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Belyagoubi-Benhammou N, Belyagoubi L, Benmahieddine A, El Zerey-Belaskri A, Di Marco G, D'Agostino A, Canini A, Gismondi A. Nutraceutical Content and Biological Properties of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Fractions of the Phytocomplex from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Buds, Roots, and Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:611. [PMID: 38475458 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to obtain 12 aqueous extracts and 1 oil from Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica specimens. The samples differed for processed plant organs (i.e., roots, buds, and fruits), gender and geographical station of the collected trees. Total phenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were determined, revealing that bud extracts exhibited the highest phenolic content (386.785 ± 16.227 mg GAE/g DM), followed by fruit and root preparations. Similar results were detected for flavonoids and tannins, whose quantitation ranged from 0.014 ± 0.005 to 74.780 ± 9.724 mg CE/g DM and from 0.037 ± 0.003 to 14.793 ± 0.821 mg CE/g DM, respectively. The biochemical profile of the extracts was further characterized by HPLC-DAD, in terms of specific phenolics. This analysis identified gallic acid as a typical metabolite for ripe fruit, while hydroxytyrosol for female roots and male buds. In parallel, P. atlantica fruit oil was profiled by GC-MS analysis, which detected 37 lipophilic components, including palmitic acid (the major component, ~55%), anacardol, tetradecanol, arachidic acid, squalene, and some terpenes. The samples revealed interesting antioxidant activity, with EC50 values ranging from 0.073 ± 0.001 to 193.594 ± 28.942 mg/mL and from 0.029 ± 0.001 to 103.086 ± 20.540 mg/mL, in that order, for DPPH and reducing power assays. Concerning the total antioxidant capacity, the results ranged from 0.053 ± 0.008 to 51.648 ± 1.659 mg AAE/g DM. Finally, the antimicrobial potential of the plant extracts was estimated against 7 bacterial species and 2 fungal strains, known to be human pathogens, demonstrating a good antibiotic effect for the bud extracts. All these findings strongly suggest that P. atlantica would represent a natural reservoir for novel additives to be used in therapeutic, food, and cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Belyagoubi-Benhammou
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Larbi Belyagoubi
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Assia Benmahieddine
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Asma El Zerey-Belaskri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rizobia et Amélioration des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Gabriele Di Marco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Agostino
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Canini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Khammassi M, Amato G, Caputo L, Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, Kouki H, Amri I, Hamrouni L, De Feo V. Fatty Acid Profiles and Biological Activities of the Vegetable Oils of Argania spinosa, Pinus halepensis and Pistacia atlantica Grown in Tunisia: A Preliminary Study. Molecules 2023; 29:160. [PMID: 38202742 PMCID: PMC10779628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several foods are used in both the nutraceutical and health sectors; vegetable oils, for example, can prevent the onset of numerous diseases. The properties of these oils are related to their chemical composition and primarily to the presence of fatty acids. The present work aimed to determine the chemical profiles of Argania spinosa, Pinus halepensis, and Pistacia altantica oils, used in traditional Tunisian foods, and to evaluate some biological properties. We evaluated their antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Linoleic acid was the main component of the three oils. P. atlantica oil showed more significant inhibitory activity against the enzymes studied than A. spinosa and P. halepensis. All three oils showed similar antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, A. spinosa and P. halepensis oils showed antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa, with 30-40% inhibition. These results focus on the possible use of these oils in the nutraceutical and healthcare sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Khammassi
- Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, National Institute of Research on Rural Engineering, Water, and Forests, Ariana 2080, Tunisia; (M.K.); (I.A.); (L.H.)
| | - Giuseppe Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (G.A.); (V.D.F.)
| | - Lucia Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (G.A.); (V.D.F.)
| | - Filomena Nazzaro
- Institute of Food Science, National Research Council, Via Roma, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Florinda Fratianni
- Institute of Food Science, National Research Council, Via Roma, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Habiba Kouki
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, National Center of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia;
| | - Ismail Amri
- Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, National Institute of Research on Rural Engineering, Water, and Forests, Ariana 2080, Tunisia; (M.K.); (I.A.); (L.H.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, National Center of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia;
| | - Lamia Hamrouni
- Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, National Institute of Research on Rural Engineering, Water, and Forests, Ariana 2080, Tunisia; (M.K.); (I.A.); (L.H.)
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (G.A.); (V.D.F.)
- Institute of Food Science, National Research Council, Via Roma, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.N.); (F.F.)
