1
|
Liu F, Rittmann B, Kuthari S, Zhang W. Viral inactivation using microwave-enhanced membrane filtration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131966. [PMID: 37399721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic viruses (e.g., Enteroviruses, Noroviruses, Rotaviruses, and Adenovirus) present in wastewater, even at low concentrations, can cause serious waterborne diseases. Improving water treatment to enhance viral removal is of paramount significance, especially given the COVID-19 pandemic. This study incorporated microwave-enabled catalysis into membrane filtration and evaluated viral removal using a model bacteriophage (MS2) as a surrogate. Microwave irradiation effectively penetrated the PTFE membrane module and enabled surface oxidation reactions on the membrane-coated catalysts (i.e., BiFeO3), which thus elicited strong germicidal effects via local heating and radical formation as reported previously. A log removal of 2.6 was achieved for MS2 within a contact time as low as 20 s using 125-W microwave irradiation with the initial MS2 concentration of 105 PFU∙mL-1. By contrast, almost no inactivation could be achieved without microwave irradiation. COMSOL simulation indicates that the catalyst surface could be heated up to 305 oC with 125-W microwave irradiation for 20 s and also analyzed microwave penetration into catalyst or water film layers. This research provides new insights to the antiviral mechanisms of this microwave-enabled catalytic membrane filtration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Liu
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bruce Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Saachi Kuthari
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, USA; Millburn High School, Short Hills, NJ, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leisi R, Rostami I, Laughhunn A, Bieri J, Roth NJ, Widmer E, Ros C. Visualizing protein fouling and its impact on parvovirus retention within distinct filter membrane morphologies. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
3
|
Malakian A, Jung SY, Afzal MA, Carbrello C, Giglia S, Johnson M, Miller C, Rayfield W, Boenitz D, Cetlin D, Zydney AL. Development of a transient inline spiking system for evaluating virus clearance in continuous bioprocessing -- Proof of concept for virus filtration. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2134-2141. [PMID: 35470427 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of continuous/connected bioprocesses requires new approaches for viral clearance validation, both for specific unit operations and for the overall process. In this study, we have developed a transient inline spiking system that can be used to evaluate virus clearance at distinct time points during prolonged operation of continuous bioprocesses. The proof of concept for this system was demonstrated by evaluating the viral clearance for a virus filtration step, both with and without a prefilter upstream of the virus filter. The residence time distribution was evaluated using a previously identified non-interacting fluorescent tracer, while viral clearance was evaluated from measurements of the virus titer in samples obtained downstream of the virus filter. The measured log reduction values (LRV) for ϕX174, Minute Virus of Mice (MVM), Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus (XMuLV), and a non-infectious Mock Virus Particle (MVP) were all within 0.5 logs of those obtained using a traditional batch virus challenge for both model and real-world process streams (LRV between 2.2 and 3.4 for ϕX174 using a single layer of virus filter). The results demonstrate the effectiveness of transient inline spiking to validate the virus clearance capabilities in continuous bioprocessing, an essential element for the adoption of these processes for products made using mammalian cell lines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Malakian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Seon Yeop Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University.,Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Mohammad A Afzal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew L Zydney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen C, Guo L, Yang Y, Oguma K, Hou LA. Comparative effectiveness of membrane technologies and disinfection methods for virus elimination in water: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149678. [PMID: 34416607 PMCID: PMC8364419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has brought viruses into the public horizon. Since viruses can pose a threat to human health in a low concentration range, seeking efficient virus removal methods has been the research hotspots in the past few years. Herein, a total of 1060 research papers were collected from the Web of Science database to identify technological trends as well as the research status. Based on the analysis results, this review elaborates on the state-of-the-art of membrane filtration and disinfection technologies for the treatment of virus-containing wastewater and drinking water. The results evince that membrane and disinfection methods achieve a broad range of virus removal efficiency (0.5-7 log reduction values (LRVs) and 0.09-8 LRVs, respectively) that is attributable to the various interactions between membranes or disinfectants and viruses having different susceptibility in viral capsid protein and nucleic acid. Moreover, this review discusses the related challenges and potential of membrane and disinfection technologies for customized virus removal in order to prevent the dissemination of the waterborne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Lihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Kumiko Oguma
