1
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Wild U, Hübner O, Meiners P, Kaifer E, Enders M, Himmel HJ. Intramolecular Through-Space Double-Electron Transfer Between A Pair of Redox-Active Guanidine Units Aligned by Dithiolate Bridges. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302418. [PMID: 37606189 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Using unconventional synthesis protocols, two redox-active triguanidine units are connected by a dithiolate bridge, aligning the two redox-active units in close proximity. The reduced, neutral and the tetracationic redox states with two dicationic triguanidine units are isolated and fully characterized. Then, the dicationic redox states are prepared by mixing the neutral and tetracationic molecules. At low temperatures, the dications are diamagnetic (singlet ground state) with two different triguanidine units (neutral and dicationic). At room temperature, the triplet state with two radical monocationic triguanidine units is populated. At low temperature (210 K), chemical exchange by intramolecular through-space electron-transfer between the two triguanidine units is evidenced by EXSY NMR spectroscopy. Intramolecular through-space transfer of two electrons from the neutral to the dicationic triguanidine unit is accompanied by migration of the counterions in opposite direction. The rate of double-electron transfer critically depends on the bridge. No electron-transfer is measured in the absence of a bridge (in a mixture of one dicationic and one neutral triguanidine), and relatively slow electron transfer if the bridge does not allow the two triguanidine units to approach each other close enough. The results give detailed, quantitative insight into the factors that influence intramolecular through-space double-electron-transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wild
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Meiners
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Fastie C, Li L, Bätcher M, Hilt G. Pre-electrolysis of LiClO 4 in Acetonitrile: Electrochemically Induced Protolytic Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation of Benzylic Ethers and Acetals with Allyl Trimethylsilane and Other Carbon Nucleophiles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12526-12530. [PMID: 37594465 PMCID: PMC10476155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The pre-electrolysis of LiClO4 in acetonitrile in an undivided cell applying only "catalytic" amounts of current (e.g., 0.05 F) led to the formation of a strong acidic medium for the activation of benzylic ethers and acetals. The activated primary and secondary benzylic ethers and acetals could be converted with a range of carbon nucleophiles, such as allyl trimethylsilane, silyl enol ethers, and enol acetates, for the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds. A chemoselective reaction was observed when electron-deficient benzylic acetals were converted with allyl trimethylsilane to the monoallylated products, whereas an electron-rich benzylic acetal led to the double allylated product under activation of both ether groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Fastie
- Institut für Chemie,
Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
| | - Luomo Li
- Institut für Chemie,
Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
| | - Moritz Bätcher
- Institut für Chemie,
Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für Chemie,
Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
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3
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Miyajima R, Ooe Y, Miura T, Ikoma T, Iwamoto H, Takizawa SY, Hasegawa E. Triarylamine-Substituted Benzimidazoliums as Electron Donor-Acceptor Dyad-Type Photocatalysts for Reductive Organic Transformations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10236-10248. [PMID: 37127911 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Triarylamine-substituted benzimidazoliums (BI+-PhNAr2), new electron donor-acceptor dyad molecules, were synthesized. Their photocatalytic properties for reductive organic transformations were explored using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, redox potential determinations, density functional theory calculations, transient absorption spectroscopy, and reduction reactions of selected substrates. The results show that irradiation of BI+-PhNAr2 promotes photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer to form a long-lived (∼300 μs) charge shifted state (BI•-PhN•+Ar2). In the pathway for photocatalysis of reduction reactions of substrates, BI•-PhN•+Ar2 is subsequently transformed to the neutral benzimidazolyl radical (BI•-PhNAr2) by single-electron transfer from the donor 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylbenzimidazoline (BIH-Ph) serving as a cooperative agent. Among the benzimidazoliums explored, the bromo-substituted analogue BI+-PhN(C6H4Br-p)2 in conjunction with BIH-Ph demonstrates the most consistent catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Miyajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuuki Ooe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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4
