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Xu T, Li X, Sun G, Wei W, Huo J, Wang W. Identifying chemical markers in wine-processed Salvia miltiorrhiza using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5842. [PMID: 38354732 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
To find the chemical markers of wine-processed Salvia miltiorrhiza (WSM), 76 constituents, including diterpenoid quinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) and WSM, were profiled using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) in positive- and the negative-ion modes. Thirty compounds were screened out as candidate differential components using chemometrics analysis, and the concentration of most compounds increased after processing with wine. Seven compounds, namely tanshinone IIA, magnesium lithospermate B, salvianolic acid G, cryptotanshinone, isocryptotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, and rosmarinic acid, were selected as chemical markers of WSM using variable importance of the project. This study revealed the chemical markers of WSM and confirmed that WSM can improve the extraction and solubility effect of chemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuwei Li
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guodong Sun
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenfeng Wei
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinhai Huo
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Huang J, Gong MJ, Bai JQ, Su H, Gong L, Huang ZH, Qiu XH, Xu W, Zhang J. Differential Metabolic Profiles of Ginsenosides in Artificial Gastric Juice Using ultra-high-pressure Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear ion trap-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5493. [PMID: 36044184 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides have poor bioavailability of oral administration and undergo rapid biologic transformation in the complex gastrointestinal environment. Most studies on the metabolism of ginsenosides has focused on gut bacteria, yet gastric juice remains as a non-negligible factor. Metabolic profiles of ginsenoside monomers formed in artificial gastric juice were separately investigated and qualitatively identified by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn . A common pattern of their metabolic pathways was established, showing that ginsenosides were transformed via deglycosylation, hydration and dehydration pathways. Two major structure types, PPTs and PPDs, basically shared similar transformation pathways and yielded deglycosylated, hydrated and dehydrated products. Fragmentation patterns of major ginsenosides were also discussed. Consequently, gastric juice, as the primary link in ginsenoside metabolism and as important as the intestinal flora, produces considerable amount of degraded ginsenosides, providing a partial explanation for the low bioavailabilities of primary ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Jiong Gong
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Qi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Su
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Hai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Hui Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Dept Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, the Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Sun P, Zhao W, Wang Q, Chen L, Sun K, Zhan Z, Wang J. Chemical diversity, biological activities and Traditional uses of and important Chinese herb Sophora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154054. [PMID: 35358931 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophora flavescens Aiton (SF), also known as Kushen (Chinese:), has been an important species in Chinese medicine since the Qin and Han dynasties. It is also recognized as a plant resource suitable for the globalization of Chinese medicine. Traditionally, it has been used in various ethnic medical systems in East Asia, especially in China, to kill insects and dispel dampness. Sophora flavescens is commonly used for clearing heat-clearing, killing worms, and diuretic. Nowdays, accumulating studies demonstrated its anticancer and cardioprotection. OBJECTIVE OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to systematically review information on the genus, pharmacological and toxicological significance, chemical composition and biological activity of Sophora flavescens. To promoting its development and application. To summarize recent findings regarding to the metabolism, pharmacological/toxicological effects of Sophora flavescens. MATERIAL AND METHODS Online academic databases (including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and CNKI) were searched using search terms of "Sophora flavescens Aiton", "Ku shen", "Pharmacology", "Active ingredient", "Toxicology" and combinations to include published studies of Sophora flavescens Aiton primarily from 1970-2021. Several critical previous studies beyond this period were also included and other related terms. CONCLUSION Sophora flavescens has a broad spectrum of biological activities associated with Sophora flavescens has been considered a valuable resource in both traditional and modern medicine. However, there is a lack of in-depth studies on the medicinal uses of Sophora flavescens. Moreover, further studies on single chemical components should be conducted based on the diversity of chemical structures, significant biological activities and clinical applications. The discovery of its bioactive molecules and multi-component interactions would be of great importance for the clinical application of Sophora flavescens spp. Detailed pharmacological and toxicological studies on the classic prescriptions of Sophora flavescens are also needed. It is more beneficial to the wide application of SF plant and facilitates the worldwide promotion of modern Chinese medicine. However, an increasing number of reports indicate that the administration of Sophora flavescens has serious adverse effects. Its main toxic effects are neurotoxicity and acute toxicity, which have caused widespread concern worldwide. In addition, the alkaloids of Sophora flavescens are distributed in the heart, liver, stomach and large intestine. They are excreted from the body through gluconeogenesis, which is the mode of action of certain therapeutic mechanisms of action such as anticancer. The detailed metabolic study of alkaloids and other components of Sophora flavescens in vivo needs to be further investigated. It is important to improve the pharmacological effects and reduce the toxicity of Sophora flavescens. For this purpose, structural modification of active components of Sophora flavescens or combination with other drugs is very essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lele Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Kunkun Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Zhan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China;.
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China;.