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Li-An Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China; Xi'an High-Tech Institute, Xi'an 710025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ide S. Filter made of cuprammonium regenerated cellulose for virus removal: a mini-review. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 29:2779-2793. [PMID: 34840442 PMCID: PMC8609256 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-021-04319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In 1989, Asahi Kasei commercialized a porous hollow fiber membrane filter (Planova™) made of cuprammonium regenerated cellulose, making it possible for the first time in the world to "remove viruses from protein solutions by membrane filtration". Planova has demonstrated its usefulness in separating proteins and viruses. Filters that remove viruses from protein solutions, i.e., virus removal filters (VFs), have become one of the critical modern technologies to assure viral safety of biological products. It has also become an indispensable technology for the future. The performance characteristics of VFs can be summarized in two points: 1) the virus removal performance increases as the virus diameter increases, and 2) the recovery rate of proteins with molecular weights greater than 10,000 exceeds the practical level. This paper outlines the emergence of VF and its essential roles in the purification process of biological products, requirements for VF, phase separation studies for cuprammonium cellulose solution, comparison between Planova and other regenerated cellulose flat membranes made from other cellulose solutions, and the development of Planova. The superior properties of Planova can be attributed to its highly interconnected three-dimensional network structure. Furthermore, future trends in the VF field, the subject of this review, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Ide
- Planova Production Department, Bioprocess Division, Asahi Kasei Medical Co. Ltd, Asahi-machi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki 882-0847 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barro L, Delila L, Nebie O, Wu YW, Knutson F, Watanabe N, Takahara M, Burnouf T. Removal of minute virus of mice-mock virus particles by nanofiltration of culture growth medium supplemented with 10% human platelet lysate. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:902-907. [PMID: 34238658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Platelet concentrates (PCs) are pooled to prepare human platelet lysate (HPL) supplements of growth media to expand primary human cells for transplantation; this increases the risk of contamination by known, emerging, and unknown viruses. This possibility should be of concern because viral contamination of cell cultures is difficult to detect and may have detrimental consequences for recipients of cell therapies. Viral reduction treatments of chemically defined growth media have been proposed, but they are not applicable when media contain protein supplements currently needed to expand primary cell cultures. Recently, we successfully developed a Planova 35NPlanova 20N nanofiltration sequence of growth media supplemented with two types of HPL. The nanofiltered medium was found to be suitable for mesenchymal Stromal cell (MSC) expansion. METHODS Herein, we report viral clearance achieved by this nanofiltration process used for assessing a new experimental model using non-infectious minute virus of mice-mock virus particle (MVM-MVP) and its quantification by an immunoqPCR. Then, high doses of MVM-MVP (1012 MVPs/mL) were spiked to obtain a final concentration of 1010 MVPs/mL in Planova 35N-nanofiltered growth medium supplemented with both types of HPLs [serum converted platelet lysate SCPL) and intercept human platelet lysate (I-HPL)] at 10% (v/v) and then filtering through Planova 20N. RESULTS No substantial interference of growth medium matrices by the immune-qPCR assay was first verified. Log reduction values (LRVs) were ≥ 5.43 and ≥ 5.36 respectively, SCPL and I-HPL media. MVM-MVPs were also undetectable by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS The nanofiltration of growth media supplemented with 10% HPL provides robust removal of small nonenveloped viruses, and is an option to improve the safety of therapeutic cells expanded using HPL supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lassina Barro
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liling Delila
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ouada Nebie
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Folke Knutson
- Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine IGP, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Thierry Burnouf
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Program in Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gulla KC, Schneiderman ZJ, O'Connell SE, Arias GF, Cibelli NL, Cetlin D, Gowetski DB. High throughput chromatography and analytics can inform viral clearance capabilities during downstream process development for biologics. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000641. [PMID: 34174016 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High throughput process development (HTPD) using liquid handling robotics and RoboColumns is an established methodology in downstream process development to screen chromatography resins and optimize process designs to meet target product profiles. However, HTPD is not yet widely available for use in viral clearance capability of the resin due to a variety of constraints. In the present study, a BSL-1-compatible, non-infectious MVM model, MVM-VLP, was tested for viral clearance assessment with various resin and membrane chromatography operations in a HTPD mode. To detect the MVM-VLP in the high throughput experiments, an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) assay was developed with up to 5 logs of dynamic range. Storage time suitability of MVM-VLP solutions in various buffer matrices, in the presence or absence of a glycoprotein vaccine candidate, were assessed. Then, MVM-VLP and a test article monoclonal antibody (mAb) were used in a HTPD design that included commercially available ion exchange media chemistries, elucidating a wide variety of viral clearance ability at different operating conditions. The methodologies described herein have the potential to be a part of the process design stage in biologics manufacturing process development, which in turn can reduce risk associated with viral clearance validation studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishana C Gulla