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Schulz J, Antala J, Císařová I, Štěpnička P. Beyond phosphorus: synthesis, reactivity, coordination behaviour and catalytic properties of 1,1'-bis(diphenylstibino)ferrocene. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1198-1211. [PMID: 36545831 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03770j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Compared to their widely studied phosphine counterparts, ferrocene stibines have received only marginal attention thus far. This paper describes the synthesis of 1,1'-bis(diphenylstibino)ferrocene (1*), which is an antimony analogue of the ubiquitous dppf, and our investigations into the reactivity and coordination behaviour of this compound. Thus, distibine 1 was oxidised to stiboranes fc(SbPh2X2)2 (X = Cl, 2*; F, 6*; fc = ferrocene-1,1'-diyl) and to stibine-stiborane Ph2SbfcSbPh2F2 (5*). Compounds 2 and 6 were easily hydrolysed to produce ferrocenophanes fc[SbPh2XOSbPh2X] (X = Cl, 3*; F, 7*). Removing the halogen from 3 with silver(I) salts afforded the corresponding ferrocenophanes with O-bound oxyanions, fc[SbPh2ZOSbPh2Z] (Z = NO3, 4a*; ClO4, 4b*), which were alternatively prepared from 2 and also converted back to 2 by adding a chloride source. Through investigations into the coordination behaviour of distibine 1, the following compounds were isolated and characterised: [(μ-ClO4)2{Ag(1-κ2Sb,Sb')}2] (8*), [Ag(1-κ2Sb,Sb')2]X (X = ClO4, 9a; SbF6, 9b*), [(μ(Sb,Sb')-1){(arene)MCl2}2] (10*, 11*) and [(arene)MCl(1-κ2Sb,Sb')][PF6] (12*, 13*; 10, 12: M/arene = Ru/η6-p-cymene, 11, 13; Rh/η5-C5Me5), [(η5-C5Me5)RuCl(1-κ2Sb,Sb')] (14), [MCl2(1-κ2Sb,Sb')] (M = Pd, 15*; Pt, 16*), [Pd(1-κ2Sb,Sb')2]X2 (X = BF4, 17a; SbF6, 17b*), [Pd(η2-ma)(1-κ2Sb,Sb')] (18*; ma = maleic anhydride), [(μ(Sb,Sb')-1)(AuCl)2] (19*), and [Au(1-κ2Sb,Sb')2]X (X = AuCl2, 20a*; SbF6, 20b*). Inspection of the structural parameters suggested that complexes featuring 1 exhibit less sterically strained structures than their dppf analogues due to longer M-Sb and Sb-C bonds, which reduce crowding around the ligated metal centre. Cyclic voltammetry and DFT calculations revealed that the primary electrochemical oxidation of 1 is reversible and occurs at the ferrocene unit. Based on preliminary catalytic tests in Suzuki-Miyaura biaryl coupling, Pd-1 complexes exhibited a lower efficiency than their respective Pd-dppf analogues. (An asterisk indicates that the crystal structure has been determined.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Schulz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Antala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Štěpnička
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
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5
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Mechanistic Aspects of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Aliphatic Amines and Aniline Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020471. [PMID: 36677530 PMCID: PMC9864799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of amines is an essential alternative to the conventional chemical transformation that provides critical routes for synthesising and modifying a wide range of chemically useful molecules, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. As a result, the anodic reactivity of these compounds has been extensively researched over the past seven decades. However, the different mechanistic aspects of the electrochemical oxidation of amines have never been discussed from a comprehensive and general point of view. This review examines the oxidation mechanism of aliphatic amines, amides, aniline and aniline derivatives, carbamates, and lactams, either directly oxidised at different electrode surfaces or indirectly oxidised by a reversible redox molecule, in which the reactive form was generated in situ. The mechanisms are compared and simplified to understand all possible pathways for the oxidation of amines using only a few general mechanisms. Examples of the application of these oxidation reactions are also provided.
