed approach, which employs a generic q^{2} parametrization of the underlying form factors based on crossing symmetry, analyticity, and QCD dispersion relations for the amplitudes. A fit using the more model-dependent Caprini-Lellouch-Neubert (CLN) approach is performed as well. Our form factor shapes show deviations from previous fits based on the CLN parametrization. The latest form factors also provide an updated prediction for the branching fraction ratio R(D^{*})≡B(B[over ¯]→D^{*}τ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{τ})/B(B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{ℓ})=0.253±0.005. Finally, using the well-measured branching fraction for the B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{ℓ} decay, a value of |V_{cb}|=(38.36±0.90)×10^{-3} is obtained that is consistent with the current world average for exclusive B[over ¯]→D^{(*)}ℓ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{ℓ} decays and remains in tension with the determination from inclusive semileptonic B decays to final states with charm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - V Tisserand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
| | - E Grauges
- Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Fisica, Departament ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Eigen
- University of Bergen, Institute of Physics, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - D N Brown
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu G Kolomensky
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Fritsch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H Koch
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Ruhr Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Hearty
- Institute of Particle Physics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - T S Mattison
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - J A McKenna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - R Y So
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - V E Blinov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - A R Buzykaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V P Druzhinin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V B Golubev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kozyrev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E A Kravchenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A P Onuchin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia
| | - S I Serednyakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu I Skovpen
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - E P Solodov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - K Yu Todyshev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - A J Lankford
- University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Dey
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J W Gary
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - O Long
- University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A M Eisner
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W S Lockman
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W Panduro Vazquez
- University of California at Santa Cruz, Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - D S Chao
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Cheng
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B Echenard
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K T Flood
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D G Hitlin
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Kim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Li
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T S Miyashita
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Ongmongkolkul
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - F C Porter
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Röhrken
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Z Huard
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B T Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | | | - M D Sokoloff
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - L Sun
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - J G Smith
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S R Wagner
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Bernard
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Verderi
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Calabrese
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Fioravanti
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Santoro
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R de Sangro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Finocchiaro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Martellotti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - I M Peruzzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Piccolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Passaggio
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - H M Lacker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781 039, India
| | - U Mallik
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Cochran
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Prell
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A V Gritsan
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - N Arnaud
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre Scientifique d'Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M Davier
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre Scientifique d'Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - F Le Diberder
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre Scientifique d'Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - A M Lutz
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre Scientifique d'Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - G Wormser
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11, Centre Scientifique d'Orsay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - D J Lange
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D M Wright
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - E Gabathuler
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D E Hutchcroft
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D J Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A J Bevan
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G Cowan
- University of London, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - Sw Banerjee
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - D N Brown
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C L Davis
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - A G Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Griessinger
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Hafner
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K R Schubert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R J Barlow
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G D Lafferty
- University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cenci
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D A Roberts
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Cowan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S H Robertson
- Institute of Particle Physics, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - R M Seddon
- McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Palombo
- INFN Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - R Cheaib
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - L Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - R Godang
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - D J Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P Taras
- Université de Montréal, Physique des Particules, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - G De Nardo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Sciacca
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Raven
- NIKHEF, National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C P Jessop
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J M LoSecco
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Kass
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Gaz
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Margoni
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Posocco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Simi
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Simonetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Stroili
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Akar
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - E Ben-Haim
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Bomben
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G R Bonneaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Calderini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - G Marchiori
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Ocariz
