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Parsons LW, Berben LA. Expanding the Scope of Aluminum Chemistry with Noninnocent Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1087-1097. [PMID: 38581655 PMCID: PMC11025028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusAluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust at 8%, and it is also widely available domestically in many countries worldwide, which ensures a stable supply chain. To further the applications of aluminum (Al), such as in catalysis and electronic and energy storage materials, there has been significant interest in the synthesis and characterization of new Al coordination compounds that can support electron transfer (ET) and proton transfer (PT) chemistry. This has been achieved using redox and chemically noninnocent ligands (NILs) combined with the highly stable M(III) oxidation state of Al and in some cases the heavier group 13 ions, Ga and In.When ligands participate in redox chemistry or facilitate the breaking or making of new bonds, they are often termed redox or chemically noninnocent, respectively. Al(III) in particular supports rich ligand-based redox chemistry because it is so redox inert and will support the ligand across many charge and protonation states without entering into the reaction chemistry. To a lesser extent, we have reported on the heavier group 13 elements Ga and In, and this chemistry will also be included in this Account, where available.This Account is arranged into two technical sections, which are (1) Structures of Al-NIL complexes and (2) Reactivity of Al-NIL complexes. Highlights of the research work include reversible redox chemistry that has been enabled by ligand design to shut down radical coupling pathways and to prevent loss of H2 from unsaturated ligand sites. These reversible redox properties have in turn enabled the characterization of Class III electron delocalization through Al when two NIL are bound to the Al(III) in different charge states. Characterization of the metalloaromatic character of square planar Al and Ga complexes has been achieved, and characterization of the delocalized electronic structures has provided a model within which to understand and predict the ET and PT chemistry of the NIL group 13 compounds. The capacity of Al-NIL complexes to perform ET and PT has been employed in reactions that use ET or PT reactivity only or in reactions where coupled ET/PT affords hydride transfer chemistry. As an example, ligand-based PT reactions initiate metal-ligand cooperative bond activation pathways for catalysis: this includes acceptorless dehydrogenation of formic acid and anilines and transfer hydrogenation chemistry. In a complementary approach, ligand based ET/PT chemistry has been used in the study of dihydropyridinate (DHP-) chemistry where it was shown that N-coordination of group 13 ions lowers kinetic barriers to DHP- formation. Taken together, the discussion presented herein illustrates that the NIL chemistry of Al(III), and also of Ga(III) and In(III) holds promise for further developments in catalysis and energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo W.
T. Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Louise A. Berben
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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2
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Koptseva TS, Skatova AA, Moskalev MV, Rumyantcev RV, Fedushkin IL. Diversity of transformation of heteroallenes on acenaphthene-1,2-diimine aluminum oxide. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4643-4651. [PMID: 38357860 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The reactions of oxide [(dpp-bian)Al(μ2-O)2Al(dpp-bian)] (1) (dpp-bian = 1,2-bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene) with phenyl- or cyclohexylisocyanates result in the formation of carbonimidate derivatives [(dpp-bian)Al(μ-O)(μ-RNCO2)Al(dpp-bian)] (R = Ph, 2; Cy, 3). Addition of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to compound 1 leads to the formation of ureate complex [(dpp-bian)Al(μ-O)(μ-(CyN)2CO)Al(dpp-bian)] (4). The reactions of the oxide 1 with pinacolborane and catecholborane afford oxo-bridged hydride [{(dpp-bian)Al(H)}(μ-O){Al(OBpin)(dpp-bian)}] (5) and compound [{(dpp-bian)Al(OBCat)}2(μ-O)] (7), respectively. Insertion of cyclohexylisocyanate into the Al-H bond of compound 5 gives CO insertion product [{(dpp-bian)Al(OC(H)NCy)}(μ-O){Al(OBpin)(dpp-bian)}] (6). New compounds have been characterized by ESR and IR spectroscopy; their molecular structures have been established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The oxide 1 serves as a catalyst for the hydroboration of heteroallenes (isocyanates, carbodiimides) with pinacolborane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana S Koptseva
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexandra A Skatova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail V Moskalev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Roman V Rumyantcev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Igor L Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
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Rajput S, Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Gallium Hydride-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Unsaturated Organic Substrates. Chempluschem 2024:e202300737. [PMID: 38437065 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The first examples of tetrasubstituted conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) supported monomeric and thermally stable gallium dihalides [LGaX2], (X=Cl (Ga-Cl), I (Ga-I)) and dihydride (Ga-H) [LGaH2] (where L={(ArHN)(ArN)-C=N-C=(NAr)(NHAr)}; Ar=2,6-Et2-C6H3) compounds are reported. The reaction of in situ generated LLi with 1.0 equiv. GaX3 (X=Cl, I) afforded compounds Ga-Cl and Ga-I. The reaction between Ga-Cl and Li[HBEt3] in benzene yielded the dihydride compound Ga-H. All reported compounds (Ga-Cl, Ga-I, and Ga-H) were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Ga-H was probed for the hydroboration of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, and isothiocyanates with HBpin. Compound Ga-H was also found effective for the catalytic hydroboration of imines, nitriles, alkynes, esters, and formates, affording the corresponding products in quantitative yields. Stoichiometric reactions with a CDI were performed to establish the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrika Rajput
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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4
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Yan B, Ma X, Pang Z, Yang Z. Chemoselective Luche-type reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones by aluminium hydride catalysis. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4127-4131. [PMID: 38315772 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03987k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A novel, simple, eco-friendly, non-toxic aluminium catalyst was synthesised for the chemoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones. A wide range of ketones were achieved with excellent yields, mild conditions, and low catalyst loading. Furthermore, this unprecedented method allowed for the stereoselective reduction of natural ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyuan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
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5
