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Patil PD, Zheng H, Burns FN, Ibanez ACS, Jin Y, Luk YY. Chimeric Ligands of Pili and Lectin A Inhibit Tolerance, Persistence, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa over a Wide Range of Phenotypes. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1582-1593. [PMID: 35658414 PMCID: PMC9379910 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Bacteria readily
form resilient phenotypes to counter environmental
and antibiotic stresses. Here, we demonstrate a class of small molecules
that inhibit a wide range of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenotypes and enable antibiotics to kill previously tolerant bacteria,
preventing the transition of tolerant bacteria into a persistent population.
We identified two proteins, type IV pili and lectin LecA, as receptors
for our molecules by methods including a new label-free assay based
on bacterial motility sensing the chemicals in the environment, the
chemical inhibition of bacteriophage adsorption on pili appendages
of bacteria, and fluorescence polarization. Structure–activity
relationship studies reveal a molecule that inhibits only pili appendage
and a class of chimeric ligands that inhibit both LecA and pili. Important
structural elements of the ligand are identified for each protein.
This selective ligand binding identifies the phenotypes each protein
receptor controls. Inhibiting LecA results in reducing biofilm formation,
eliminating small colony variants, and is correlated with killing
previously tolerant bacteria. Inhibiting pili appendages impedes swarming
and twitching motilities and pyocyanin and elastase production. Because
these phenotypes are controlled by a broad range of signaling pathways,
this approach simultaneously controls the multiple signaling mechanisms
preventing bacteria to elude antibiotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj D Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Hewen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Felicia N Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Arizza C S Ibanez
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Yuchen Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Yan-Yeung Luk
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center of Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
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Siebs E, Shanina E, Kuhaudomlarp S, da Silva Figueiredo Celestino Gomes P, Fortin C, Seeberger PH, Rognan D, Rademacher C, Imberty A, Titz A. Targeting the Central Pocket of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lectin LecA. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100563. [PMID: 34788491 PMCID: PMC9300185 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic ESKAPE pathogen that produces two lectins, LecA and LecB, as part of its large arsenal of virulence factors. Both carbohydrate‐binding proteins are central to the initial and later persistent infection processes, i. e. bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The biofilm matrix is a major resistance determinant and protects the bacteria against external threats such as the host immune system or antibiotic treatment. Therefore, the development of drugs against the P. aeruginosa biofilm is of particular interest to restore efficacy of antimicrobials. Carbohydrate‐based inhibitors for LecA and LecB were previously shown to efficiently reduce biofilm formations. Here, we report a new approach for inhibiting LecA with synthetic molecules bridging the established carbohydrate‐binding site and a central cavity located between two LecA protomers of the lectin tetramer. Inspired by in silico design, we synthesized various galactosidic LecA inhibitors with aromatic moieties targeting this central pocket. These compounds reached low micromolar affinities, validated in different biophysical assays. Finally, X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed the interactions of this compound class with LecA. This new mode of action paves the way to a novel route towards inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Siebs
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF) Standort Hannover-, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elena Shanina
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sakonwan Kuhaudomlarp
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Cloé Fortin
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Didier Rognan
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR 7200 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Labs, Biocenter 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne Imberty
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF) Standort Hannover-, Braunschweig, Germany
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3
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Shanina E, Siebs E, Zhang H, Varón Silva D, Joachim I, Titz A, Rademacher C. Protein-observed 19F NMR of LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Glycobiology 2020; 31:159-165. [PMID: 32573695 PMCID: PMC7874386 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate-binding protein LecA (PA-IL) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays an important role in the formation of biofilms in chronic infections. Development of inhibitors to disrupt LecA-mediated biofilms is desired but it is limited to carbohydrate-based ligands. Moreover, discovery of drug-like ligands for LecA is challenging because of its weak affinities. Therefore, we established a protein-observed 19F (PrOF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to probe ligand binding to LecA. LecA was labeled with 5-fluoroindole to incorporate 5-fluorotryptophanes and the resonances were assigned by site-directed mutagenesis. This incorporation did not disrupt LecA preference for natural ligands, Ca2+ and d-galactose. Following NMR perturbation of W42, which is located in the carbohydrate-binding region of LecA, allowed to monitor binding of low-affinity ligands such as N-acetyl d-galactosamine (d-GalNAc, Kd = 780 ± 97 μM). Moreover, PrOF NMR titration with glycomimetic of LecA p-nitrophenyl β-d-galactoside (pNPGal, Kd = 54 ± 6 μM) demonstrated a 6-fold improved binding of d-Gal proving this approach to be valuable for ligand design in future drug discovery campaigns that aim to generate inhibitors of LecA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shanina
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Free University of Berlin, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Siebs