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6
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Wild U, Hübner O, Enders M, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Connecting Organic Redox‐Active Building Blocks Through Mild Non‐Catalytic C‐H Activation. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wild
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Markus Enders
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Institut für Anorganische Chemie Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg GERMANY
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7
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Tay NES, Lehnherr D, Rovis T. Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2487-2649. [PMID: 34751568 PMCID: PMC10021920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) that enable bond formations not constrained by the rules of ionic or 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they enable 1e mechanisms capable of bypassing electronic or steric limitations and protecting group requirements, thus enabling synthetic chemists to disconnect molecules in new and different ways. However, while providing access to similar intermediates, electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis differ in several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key to designing new transformations and forging new bond disconnections. This review aims to highlight these differences and similarities between electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis by comparing their underlying physical chemistry principles and describing their impact on electrochemical and photochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E. S. Tay
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, United States
| | - Dan Lehnherr
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, United States
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8
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Breimaier S, Fröhlich N, Herberger J, Linseis M, Kivala M, Winter RF. Charge and Spin Delocalization in Mixed-Valent Vinylruthenium–Triarylamine-Conjugates with Planarized Triarylamines. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Breimaier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nina Fröhlich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich−Alexander-Universität Erlangen−Nürnberg, Nicolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Herberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Linseis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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9
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Miller-Clark LA, Christ PE, Ren T. Diruthenium aryl compounds - tuning of electrochemical responses and solubility. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:580-586. [PMID: 34904616 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein are the two new series of diruthenium aryl compounds: Ru2(DiMeOap)4(Ar) (1a-6a) (DiMeOap = 2-(3,5-dimethoxyanilino)pyridinate) and Ru2(m-iPrOap)4(Ar) (1b-5b) (m-iPrOap = 2-(3-iso-propoxyanilino)pyridinate), prepared through the lithium-halogen exchange reaction with a variety of aryl halides (Ar = C6H4-4-NMe2 (1), C6H4-4-tBu (2), C6H4-4-OMe (3), C6H3-3,5-(OMe)2 (4), C6H4-4-CF3 (5), C6H5 (6)). The molecular structures of these compounds were established with X-ray diffraction studies. Additionally, these compounds were characterized using electronic absorption and voltammetric techniques. Compounds 1a-6a and 1b-5b are all in the Ru25+ oxidation state, with a ground state configuration of σ2π4δ2(π*δ*)3 (S = 3/2). Use of the modified ap ligands (ap') resulted in moderate increases of product yield when compared to the unsubstituted Ru2(ap)4(Ar) (ap = 2-anilinopyridinate) series. Comparisons of the electrochemical properties of 1a-6a and 1b-5b against the Ru2(ap')Cl starting material reveals the addition of the aryl ligand cathodically shifted the Ru26+/5+ oxidation and Ru25+/4+ reduction potentials. These oxidation and reductions potentials are also strongly dependent on the p-substituent of the axial aryl ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter E Christ
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 4790, USA.
| | - Tong Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 4790, USA.
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10
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Weststrate NA, Hassenrück C, Liles DC, Lotz S, Görls H, Winter RF. Roles played by carbene substituents during ligand transfer reactions between tungsten fischer carbene complexes and [Pt(COD)Cl2]. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Chen M, Wang ZW. A microporous calcium-based MOF for separation of CH4 from C2 hydrocarbons and CO2. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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12
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Breimaier S, Winter RF. Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies on Triarylamine‐Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Dyads with Particularly Strong Triarylamine Donors. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Breimaier
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
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13
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Akintola O, Buchholz A, Görls H, Plass W. Modulator Induced Formation of a Neutral Framework Based on Trinuclear Cobalt(II) Clusters and Nitrilotribenzoic Acid: Synthesis, Magnetism, and Sorption Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluseun Akintola
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany
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14
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Hildebrandt A, Kovalski E, Korb M. (Spectro)electrochemical Properties of Anthracene Containing Triarylamine Platinum(II) Acetylides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
- The University of Western Australia Faculty of Science, School of Molecular Sciences Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
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15
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Weststrate N, Hassenrück C, Linseis M, Liles DC, Lotz S, Görls H, Winter RF. The Effect of Remote Donor Substituents on the Properties of Alkoxy and Amino Fischer Carbene Complexes of Tungsten. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Linseis
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz Konstanz 78457 Germany
| | - David C. Liles
- Department of Chemistry University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa
| | - Simon Lotz
- Department of Chemistry University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena 07743 Germany
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16