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Goswami S, Mandal P, Sarkar S, Mukherjee M, Pal S, Mallick D, Mukherjee D. Flexible NHC-aryloxido aluminum complex and its zwitterionic imidazolium aluminate precursor in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1346-1354. [PMID: 38164613 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Anionic donor-functionalized NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes of Al are rare. We report one such case here, an NHC-aryloxido AlMe2 complex [Al(L)Me2] (2), following a stepwise synthesis from the proligand [HO-4,6-tBu2-C6H2-2-CH2{CH(NCHCHNAr)}]Br [LH2Br; Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3 (Dipp)] and AlMe3via the zwitterionic intermediate [Al(LH)Me2Br] (1). The ligand's flexibility in 2 is evident from the conformational fluxionality revealed by VT-1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The ∠O-Al-C (ca. 100.5°) bite angle is also wider than the ∠O-Ti-C (ca. 80.6°) as seen in our recently reported Ti complex [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br]. DFT analysis showed that the CNHC-Al bond is significantly ionic, as is the CNHC-Ti bond. Both 1 and 2 are active in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL). 2, similar to [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br], exhibits bifunctional MLC-type monomer activation, but only at an elevated temperature. However, the 2/BnOH combination is catalytically active at room temperature, likely through a zwitterionic [Al(LH)Me2(OBn)]. The 1/BnOH combination follows a similar mechanism but surprisingly at a faster rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santu Goswami
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pranay Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subham Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mainak Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Samanwita Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
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Kumar K, Kumar Sahani R, Garai S, Bhattacharya S. Synthesis and structural features of indium(III) furan-2-thiocarboxylates showing efficient catalytic activity toward multicomponent reactions via Knoevenagel condensation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17499-17513. [PMID: 37960984 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02681g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of furan-2-thiocarboxylate complexes of indium(III), Et3NH[In(SCOf)4] (1), iPr2NH2[In(SCOf)4] (2), [In(2,2'-bipy)(SCOf)3] (3a), and [In(1,10-phen)(SCOf)3] (3b), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Complex 4, [In(TMEDA)(SCOf)(SH)2], was obtained by the partial hydrolysis of [In(TMEDA)(SCOf)3] (3). Heterobimetallic complexes [(SCOf)2In(μ-SCOf)2Cu(PPh3)2] (5) and [(SCOf)2In(μ-SCOf)2Ag(PPh3)2] (6), were also synthesized and characterized. In an attempt to synthesize the binary compound, In(SCOf)3 (7), a thioester fCOSCH2SCOf (8) was obtained serendipitously; thus, a novel convenient approach for thioester synthesis is introduced. The catalytic activities of all the complexes were assessed for Knoevenagel condensation and Knoevenagel initiated MCRs for the synthesis of chromene and imidazopyrimidine derivatives and it was found that complex 2 is a very efficient catalyst (much superior to the previously reported ones).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Raj Kumar Sahani
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Somenath Garai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Subrato Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
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Saito K, Kusumoto S, Nozaki K. Boron Polycation Supported by Cyclic Bis(carbodiphosphorane). Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302060. [PMID: 37534571 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel cyclic bis(carbodiphosphorane) ligand was prepared and investigated in coordination with group 13 elements, B, Al, and Ga. Al and Ga afforded dinuclear adduct where two metal centers were bridged by the bis(carbodiphosphorane) ligand. In contrast, the reaction with boron trichloride afforded a monomeric dicationic three-coordinate boron species composed of one boron moieties and one ligand. The structures of these products were determined by X-ray crystallography. In the dicationic boron compound, the sterically constrained cyclic structure enforced the boron center to acquire strained trigonal geometry with wide C-B-C angle of 140°. Furthermore, theoretical investigation with DFT and NBO suggested a significant contribution of tricationic two-coordinate boron resonance structure supported by two CDP ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakeru Saito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kusumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Werner L, Hagn J, Walpuski J, Radius U. Aluminum(III) Cations [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes 2 ] + : Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in FLP-Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202312111. [PMID: 37877231 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The three-coordinate aluminum cations ligated by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2 ]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- (NHC=IMeMe 4, IiPrMe 5, IiPr 6, Mes=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) were prepared via hydride abstraction of the alanes (NHC) ⋅ AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe 1, IiPrMe 2, IiPr 3) using [Ph3 C]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- in toluene as hydride acceptor. If this reaction was performed in diethyl ether, the corresponding four-coordinate aluminum etherate cations [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2 (OEt2 )]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- 7-9 (NHC=IMeMe 7, IiPrMe 8, IiPr 9) were isolated. According to a theoretical and experimental assessment of the Lewis-acidity of the [(IMeMe ) ⋅ AlMes2 ]+ cation is the acidity larger than that of B(C6 F5 )3 and of similar magnitude as reported for Al(C6 F5 )3 . The reaction of [(IMeMe ) ⋅ AlMes2 ]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- 4 with the sterically less demanding, basic phosphine PMe3 afforded a mixed NHC/phosphine stabilized cation [(IMeMe ) ⋅ AlMes2 (PMe3 )]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- 10. Equimolar mixtures of 4 and the sterically more demanding PCy3 gave a frustrated Lewis-pair (FLP), i.e., [(IMeMe ) ⋅ AlMes2 ]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- /PCy3 FLP-11, which reacts with small molecules such as CO2 , ethene, and 2-butyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julika Hagn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Janis Walpuski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Sarkar N, Kumar Sahoo R, Nembenna S. Aluminium-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides to Alcohols: C-O Bond Activation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203023. [PMID: 36226774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the molecular aluminium dihydride complex bearing an N, N'-chelated conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) ligand is used as a catalyst for reducing a wide range of aryl and alkyl esters with good tolerance of alkene (C=C), alkyne (C≡C), halides (Cl, Br, I and F), nitrile (C≡N), and nitro (NO2 ) functionalities. Further, we investigated the catalytic application of aluminium dihydride in the C-O bond cleavage of alkyl and aryl epoxides into corresponding branched Markovnikov ring-opening products. In addition, the chemoselective intermolecular reduction of esters over other reducible functional groups, such as amides and alkenes, has been established. Intermediates are isolated and characterized by NMR and HRMS studies, which confirm the probable catalytic cycles for the hydroboration of esters and epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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10