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Saarland University, Department of Pharmacy, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hengxi Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Free University of Berlin, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Varón Silva
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Free University of Berlin, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Joachim
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Saarland University, Department of Pharmacy, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Saarland University, Department of Pharmacy, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,Free University of Berlin, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Denavit V, Lainé D, Bouzriba C, Shanina E, Gillon É, Fortin S, Rademacher C, Imberty A, Giguère D. Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluorinated Galactopyranosides as Potential Molecular Probes for Galactophilic Proteins: Assessment of Monofluorogalactoside- LecA Interactions. Chemistry 2019; 25:4478-4490. [PMID: 30690814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The replacement of hydroxyl groups by fluorine atoms on hexopyranoside scaffolds may allow access to invaluable tools for studying various biochemical processes. As part of ongoing activities toward the preparation of fluorinated carbohydrates, a systematic investigation involving the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of mono- and polyfluorinated galactopyranosides is described. Various monofluorogalactopyranosides, a trifluorinated, and a tetrafluorinated galactopyranoside have been prepared using a Chiron approach. Given the scarcity of these compounds in the literature, in addition to their synthesis, their biological profiles were evaluated. Firstly, the fluorinated compounds were investigated as antiproliferative agents using normal human and mouse cells in comparison with cancerous cells. Most of the fluorinated compounds showed no antiproliferative activity. Secondly, these carbohydrate probes were used as potential inhibitors of galactophilic lectins. The first transverse relaxation-optimized spectroscopy (TROSY) NMR experiments were performed on these interactions, examining chemical shift perturbations of the backbone resonances of LecA, a virulence factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, taking advantage of the fluorine atom, the 19 F NMR resonances of the monofluorogalactopyranosides were directly monitored in the presence and absence of LecA to assess ligand binding. Lastly, these results were corroborated with the binding potencies of the monofluorinated galactopyranoside derivatives by isothermal titration calorimetry experiments. Analogues with fluorine atoms at C-3 and C-4 showed weaker affinities with LecA as compared to those with the fluorine atom at C-2 or C-6. This research has focused on the chemical synthesis of "drug-like" low-molecular-weight inhibitors that circumvent drawbacks typically associated with natural oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Denavit
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Danny Lainé
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Chahrazed Bouzriba
- Oncology Division, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Quebec City, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elena Shanina
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Émilie Gillon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Fortin
- Oncology Division, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Quebec City, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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Müller SK, Wilhelm I, Schubert T, Zittlau K, Imberty A, Madl J, Eierhoff T, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Gb3-binding lectins as potential carriers for transcellular drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:141-153. [PMID: 27935765 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1266327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epithelial cell layers as well as endothelia forming the blood-brain barrier can drastically reduce the efficiency of drug targeting. Our goal was to investigate lectins recognizing the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) for their potential as carriers for transcytotic drug delivery. METHODS We utilized an in vitro model based on Madin-Darby canine kidney cells transfected with Gb3 synthase to characterize transcytosis of the Gb3-binding lectins LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the B-subunit of Shiga toxin (StxB). RESULTS Both lectins were rapidly transcytosed from the apical to the basolateral plasma membrane and vice versa. Whereas StxB proceeded on retrograde and transcytotic routes, LecA avoided retrograde transport. This differential trafficking could be explained by our observation that LecA and StxB segregated into different domains during endocytosis. Furthermore, inhibiting the small GTPase Rab11a, which organizes trafficking through apical recycling endosomes, blocked basolateral to apical transcytosis of both lectins. CONCLUSIONS Gb3-binding lectins are promising candidates for transcytotic drug delivery. Our findings highlight that LecA and StxB, which both bind Gb3 but exhibit dissimilar valence and molecular structures of their carbohydrate binding sites and can take divergent intracellular trafficking routes. This opens up the possibility of developing tailor-made glycosphingolipid-binding carrier lectins, which take optimized trafficking pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan K Müller
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Isabel Wilhelm
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Thomas Schubert
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Katharina Zittlau
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- d Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, UPR5301 , CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Josef Madl
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Thorsten Eierhoff
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
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6