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Bonesi SM, Mella M, Merli D, Protti S. Photochemistry of Tris(2,4-dibromophenyl)amine and its Application to Co-oxidation on Sulfides and Phosphines †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1278-1288. [PMID: 33609291 DOI: 10.1111/php.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of tris(2,4-dibromophenyl)amine was investigated via time-resolved nanosecond spectroscopy. The tris(2,4-dibromophenyl)amine radical cation ("Magic Green") was immediately detected after the laser pulse; this intermediate then cyclizes to N-aryl-4a,4b-dihydrocarbazole radical cation. The latter transient reacted with molecular oxygen to provide the corresponding hydroperoxyl radical, which smoothly co-oxidize sulfides into sulfoxides. On the other hand, the photogenerated "Magic Green" was exploited to promote the co-oxidation of nucleophilic triarylphosphines to triarylphosphine oxides through an electron transfer process preventing the amine cyclization. In this case, the intermediate Ar3 POO•+ was found to play a key role in phosphine oxide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M Bonesi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariella Mella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Merli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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17
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Liu S, Klussmann M. Organo-redox-catalysis for the difunctionalization of alkenes and oxidative Ritter reactions by C–H functionalization. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Roll over transition metals-triarylamines are redox-catalysts, enabling olefin difunctionalization and C–H functionalization reactions by activating benzoyl peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensheng Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Martin Klussmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
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18
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Banziger SD, Raghavan A, Zeller M, Ren T. Co(cyclam) Complexes of Triarylamine-acetylide: Structural and Spectroscopic Properties and DFT Analysis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susannah D. Banziger
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Adharsh Raghavan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tong Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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19
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Aramaki Y, Imaizumi N, Hotta M, Kumagai J, Ooi T. Exploiting single-electron transfer in Lewis pairs for catalytic bond-forming reactions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4305-4311. [PMID: 34122888 PMCID: PMC8152713 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A single-electron transfer (SET) between tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6F5)3) and N,N-dialkylanilines is reported, which is operative via the formation of an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex involving π-orbital interactions as a key intermediate under dark conditions or visible-light irradiation depending on the structure of the aniline derivatives. This inherent SET in the Lewis pairs initiates the generation of the corresponding α-aminoalkyl radicals and their additions to electron-deficient olefins, revealing the ability of B(C6F5)3 to act as an effective one-electron redox catalyst. Radical–ion pair generation from common Lewis pairs and its application to catalytic carbon–carbon bond formation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Aramaki
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Naoki Imaizumi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Mao Hotta
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Jun Kumagai
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Takashi Ooi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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20
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Merz J, Dietz M, Vonhausen Y, Wöber F, Friedrich A, Sieh D, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Moos M, Holzapfel M, Lambert C, Marder TB. Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of New Red-to-NIR Emitting Donor-Acceptor Pyrene Derivatives. Chemistry 2020; 26:438-453. [PMID: 31593316 PMCID: PMC6973242 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized new pyrene derivatives with strong bis(para-methoxyphenyl)amine donors at the 2,7-positions and n-azaacene acceptors at the K-region of pyrene. The compounds possess a strong intramolecular charge transfer, leading to unusual properties such as emission in the red to NIR region (700 nm), which has not been reported before for monomeric pyrenes. Detailed photophysical studies reveal very long intrinsic lifetimes of >100 ns for the new compounds, which is typical for 2,7-substituted pyrenes but not for K-region substituted pyrenes. The incorporation of strong donors and acceptors leads to very low reduction and oxidation potentials, and spectroelectrochemical studies show that the compounds are on the borderline between localized Robin-Day class-II and delocalized Robin-Day class-III species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Yvonne Vonhausen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Frederik Wöber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Daniel Sieh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für ChemieOldenburg University Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9–11 26129 Oldenburg Germany
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22
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Merz J, Steffen A, Nitsch J, Fink J, Schürger CB, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Moos M, Mims D, Lambert C, Marder TB. Synthesis, photophysical and electronic properties of tetra-donor- or acceptor-substituted ortho-perylenes displaying four reversible oxidations or reductions. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7516-7534. [PMID: 31588303 PMCID: PMC6761871 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02420d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Via regioselective Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation and subsequent reactions (i.e., via Br4-Per or (BF3K)4-Per intermediates), we have introduced strong π-donors and acceptors at the 2,5,8,11-positions of perylene leading to unusual properties. Thus, incorporation of four donor diphenylamine (DPA) or four acceptor Bmes2 (mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) moieties yields novel compounds which can be reversibly oxidized or reduced four times, respectively, an unprecedented behavior for monomeric perylene derivatives. Spectroelectrochemical measurements show NIR absorptions up to 3000 nm for the mono-cation radical of (DPA)4-Per and a strong electronic coupling over the perylene bridge was observed indicative of fully delocalized Robin-Day Class III behavior. Both (DPA)4-Per and (Bmes2)4-Per derivatives possess unusually long intrinsic singlet lifetimes (τ 0), e.g., 94 ns for the former one. The compounds are emissive in solution, thin films, and the solid state, with apparent Stokes shifts that are exceptionally large for perylene derivatives. Transient absorption measurements on (DPA)4-Per reveal an additional excited state, with a long lifetime of 500 μs, which sensitizes singlet oxygen effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Julian Fink