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Yan C, Wang P, Zhao C, Yin G, Meng X, Li L, Cai S, Meng B. MicroRNA-155-5p Targets NR3C2 to Promote Malignant Progression of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Kidney Blood Press Res 2022; 47:354-362. [PMID: 35078194 DOI: 10.1159/000521745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular heterogeneity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) leads to a high mortality of the disease, which seriously threatens the life of patients. Therefore, this study explored the functional significance and mechanism of microRNA-155-5p and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2) in the regulation of ccRCC. METHODS Expression levels of microRNA-155-5p and NR3C2 mRNA in ccRCC cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression of NR3C2 in human ccRCC cells was measured by Western blot. Biological functions were determined through a series of in vitro experiments. The interaction between microRNA-155-5p and NR3C2 was tested by luciferase reporter gene assay. In addition, the effect of overexpressed or silenced microRNA-155-5p on cell phenotypes was evaluated in ccRCC cells. RESULTS Experimental data suggested that overexpression or silencing of microRNA-155-5p in ccRCC could boost or suppress cancer cell proliferation and other malignant behaviors. Rescue experiments revealed that microRNA-155-5p facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppressed the apoptosis of ccRCC by directly inhibiting the expression of NR3C2. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to generate new insights into the role of microRNA-155-5p/NR3C2 interaction in promoting the process of ccRCC, and it is possible to bring a turning point for the treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Yan
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Chaofei Zhao
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Guangwei Yin
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shengyong Cai
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
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Wen S, Sun Y, Li Y, Wen Y, Gao Y, Sagymbek A, Yu X. Physicochemical Characteristics and Functional Properties of Seed Oil from Four Different Cultivars of
S. Wilsoniana. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
| | - Yonglin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
| | - Altayuly Sagymbek
- Department of Food Science Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University 62 Zhenis Avenue Nur‐Sultan 010011 R. Kazakhstan
| | - Xiuzhu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road Yangling Shaanxi 712100 P. R. China
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Identification of 3-Methoxycarpachromene and Masticadienonic Acid as New Target Inhibitors against Trypanothione Reductase from Leishmania Infantum Using Molecular Docking and ADMET Prediction. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113335. [PMID: 34206087 PMCID: PMC8199445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic and Terpenoids are potent natural antiparasitic compounds. This study aimed to identify new drug against Leishmania parasites, leishmaniasis’s causal agent. A new in silico analysis was accomplished using molecular docking, with the Autodock vina program, to find the binding affinity of two important phytochemical compounds, Masticadienonic acid and the 3-Methoxycarpachromene, towards the trypanothione reductase as target drugs, responsible for the defense mechanism against oxidative stress and virulence of these parasites. There were exciting and new positive results: the molecular docking results show as elective binding profile for ligands inside the active site of this crucial enzyme. The ADMET study suggests that the 3-Methoxycarpachromene has the highest probability of human intestinal absorption. Through this work, 3-Methoxycarpachromene and Masticadienonic acid are shown to be potentially significant in drug discovery, especially in treating leishmaniasis. Hence, drug development should be completed with promising results.
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Khouja M, Alves RC, Melo D, Costa ASG, Nunes MA, Khaldi A, Oliveira MBPP, Messaoud C. Morphological and Chemical Differentiation between Tunisian Populations of Pinus halepensis, Pinus brutia, and Pinus pinaster. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100071. [PMID: 33871171 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The lipid fraction of seeds from different pine species and populations was studied regarding total lipid content, fatty acid profile and vitamin E composition. The investigated seeds contained a high percentage of lipid (13.6 to 31.5 %). Lipid fractions were found to be rich in vitamin E, which varied significantly among species and populations. P. halepensis (Ph-Hn) showed the highest content of vitamin E (256.3 mg/kg of seeds) and the uppermost content of α-tocopherol (44 mg/kg). However, P. halepensis (Ph-Kas) was the richest in γ-tocopherol (204.9 mg/kg). Lipid fractions had a low content of δ-tocopherol (1.2 to 3.6 mg/kg. The highest content of γ-tocotrienol (∼18 %) was determined for P. halepensis (Ph-Dc and Ph-Hn). Thirteen fatty acids were identified by GC-FID with significant variation between the investigated species. The linoleic acid was the major fatty acid followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid. The chemical differentiation among species for the composition of fatty acids and vitamin E was confirmed by PCA. Significant correlations were observed between the content of vitamin E and fatty acids and ecological parameters of P. halepensis populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Khouja
- National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Valorization of Medicinal Phytoresources, University of Carthage, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia.,National research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, University of Carthage, B.P. 10 Ariana, 2080, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rita C Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Melo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela S G Costa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Antonia Nunes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Abdelhamid Khaldi
