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Estévez M, Cicuéndez M, Crespo J, Serrano-López J, Colilla M, Fernández-Acevedo C, Oroz-Mateo T, Rada-Leza A, González B, Izquierdo-Barba I, Vallet-Regí M. Large-scale production of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by flame spray pyrolysis: In vitro biological evaluation for biomedical applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:560-572. [PMID: 37429163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the large number of synthesis methodologies described for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), the search for their large-scale production for their widespread use in biomedical applications remains a mayor challenge. Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) could be the solution to solve this limitation, since it allows the fabrication of metal oxide nanoparticles with high production yield and low manufacture costs. However, to our knowledge, to date such fabrication method has not been upgraded for biomedical purposes. Herein, SPIONs have been fabricated by FSP and their surface has been treated to be subsequently coated with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) to enhance their colloidal stability in aqueous media. The final material presents high quality in terms of nanoparticle size, homogeneous size distribution, long-term colloidal stability and magnetic properties. A thorough in vitro validation has been performed with peripheral blood cells and mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Specifically, hemocompatibility studies show that these functionalized FSP-SPIONs-DMSA nanoparticles do not cause platelet aggregation or impair basal monocyte function. Moreover, in vitro biocompatibility assays show a dose-dependent cellular uptake while maintaining high cell viability values and cell cycle progression without causing cellular oxidative stress. Taken together, the results suggest that the FSP-SPIONs-DMSA optimized in this work could be a worthy alternative with the benefit of a large-scale production aimed at industrialization for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Estévez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica Cicuéndez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julián Crespo
- Tecnología Navarra de Nanoproductos S.L. (TECNAN), área industrial PERGUITA, C/A, N° 1, 31210 Los Arcos (Navarra), Spain.
| | - Juana Serrano-López
- Experimental Hematology Lab, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Colilla
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Claudio Fernández-Acevedo
- Centro Tecnológico ĹUrederra, área industrial PERGUITA, C/A, N° 1, 31210 Los Arcos (Navarra), Spain.
| | - Tamara Oroz-Mateo
- Centro Tecnológico ĹUrederra, área industrial PERGUITA, C/A, N° 1, 31210 Los Arcos (Navarra), Spain.
| | - Amaia Rada-Leza
- Centro Tecnológico ĹUrederra, área industrial PERGUITA, C/A, N° 1, 31210 Los Arcos (Navarra), Spain.
| | - Blanca González
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Isabel Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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2
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Wang Y, Liu J, Song Y, Yu J, Tian Y, Robson MJ, Wang J, Zhang Z, Lin X, Zhou G, Wang Z, Shen L, Zhao H, Grasso S, Ciucci F. High-Entropy Perovskites for Energy Conversion and Storage: Design, Synthesis, and Potential Applications. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201138. [PMID: 36843320 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Perovskites have shown tremendous promise as functional materials for several energy conversion and storage technologies, including rechargeable batteries, (electro)catalysts, fuel cells, and solar cells. Due to their excellent operational stability and performance, high-entropy perovskites (HEPs) have emerged as a new type of perovskite framework. Herein, this work reviews the recent progress in the development of HEPs, including synthesis methods and applications. Effective strategies for the design of HEPs through atomistic computations are also surveyed. Finally, an outlook of this field provides guidance for the development of new and improved HEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiapeng Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Tian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Matthew James Robson
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xidong Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Julong College, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Longyun Shen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Hailei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Municipal Key Lab for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Salvatore Grasso
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Francesco Ciucci
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518048, P. R. China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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3
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Angel S, Braun M, Alkan B, Landers J, Salamon S, Wende H, Andronescu C, Schulz C, Wiggers H. Spray-Flame Synthesis of LaFe xCo 1-xO 3 ( x = 0.2, 0.3) Perovskite Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Water Splitting: Effect of Precursor Chemistry (Acetates and Nitrates). J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2564-2576. [PMID: 36896577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The product properties of mixed oxide nanoparticles generated via spray-flame synthesis depend on an intricate interplay of solvent and precursor chemistries in the processed solution. The effect of two different sets of metal precursors, acetates and nitrates, dissolved in a mixture of ethanol (35 Vol.%) and 2-ethylhexanoic acid (2-EHA, 65 Vol.%) was investigated for the synthesis of LaFexCo1-xO3 (x = 0.2, 0.3) perovskites. Regardless of the set of precursors, similar particle-size distributions (dp = 8-11 nm) were obtained and a few particles with sizes above 20 nm were identified with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. Using acetates as precursors, inhomogeneous La, Fe, and Co elemental distributions were obtained for all particle sizes according to energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mappings, connected to the formation of multiple secondary phases such as oxygen-deficient La3(FexCo1-x)3O8 brownmillerite or La4(FexCo1-x)3O10 Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) structures besides the main trigonal perovskite phase. For samples synthesized from nitrates, inhomogeneous elemental distributions were observed for large particles only where La and Fe enrichment occurred in combination with the formation of a secondary La2(FexCo1-x)O4 RP phase. Such variations can be attributed to reactions in the solution prior to injection in the flame as well as precursor-dependent variations in in-flame reactions. Therefore, the precursor solutions were analyzed by temperature-dependent attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) measurements. The acetate-based precursor solutions indicated the partial conversion of, mainly La and Fe, acetates to metal 2-ethylhexanoates. In the nitrate-based solutions, esterification of ethanol and 2-EHA played the most important role. The synthesized nanoparticle samples were characterized by BET (Brunauer, Emmett, Teller), FTIR, Mössbauer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All samples were tested as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, and similar electrocatalytic activities were recorded when evaluating the potential required to reach 10 mA/cm2 current density (∼1.61 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Angel