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Claudia B Schürger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - David Mims
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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23
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Akintola O, Böhme M, Rudolph M, Buchholz A, Görls H, Plass W. Metal-Bonded Redox-Active Triarylamines and Their Interactions: Synthesis, Structure, and Redox Properties of Paddle-Wheel Copper Complexes. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:271-284. [PMID: 30859054 PMCID: PMC6396145 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new triphenylamine ligands with different substituents in the para position and their corresponding copper(II) complexes are reported. This study includes their structural, spectroscopic, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. The complexes possess a dinuclear copper(II) paddle-wheel core, a building unit that is also common in metal-organic frameworks. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the triphenylamine ligands and the corresponding complexes are susceptible to oxidation, resulting in the formation of stable radical cations. The square-wave voltammograms observed for the complexes are similar to those of the ligands, except for a slight shift in potential. Square-wave voltammetry data show that, in the complexes, these oxidations can be described as individual one-electron processes centered on the coordinated ligands. Spectroelectrochemistry reveals that, during the oxidation of the complexes, no difference can be detected for the spectra of successively oxidized species. For the absorption bands of the oxidized species of the ligands and complexes, only a slight shift is observed. ESR spectra for the chemically oxidized complexes indicate ligand-centered radicals. The copper ions of the paddle-wheel core are strongly antiferromagnetic coupled. DFT calculations for the fully oxidized complexes indicate a very weak ferromagnetic coupling between the copper ions and the ligand radicals, whereas a very weak antiferromagnetic coupling is found among the ligand radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseun Akintola
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
| | - Michael Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
| | - Manfred Rudolph
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieFriedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr. 807743JenaGermany
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24
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Hörner G, Rüffer T, Klein N, Lang H. Tailoring of the Frontier Orbital Character in Co
2+/3+
Complexes with Triarylamine Substituted Terpyridine Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Holm Petzold
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Institute of Chemistry Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Niels Klein
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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25
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Raghavan A, Mash BL, Ren T. Forging Ru–Csp2 Bonds in Paddlewheel Complexes Using the Lithium–Halogen Exchange Reaction. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2618-2626. [PMID: 30698963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adharsh Raghavan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Brandon L. Mash
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tong Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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26
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Ngue CM, Liu YH, Wen YS, Leung MK, Chiu CW, Lu KL. Spectroelectrochemical studies of the redox active tris[4-(triazol-1-yl)phenyl]amine linker and redox state manipulation of Mn(ii)/Cu(ii) coordination frameworks. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10122-10128. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01729a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In situ spectroelectrochemical methods were conducted to investigate the redox active tris(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine (TTPA) ligand and its incorporation into the solid state of Mn(ii) and Cu(ii) frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-May Ngue
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Yen-Hsiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fu Jen Catholic University
- New Taipei City 242
- Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Sheng Wen
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
| | - Man-Kit Leung
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
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27
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Speckmeier E, Fischer TG, Zeitler K. A Toolbox Approach To Construct Broadly Applicable Metal-Free Catalysts for Photoredox Chemistry: Deliberate Tuning of Redox Potentials and Importance of Halogens in Donor-Acceptor Cyanoarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15353-15365. [PMID: 30277767 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The targeted choice of specific photocatalysts has been shown to play a critical role for the successful realization of challenging photoredox catalytic transformations. Herein, we demonstrate the successful implementation of a rational design strategy for a series of deliberate structural manipulations of cyanoarene-based, purely organic donor-acceptor photocatalysts, using 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) as a starting point. Systematic modifications of both the donor substituents as well as the acceptors' molecular core allowed us to identify strongly oxidizing as well as strongly reducing catalysts (e.g., for an unprecedented detriflation of unactivated naphthol triflate), which additionally offer remarkably balanced redox potentials with predictable trends. Especially halogen arene core substitutions are instrumental for our targeted alterations of the catalysts' redox properties. Based on their preeminent electrochemical and photophysical characteristics, all novel, purely organic photoredox catalysts were evaluated in three challenging, mechanistically distinct classes of benchmark reactions (either requiring balanced, highly oxidizing or strongly reducing properties) to demonstrate their enormous potential as customizable photocatalysts, that outperform and complement prevailing typical best photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Speckmeier