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Bidentate and Tridentate Coordination Modes of Bis(3-methylindolyl)-2-(1-methylimidazolyl)methane in Complexes of Aluminum and Gallium. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Barthélemy A, Scherer H, Krossing I. Direct Comparison of Subvalent, Polycationic Group 13 Cluster Compounds: Lessons learned on Isoelectronic DMPE Substituted Gallium and Indium Tetracation Salts. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201369. [PMID: 35695015 PMCID: PMC9796046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tetracationic, univalent cluster compounds [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ (M=Ga, In; dmpe=bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) were synthesized as their pf salts ([pf]- =[Al(ORF )4 ]- ; RF =C(CF3 )3 ). The four-membered ring in [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ is slightly puckered for M=Ga and almost square planar for M=In. Yet, although structurally similar, only the gallium cluster is prevalent in solution, while the indium cluster forms temperature dependent equilibria that include even the monomeric cation [In(dmpe)]+ . This system is the first report of one and the same ligand inducing formation of isoelectronic and isostructural gallium/indium cluster cations. The system allows to study systematically analogies and differences with thermodynamic considerations and bonding analyses, but also to outline perspectives for bond activation using cationic, subvalent group 13 clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
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12
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Gaona MA, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Caballero MP, Francés-Poveda E, Rodríguez AM, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, North M, Castro-Osma JA, Lara-Sánchez A. Closing the loop in the synthesis of heteroscorpionate-based aluminium helicates: catalytic studies for cyclic carbonate synthesis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11302-11315. [PMID: 35822413 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel polynuclear helical aluminium complexes supported by bulky heteroscorpionate ligands have been developed and characterised. The use of bulkier ligands has allowed the isolation of unprecedented intermediates for the preparation of helical aluminium complexes. The catalytic activity of these aluminium complexes for cyclic carbonates formation has also been investigated under mild reaction conditions. The combination of complex 16 and Bu4NBr catalysed the synthesis of a broad range of monosubstituted cyclic carbonates from their corresponding epoxides and CO2 at 25 °C and one bar of CO2 pressure. This catalyst system also showed good catalytic activity for the preparation of disubstituted cyclic carbonates from internal epoxides and CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Gaona
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - María P Caballero
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Enrique Francés-Poveda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Michael North
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda. de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, 02071-Albacete, Spain.
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
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13
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Nayak DK, Sarkar N, Sampath CM, Sahoo RK, Nembenna S. Organoaluminum Catalyzed Guanylation and Hydroboration Reactions of Carbodiimides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Nayak
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Chabathula Manoj Sampath
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
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Sarkar N, Kumar Sahoo R, Ganesh Patro A, Nembenna S. Aluminum-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Carbonyls and Dehydrocoupling of Alcohols, Phenols, Amines, Thiol, Selenol, Silanols with HBpin. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Wehmschulte RJ, Bayliss B, Reed S, Wesenberg C, Morgante P, Peverati R, Neal S, Chouinard CD, Tolosa D, Powell DR. Zinc Ammonio-dodecaborates: Synthesis, Lewis Acid Strength, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7032-7042. [PMID: 35471017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Two series of zinc salts, [EtZn][A] and Zn[A]2, with weakly coordinating anions [A]- as counterions have been prepared, and their activities as catalysts for hydrosilylation reactions of 1-hexene, benzophenone, and acetophenone have been investigated. The counterions and per- and partially chlorinated 1-ammonio-closo-dodecaborate anions [Me3NB12Cl11]- [1]-, [Pr3NB12H5Cl6]- [2]-, [Bu3NB12H4Cl7]- [3]-, and [Hex3NB12H5Cl6]- [4]- were chosen as potential and more readily available alternatives to carborate anions such as [CHB11Cl11]- and [HexCB11Cl11]-. The basicity of anion [4]- was determined as being close to that of the triflimide anion [N(SO2CF3)2]-, and the fluoride ion affinities (FIAs) of compounds [EtZn][2] and Zn[2]2 are lower than those of the Lewis acids B(C6F5)3 and Zn[HexCB11Cl11]2. The higher anion basicity and the resulting lower Lewis acidity of the zinc centers result in low activity in 1-hexene hydrosilylation catalysis and only moderate activity in the hydrosilylation catalysis of benzophenone and acetophenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J Wehmschulte
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Brittany Bayliss
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Sydney Reed
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Corey Wesenberg
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Pierpaolo Morgante
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Roberto Peverati
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Shon Neal
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Christopher D Chouinard
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Daniela Tolosa
- Chemistry Program, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Douglas R Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
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16
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Yan B, Dutta S, Ma X, Ni C, Koley D, Yang Z, Roesky HW. Organoaluminum hydrides catalyzed hydroboration of carbonates, esters, carboxylic acids, and carbon dioxide. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6756-6765. [PMID: 35420111 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00785a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reductive functionalization of the CO unit of carbonates, carboxylic acids, esters, and CO2, respectively has received great attention since its introduction. This method is often used industrially for the synthesis of high value-added energy products in chemistry. This opens up a new way forward to reduce greenhouse gases and the consumption of traditional energy sources. Herein, we report an earth-abundant, cheap, and readily available aluminum dihydride, which can catalyze the reduction of a range of carbonates, esters, carboxylic acids, and CO2, respectively in the presence of pinacolborane as a reducing agent. Moreover, we demonstrate that the reaction can proceed to obtain good yield products under mild conditions, with low catalyst loading and solvent-free reactions. The mechanism of the catalytic reduction of carbonates has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Yan
- School of Chemstry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India.