- EMPI, Institute for Energy and Materials Processes - Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Michael Braun
- Chemical Technology III, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Baris Alkan
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Departments of Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Landers
- Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Soma Salamon
- Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
- CENIDE, Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Corina Andronescu
- Chemical Technology III, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
- CENIDE, Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Christof Schulz
- EMPI, Institute for Energy and Materials Processes - Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
- CENIDE, Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wiggers
- EMPI, Institute for Energy and Materials Processes - Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
- CENIDE, Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
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4
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Serrano-Bayona R, Chu C, Liu P, Roberts WL. Flame Synthesis of Carbon and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Flame Types, Effects of Combustion Parameters on Properties and Measurement Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16031192. [PMID: 36770199 PMCID: PMC9920670 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NP) are currently synthesized worldwide for various applications in the solar-energy, optical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries, among many others. Gas phase methods comprise flame synthesis and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), which provide high efficiency, low cost, and the possibility of large-scale applications. The variation of combustion operation parameters exerts significant effects on the properties of the NPs. An analysis of the latest research results relevant to NP flame synthesis can provide new insight into the optimization of these methods and the development of these techniques for a large scale. This review offers insight into the current status of flame synthesis for carbon and metal-oxide NPs-specifically containing analysis and comparison of the most common carbon and metal-oxide NP production techniques. The burner configurations used at the laboratory scale and large scale are also discussed, followed by the assessment of the influence of combustion parameters on the properties of NPs. Finally, the features of the measurement techniques applied for determining NP properties were described.
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5
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Brix AC, Dreyer M, Koul A, Krebs M, Rabe A, Hagemann U, Varhade S, Andronescu C, Behrens M, Schuhmann W, Morales DM. Structure‐Performance Relation of LaFe1‐xCoxO3 Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution, Isopropanol Oxidation and Glycerol Oxidation. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cathrin Brix
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Analaytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Maik Dreyer
- Universitat-GH Duisburg: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Adarsh Koul
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Moritz Krebs
- Kiel University: Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Anna Rabe
- Universitat-GH Duisburg: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Ulrich Hagemann
- Universitat-GH Duisburg: Universitat Duisburg-Essen ICAN GERMANY
| | - Swapnil Varhade
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Corina Andronescu
- Universitat-GH Duisburg: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Technical Chemistry 3 GERMANY
| | - Malte Behrens
- Kiel University: Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Analytische Chemie Universitätsstr 150 44780 Bochum GERMANY
| | - Dulce M. Morales
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie GmbH Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des Sauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismus GERMANY
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6
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Najafishirtari S, Friedel Ortega K, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Hutchings GJ, Bondue CJ, Tschulik K, Waffel D, Peng B, Deitermann M, Busser GW, Muhler M, Behrens M. A Perspective on Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:16809-16833. [PMID: 34596294 PMCID: PMC9292687 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Selective oxidation of higher alcohols using heterogeneous catalysts is an important reaction in the synthesis of fine chemicals with added value. Though the process for primary alcohol oxidation is industrially established, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding considering the complexity of the catalysts and their dynamics under reaction conditions, especially when higher alcohols and liquid‐phase reaction media are involved. Additionally, new materials should be developed offering higher activity, selectivity, and stability. This can be achieved by unraveling the structure–performance correlations of these catalysts under reaction conditions. In this regard, researchers are encouraged to develop more advanced characterization techniques to address the complex interplay between the solid surface, the dissolved reactants, and the solvent. In this mini‐review, we report some of the most important approaches taken in the field and give a perspective on how to tackle the complex challenges for different approaches in alcohol oxidation while providing insight into the remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Najafishirtari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Friedel Ortega
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph J Bondue
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Waffel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michel Deitermann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - G Wilma Busser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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7