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29 , D-04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Tillmann G Fischer
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29 , D-04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Kirsten Zeitler
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29 , D-04103 Leipzig , Germany
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28
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Lang H. A solvent- and temperature-dependent intramolecular equilibrium of diamagnetic and paramagnetic states in Co complexes bearing triaryl amines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13180-13189. [PMID: 30178800 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = o-substituted 2-(pyridine-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolines 1a-c) containing three redox active centres (a Co2+ ion and two triaryl amine (Tara) units) have been synthesised. The order of oxidation steps in [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = 1a-c) was determined using cyclic voltammetry and EPR/UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry. In acetonitrile solutions, at room temperature, the first oxidation is Co-centred followed by the Tara oxidation at more anodic potentials. The order of oxidation is inverted in solutions of the less polar solvent dichloromethane. The Co3+/2+-centred redox event leads to a spin transition between the paramagnetic high-spin (HS) Co2+ and the diamagnetic low-spin (LS) Co3+ state, which was proven using 1H NMR and EPR spectroscopy. After one-electron oxidation of [Co(L)2](ClO4)2, an equilibrium between the diamagnetic [Co3+(L)]3+ and paramagnetic [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+ state in [Co(L)2]3+ (L = 1a-c) was found. Cyclic voltammetry showed enhanced intermolecular electron transfer between the [Co2+(L)2]2+ and [Co3+(L)2]3+ redox states mediated by [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+. Variable temperature vis-NIR spectroscopy of in situ generated [Co(L)2]3+ revealed a temperature-dependent redox equilibrium between the [Co3+(L)2]3+ and the [Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ states (L = 1a-c). Magnetic coupling between the HS-Co2+ ion and the Tara+ radical in [HS-Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ (L = 1a,c) was deduced from broad and undetectable lines observed in the corresponding EPR spectra. Complete oxidation to [LS-Co3+(L+)2]5+ (L = 1a,c) leads to characteristic EPR spectra of Tara biradicals with non-interacting spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Holm Petzold
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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29
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Blanchard P, Malacrida C, Cabanetos C, Roncali J, Ludwigs S. Triphenylamine and some of its derivatives as versatile building blocks for organic electronic applications. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Blanchard
- Group Linear Conjugated Systems, MOLTECH‐Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200University of Angers Angers France
| | - Claudia Malacrida
- IPOC – Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Clément Cabanetos
- Group Linear Conjugated Systems, MOLTECH‐Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200University of Angers Angers France
| | - Jean Roncali
- Group Linear Conjugated Systems, MOLTECH‐Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200University of Angers Angers France
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- IPOC – Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
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30
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Speck JM, Rüffer T, Hörner G, Lang H. Spin Transition and Charge Transfer in Co2+
/Co3+
Complexes of Meridional Ligands Holding Nearby Redox-active Triarylamine. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Holm Petzold
- Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - J. Matthäus Speck
- Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Institute of Chemistry; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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31
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Eberhart MS, Bowers LMR, Shan B, Troian-Gautier L, Brennaman MK, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Completing a Charge Transport Chain for Artificial Photosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9823-9826. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Eberhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leah M. Rader Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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32
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Hole Catalysis as a General Mechanism for Efficient and Wavelength-Independent Z → E Azobenzene Isomerization. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Kovalski E, Korb M, Hildebrandt A. Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Optical Properties of Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium Complexes Bearing Triarylamine‐Anthracenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Kovalski
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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34
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Ngue CM, Chiu CW, Lee GH, Peng SM, Leung MK, Yang CI, Liu YH, Lu KL. A Co(ii) framework derived from a tris(4-(triazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine redox-active linker: an electrochemical and magnetic study. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9341-9346. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01658e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This is a rare case of a solid-state electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical study of coordination polymers. Furthermore, the framework exhibits an interesting field-induced magnetic spin-flop transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-May Ngue
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Man-Kit Leung
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Chen-I. Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tunghai University
- Taichung 407
- Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fu Jen Catholic University
- New Taipei City 242
- Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
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35
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36
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Hassenrück C, Winter RF. Manipulation and Assessment of Charge and Spin Delocalization in Mixed-Valent Triarylamine–Vinylruthenium Conjugates. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13517-13529. [PMID: 29035518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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37