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemstry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Congjian Ni
- School of Chemstry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India.
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemstry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Herbert W Roesky
- Dr. P. H. W. Roesky, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttin-gen, Tammannnstr. 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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17
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Gong X, Deng P, Cheng J. Calcium Mediated C—H Silylation of Aromatic Heterocycles with Hydrosilanes. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chang Chun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry CHINA
| | - Peng Deng
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chang Chun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Renmin Street. No. 5625 130022 Changchun CHINA
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18
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Hsu CP, Liu CA, Wen CC, Liu YH, Lin YF, Chiu CW. Chiral Bis(oxazoline) Ligand‐Supported Alkyl Aluminum Cations. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Kaohsiung Medical University Fragrance and Cosmetic Science TAIWAN
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- National Taiwan University Department of Chemistry No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd. 10617 Taipei TAIWAN
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19
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Guo R, Zhang X, Li T, Li Q, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung CH, Kong L. Unraveling the reactivity of a cationic iminoborane: avenues to unusual boron cations. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2303-2309. [PMID: 35310477 PMCID: PMC8864711 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00002d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cationic terminal iminoborane [Mes*N
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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B ← IPr2Me2][AlBr4] (3+[AlBr4]−) (Mes* = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl and IPr2Me2 = 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) has been synthesized and characterized. The employment of an aryl group and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand enables 3+[AlBr4]− to exhibit both B-centered Lewis acidity and BN multiple bond reactivities, thus allowing for the construction of tri-coordinate boron cations 5+–12+. More importantly, initial reactions involving coordination, addition, and [2 + 3] cycloadditions have been observed for the cationic iminoborane, demonstrating the potential to build numerous organoboron species via several synthetic routes. An NHC-stabilized aryliminoboryl cation exhibits both boron-centered Lewis acidity and multiple bond reactivity and could be utilized as an effective synthon for unusual cationic boron species.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - David A Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjian Ni
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of chemistry CHINA
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhi Yang
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen Department of Chemistry Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen GERMANY
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21
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Barthélemy A, Glootz K, Scherer H, Hanske A, Krossing I. Ga +-catalyzed hydrosilylation? About the surprising system Ga +/HSiR 3/olefin, proof of oxidation with subvalent Ga + and silylium catalysis with perfluoroalkoxyaluminate anions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:439-453. [PMID: 35126976 PMCID: PMC8729802 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05331k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Already 1 mol% of subvalent [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]- ([pf]- = [Al(ORF)4]-, RF = C(CF3)3) initiates the hydrosilylation of olefinic double bonds under mild conditions. Reactions with HSiMe3 and HSiEt3 as substrates efficiently yield anti-Markovnikov and anti-addition products, while bulkier substrates such as HSiiPr3 are less reactive. Investigating the underlying mechanism by gas chromatography and STEM analysis, we unexpectedly found that H2 and metallic Ga0 formed. Without the addition of olefins, the formation of R3Si-F-Al(ORF)3 (R = alkyl), a typical degradation product of the [pf]- anion in the presence of a small silylium ion, was observed. Electrochemical analysis revealed a surprisingly high oxidation potential of univalent [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]- in weakly coordinating, but polar ortho-difluorobenzene of E 1/2(Ga+/Ga0; oDFB) = +0.26-0.37 V vs. Fc+/Fc (depending on the scan rate). Apparently, subvalent Ga+, mainly known as a reductant, initially oxidizes the silane and generates a highly electrophilic, silane-supported, silylium ion representing the actual catalyst. Consequently, the [Ga(PhF)2]+[pf]-/HSiEt3 system also hydrodefluorinates C(sp3)-F bonds in 1-fluoroadamantane, 1-fluorobutane and PhCF3 at room temperature. In addition, both catalytic reactions may be initiated using only 0.2 mol% of [Ph3C]+[pf]- as a silylium ion-generating initiator. These results indicate that silylium ion catalysis is possible with the straightforward accessible weakly coordinating [pf]- anion. Apparently, the kinetics of hydrosilylation and hydrodefluorination are faster than that of anion degradation under ambient conditions. These findings open up new windows for main group catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Kim Glootz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Annaleah Hanske
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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22
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Singh G, Nagaraja C. Highly efficient metal/solvent-free chemical fixation of CO2 at atmospheric pressure conditions using functionalized porous covalent organic frameworks. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Kremláček V, Hejda M, Rychagova E, Ketkov S, Jambor R, Růžička A, Dostál L. Probing Limits of a C=C Bond Activation by N‐Coordinated Organopnictogen(I) Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Elena Rychagova
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Ketkov
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
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24
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Álvarez‐Miguel L, Burgoa JD, Mosquera MEG, Hamilton A, Whiteoak CJ. Catalytic Formation of Cyclic Carbonates using Gallium Aminotrisphenolate Compounds and Comparison to their Aluminium Congeners: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Álvarez‐Miguel
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá Campus Universitario 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Jesús Damián Burgoa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá Campus Universitario 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Marta E. G. Mosquera
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá Campus Universitario 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Alex Hamilton
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre (BMRC) and Department of Biosciences and Chemistry College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences Sheffield Hallam University Howard Street Sheffield S1 1WB United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Whiteoak
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR) Universidad de Alcalá Campus Universitario 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
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25