- National research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, University of Carthage, B.P. 10 Ariana, 2080, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Chokri Messaoud
- National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Valorization of Medicinal Phytoresources, University of Carthage, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
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Ben Ahmed Z, Yousfi M, Viaene J, Dejaegher B, Demeyer K, Heyden YV. Four Pistacia atlantica subspecies (atlantica, cabulica, kurdica and mutica): A review of their botany, ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113329. [PMID: 32889035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pistacia atlantica (wild pistachio) belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, and growing from the Mediterranean basin to central Asia, especially in Iran, Turkey, Iraq and Saudi Arabia where it is extensively used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments related to relieving upper abdominal discomfort and pain, dyspepsia and peptic ulcer. OBJECTIVE Despite the diverse biological activities of P. atlantica, there is no current review summarizing medicinal properties of its subspecies, including cabulica, kurdica and mutica. Thus, this paper aims to explore the current understanding of the chemical, pharmacological, and biochemical properties of the extracts and the main active constituents found in each subspecies of this plant. METHODS Peer-reviewed articles, using "Pistacia atlantica" as search term (″all fields″), were retrieved from Scifinder, Pubmed, Science direct, Wiley, Springer, ACS, Scielo, Web of Science and other web search instruments (Google Scholar, Yahoo search). Papers published until July 2020 are considered. In addition, various books were consulted that contained botanical and ethnopharmacological information. The information provided in this review is based on peer-reviewed papers in English and French. RESULTS Phytochemical studies have shown the presence of numerous valuable compounds, including volatile compounds, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols. P. atlantica contains also minerals and trace elements, like iron, lead, copper, potassium, sodium and calcium; fatty acids, like oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acid; fat-soluble vitamins, such as α, β, γ and δ tocopherols; phytosterols, like betasitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and Δ5-avenasterol. Crude extracts and isolated compounds from P. atlantica show a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antinociceptive, wound healing, anticancer, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, urease inhibition, antihypertension, nipple fissure healing, antileishmanial and antiplasmodial activities. However, there are no reports summarizing the P. atlantica bioactivity, its therapeutic value, and the roles played by each of the numerous phytoconstituents. CONCLUSION Many traditional uses of P. atlantica and its subspecies have now been confirmed by pharmacologic research. Systematic phytochemical investigation of the P. atlantica subspecies and the pharmacological properties, especially the mechanisms of action and toxicology, to illustrate their ethnomedicinal use, to explore the therapeutic potential and support further health-care product development, will undoubtedly be the focus of further research. Therefore, detailed and extensive studies and clinical evaluation of P. atlantica subspecies should be carried out in future for the safety approval of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad Ben Ahmed
- Laboratory of Science Fundamental University Amar Telidji, BP37G, Laghouat, Algeria; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Yousfi
- Laboratory of Science Fundamental University Amar Telidji, BP37G, Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Johan Viaene
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bieke Dejaegher
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis and Bioelectrochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine CP205/6, Boulevard Du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kristiaan Demeyer
- Department of Toxicology, Dermato-Cosmetology and Pharmacognosy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1030, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
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Nutritional Content and Antioxidant Capacity of the Seed and the Epicarp in Different Ecotypes of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Subsp. atlantica. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091065. [PMID: 32825183 PMCID: PMC7570190 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites that occur naturally in all plants. Seeds are among the richest organs of plants in phytochemicals, vitamins and minerals. These compounds and their biological activities are of great importance for human health. This study aimed to analyze the phenolic composition and their antioxidant activity in the seeds and epicarps of six Algerian populations of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica growing along an aridity gradient from semi-arid to Saharan environmental conditions. Higher phenolic contents were observed in epicarp compared to seeds whatever the ecotype. The highest phenolic content of seeds and epicarps was observed in ecotype of Djelfa and the lowest values in Tiaret (T-Z). Phenolic composition, measured by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), showed that quercetin in epicarp, gallic and chlorogenic acids in seeds were the most present in all ecotypes. Large differences were observed between ecotypes for nutritional values. Seeds were rich in flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates and essential elements such as potassium, calcium, phosphorus and iron. These results highlighted the potential importance of Atlas pistachio fruits as a source of essential compounds that contribute to human health. Moreover, this underused species may serve a potential source for antioxidant components for alimentation and cosmetics purposes.
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