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Lam K, Van Wyck SJ, Geiger WE. One-electron oxidation of chloroquine, cymanquine, and related aminoquinolines in nonaqueous media. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Kurata R, Ito A, Gon M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Diarylamino- and Diarylboryl-Substituted Donor–Acceptor Pyrene Derivatives: Influence of Substitution Pattern on Their Photophysical Properties. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5111-5121. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Kurata
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and ‡Department of
Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ito
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and ‡Department of
Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and ‡Department of
Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and ‡Department of
Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and ‡Department of
Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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39
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Zhang J, Guo SZ, Dong YB, Rao L, Yin J, Yu GA, Hartl F, Liu SH. Multistep Oxidation of Diethynyl Oligophenylamine-Bridged Diruthenium and Diiron Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1001-1015. [PMID: 28045545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Homo-dinuclear nonlinear complexes [{M(dppe)Cp*}2{μ-(-C≡C)2X}] (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane; Cp* = η5-C5Me5; X = triphenylamine (TPA), M = Ru (1a) and Fe (1b); X = N,N,N',N'-tetraphenylphenylene-1,4-diamine (TPPD), M = Ru (2a)) were prepared and characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (1a, 2a). Attempts to prepare the diiron analogue of 2a were not successful. Experimental data obtained from cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, UV-vis-NIR (NIR = near-infrared) spectro-electrochemistry, and very informative IR spectro-electrochemistry in the C≡C stretching region, combined with density functional theory calculations, afford to make an emphasizing assessment of the close association between the metal-ethynyl termini and the oligophenylamine bridge core as well as their respective involvement in sequential one-electron oxidations of these complexes. The anodic behavior of the homo-bimetallic complexes depends strongly both on the metal center and the length of the oligophenylamine bridge core. The poorly separated first two oxidations of diiron complex 1b are localized on the electronically nearly independent Fe termini. In contrast, diruthenium complex 1a exhibits a significantly delocalized character and a marked electronic communication between the ruthenium centers through the diethynyl-TPA bridge. The ruthenium-ethynyl halves in 2a, separated by the doubly extended and more flexible TPPD bridge core, show a lower degree of electronic coupling, resulting in close-lying first two anodic waves and the NIR electronic absorption of [2a]+ with an indistinctive intervalence charge transfer character. Finally, the third anodic waves in the voltammetric responses of the homo-bimetallic complexes are associated with the concurrent exclusive oxidation of the TPA or TPPD bridge cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shen-Zhen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Li Rao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Ao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading , Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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40
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Akintola O, Hornig D, Buchholz A, Görls H, Plass W. Solvent-dependent selective cation exchange in anionic frameworks based on cobalt(ii) and triphenylamine linkers: reactor-dependent synthesis and sorption properties. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:8037-8050. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01405h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Two anionic cobalt(ii) MOFs were obtained dependent on the reactor design and show a solvent-dependent cation exchange leading to a remarkable increase in the surface area of post-synthetic modified materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseun Akintola
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - David Hornig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
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41
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Akintola O, Ziegenbalg S, Buchholz A, Görls H, Plass W. A robust anionic pillared-layer framework with triphenylamine-based linkers: ion exchange and counterion-dependent sorption properties. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00369b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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42
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Speck JM, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Korb M. Redox properties and electron transfer in a triarylamine-substituted HS-Co2+/LS-Co3+ redox couple. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2690-2698. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04748c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The redox and electron transfer properties of a triarylamine decorated HS-Co2+/LS-Co3+ redox couple were investigated by coupled EPR/UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Holm Petzold
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - J. Matthäus Speck
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden)
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden)
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
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43
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Wu P, Guo X, Cheng L, He C, Wang J, Duan C. Photoactive Metal–Organic Framework and Its Film for Light-Driven Hydrogen Production and Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8153-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Linjuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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44
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Schäfer M, Beattie NA, Geetharani K, Schäfer J, Ewing WC, Krahfuß M, Hörl C, Dewhurst RD, Macgregor SA, Lambert C, Braunschweig H. Synthesis of Functionalized 1,4-Azaborinines by the Cyclization of Di-tert-butyliminoborane and Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8212-20. [PMID: 27286231 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Di-tert-butyliminoborane is found to be a very useful synthon for the synthesis of a variety of functionalized 1,4-azaborinines by the Rh-mediated cyclization of iminoboranes with alkynes. The reactions proceed via [2 + 2] cycloaddition of iminoboranes and alkynes in the presence of [RhCl(PiPr3)2]2, which gives a rhodium η(4)-1,2-azaborete complex that yields 1,4-azaborinines upon reaction with acetylene. This reaction is compatible with substrates containing more than one alkynyl unit, cleanly affording compounds containing multiple 1,4-azaborinines. The substitution of terminal alkynes for acetylene also led to 1,4-azaborinines, enabling ring substitution at a predetermined location. We report the first general synthesis of this new methodology, which provides highly regioselective access to valuable 1,4-azaborinines in moderate yields. A mechanistic rationale for this reaction is supported by DFT calculations, which show the observed regioselectivity to arise from steric effects in the B-C bond coupling en route to the rhodium η(4)-1,2-azaborete complex and the selective oxidative cleavage of the B-N bond of the 1,2-azaborete ligand in its subsequent reaction with acetylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Schäfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Beattie