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Dreyer M, Cruz D, Hagemann U, Zeller P, Heidelmann M, Salamon S, Landers J, Rabe A, Ortega KF, Najafishirtari S, Wende H, Hartmann N, Knop-Gericke A, Schlögl R, Behrens M. The Effect of Water on the 2-Propanol Oxidation Activity of Co-Substituted LaFe 1- Co x O 3 Perovskites. Chemistry 2021; 27:17127-17144. [PMID: 34633707 PMCID: PMC9299464 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Perovskites are interesting oxidation catalysts due to their chemical flexibility enabling the tuning of several properties. In this work, we synthesized LaFe1−xCoxO3 catalysts by co‐precipitation and thermal decomposition, characterized them thoroughly and studied their 2‐propanol oxidation activity under dry and wet conditions to bridge the knowledge gap between gas and liquid phase reactions. Transient tests showed a highly active, unstable low‐temperature (LT) reaction channel in conversion profiles and a stable, less‐active high‐temperature (HT) channel. Cobalt incorporation had a positive effect on the activity. The effect of water was negative on the LT channel, whereas the HT channel activity was boosted for x>0.15. The boost may originate from a slower deactivation rate of the Co3+ sites under wet conditions and a higher amount of hydroxide species on the surface comparing wet to dry feeds. Water addition resulted in a slower deactivation for Co‐rich catalysts and higher activity in the HT channel state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Dreyer
- Faculty for Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hagemann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum at University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Zeller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, BESSY II, Department of Catalysis for Energy, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Heidelmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum at University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Soma Salamon
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Landers
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rabe
- Faculty for Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Friedel Ortega
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sharif Najafishirtari
- Faculty for Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Nils Hartmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum at University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Axel Knop-Gericke
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty for Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45141, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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8
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Büker J, Alkan B, Chabbra S, Kochetov N, Falk T, Schnegg A, Schulz C, Wiggers H, Muhler M, Peng B. Liquid-Phase Cyclohexene Oxidation with O 2 over Spray-Flame-Synthesized La 1-x Sr x CoO 3 Perovskite Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2021; 27:16912-16923. [PMID: 34590747 PMCID: PMC9293428 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
La1−xSrxCoO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) nanoparticles were prepared by spray‐flame synthesis and applied in the liquid‐phase oxidation of cyclohexene with molecular O2 as oxidant under mild conditions. The catalysts were systematically characterized by state‐of‐the‐art techniques. With increasing Sr content, the concentration of surface oxygen vacancy defects increases, which is beneficial for cyclohexene oxidation, but the surface concentration of less active Co2+ was also increased. However, Co2+ cations have a superior activity towards peroxide decomposition, which also plays an important role in cyclohexene oxidation. A Sr doping of 20 at. % was found to be the optimum in terms of activity and product selectivity. The catalyst also showed excellent reusability over three catalytic runs; this can be attributed to its highly stable particle size and morphology. Kinetic investigations revealed first‐order reaction kinetics for temperatures between 60 and 100 °C and an apparent activation energy of 68 kJ mol−1 for cyclohexene oxidation. Moreover, the reaction was not affected by the applied O2 pressure in the range from 10 to 20 bar. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the conversion of cyclohexene and the formation of reaction products including the key intermediate cyclohex‐2‐ene‐1‐hydroperoxide; spin trap electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy provided strong evidence for a radical reaction pathway by identifying the cyclohexenyl alkoxyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Büker
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Baris Alkan
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Chabbra
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kochetov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tobias Falk
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christof Schulz
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wiggers
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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9
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Dynamics of Reactive Oxygen Species on Cobalt-Containing Spinel Oxides in Cyclic CO Oxidation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11111312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be responsible for the high catalytic activity of transition metal oxides like Co3-xFexO4 in oxidation reactions, but the detailed influences of catalyst composition and morphology on the formation of these reactive oxygen species are not fully understood. In the presented study, Co3O4 spinels of different mesostructures, i.e., particle size, crystallinity, and specific surface area, are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and physisorption. The materials were tested in CO oxidation performed in consecutive runs and compared to a Co3-xFexO4 composition series with a similar mesostructure to study the effects of catalyst morphology and composition on ROS formation. In the first run, the CO conversion was observed to be dominated by the exposed surface area for the pure Co-spinels, while a negative effect of Fe content in the spinels was seen. In the following oxidation run, a U-shaped conversion curve was observed for materials with high surface area, which indicated the in situ formation of ROS on those materials that were responsible for the new activity at low temperature. This activation was not stable at the higher reaction temperature but was confirmed after temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO). However, no activation after the first run was observed for low-surface-area and highly crystalline materials, and the lowest surface-area material was not even activated after TPO. Among the catalyst series studied here, a correlation of small particle size and large surface area with the ability for ROS formation is presented, and the benefit of a nanoscaled catalyst is discussed. Despite the generally negative effect of Fe, the highest relative activation was observed at intermediate Fe contents suggesting that Fe may be involved in ROS formation.
