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Patil PD, Jin Y, Luk YY. Chemical control over Asialo-GM1: A dual ligand for pili and Lectin A that activates swarming motility and facilitates adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 215:112478. [PMID: 35390596 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipid, ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide (asialo-GM1), on the mammalian cells are known to be recognized by type IV pili of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this work, we show that asialo-GM1 can also be recognized by Lectin A (LecA), another adhesin protein of the P. aeruginosa, by a fluorescent polarization assay, a label-free bacterial motility enabled binding assay, and bacterial mutant studies. On hydrated semi-solid gel surfaces, asialo-GM1 enables swarming and twitching motilities, while on solid surfaces facilitates the bacterial adherence of P. aeruginosa. These results indicate that asialo-GM1 can modulate bioactivities, adherence, and motilities, that are controlled by opposite signaling pathways. We demonstrate that when a solution of pilin monomers or LecA proteins are spread on hydrated gel surfaces, the asialo-GM1 mediated swarming motility is inhibited. Treatment of artificial liposomes containing asialo-GM1 as a component of lipid bilayer with pilin monomers or LecA proteins caused transient leakage of encapsulated dye from liposomes. These results suggest that pili and LecA proteins not only bind to asialo-GM1 but can also cause asialo-GM1 mediated leakage. We also show that both pili and LecA mutants of P. aeruginosa adhere to asialo-GM1 coated solid surfaces, and that a class of synthetic ligands for pili and LecA inhibits both pili and LecA-mediated adherence of P. aeruginosa on asialo-GM1-coated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj D Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Yuchen Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Yan-Yeung Luk
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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Patil PD, Zheng H, Burns FN, Ibanez ACS, Jin Y, Luk YY. Chimeric Ligands of Pili and Lectin A Inhibit Tolerance, Persistence, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa over a Wide Range of Phenotypes. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1582-1593. [PMID: 35658414 PMCID: PMC9379910 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Bacteria readily
form resilient phenotypes to counter environmental
and antibiotic stresses. Here, we demonstrate a class of small molecules
that inhibit a wide range of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenotypes and enable antibiotics to kill previously tolerant bacteria,
preventing the transition of tolerant bacteria into a persistent population.
We identified two proteins, type IV pili and lectin LecA, as receptors
for our molecules by methods including a new label-free assay based
on bacterial motility sensing the chemicals in the environment, the
chemical inhibition of bacteriophage adsorption on pili appendages
of bacteria, and fluorescence polarization. Structure–activity
relationship studies reveal a molecule that inhibits only pili appendage
and a class of chimeric ligands that inhibit both LecA and pili. Important
structural elements of the ligand are identified for each protein.
This selective ligand binding identifies the phenotypes each protein
receptor controls. Inhibiting LecA results in reducing biofilm formation,
eliminating small colony variants, and is correlated with killing
previously tolerant bacteria. Inhibiting pili appendages impedes swarming
and twitching motilities and pyocyanin and elastase production. Because
these phenotypes are controlled by a broad range of signaling pathways,
this approach simultaneously controls the multiple signaling mechanisms
preventing bacteria to elude antibiotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj D Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Hewen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Felicia N Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Arizza C S Ibanez
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Yuchen Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Yan-Yeung Luk
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
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Burns FN, Alila MA, Zheng H, Patil PD, Ibanez ACS, Luk YY. Exploration of Ligand-receptor Binding and Mechanisms for Alginate Reduction and Phenotype Reversion by Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1975-1985. [PMID: 33666373 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria in general can develop a wide range of phenotypes under different conditions and external stresses. The phenotypes that reside in biofilms, overproduce exopolymers, and show increased motility often exhibit drug tolerance and drug persistence. In this work, we describe a class of small molecules that delay and inhibit the overproduction of alginate by a non-swarming mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among these molecules, selected benzophenone-derived alkyl disaccharides cause the mucoid bacteria to swarm on hydrated soft agar gel and revert the mucoid to a nonmucoid phenotype. The sessile (biofilm) and motile (swarming) phenotypes are controlled by opposing signaling pathways with high and low intracellular levels of bis-(3',5')-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (cdG), respectively. As our molecules control several of these phenotypes, we explored a protein receptor, pilin of the pili appendages, that is consistent with controlling these bioactivities and signaling pathways. To test this binding hypothesis, we developed a bacterial motility-enabled binding assay that uses the interfacial properties of hydrated gels and bacterial motility to conduct label-free ligand-receptor binding studies. The structure-activity correlation and receptor identification reveal a plausible mechanism for reverting mucoid to nonmucoid phenotypes by binding pili appendages with ligands capable of sequestering and neutralizing reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia N Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Mercy A Alila
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Hewen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Pankaj D Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Arizza Chiara S Ibanez
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Yan-Yeung Luk
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 CST, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