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Université Denis Diderot-Paris7, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M Biasini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Manoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Bettarini
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Casarosa
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - F Forti
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M A Giorgi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Oberhof
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Zani
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A J S Smith
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Anulli
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - F Ferroni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Piredda
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bünger
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - S Dittrich
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O Grünberg
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Heß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Leddig
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - C Voß
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Waldi
- Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Adye
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Aston
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M R Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Dorfan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W Dunwoodie
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M Ebert
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - R C Field
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B G Fulsom
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M T Graham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W R Innes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D W G S Leith
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D B MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - D R Muller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - H Neal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - A Roodman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M K Sullivan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309 USA
| | - M V Purohit
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J R Wilson
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - S J Sekula
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - H Ahmed
- St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5
| | - M Bellis
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P R Burchat
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E M T Puccio
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M S Alam
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - J A Ernst
- State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - R Gorodeisky
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - N Guttman
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - D R Peimer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - A Soffer
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - S M Spanier
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - J M Izen
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - X C Lou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75083, USA
| | - F Bianchi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gamba
- INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Lanceri
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Vitale
- INFN Sezione di Trieste and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - A Oyanguren
- IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Albert
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - A Beaulieu
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - F U Bernlochner
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - G J King
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R Kowalewski
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T Lueck
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - I M Nugent
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - J M Roney
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - R J Sobie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - N Tasneem
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
| | - T J Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - P F Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - T E Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - R Prepost
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S L Wu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chan KM, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. Salvage living donor liver transplantation for posthepatectomy recurrence: a higher incidence of recurrence but promising strategy for long-term survival. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7295-7305. [PMID: 31447587 PMCID: PMC6684549 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s215732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The scarcity of deceased donor organ donation has led to increasing utilization of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), which is an optimal treatment for cirrhosis associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study thus aims to analyze prognostic factors and beneficial effects of LDLT for patients with HCC. Methods All patients who underwent LDLT for HCC were included in this study. A multivariate analysis of patients’ clinicopathologic parameters was performed to determine prognostic factors. Subsequently, the type of LDLT was further analyzed and compared based on the result of multivariate analysis. Results Overall, 36 (11.9%) of 303 patients were identified as having HCC recurrence after LDLT. Salvage LDLT (sLDLT) defined by liver transplantation for those patients with recurrent HCC after primary liver resection (LR) was identified as the major prognostic factor of HCC recurrence following the transplantation (HR=2.49 [1.12–5.54], p=0.025). The HCC recurrence incidence and recurrence-free survival after LDLT were significantly inferior in the salvage group than the other group. The pre-transplantation factors were further evaluated and resulted in only maximum tumour size ≥5 cm at primary LR(HR=10.79 [2.10–55.43], p=0.004) affecting post-transplantation HCC recurrence in those patients who had been performed sLDLT. However, patients receiving salvage LDLT had 5- and 10-year overall survival of 86.7% and 52.9%, respectively, measured from the time of initial HCC diagnosis. Conclusion Overall, LDLT achieves a satisfactory result with low incidence of HCC recurrence based on certain transplantation criteria. Despite the higher incidence of HCC recurrence after sLDLT, it remains a promising strategy to improve long-term outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Asymptomatic emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease. Diabetes mellitus is the most recognised risk factor. Aim of this case report is to review evidence of emphysematous pyelonephritis to identify risk factors and treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amh Yeung
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Psk Chu
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C W Man
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H Chau
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chan KM, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. "Left at right" liver transplantation with heterotopic implantation of left liver graft in the right subphrenic space: Reappraisal and technical concerns for decision making. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16415. [PMID: 31305458 PMCID: PMC6641801 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional orthotopic implantation of left liver grafts is technically demanding and requires consideration of limited space and vascular complications. The study proposed a modified approach termed "left at right" liver transplantation (LAR-LT), wherein left liver grafts were rotated and implanted in right subphrenic spaces. The selection of recipients for this approach is based on the measurement of the right subphrenic space width and left liver graft length, in which a rotated left liver graft could be comfortably placed in the right subphrenic space. A total of 36 recipients who had undergone LAR-LT between July 2006 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. None of recipients died of complications related to this approach immediately after operation. All grafts showed remarkable increment in liver volume and bi-directional regeneration to fit well within the right abdominal cavity. Meanwhile, the alignment of the biliary tree in LAR-LT is quite straight, making no difficulty in both anastomosis during operation and dealing with biliary stenosis afterward. As such, long-term outcome of LAR-LT is satisfactory. Keeping in mind certain technical concerns, a heterotopic LAR-LT might be safely applied as an alternative with an easier reconstruction procedure for select patients.