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Rios Yepes Y, Mesías-Salazar Á, Becerra A, Daniliuc CG, Ramos A, Fernández-Galán R, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Antiñolo A, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Rojas RS. Mono- and Dinuclear Asymmetric Aluminum Guanidinates for the Catalytic CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yersica Rios Yepes
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Ángela Mesías-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Alexandra Becerra
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alberto Ramos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Galán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avenida de la Fuente Nueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Antiñolo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Fernando Carrillo-Hermosilla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
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26
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Dehmel M, Köhler A, Görls H, Kretschmer R. Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of group 13 hydride complexes based on amido-amine ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8434-8445. [PMID: 34037004 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01454d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of group 13 hydride complexes supported by N,N',N'-substituted 1,2-ethanediamines is reported. Dihydridoalanes LAlH2, for which the aggregation behaviour in solution and in the solid state is modulated by the steric bulk of the aryl substituent, readily react with elemental sulphur affording dinuclear aluminium sulphide complexes. Chloridohydrido trielanes LEHCl (E = B, Al, Ga) have been synthesized as well starting from the hydrochloride salts of the protio-ligands and the chlorido substituent within LAlHCl is readily replaced using Li[N(SiMe3)2]. Depending on the steric bulk of the ligand, the chloridohydrido gallane gives rise to a dinuclear gallium(ii) complex upon heating. All twelve complexes reported in here have been fully characterized and the solid-state structure of eleven complexes has been examined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Dehmel
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Angelina Köhler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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27
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Zhang C, Wang J, Su W, Lin Z, Ye Q. Synthesis, Characterization, and Density Functional Theory Studies of Three-Dimensional Inorganic Analogues of 9,10-Diboraanthracene-A New Class of Lewis Superacids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8552-8558. [PMID: 33984238 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional inorganic analogues of 9,10-diboraanthracene, B2X2(C2B10H10)2 (X = Cl, 1; X = Br, 2), were attained by salt elimination of Li2C2B10H10 and trihaloboranes. The methyl- and phenyl-substituted compounds B2Me2(C2B10H10)2 (3) and B2Ph2(C2B10H10)2 (4) were obtained by treating 1 or 2 with the corresponding Grignard reagents. These compounds were fully characterized by NMR, cyclic voltammetry (CV), IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Experimental (CV and Gutmann-Beckett method) and computational (fluoride ion affinity, hydride ion affinity and LUMO energy) results suggest that the order of Lewis acidity is 2 > 1 > 4 > 3 > SbF5. Treatment of 1 or 2 with HSiEt3 gave a rare neutral borane-silane adduct, (Et3SiH)2B2H2(C2B10H10)2 (5). The equilibrium of 5 in solution was thoroughly investigated by spectroscopy and quantum calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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28
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Hsu CP, Liu YH, Boobalan R, Lin YF, Chein RJ, Chiu CW. Chiral Tetra-coordinate Aluminum Cation in Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Pei Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jie Chein
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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29
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Cationic aluminum complexes supported on tridentate O,N,O platform and activity studies in the ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Ghosh D, Kumar GR, Subramanian S, Tanaka K. More Than Just a Reagent: The Rise of Renewable Organohydrides for Catalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:824-841. [PMID: 33369102 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stoichiometric carbon dioxide reduction to highly reduced C1 molecules, such as formic acid (2e- ), formaldehyde (4e- ), methanol (6e- ) or even most-reduced methane (8e- ), has been successfully achieved by using organosilanes, organoboranes, and frustrated Lewis Pairs (FLPs) in the presence of suitable catalyst. The development of renewable organohydride compounds could be the best alternative in this regard as they have shown promise for the transfer of hydride directly to CO2 . Reduction of CO2 by two electrons and two protons to afford formic acid by using renewable organohydride molecules has recently been investigated by various groups. However, catalytic CO2 reduction to ≥2e- -reduced products by using renewable organohydride-based molecules has rarely been explored. This Minireview summarizes important findings in this regard, encompassing both stoichiometric and catalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bangalore, 560027, Karnataka, India
| | - George Rajendra Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Subramanian
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (KUIAS/iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Ritsumeikan University, 525-8577 Noji-higashi, 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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31
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Lipshultz JM, Li G, Radosevich AT. Main Group Redox Catalysis of Organopnictogens: Vertical Periodic Trends and Emerging Opportunities in Group 15. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1699-1721. [PMID: 33464903 PMCID: PMC7934640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of organopnictogen redox catalytic methods have emerged-especially within the past 10 years-that leverage the plentiful reversible two-electron redox chemistry within Group 15. The goal of this Perspective is to provide readers the context to understand the dramatic developments in organopnictogen catalysis over the past decade with an eye toward future development. An exposition of the fundamental differences in the atomic structure and bonding of the pnictogens, and thus the molecular electronic structure of organopnictogen compounds, is presented to establish the backdrop against which organopnictogen redox reactivity-and ultimately catalysis-is framed. A deep appreciation of these underlying periodic principles informs an understanding of the differing modes of organopnictogen redox catalysis and evokes the key challenges to the field moving forward. We close by addressing forward-looking directions likely to animate this area in the years to come. What new catalytic manifolds can be developed through creative catalyst and reaction design that take advantage of the intrinsic redox reactivity of the pnictogens to drive new discoveries in catalysis?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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32
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Abstract
The use of CO2 as a C1 building block for chemical synthesis is receiving growing attention, due to the potential of this simple molecule as an abundant and cheap renewable feedstock. Among the possible reductants used in the literature to bring about CO2 reduction to C1 derivatives, hydroboranes have found various applications, in the presence of suitable homogenous catalysts. The current minireview article summarizes the main results obtained since 2016 in the synthetic design of main group, first and second row transition metals for use as catalysts for CO2 hydroboration.