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Li R, Liu Y, Liu H, Wei C, Wang J, Qin X, Wang X, Li Z. Identification of the Metabolites in Rat Urine after Oral Administration and Elucidation of the Metabolic Process of Naozhenning Granule Using LC-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:804-813. [PMID: 32808026 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Naozhenning (NZN) granule, a Chinese herbal formula, is widely used to treat craniocerebral trauma and promote functional recovery. In our previous study, the chemical components, as well as the serum metabolites in the male Sprague-Dawley rats of the NZN granule after oral administration were characterized. In this study, the urine metabolites in the male Sprague-Dawley rats were further investigated by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry. In order to identify the urine metabolites comprehensively, three sample preparation methods were used, including solid-phase extraction, protein precipitation method and solvent partition. Based on the accurate molecular weight and the fragmentation information from the MS spectra, a total of 76 urine metabolites were identified, which including 17 prototypes and 59 metabolites. The results showed that the detected urine metabolites were different for the different pretreatment methods, as some metabolites could only be detected in the particular pretreatment method. In addition, the metabolic processes of the components from NZN granule to the serum and urine were also elucidated and discussed. The results will provide useful information for further studying the relationship between the chemical components and pharmacological activity of NZN granule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Shanxi Zhendong Ante Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Shanxi Zhendong Ante Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Chunhong Wei
- Shanxi Zhendong Ante Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Shanxi Zhendong Ante Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xuwen Wang
- Shanxi Zhendong Ante Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Yin SJ, Luo YQ, Zhao CP, Chen H, Zhong ZF, Wang S, Wang YT, Yang FQ. Antithrombotic effect and action mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng herbal pair on the zebrafish. Chin Med 2020; 15:35. [PMID: 32322295 PMCID: PMC7164150 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen, DS) and Panax notoginseng (Sanqi, SQ) are famous traditional Chinese herbs, and their herbal pair (DS–SQ) has been popular used as anti-thrombotic medicines. However, there is still a lack of sufficient scientific evidence to illustrate the optimum combination ratio of these two herbs as well as its action mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-thrombotic effects of DS–SQ on zebrafish and explore its possible action mechanism. Methods Firstly, the chemical components in DS–SQ extract were analyzed by LC–ESI–MS/MS. Then, a phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced zebrafish thrombosis model was developed for evaluating the anti-thrombotic effects of DS–SQ extracts with different combination ratios and their nine pure compounds. Followed, Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays were performed to investigate the potential antithrombotic mechanisms of DS–SQ. Results Thirty-three components were tentatively identified by LC–MS analysis. DS–SQ at the ratio of 10:1 presented the best anti-thrombotic effect, and rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid and salvianolic acid B of DS showed good anti-thrombotic activity on zebrafish thrombosis model. The RT-qPCR assays indicated that DS–SQ (10:1) could cure the PHZ-induced thrombosis by downregulating the expression of PKCα, PKCβ, fga, fgb, fgg and vWF in zebrafish. Conclusions DS–SQ with the combination ratio of 10:1 showed optimum anti-thrombotic effect on PHZ-induced zebrafish thrombosis model, which provided a reference for reasonable clinical applications of DS–SQ herbal pair.
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Chemical Profiling of Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet by HPLC and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2781597. [PMID: 30420891 PMCID: PMC6215575 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2781597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet (XXT) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of stroke, chest pain, coronary heart disease, and angina pectoris caused by blood stasis. Having a multiple-component preparation, it is still far from meeting the requirements of modernization and standardization because its detailed chemical basis and action mechanism have not been clarified. In this work, the different batches of XXT samples were analyzed by HPLC and the typical sample was analyzed by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS to understand its chemical profiling. As a result, 77 chromatographic peaks were detected, among which 63 constituents were identified or tentatively characterized based on the comparison of retention time and UV spectra with authentic compounds as well as by summarized MS fragmentation rules and matching of empirical molecular formula with those of published components. This is the first systematic report on the chemical profiling of the commercial XXT products, which provides the sufficiently chemical evidence for the global quality evaluation of XXT products.