Collapse
|
49
|
Chan KM, Cheng CH, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Lee WC. Impact of donor with evidence of bacterial infections on deceased donor liver transplantation: a retrospective observational cohort study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023908. [PMID: 30904845 PMCID: PMC6475220 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The shortage of available donor organs is an unsolvable concern leading to an expansion in the donor criteria for organ transplantation. Here, we describe our experience and assess the outcomes in recipients who obtained a graft from a donor with bacterial infections in deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT). METHODS All DDLTs between January 1991 and February 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorised into two groups based on the recipients who obtained a graft from a donor with (group I) or without (group II) evidence of bacterial infections. Outcomes and bacterial infections were compared between the two groups of recipients. RESULTS Overall, a total of 285 DDLTs were performed from 248 donors consisting of 48 split liver grafts and 208 whole liver grafts. Of those, 98 recipients (group I, 34.3%) were transplanted with a graft from 78 donors with positive bacterial cultures. Donor sputum cultures had the highest rate of positive bacterial growth, accounting for 26.6% of donors. Overall survival (OS) was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.9746). The OS rates at 1 and 3 years were 73.5% and 69.2%, respectively, in the group I recipients versus 68.8% and 62.4% in the group II recipients. Importantly, no hospital mortality was related to donor-derived bacterial infections. CONCLUSION Transmission of bacteria from the donor to the recipient is infrequent in DDLT. Therefore, potential donors with positive bacterial infections should not be excluded for organ transplantation to increase organ availability and ameliorate the organ shortage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiue Chou
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan city, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee JC, Cheng CH, Wang YC, Wu TH, Lee CF, Wu TJ, Chou HS, Chan KM, Lee WC. Clinical relevance of alpha-fetoprotein in determining resection margin for hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14827. [PMID: 30882667 PMCID: PMC6426617 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with high recurrence rates. Adequate resection margin which is carried out by surgeons may reduce tumor recurrence. Nevertheless, the margin width remains controversial particularly in cirrhotic patients where optimal parenchymal preservation is necessary. This study aims to find a reference for proposing the resection margin when liver resection is planning.Totally, 534 patients who received liver resection for HCC were included. The clinical profiles of the patients, tumor characteristics and patients' survival were all collected. The patients were classified according to resection margin (<0.5 cm, 0.5-0.99 cm, and ≥1 cm) and preoperative α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (<15 ng/ml, 15-200 ng/ml, and >200 ng/ml), then survival was calculated.Most of the patients had hepatitis B (52.4%) and hepatitis C (24.0%) infection. Multivariate analysis showed that narrow resection margin (<0.5 cm) (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.323, P = .024), high AFP level (≥15 ng/ml) (HR: 1.305, P = .039), major extent of resection (≥3 segments) (HR: 1.507, P = .034), and underlying cirrhosis (HR: 1.404, P = .009) were independent risk factors for disease-free survival. In further survival analysis, resection margin was not significant for disease-free survival if serum AFP levels were <15ng/ml. However, for the patients with AFP level between 15 and 200 ng/ml, resection margin ≥0.5 cm was significant to improve 5-year disease-free survival from 24.6 months to 38.7 months (P = .040). For the patients with AFP >200 ng/ml, resection margin had to be extended to ≥1 cm to improve 5-year disease-free survival from 33.9 months to 48.8 months (P = .012). When the patients meeting AFP <15 ng/ml with tumor-free margin, AFP between 15 and 200 ng/ml with margin ≥0.5 cm, and AFP level >200 ng/ml with margin ≥1 cm were compared, their survival rates were not different.Adequate resection margin can be guided by pre-operative AFP levels. Tumor-free margin is enough for patients with normal AFP level. A resection margin ≥0.5 cm is advised for the patients with AFP between 15 and 200 ng/ml, and ≥1 cm for the patients with AFP over 200 ng/ml.
Collapse
|