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33
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Jung HJ, Cho Y, Kim D, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of cationic charge allows cationic group 13 complexes to be excellent Lewis acid catalysts. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis are comprehensively reviewed based on the reaction type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Youngjung Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Diana Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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34
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Mikhaylov VN, Kazakov IV, Parfeniuk TN, Khoroshilova OV, Scheer M, Timoshkin AY, Balova IA. The carbene transfer to strong Lewis acids: copper is better than silver. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2872-2879. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Air-stable copper(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes are excellent reagents for carbene transfer to Lewis Acids based on group 13 metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
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35
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Saltarini S, Villegas-Escobar N, Martínez J, Daniliuc CG, Matute RA, Gade LH, Rojas RS. Toward a Neutral Single-Component Amidinate Iodide Aluminum Catalyst for the CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates. Inorg Chem 2020; 60:1172-1182. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Saltarini
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Nery Villegas-Escobar
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Javier Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ricardo A. Matute
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
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36
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Strianese M, Pappalardo D, Mazzeo M, Lamberti M, Pellecchia C. Salen-type aluminum and zinc complexes as two-faced Janus compounds: contribution to molecular sensing and polymerization catalysis. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16533-16550. [PMID: 33140763 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02639e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to highlight the most recent achievements in different fields of application of salen-based zinc and aluminum complexes. More specifically this article focuses on the use of aluminum and zinc salen-type complexes as optical probes for biologically relevant molecules, as catalysts for the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters and co-polymerization of epoxides and anhydrides (ROCOP) and in the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2). The intention is to provide an overview of the most recent results from our group within the framework of the state-of-art-results in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strianese
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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37
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Banerjee S, Dutta S, Sarkar SK, Graw N, Herbst-Irmer R, Koley D, Stalke D, Roesky HW. Amidinate based indium(III) monohalides and β-diketiminate stabilized In(II)-In(II) bond: synthesis, crystal structure, and computational study. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14231-14236. [PMID: 33026029 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and bonding aspects of mononuclear bis-amidinate indium(iii) monohalides L2InX (1-3), where L = PhC(NtBu)2; X is F (1), Br (2) or I (3) and β-diketiminate (NacNac) stabilized In(ii) dimer (MesNacNac)2In2Br2 (4) with In-In bond are reported along with the single-crystal X-ray structures of 2-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samya Banerjee
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India.
| | - Samir Kumar Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Nico Graw
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India.