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Pang HH, Jiang MF, Wang QH, Wang XY, Gao W, Tian ZH, Huang JM. Metabolic profile of danshen in rats by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:227-244. [PMID: 29504316 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae), is one of the traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) most commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, little is known about the chemical and metabolic profiles of danshen in vitro or in vivo. In particular, more information is needed in relation to the 50% ethanol extracts usually used in danshen formulations such as Fufang Xueshuantong Capsules and Fufang Danshen tablets. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometer (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) provides a sensitive and accurate method for analyzing the composition of samples. This method was used to determine the in vitro and in vivo chemical and metabolic profiles of danshen. Sixty-nine components of danshen extract and 118 components of danshen in rat plasma, urine, feces, and bile were unambiguously or tentatively identified. These results not only revealed the material composition of danshen, but also provided a comprehensive research approach for the identification of multi-constituents in TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Pang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Mei-Fang Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Qin-Hui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jian-Mei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Yang W, Li Y, Kang C, Zhao H, Xiang L, Li C, Wang Q. Sodiation-based in-source collision for profiling of pyranocoumarins in Radix Peucedani (Qianhu): utility of sodium adducts' stability with in-source collision. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2017; 52:152-164. [PMID: 28102926 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Full scan mode of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization source offers a chance on global detection of complicated components; however, the scan mode carries significant challenges in rapidly capturing information of analysts. Sodiation-based in-source collision was proposed here, as a technique for rapid detecting untargeted analytes in full scan analysis, which was based on the stability of sodium adducts and the nonselectivity of in-source collision. Then the technique was applied to profile of angular-type pyranocoumarins (APs) in Radix Peucedani, with full scan analysis performed at two specific in-source collision energy: a high energy 50 V that is tolerated by the sodium adducts of APs, and a low energy 10 V, at which abundant adducts were offered. The spectra list of two average mass spectra was exported, and stable ions were selected based on the intensity ratio of standards at the two collision energy. Then 27 plausible [M + Na]+ m/z values of APs were acquired after filtering the fragment ion and isotope ions and validating with [M + NH4 ]+ . Eighty-two APs finally were tentatively identified based on their accurate spectral data of MSn , fragmentation rules, and elution order regardless of their absolute configuration, which included 25 reported APs from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. The technique provided a novel application of sodium adduct in qualitative analysis. And it was valuable for rapidly capturing information of analytes in full scan analysis, not only for APs but also for other compounds that could form sodium adducts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yang
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Y Li
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - C Kang
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - H Zhao
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - L Xiang
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - C Li
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
- Laboratory for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Q Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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Li T, Chu Y, Yan K, Li S, Wang X, Wang Y, Li W, Ma X, Yang J, Liu C. Simultaneous determination of tanshinol, protocatechuic aldehyde, protocatechuic acid, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyang Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Shuming Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Ying Wang
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Jin Yang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics; Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research; Tianjin China
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Li Y, Wang J, Lin F, Yang Y, Chen SS. A Methodology for Cancer Therapeutics by Systems Pharmacology-Based Analysis: A Case Study on Breast Cancer-Related Traditional Chinese Medicines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169363. [PMID: 28068355 PMCID: PMC5222515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common carcinoma in women. Comprehensive therapy on breast cancer including surgical operation, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrinotherapy, etc. could help, but still has serious side effect and resistance against anticancer drugs. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) may avoid these problems, in which traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been highlighted. In this section, to analyze the mechanism through which TCM act on breast cancer, we have built a virtual model consisting of the construction of database, oral bioavailability prediction, drug-likeness evaluation, target prediction, network construction. The 20 commonly employed herbs for the treatment of breast cancer were used as a database to carry out research. As a result, 150 ingredient compounds were screened out as active molecules for the herbs, with 33 target proteins predicted. Our analysis indicates that these herbs 1) takes a 'Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" as rule of prescription, 2) which function mainly through perturbing three pathways involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, estrogen receptor, and inflammatory pathways, to 3) display the breast cancer-related anti-estrogen, anti-inflammatory, regulation of cell metabolism and proliferation activities. To sum it up, by providing a novel in silico strategy for investigation of the botanical drugs, this work may be of some help for understanding the action mechanisms of herbal medicines and for discovery of new drugs from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P R China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P R China
| | - Feng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P R China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P R China
| | - Su-Shing Chen
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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He XR, Li CG, Zhu XS, Li YQ, Jarouche M, Bensoussan A, Li PP. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technology in the analysis of Chinese Medicine Formulas: A bibliometric analysis (1997-2015). J Sep Sci 2016; 40:81-92. [PMID: 27731929 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a recognized challenge in analyzing traditional Chinese medicine formulas because of their complex chemical compositions. The application of modern analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometry has improved the characterization of various compounds from traditional Chinese medicine formulas significantly. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to recognize the overall trend of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry approaches in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine formulas, its significance and possible underlying interactions between individual herbs in these formulas. Electronic databases were searched systematically, and the identified studies were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Access 2010, Graph Pad 5.0 software and Ucinet software package. 338 publications between 1997 and 2015 were identified, and analyzed in terms of annual growth and accumulated publications, top journals, forms of traditional Chinese medicine preparations and highly studied formulas and single herbs, as well as social network analysis of single herbs. There is a significant increase trend in using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry related techniques in analysis of commonly used forms of traditional Chinese medicine formulas in the last 3 years. Stringent quality control is of great significance for the modernization and globalization of traditional Chinese medicine, and this bibliometric analysis provided the first and comprehensive summary within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ran He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Guang Li