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - K Geetharani
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schäfer
- Insitute für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - William C Ewing
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Krahfuß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hörl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Insitute für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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45
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Schäfer M, Schäfer J, Dewhurst RD, Ewing WC, Krahfuß M, Kuntze-Fechner MW, Wehner M, Lambert C, Braunschweig H. Regioselective Catalytic and Stepwise Routes to Bulky, Functional-Group-Appended, and Luminescent 1,2-Azaborinines. Chemistry 2016; 22:8603-9. [PMID: 27166798 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The regioselective syntheses of 1,2-azaborinines is achieved using an unsymmetrical iminoborane through both catalytic and stepwise modular routes. The 1,2-azaborinine ring can be selectively functionalized in the 4- and/or 6-position through control of the stepwise reaction sequence, allowing access to vinyl-functionalized and redox-active, luminescent, donor-functionalized 1,2-azaborinines. The electrochemistry and photochemistry of a tetraarylamine-substituted 1,2-azaborinine are studied. Cyclic voltammetry of this compound, relative to a non-B,N-substituted reference molecule, showed an additional oxidation wave assigned to the oxidation of the azaborinine ring, while emission spectroscopy indicated that the azaborinine was significantly more fluorescent than the reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Schäfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schäfer
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - William C Ewing
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Krahfuß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian W Kuntze-Fechner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marius Wehner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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46
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Fink D, Weibert B, Winter RF. Redox-active tetraruthenium metallacycles: reversible release of up to eight electrons resulting in strong electrochromism. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6103-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00936k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tetraruthenium macrocycles with 1,4-divinylphenylene and diarylamine-substituted isophthalic acids as the sides display up to eight one-electron redox steps and rich electrochromic behaviour with strong absorptions of the dications in the near infrared and of the tetra- and hexacations at low energies in the visible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fink
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Universität Konstanz
- D-78453 Konstanz
- Germany
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47
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Dhara B, Sappati S, Singh SK, Kurungot S, Ghosh P, Ballav N. Coordination polymers of Fe(iii) and Al(iii) ions with TCA ligand: distinctive fluorescence, CO2uptake, redox-activity and oxygen evolution reaction. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6901-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00009f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Remarkable differences in the physicochemical properties of metal–organic gels of Fe(iii) and Al(iii) ions with the TCA ligand is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- IISER Pune
- India
- Department of Physics
- IISER Pune
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48
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Steeger M, Holzapfel M, Schmiedel A, Lambert C. Energy redistribution dynamics in triarylamine–triarylborane containing hexaarylbenzenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:13403-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01923d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hexaarylbenzenes with triarylamine donors and triarylborane acceptors show rapid energy transfer (∼3 ps) as proved by pump–probe spectroscopy with fs-time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Steeger
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - M. Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - A. Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - C. Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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49
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Saloman S, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Schwind M, Lang H. Electronic Tuneable Dynamic and Electrochemical Behavior ofN-(Diferrocenylmethylene)anilines. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201500557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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50
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Zhao M, Su J, Zhang J, Wu JY, Tian YP. A zinc(II) metal–organic framework with a novel topology formed from 4,4′,4′′-nitrilotribenzoate and 4,4′-bipyridine ligands. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2015; 71:799-803. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053229615014813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A metal–organic framework with a novel topology, poly[sesqui(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine)bis(dimethylformamide)bis(μ4-4,4′,4′′-nitrilotribenzoato)trizinc(II)], [Zn3(C21H12NO6)2(C10H8N2)1.5(C3H7NO)2]n, was obtained by the solvothermal method using 4,4′,4′′-nitrilotribenzoic acid and 4,4′-bipyridine (bipy). The structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, possesses three kinds of crystallographically independent ZnIIcations, as well as binuclear Zn2(COO)4(bipy)2paddle-wheel clusters, and can be reduced to a novel topology of a (3,3,6)-connected 3-nodal net, with the Schläfli symbol {5.62}4{52.6}4{58.87} according to the topological analysis.
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