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Herbert W Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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38
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Li Z, Yang S, Thiery G, Gandon V, Bour C. On the Superior Activity of In(I) versus In(III) Cations Toward ortho-C-Alkylation of Anilines and Intramolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12947-12959. [PMID: 32957782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient ortho-C-alkylation of unprotected anilines with a variety of styrenes and alkenes using a univalent cationic indium(I) catalyst is reported. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction likely proceeds via a tandem hydroamination/Hofmann-Martius rearrangement. The high compatibility between the cationic indium(I) complex and primary anilines led us to develop an In(I)+-catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes using unprotected primary and secondary alkenylamines. Computations support the catalytic activity of naked In(I)+ ions, with an outer sphere mechanism for the C-N bond formation and a potentially inner sphere protodemetallation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Li
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
| | - Shengwen Yang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, Palaiseau, Paris cedex 91128, France
| | - Guillaume Thiery
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, Palaiseau, Paris cedex 91128, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, Orsay cedex 91405, France
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39
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Rösch A, Herzog CM, Schreiner SHF, Görls H, Kretschmer R. Ditopic bis( N, N', N'-substituted 1,2-ethanediamine) ligands: synthesis and coordination chemistry. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13818-13828. [PMID: 33001083 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two different types of bis(N,N',N'-substituted 1,2-ethanediamine)s, bridged either through the secondary (type 1) or tertiary (type 2) amine groups is reported. Selected protio-ligands have been applied in subsequent metallation reactions using aluminium, magnesium, tin, and zinc sources allowing to isolate five mononuclear and eight dinuclear complexes. All complexes have been fully characterized and their solid-state structures have been studied by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Nine of the 13 complexes carry reactive alkyl, amide or hydride groups, which indicates their potential as catalysts or supports for (transition) metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rösch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph M Herzog
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon H F Schreiner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany and Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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40
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Rösch A, Schreiner SHF, Schüler P, Görls H, Kretschmer R. Magnesium bis(amidinate) and bis(guanidinate) complexes: impact of the ligand backbone and bridging groups on the coordination behaviour. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13072-13082. [PMID: 32926063 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01923b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A library of ten dinucleating bis(amidine) and bis(guanidine) ligands, in which the bridging groups, terminal rests, and backbone substituents were systematically altered, has been synthesized and subsequently applied in metallation reactions using three different magnesium sources. Eight Mg complexes could be isolated and fully characterized, and in seven cases their solid-state structure could be determined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results evidence a versatile coordination behaviour, which ranges from the first dinuclear heteroleptic magnesium iodide complex to dinuclear homoleptic complexes. These findings indicate the crucial impact of both the ligand and the magnesium source not only on the accessibility of well-defined dinuclear complexes but also on the aggregation in solution and in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rösch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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41
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Ramos A, Antiñolo A, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Fernández-Galán R. Ph 2PCH 2CH 2B(C 8H 14) and Its Formaldehyde Adduct as Catalysts for the Reduction of CO 2 with Hydroboranes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9998-10012. [PMID: 32586095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We study two metal-free catalysts for the reduction of CO2 with four different hydroboranes and try to identify mechanistically relevant intermediate species. The catalysts are the phosphinoborane Ph2P(CH2)2BBN (1), easily accessible in a one-step synthesis from diphenyl(vinyl)phosphine and 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (H-BBN), and its formaldehyde adduct Ph2P(CH2)2BBN(CH2O) (2), detected in the catalytic reduction of CO2 with 1 as the catalyst but properly prepared from compound 1 and p-formaldehyde. Reduction of CO2 with H-BBN gave mixtures of CH2(OBBN)2 (A) and CH3OBBN (B) using both catalysts. Stoichiometric and kinetic studies allowed us to unveil the key role played in this reaction by the formaldehyde adduct 2 and other formaldehyde-formate species, such as the polymeric BBN(CH2)2(Ph2P)(CH2O)BBN(HCO2) (3) and the bisformate macrocycle BBN(CH2)2(Ph2P)(CH2O)BBN(HCO2)BBN(HCO2) (4), whose structures were confirmed by diffractometric analysis. Reduction of CO2 with catecholborane (HBcat) led to MeOBcat (C) exclusively. Another key intermediate was identified in the reaction of 2 with the borane and CO2, this being the bisformaldehyde-formate macrocycle (HCO2){BBN(CH2)2(Ph2P)(CH2O)}2Bcat (5), which was also structurally characterized by X-ray analysis. In contrast, using pinacolborane (HBpin) as the reductant with catalysts 1 and 2 usually led to mixtures of mono-, di-, and trihydroboration products HCO2Bpin (D), CH2(OBpin)2 (E), and CH3OBpin (F). Stoichiometric studies allowed us to detect another formaldehyde-formate species, (HCO2)BBN(CH2)2(Ph2P)(CH2O)Bpin (6), which may play an important role in the catalytic reaction. Finally, only the formaldehyde adduct 2 turned out to be active in the catalytic hydroboration of CO2 using BH3·SMe2 as the reductant, yielding a mixture of two methanol-level products, [(OMe)BO]3 (G, major product) and B(OMe)3 (H, minor product). In this transformation, the Lewis adduct (BH3)Ph2P(CH2)2BBN was identified as the resting state of the catalyst, whereas an intermediate tentatively formulated as the Lewis adduct of compound 2 and BH3 was detected in solution in a stoichiometric experiment and is likely to be mechanistically relevant for the catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ramos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Antiñolo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Fernando Carrillo-Hermosilla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Galán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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42
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Brandão P, Burke AJ, Pineiro M. A Decade of Indium‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions (MCRs). European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brandão
- CQC and Department of Chemistry University of Coimbra 3004‐535 Coimbra Portugal
- Departamento de Química de Évora and LAQV‐REQUIMTE University of Évora 7000‐671 Évora Portugal
| | - Anthony J. Burke
- Departamento de Química de Évora and LAQV‐REQUIMTE University of Évora 7000‐671 Évora Portugal
| | - Marta Pineiro
- CQC and Department of Chemistry University of Coimbra 3004‐535 Coimbra Portugal
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43
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Campirán-Martínez A, Jancik V, Martínez-Otero D, Hernández-Balderas U, Zavala-Segovia N, Moya-Cabrera M. Linkage Isomerism in Dinuclear Al and Ga Organometallic Complexes: Structural and Reactivity Consequences. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azucena Campirán-Martínez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Vojtech Jancik