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiao-Shu Zhu
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Mariam Jarouche
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan Bensoussan
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ping-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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12
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Gong L, Haiyu X, Wang L, Xiaojie Y, Huijun Y, Songsong W, Cheng L, Ma X, Gao S, Liang R, Yang H. Identification and evaluation of the chemical similarity of Yindan xinnaotong samples by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry fingerprinting. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:611-22. [PMID: 26634631 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Yindan xinnaotong, a compound preparation used in traditional Chinese medicine, is composed of eight herbs: Ginkgo biloba leaf (yinxingye), Salvia miltiorrhizae (danshen), Herba gynostemmatis (jiaogulan), Erigerontis herba (dengzhanxixin), Allii sativi bulbus (dasuan), Notoginseng radixe rhizoma (sanqi), Crataegi fructus (shanzha), and Borneolum (tianranbingpian). Yindan xinnaotong is primarily used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, to date, no scientific methods have been established to assess the quality of Yindan xinnaotong. Therefore, a combinatorial method was developed based on chemical constituent identification and fingerprint analysis to assess the consistency of Yindan xinnaotong quality. In this study, ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the chemical components of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules. Approximately 74 components were detected, of which 70, including flavonoids, ginkgolide, phenolic acid, diterpenoid tanshinones, and ginsenoside, were tentatively identified. A fingerprint analysis was also conducted to evaluate the uniformity of the quality of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules. Ten batches of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules were analyzed. All of the resulting chromatograms were imported into the "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of TCM" (Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, version 2004A). The similarity scores of common peaks from these samples ranged from 0.903-1.000, indicating that samples from different batches were highly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Gong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Haiyu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiaojie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huijun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wang Songsong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Resource Utilisation of the Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rixin Liang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
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13
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Du LY, Qian DW, Shang EX, Liu P, Jiang S, Guo JM, Su SL, Duan JA, Xu J, Zhao M. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based screening and identification of the main flavonoids and their metabolites in rat bile, urine and feces after oral administration of Scutellaria baicalensis extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 169:156-162. [PMID: 25926286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are increasingly used in combination with Western medicine. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) is a widely used TCM in treating various diseases. However, the in vivo metabolism of its main bioactive flavonoids, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin, needs further study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) technique combined with Metabolynx(TM) software was developed to speculate the metabolites and excretion profiles of the main flavonoids in S. baicalensis extract in rats bile, urine and feces samples after oral administration of the extract. RESULTS Four parent components and a total of 15 metabolites were tentatively detected in vivo. All metabolites were detected including sulfate and glucuronide conjugates, hydroxylated, methylated, acetylated and deoxygenated products. Twelve metabolites were from the rat urine, five from the feces and two from the bile. Among them, several products were reported firstly. CONCLUSION The research provided useful information for further study of the pharmacology and mechanism of action of S. baicalensis extract in vivo and a proposed method which could develop an integrated template approach to analyze screening and identification of biological samples after oral administration of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-yue Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Da-wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Er-xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jian-ming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu-lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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14
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Xiong W, Yan R, Liu Y, Peng S, Jiang Z, Chai X, Qi A, Wang Y. Establishment and validation of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker for quality assessment of compound danshen preparations. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.26.2014.4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Synergistic effects of clopidogrel and fufang danshen dripping pills by modulation of the metabolism target and pharmacokinetics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:789142. [PMID: 25530790 PMCID: PMC4233664 DOI: 10.1155/2014/789142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective. The aim was to evaluate the synergistic effects of clopidogrel and FDDP by modulating the metabolism target and the pharmacokinetics. Methods. The inhibition effect of FDDP on the CES1 was first investigated by the molecular simulation method, and the synergistic effects on the pharmacokinetics of CPGS were studied as follows: SD rats were treated with oral clopidogrel alone at a dosage of 30 mg/kg or the combination of clopidogrel and FDDP at dosages of 30 mg/kg and 324 mg/kg, respectively, for 21 days. The concentrations of CPGS in the blood plasma samples were determined and the calculated concentrations were used to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters. Results. 20 compounds in FDDP potentially interacted with CES1 target. The CPGS showed a two-compartment model pharmacokinetic profile. The concentration-time course of CPGS was not changed by FDDP, but FDDP decreased the peak plasma concentration and area under the curve of CPGS. Conclusion. The CES1's activity could be partly inhibited by FDDP through the molecular simulation investigation. The concentration-time course of CPGS was altered slightly by FDDP. The results demonstrated the synergistic effects of clopidogrel and FDDP by modulating both the pharmacokinetics and the target metabolism.