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Grishin AV, Krivozubov MS, Karyagina AS, Gintsburg AL. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Lectins As Targets for Novel Antibacterials. Acta Naturae 2015; 7:29-41. [PMID: 26085942 PMCID: PMC4463410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most widespread and troublesome opportunistic pathogens that is capable of colonizing various human tissues and organs and is often resistant to many currently used antibiotics. This resistance is caused by different factors, including the acquisition of specific resistance genes, intrinsic capability to diminish antibiotic penetration into the bacterial cell, and the ability to form biofilms. This situation has prompted the development of novel compounds differing in their mechanism of action from traditional antibiotics that suppress the growth of microorganisms or directly kill bacteria. Instead, these new compounds should decrease the pathogens' ability to colonize and damage human tissues by inhibiting the virulence factors and biofilm formation. The lectins LecA and LecB that bind galactose and fucose, as well as oligo- and polysaccharides containing these sugars, are among the most thoroughly-studied targets for such novel antibacterials. In this review, we summarize the results of experiments highlighting the importance of these proteins for P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and provide information on existing lectins inhibitors and their effectiveness in various experimental models. Particular attention is paid to the effects of lectins inhibition in animal models of infection and in clinical practice. We argue that lectins inhibition is a perspective approach to combating P. aeruginosa. However, despite the existence of highly effective in vitro inhibitors, further experiments are required in order to advance these inhibitors into pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Grishin
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Str., 42, Moscow, 127550, Russia
| | - M. S. Krivozubov
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia
| | - A. S. Karyagina
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Str., 42, Moscow, 127550, Russia,Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, bld. 40, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A. L. Gintsburg
- Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia
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Novoa A, Eierhoff T, Topin J, Varrot A, Barluenga S, Imberty A, Römer W, Winssinger N. A LecA ligand identified from a galactoside-conjugate array inhibits host cell invasion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8885-9. [PMID: 25044671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lectin LecA is a virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa involved in lung injury, mortality, and cellular invasion. Ligands competing with human glycoconjugates for LecA binding are thus promising candidates to counteract P. aeruginosa infections. We have identified a novel divalent ligand from a focused galactoside(Gal)-conjugate array which binds to LecA with very high affinity (Kd = 82 nM). Crystal structures of LecA complexed with the ligand together with modeling studies confirmed its ability to chelate two binding sites of LecA. The ligand lowers cellular invasiveness of P. aeruginosa up to 90 % when applied in the range of 0.05-5 μM. Hence, this ligand might lead to the development of drugs against P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Novoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva (Switzerland)
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Keogh D, Thompson R, Larragy R, McMahon K, O'Connell M, O'Connor B, Clarke P. Generating novel recombinant prokaryotic lectins with altered carbohydrate binding properties through mutagenesis of the PA-IL protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2091-104. [PMID: 24462641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prokaryotic lectins offer significant advantages over eukaryotic lectins for the development of enhanced glycoselective tools. Amenability to recombinant expression in Escherichia coli simplifies their production and presents opportunities for further genetic manipulation to create novel recombinant prokaryotic lectins (RPLs) with altered or enhanced carbohydrate binding properties. This study explored the potential of the α-galactophilic PA-IL lectin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa for use as a scaffold structure for the generation of novel RPLs. METHOD Specific amino acid residues in the carbohydrate binding site of a recombinant PA-IL protein were randomly substituted by site-directed mutagenesis. The resulting expression clones were then functionally screened to identify clones expressing rPA-IL proteins with altered carbohydrate binding properties. RESULTS This study generated RPLs exhibiting diverse carbohydrate binding activities including specificity and high affinity for β-linked galactose and N-acetyl-lactosamine (LacNAc) displayed by N-linked glycans on glycoprotein targets. Key amino acid substitutions were identified and linked with specific carbohydrate binding activities. Ultimately, the utility of these novel RPLs for glycoprotein analysis and for selective fractionation and isolation of glycoproteins and their glycoforms was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The carbohydrate binding properties of the PA-IL protein can be significantly altered using site-directed mutagenesis strategies to generate novel RPLs with diverse carbohydrate binding properties. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The novel RPLs reported would find a broad range of applications in glycobiology, diagnostics and in the analysis of biotherapeutics. The ability to readily produce these RPLs in gram quantities could enable them to find larger scale applications for glycoprotein or biotherapeutic purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Keogh
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Roisin Thompson
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC), National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ruth Larragy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC), National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Kenneth McMahon
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael O'Connell
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Brendan O'Connor
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC), National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paul Clarke
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC), National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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