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Ma H, Bell J, Chen W, Mani S, Tang JX. An expanding bacterial colony forms a depletion zone with growing droplets. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2315-2326. [PMID: 33480951 PMCID: PMC8608367 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01348j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Many species of bacteria have developed effective means to spread on solid surfaces. This study focuses on the expansion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on an agar gel surface under conditions of minimal evaporation. We report the occurrence and spread of a depletion zone within an expanded colony, where the bacteria laden film becomes thinner. The depletion zone is colocalized with a higher concentration of rhamnolipids, the biosurfactants that are produced by the bacteria and accumulate in the older region of the colony. With continued growth in population, dense bacterial droplets occur and coalesce in the depletion zone, displaying remarkable fluid dynamic behavior. Whereas expansion of a central depletion zone requires activities of live bacteria, new zones can be seeded elsewhere by adding rhamnolipids. These depletion zones due to the added surfactants expand quickly, even on plates covered by bacteria that have been killed by ultraviolet light. We explain the observed properties based on considerations of bacterial growth and secretion, osmotic swelling, fluid volume expansion, interfacial fluid dynamics involving Marangoni and capillary flows, and cell-cell cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Jordan Bell
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Weijie Chen
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. and Department of Medicine, Genetics and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Genetics and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jay X Tang
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Abstract
Bacteria can migrate in groups of flagella-driven cells over semisolid surfaces. This coordinated form of motility is called swarming behavior. Swarming is associated with enhanced virulence and antibiotic resistance of various human pathogens and may be considered as favorable adaptation to the diverse challenges that microbes face in rapidly changing environments. Consequently, the differentiation of motile swarmer cells is tightly regulated and involves multi-layered signaling networks. Controlling swarming behavior is of major interest for the development of novel anti-infective strategies. In addition, compounds that block swarming represent important tools for more detailed insights into the molecular mechanisms of the coordination of bacterial population behavior. Over the past decades, there has been major progress in the discovery of small-molecule modulators and mechanisms that allow selective inhibition of swarming behavior. Herein, an overview of the achievements in the field and future directions and challenges will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Rütschlin
- Department of ChemistryKonstanz Research, School Chemical Biology, ZukunftskollegUniversity of Konstanz78457KonstanzGermany
| | - Thomas Böttcher
- Department of ChemistryKonstanz Research, School Chemical Biology, ZukunftskollegUniversity of Konstanz78457KonstanzGermany
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Yang A, Tang WS, Si T, Tang JX. Influence of Physical Effects on the Swarming Motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biophys J 2017; 112:1462-1471. [PMID: 28402888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many species of bacteria can spread over a moist surface via a particular form of collective motion known as "surface swarming". This form of motility is typically studied by inoculating bacteria on a gel formed by 0.4-1.5% agar, which contains essential nutrients for their growth and proliferation. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its pili-less mutant, ΔPilA, we investigate physical factors that either facilitate or restrict the swarming motility, measured by the rate of increase in area covered by a spreading bacterial colony, i.e., a swarm. The wild-type colony spreads over the agar surface in highly branched structures. The pili-less mutant fills up the area more fully as it spreads, but it also produces numerous and fragmented branches, or tendrils, at the swarm front. Whereas additional surfactants enhance swarming, increasing the agar percentage, adding extra salt or sugar or incorporating viscous agents in the agar matrix all decrease swarming, supporting the conclusion that swarming motility is restricted by the surface tension at the swarm front and swarm growth is limited by the rate of water supply from within the agar gel. The physical basis elaborated through this study provides a useful framework for understanding the swarming behavior of numerous species of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yang
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Wai Shing Tang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Tieyan Si
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jay X Tang
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
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Synergistic action of amphotericin B and rhamnolipid in combination on Candida parapsilosis and Trichosporon cutaneum. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zheng H, Singh N, Shetye GS, Jin Y, Li D, Luk YY. Synthetic analogs of rhamnolipids modulate structured biofilms formed by rhamnolipid-nonproducing mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1830-1838. [PMID: 28236509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Rhamnolipids secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are required for the bacteria to form biofilm efficiently and form biofilm with internal structures including pores and channels. In this work, we explore the effect of a class of synthetic analogs of rhamnolipids at controlling (promoting and inhibiting) the biofilm formation activities of a non-rhamnolipid-producing strain - rhlA - of P. aeruginosa. This class of rhamnolipid analogs is known to modulate the swarming motilities of wild-type PAO1 and rhlA mutant, but its effect on biofilm formation of rhlA mutant is unknown. We show that small structural details of these molecules are important for the bioactivities, but do not affect the general physical properties of the molecules. The bioactive synthetic analogs of rhamnolipids promote biofilm formation by rhlA mutant at low concentrations, but inhibit the biofilm formation at high concentrations. To explore the internal structures formed by the biofilms, we first demonstrate that wild-type biofilms are formed with substantial topography (hills and valleys) when the sample is under shaking conditions. Using this observation as a comparison, we found that synthetic analogs of rhamnolipids promoted structured (porous) biofilm of rhlA mutant, at intermediate concentrations between the low ones that promoted biofilm formation and the high ones that inhibited biofilm formation. This study suggests a potential chemical signaling approach to control multiple bacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewen Zheng
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, United States
| | - Nischal Singh
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, United States
| | - Gauri S Shetye
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, United States
| | - Yucheng Jin
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, United States
| | - Diana Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, United States
| | - Yan-Yeung Luk
- Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, United States.
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