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16
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Zhao L, Liang S, Lv L, Zhang H, guo-Tan G, Chai Y, Zhang G. Screening and analysis of metabolites in rat urine after oral administration ofApocynum venetumL. extracts using HPLC-TOF-MS. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:515-26. [PMID: 24376178 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy; Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy; Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Shanghai China
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; Shanghai China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy; Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy; Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Guang guo-Tan
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy; Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Shanghai China
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17
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Han YQ, Wang J, Cui QX, Wang LQ, Cheng BF, Zhao HZ, Jiang M, Bai G, Luo GA. Absorption, metabolism and effect of compatibility on absorption of qishenyiqi dropping pill. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:554-63. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-qi Han
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-xin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-qiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-feng Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-zhi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-an Luo
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
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18
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Phytochemical and pharmacological review of da chuanxiong formula: a famous herb pair composed of chuanxiong rhizoma and gastrodiae rhizoma for headache. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:425369. [PMID: 24066012 PMCID: PMC3771465 DOI: 10.1155/2013/425369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic headache such as migraine and nervous headache has become one of the most common locations of pain and one of the most difficult diseases to recover due to its numerous causes and inconvenience to keep acesodyne administration for a long time. However, there are a series of treatment theories and herbal formulas for this disease in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in which Da Chuanxiong formula (DCXF), a herb pair composed of Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CR), Chuanxiong in Chinese, and Gastrodiae Rhizoma (GR) called as Tianma in China, is a greatly classic representative. This formula has been used for headaches via dispelling wind pathogen and dissipating blood stasis for many years in TCM. In recent years, the efficiency and representativeness of DCXF have garnered many researchers' attention. To reveal the compatibility mechanism and develop innovative Chinese herb, herein ethnopharmacological relevance, chemical characters, and pharmacological actions of DCXF are detailed. It is expected to give a comprehensive interpretation of DCXF, namely, Chuanxiong Tianma herb pair (CTHP), to inherit the essence of herb pair and innovate drug delivery system of this prescription.
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19
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UPLC-Q-TOF/MS for Analysis of the Metabolites of Flavone Glycosides from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by Human Fecal Flora in Vitro. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Miron TL, Herrero M, Ibáñez E. Enrichment of antioxidant compounds from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) by pressurized liquid extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1288:1-9. [PMID: 23528869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) are applied for extraction of natural compounds from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). Cellulase, endo-β-1,4 xylanase and pectinase were studied in order to degrade cell wall of lemon balm leaves and to release phenolic compounds. On the other hand, in order to compare the performance obtained with EAE, PLE using water and ethanol was employed maintaining 150°C as extraction temperature. The obtained extracts were characterized in terms of antioxidant capacity by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in vitro assays, whereas the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure was employed to estimate the total phenols content. On the other hand, extracts were chemically characterized by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that EAE enhanced the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity compared to a non-enzymatic control. PLE extracts presented higher amount of phenols and antioxidant capacity than enzyme-assisted extracts, reaching the highest values on water extracts (193.18mggallicacid/gextract and EC50=6.81μg/mL). Among the bioactive phenolic compounds identified in lemon balm, rosmarinic acid was the main component, although other important compounds were also identified, such as caffeic acid derivatives (salvianolic acids, lithospermic acid) and rosmarinic acid derivatives (rosmarinic acid hexoside, sagerinic acid, sulfated rosmarinic acid). The present study confirms that EAE and PLE can be considered alternative methods for the extraction of natural compounds with biological activity from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Miron
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University, Domnească 111, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
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21
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Wu H, Guo J, Chen S, Liu X, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Xu X. Recent developments in qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemical constituents and their metabolites using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 72:267-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Qin K, Cai H, Liu X, Lu T, Fang Q, Yao Z, Xu Z, Cai B. Screening and analysis of the multiple absorbed bioactive components and metabolites of Baihe Zhimu Tang by the metabolic fingerprinting technique and liquid chromatography/diode array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Pharmacogn Mag 2012; 7:177-85. [PMID: 21969787 PMCID: PMC3173891 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.84219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baihe Zhimu Tang (BZT) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal formula in treating various diseases; however, its active components have remained unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the metabolic fingerprinting technique and liquid chromatography/diode array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/DAD-ESI-MS), a method for rapid screening and analysis of the multiple absorbed bioactive components and metabolites of an oral solution of Baihe Zhimu Tang (BZT) in rabbit plasma, urine and feces after oral administration of BZT was developed. RESULTS The results obtained from a comprehensive comparative analysis of the fingerprints of the BZT and its metabolic fingerprints in rabbit biological samples indicated that 19 components in the BZT were absorbed into the rabbit's body. Both of them were tentatively identified from their MS and UV spectra and retention behaviors by comparing the results with the reported literature. In addition, only six components were found in the metabolic fingerprints, which suggested that they might be metabolites of some components in the BZT. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that the proposed method could be used to rapidly and simultaneously analyze and screen the multiple absorbed bioactive constituents and metabolites in a formula of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by comparing and contrasting the chromatographic fingerprints with its metabolic fingerprints. This is very important not only for the pharmaceutical discovery process and the quality control of crude drugs, but also for explaining the curative mechanism of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Qin