- Vaccine Production Program Laboratory, VRC/NIAID/NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sarah E O'Connell
- Vaccine Production Program Laboratory, VRC/NIAID/NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriel F Arias
- Vaccine Production Program Laboratory, VRC/NIAID/NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole L Cibelli
- Vaccine Production Program Laboratory, VRC/NIAID/NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - David Cetlin
- Research and Development, Cygnus Technologies, Southport, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel B Gowetski
- Vaccine Production Program Laboratory, VRC/NIAID/NIH, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ayano M, Sawamura Y, Hongo-Hirasaki T, Nishizaka T. Direct visualization of virus removal process in hollow fiber membrane using an optical microscope. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1095. [PMID: 33441582 PMCID: PMC7806983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus removal filters developed for the decontamination of small viruses from biotherapeutic products are widely used in basic research and critical step for drug production due to their long-established quality and robust performance. A variety of imaging techniques have been employed to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which viruses are effectively captured by filter membranes, but they are limited to ‘static’ imaging. Here, we propose a novel method for detailed monitoring of ‘dynamic process’ of virus capture; specifically, direct examination of biomolecules during filtration under an ultra-stable optical microscope. Samples were fluorescently labeled and infused into a single hollow fiber membrane comprising cuprammonium regenerated-cellulose (Planova 20N). While proteins were able to pass through the membrane, virus-like particles (VLP) accumulated stably in a defined region of the membrane. After injecting the small amount of sample into the fiber membrane, the real-time process of trapping VLP in the membrane was quantified beyond the diffraction limit. The method presented here serves as a preliminary basis for determining optimum filtration conditions, and provides new insights into the structure of novel fiber membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miku Ayano
- Department of Physics, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sawamura
- Global Marketing Department, Bioprocess Division, Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8101, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Hongo-Hirasaki
- Global Marketing Department, Bioprocess Division, Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8101, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nishizaka
- Department of Physics, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8588, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dyer R, Song Y, Chen J, Bigelow E, McGinnis J, Jenkins L, Ghose S, Li ZJ. Mechanistic insights into viral clearance during the chromatography steps in antibody processes by using virus surrogates. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 36:e3057. [PMID: 33405373 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Viral safety is required for biological products to treat human diseases, and the burden of inactivation and or virus removal lies on the downstream purification process. Minute virus of mice (MVM) is a nonenveloped parvovirus commonly used as the worst-case model virus in validation studies because of its small size and high chemical stability. In this study, we investigated the use of MVM-mock virus particle (MVP) and bacteriophage ΦX174 as surrogates for MVM to mimic viral clearance studies, with a focus on chromatography operations. Based on structural models and comparison of log reduction value among MVM, MVP, and ΦX174, it was demonstrated that MVP can be used as a noninfectious surrogate to assess viral clearance during process development in multiple chromatography systems in a biosafety level one (BSL-1) laboratory. Protein A (ProA) chromatography was investigated to strategically assess the impact of the resin, impurities, and the monoclonal antibody product on virus removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dyer
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuanli Song
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bigelow
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer McGinnis
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren Jenkins
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanchayita Ghose
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Orchard JD, Cetlin D, Pallansch M, Barlow R, Borman J, Dhar A, Pallansch L, Dickson M. Using a noninfectious MVM surrogate for assessing viral clearance during downstream process development. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 36:e2921. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melanie Pallansch
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Arizona Tuscon Arizona
| | | | | | - Arun Dhar
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Arizona Tuscon Arizona
| | | | | |
Collapse
|