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Diego Martínez-Otero
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Uvaldo Hernández-Balderas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Nieves Zavala-Segovia
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
| | - Mónica Moya-Cabrera
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Quı́mica, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Quı́mica Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México 50200, México
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44
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Rawat S, Bhandari M, Porwal VK, Singh S. Hydrosilylation of Carbonyls Catalyzed by Hydridoborenium Borate Salts: Lewis Acid Activation and Anion Mediated Pathways. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7195-7203. [PMID: 32364748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The electronically unsaturated three-coordinated hydridoborenium cations [LBH]+[HB(C6F5)3]- (1) and [LBH]+[B(C6F5)4]- (2), supported by a bis(phosphinimino)amide ligand, were found to be excellent catalysts for hydrosilylation of a range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones under mild reaction conditions (L = [{(2,4,6-Me3C6H2N)P(Ph2)}2N]). The key steps of the catalytic cycle for hydrosilylation of PhCHO were monitored via in situ multinuclear NMR measurements for catalysts 1 and 2. The combined effect of carbonyl activation via the Lewis acidic hydridoborenium cation and the hydridic nature of the borate counteranion in 1 makes it a more efficient catalyst in comparison to that of carbonyl activation via the predominant Lewis acid activation pathway operating with catalyst 2. The catalytic cycle of 1 showed hydride transfer from the borate moiety [HB(C6F5)3]- to PhCHO in the first step, forming [PhCH2-O-B(C6F5)3]-, which subsequently underwent σ-bond metathesis with Et3SiH to form the product, PhCH2-O-SiEt3. Quantum chemical calculations also support the borate anion mediated mechanism with 1. In contrast, the reaction catalyzed by 2 proceeds predominantly via the Lewis acid activation of the carbonyl group involving [LB(H)←OC(H)Ph]+[B(C6F5)4]- as the transition state and [LBOCH2Ph]+[B(C6F5)4]- as the intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rawat
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Mamta Bhandari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Porwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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Goonesinghe C, Roshandel H, Diaz C, Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Ezhova M, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic indium catalysts for ring opening polymerization: tuning reactivity with hemilabile ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6485-6491. [PMID: 34094114 PMCID: PMC8159295 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a comprehensive study of the effects of rationally designed hemilabile ligands on the stability, reactivity, and change in catalytic behavior of indium complexes. We report cationic alkyl indium complexes supported by a family of hemi-salen type ligands bearing hemilabile thiophenyl (2a), furfuryl (2b) and pyridyl (2c) pendant donor arms. Shelf-life and stability of these complexes followed the trend 2a < 2b < 2c, showing direct correlation to the affinity of the pendant donor group to the indium center. Reactivity towards polymerization of epichlorohydrin and cyclohexene oxide followed the trend 2a > 2b > 2c with control of polymerization following an inverse relationship to reactivity. Surprisingly, 2c polymerized racemic lactide without an external initiator, likely through an alkyl-initiated coordination-insertion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Maria Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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46
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Hitzfeld PS, Kretschmer R. Cooperative H–X Bond Activation by Electron‐Precise Aluminium and Gallium Compounds Incorporating β‐Diketiminate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S. Hitzfeld
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Juniorprofessorship (Tenure Track) Inorganic Chemistry of Catalysis Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
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47
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Peddarao T, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Mono- and Bimetallic Aluminum Alkyl, Alkoxide, Halide and Hydride Complexes of a Bulky Conjugated Bis-Guanidinate(CBG) Ligand and Aluminum Alkyls as Precatalysts for Carbonyl Hydroboration. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4693-4702. [PMID: 32157882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-aryl-substituted symmetrical conjugated bis-guanidine (CBG) ligands such as L1-3 (3H) [L(3H) = {(ArHN)(ArHN)C═N-C═NAr(NHAr)}; Ar = 2,6-Me2-C6H3 (L1(3H)), 2,6-Et2-C6H3 (L2(3H)), and 2,6-iPr2-C6H3 (L3(3H))] have been employed to synthesize a series of four- and six-membered aluminum heterocycles (1-8) for the first time. Generally, aluminum complexes bearing N,N'- chelated guanidinate and β-diketiminate/dipyrromethene ligand systems form four- and six-membered heterocycles, respectively. However, the conjugated bis-guanidine ligand has the capability of forming both four- and six-membered heterocycles possessing multimetal centers within the same molecule; this is due to the presence of three acidic protons, which can be easily deprotonated (at least two protons) upon treatment with metal reagents. Both mono- and dinuclear aluminum alkyls and mononuclear aluminum alkoxide, halide, and hydride complexes have been structurally characterized. Further, we have demonstrated the potential of mononuclear, six-membered CBG aluminum dialkyls in catalytic hydroboration of a broad range of aldehydes and ketones with pinacolborane (HBpin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thota Peddarao
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
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48
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Santulli F, D’Auria I, Boggioni L, Losio S, Proverbio M, Costabile C, Mazzeo M. Bimetallic Aluminum Complexes Bearing Binaphthyl-Based Iminophenolate Ligands as Catalysts for the Synthesis of Polyesters. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Santulli
- University of Salerno, Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria D’Auria
- University of Salerno, Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Simona Losio
- SCITEC-CNR, Via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Costabile
- University of Salerno, Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- University of Salerno, Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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49
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Sarkar N, Bera S, Nembenna S. Aluminum-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Nitriles and Alkynes: A Multifunctional Catalyst. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4999-5009. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Subhadeep Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
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50
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Huang W, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Orione C, Kirillov E. Reduction of CO2 by Hydrosilanes in the Presence of Formamidinates of Group 13 and 12 Elements. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiheng Huang
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis laboratories, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35700 Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de diffraction X, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35700 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Centre de diffraction X, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35700 Rennes, France
| | - Clement Orione
- CRMPO, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35700 Rennes, France
| | - Evgueni Kirillov
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis laboratories, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35700 Rennes, France
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