- Engineering Research Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing - 210029
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23
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Deng WM, Zhang P, Huang H, Shen YG, Yang QH, Cui WL, He YS, Wei S, Ye Z, Liu F, Qin L. Five-year follow-up study of a kidney-tonifying herbal Fufang for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and fragility fractures. J Bone Miner Metab 2012; 30:517-24. [PMID: 22722637 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-012-0351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To observe the kidney-tonifying herbal Fufangs with phytoestrogenic epimedium for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis with both bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture as study endpoints, a 5-year multicenter follow-up study in 194 postmenopausal women (47-70 years old) was conducted in which the subjects were given oral administration of herbal Fufang (10 g/day, twice per day, n = 101) or placebo (n = 93). Both groups were supplemented daily with calcium (600 mg) and vitamin D (400 IU). BMD at distal radius, potential adverse events, and fracture incidence were evaluated at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. At the end of 5 years, 155 subjects had completed the study, with better adherence in the treatment group (13% dropouts, n = 88 at year 5) as compared with the control group (28% dropouts, n = 67 at year 5) (P < 0.05). No notable adverse events were observed in either group. In the treatment group BMD increased significantly from baseline (0.211 ± 0.022 g/cm(2)) to the end of the study (0.284 ± 0.015 g/cm(2)), whereas the control group decreased significantly from baseline (0.212 ± 0.023 g/cm(2)) to 5 years later (0.187 ± 0.022 g/cm(2)) (P < 0.05). The fracture incidence was 2.4 fold lower in the treatment group than in the control group, with a relative risk of 0.57 for the treatment group (95% CI, 0.43-0.70, P < 0.05). In conclusion, in addition to the beneficial effects of oral herbal Fufang on prevention of postmenopausal bone loss, this 5-year multi-center clinical study demonstrated for the first time its potential for reduction in fragility fracture incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.
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Yang S, Zhang K, Lin X, Miao Y, Meng L, Chen W, Tang X. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of single herb extract of Fufang Danshen preparation with different combinations of its constituent herbs in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 67-68:77-85. [PMID: 22579600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (SAB), tanshinone IIA (TS), ginsenoside Rb₁ (Rb₁), ginsenoside Rg₁ (Rg₁) and notoginsenoside R₁ (R₁) are major active ingredients of Fufang Danshen preparation (FDP) for its protective effects on myocardial ischemia. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of marker compounds after oral administration of single herb extract and different combinations of constitutional herbs in FDP, and explored potential herb-herb interactions among the ingredients in the multi-herb medicine. The pharmacokinetics study on the target compounds in rat plasma was performed using an optimal ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) coupled with protein precipitation method. There were no statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of SAB, TS, Rb₁, Rg₁ and R₁ between single Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) or Radix Panax notoginsen (P. notoginseng) extract and combination treatment. While, in comparison with oral administration of P. notoginseng extract alone, the pharmacokinetic parameters (C(max), AUC(0-72 h), AUC(0-∞), Cl, V), particularly for Rb₁ and Rg₁, were significantly different after oral administration P. notoginseng extract with addition of borneol (p<0.05). The AUC(0-72 h) values of Rb₁ and Rg₁ were significantly increased 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, after P. Notoginsen extract co-administered with borneol. The results showed that herb-herb interactions may be accounting for the different pharmacokinetic behaviors of active constituents administered in compound prescriptions versus in single-herb extracts, however, which were not significant in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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Zhang Y, Pan J, Zhong J, Wang Y, Fan X, Cheng Y. Virtual separation of phytochemical constituents by their adduct-ion patterns in full mass spectra. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1227:181-93. [PMID: 22265785 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a tool called classifier for traditional Chinese medicine (CTCM) was developed to facilitate the discrimination of phytochemical constituents in two-dimensional datasets of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Based on the full mass spectral characteristics of components in a mixture, particularly their adduct-ion patterns, an entire LC/MS dataset can be separated into several sub-datasets, each corresponding to one or several types of natural products. CTCM has been verified using 24 standard compounds and successfully applied in two previously reported LC/MS datasets, which confirmed the capability of proposed tool to extract adduct-ion patterns from LC/MS datasets. Moreover, the LC/MS dataset of a Wei-Fu-Chun (WFC) tablet, a prescription drug consisting of three crude herbs used for the treatment of enteric diseases, was analyzed using CTCM. The analysis indicated that the compounds in WFC could be split into three groups, with the main constituents including saponins from Radix Ginseng Rubra, flavonoids from Fructus aurantii, and phenolic compounds from Isodon amethystoides. The major compounds in the three groups were either positively identified or tentatively characterized by multi-stage and high resolution MS. The proposed tool provides a novel approach for processing the LC/MS datasets of complex samples, such as traditional Chinese medicine and botanical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Metabolite profiling of four major flavonoids of Herba Epimedii in zebrafish. Molecules 2012; 17:420-32. [PMID: 22217555 PMCID: PMC6268998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish model organism was applied first in a metabolic study of icariin, baohuoside I, epimedin A and epimedin C, which are flavonoids in Herba Epimedii. Metabolites of these compounds in zebrafish after exposure for 24 h were identified by HPLC-ESI-MS, whereby the separation was performed with a Zorbax C-18 column using a gradient elution of 0.05% formic acid acetonitrile-0.05% formic acid water. The quasi-molecular ions of compounds were detected in simultaneous negative and positive ionization modes. Metabolic products of icariin and epimedin C via cleavage of glucose residue instead of rhamnose residues were found, which coincided with the results using regular metabolic analysis methods. In addition, the zebrafish model was used to predict the metabolism of the trace component epimedin A, whose metabolic mechanisms haven't been clearly elucidated with the current metabolism model. The metabolic pathway of epimedin A in zebrafish was similar to those of its homologue icariin and epimedin C. Our study demonstrated that the zebrafish model can successfully imitate the current models in elucidating metabolic pathways of model flavonoids, which has advantages of lower cost, far less amount of compound needed, easy set up and high performance. This novel model can also be applied in quickly predicting the metabolism of Chinese herb components, especially trace compounds.
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Wei Y, Li P, Fan H, Peng Y, Liu W, Wang C, Shu L, Jia X. Metabolism study of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 of radix Panax notoginseng in zebrafish. Molecules 2011; 16:6621-33. [PMID: 25134766 PMCID: PMC6264432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16086621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish, a common model organism for studies of vertebrate development and gene function, has been used in pharmaceutical research as a new and powerful tool in recent years. In the present study, we applied zebrafish for the first time in a metabolic study of notoginsenoside (R1), ginsenoside (Rg1) and ginsenoside (Rb1), which are saponins isolated from Panax notoginseng. Metabolites of these three saponin compounds in zebrafish after exposure for 24 h were identified by high performance liquid chromatography - electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) with a Zorbax C-18 column for separation using a binary gradient elution of 0.05% formic acid acetonitrile - 0.05% formic acid water. The quasi-molecular ions of compounds were detected in negative mode. Step-wise deglycosylation metabolites and hydroxylation metabolites of the three saponins were found, which were coincide with regular methods for metabolic analysis. Our study demonstrated that the zebrafish model can successfully imitate the current metabolic model with advantages of lower cost, far less amount of compound needed, easy set up and high performance. Our data suggests that the zebrafish metabolic model has the potential for developing a novel method for quickly predicting the metabolism of Chinese herb components, including those of trace compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines and Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hongwei Fan
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital, Lab of Clinical Pharmacology, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China.
| | - Yunru Peng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Changmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Luan Shu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China.
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Qin KM, Shi Y, Fang QB, Cai H, Yang GM, Cai BC. Screening and analysis of metabolic components in rat plasma, urine, and feces after oral administration of Baihe Zhimu Tang by HPLC-ESI-MS methods. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.23.2011.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wang J, Wei N, Zhao H, Huang H, Jiang M, Bai G, Luo G. Global Chemome Study by LC Coupled with DAD and ESI–Q–TOF MS of a Composite Traditional Chinese Medicine Qishenyiqi Dropping Pills. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Characterization of the constituents in rat biological fluids after oral administration of Fufang Danshen tablets by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 52:155-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liu EH, Qi LW, Cheng XL, Peng YB, Li P. Simultaneous determination of twelve bioactive constituents in Buyang Huanwu decoction by HPLC-DAD-ELSD and HPLC-TOF/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:125-31. [PMID: 19630070 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHYD) is a classical traditional Chinese medicinal prescription that has been widely used for treating cerebrovascular illnesses for hundreds of years. In this study, a comprehensive analytical method has been developed for quantitative analysis of the major constituents in BYHWD. This method was based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array and evaporative light scattering detectors (HPLC-DAD-ELSD) on a common reverse-phase C(18) column. HPLC coupled with on-line time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF/MS) was additionally adopted to provide further validation for the constituents. It was found that 0.3% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile was the optimum mobile phase for gradient elution. This method, which showed excellent precision and accuracy, was successfully applied to quantify the bioactive constituents in six BYHWD products. The validated HPLC-DAD-ELSD method, together with the HPLC-TOF/MS analysis, provided a new basis for assessing the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal prescription consisting of many bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Hu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education; Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Y, David B, Tu P, Barbin Y. Recent analytical approaches in quality control of traditional Chinese medicines--a review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 657:9-18. [PMID: 19951752 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 10/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are gaining more and more attention all over the world, due to their specific theory and long historical clinical practice. But the uncontrollable quality is a bottleneck for its modernization and globalization. This paper reviewed the recent analytical methods in the quality control of TCMs, including screening strategies of bioactive markers from TCMs through biochromatographic methods, the traditional chromatographic methods, DNA methods, as well as the spectroscopic methods, including FT-IR, NIR and NMR. The comprehensive methods, such as fingerprint and multi-component quantification are emphasized; hyphenated techniques, like HPLC-MS, GC-MS, CE-MS, LC-NMR, chemometric methods, and combination of chemical and biological methods, such as biofingerprint, metabolic fingerprint are now more and more widely used in TCMs. In a few word, the analysis and quality control of TCMs are moving towards an integrative and comprehensive direction, in order to better address the inherent holistic nature of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- Brehm Research Laboratory University Park, Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio 45324-2031, USA
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Li CY, Qi LW, Li P, Wen XD, Zhu YF, Liu EH, Gong Z, Yang XL, Ren MT, Li YJ, Ge XX. Identification of metabolites of Danggui Buxue Tang in rat urine by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:1977-1988. [PMID: 19504482 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A method coupling liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-TOF/MS) has been developed for rapid and sensitive analysis of rat urinary metabolite profile of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a well-known Chinese herbal formula. After oral administration of DBT, urine samples were collected during 0-24 h, and then pretreated by solid-phase extraction. A total of 68 compounds including 13 parent compounds and 55 metabolites were detected in the drug-containing urines compared with blank urines. The total analytical time was less than 20 min. Metabolites of DBT were identified using dynamic adjustment of the fragmentor voltage to produce structure-relevant fragment ions. By using this approach, the mass accuracy of precursor and fragment ions was typically within +/-5 ppm of the theoretical values, and enabled the identification of 43 metabolites including 27 isoflavanoid and 16 phthalide metabolites. Our results indicated that glucuronidation and sulfation were the major metabolic pathways of isoflavonoids, while glutathione conjugation, glucuronidation and sulfation were the main metabolic pathways of phthalides. No saponin-related metabolites were detected. The results of the present study provided important structural information relating to the metabolism of DBT. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the potential of the LC/ESI-TOF/MS approach for identification of metabolites from Chinese herbal medicines in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yin Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
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Xu G, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Zhang R, Zhu W, Liu X. Danshen extracts decrease blood c reactive protein and prevent ischemic stroke recurrence: a controlled pilot study. Phytother Res 2009; 23:1721-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Bao KD, Li P, Qi LW, Li HJ, Yi L, Wang W, Wang YQ. Characterization of Flavonoid Metabolites in Rat Plasma, Urine, and Feces after Oral Administration of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Extract by HPLC-Diode-Array Detection (DAD) and Ion-Trap Mass Spectrometry (MSn). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:144-8. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-De Bao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ling Yi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ya-Qiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University
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Li YG, Song L, Liu M, Hu ZB, Wang ZT. Advancement in analysis of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen). J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:1941-53. [PMID: 19159889 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent advances in the chemical analysis of Danshen and its finished products, including the introduction of the identified bioactive components, analytical methods for quantitative determination of target analytes and fingerprinting authentication, quality criteria of Danshen crude herb and its preparations, as well as the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on the active components of Danshen and its finished products. Danshen contains mainly two types of constituents, the hydrophilic depsides and lipophilic diterpenoidal quinones and both of them are responsible for the pharmacological activities of Danshen. In order to monitor simultaneously both types of components which have different physicochemical properties, numerous analytical methods have been reported using various chromatographic and spectrophotometric technologies. In this review, 110 papers on analysis of Danshen are discussed, various analytical methods and their chromatographic conditions are briefly described and their advantages/disadvantages are compared. For obtaining a quick, accurate and applicable analytical approach for quality evaluation and establishing a harmonized criteria of Danshen and its finished products, the authors' suggestion and opinions are given, including the reasonable selection of marker compounds with high concentration and commercial availability, a simple sample preparation procedure with high recoveries of both the hydrophilic phenols and lipophilic tanshinones, and an optimized chromatographic condition with ideal resolutions of all the target components. The chemical degradation and transformation of the predominant constituent salvianolic acid B in Danshen during processing and manufacturing are also emphasized in order to assure the quality consistency of Danshen containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guo Li
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are getting more and more popular nowadays in the whole world for improving health condition of human beings as well as preventing and healing diseases. TCM is a multi-component system with components mostly unknown, and only a few compounds are responsible for the pharmaceutical and/or toxic effects. The large numbers of other components in the TCM make the screening and analysis of the bioactive components extremely difficult. So, separation and analysis of the desired chemical components in TCM are very important subjects for modernization research of TCM. Thus, many novel separation techniques with significant advantages over conventional methods were introduced and applied to separation and analysis of the chemical constituents in TCM. This review presents just a brief outline of the applications of different separation methods for the isolation and analysis of TCM constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Modernization of Chinese Medicines, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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Zhang ZC, Xu M, Sun SF, Qiao X, Wang BR, Han J, Guo DA. Metabolic analysis of four phenolic acids in rat by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 871:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li P, Qi LW, Liu EH, Zhou JL, Wen XD. Analysis of Chinese herbal medicines with holistic approaches and integrated evaluation models. Trends Analyt Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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