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10
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Spray Flame Synthesis (SFS) of Lithium Lanthanum Zirconate (LLZO) Solid Electrolyte. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133472. [PMID: 34206527 PMCID: PMC8269458 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A spray-flame reaction step followed by a short 1-h sintering step under O2 atmosphere was used to synthesize nanocrystalline cubic Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO). The as-synthesized nanoparticles from spray-flame synthesis consisted of the crystalline La2Zr2O7 (LZO) pyrochlore phase while Li was present on the nanoparticles’ surface as amorphous carbonate. However, a short annealing step was sufficient to obtain phase pure cubic LLZO. To investigate whether the initial mixing of all cations is mandatory for synthesizing nanoparticulate cubic LLZO, we also synthesized Li free LZO and subsequently added different solid Li precursors before the annealing step. The resulting materials were all tetragonal LLZO (I41/acd) instead of the intended cubic phase, suggesting that an intimate intermixing of the Li precursor during the spray-flame synthesis is mandatory to form a nanoscale product. Based on these results, we propose a model to describe the spray-flame based synthesis process, considering the precipitation of LZO and the subsequent condensation of lithium carbonate on the particles’ surface.
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11
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Abstract
Perovskite oxides are versatile materials due to their wide variety of compositions offering promising catalytic properties, especially in oxidation reactions. In the presented study, LaFe1−xCoxO3 perovskites were synthesized by hydroxycarbonate precursor co-precipitation and thermal decomposition thereof. Precursor and calcined materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The calcined catalysts were in addition studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 physisorption. The obtained perovskites were applied as catalysts in transient CO oxidation, and in operando studies of CO oxidation in diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). A pronounced increase in activity was already observed by incorporating 5% cobalt into the structure, which continued, though not linearly, at higher loadings. This could be most likely due to the enhanced redox properties as inferred by H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Catalysts with higher Co contents showing higher activities suffered less from surface deactivation related to carbonate poisoning. Despite the similarity in the crystalline structures upon Co incorporation, we observed a different promotion or suppression of various carbonate-related bands, which could indicate different surface properties of the catalysts, subsequently resulting in the observed non-linear CO oxidation activity trend at higher Co contents.
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12
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Pokhrel S, Mädler L. Flame-made Particles for Sensors, Catalysis, and Energy Storage Applications. ENERGY & FUELS : AN AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 2020; 34:13209-13224. [PMID: 33343081 PMCID: PMC7743895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Flame spray pyrolysis of precursor-solvent combinations with high enthalpy density allows the design of functional nanoscale materials. Within the last two decades, flame spray pyrolysis was utilized to produce more than 500 metal oxide particulate materials for R&D and commercial applications. In this short review, the particle formation mechanism is described based on the micro-explosions observed in single droplet experiments for various precursor-solvent combinations. While layer fabrication is a key to successful industrial applications toward gas sensors, catalysis, and energy storage, the state-of-the-art technology of innovative in situ thermophoretic particle production and deposition technology is described. In addition, noble metal stabilized oxide matrices with tight chemical contact catalyze surface reactions for enhanced catalytic performance. The metal-support interaction that is vital for redox catalytic performance for various surface reactions is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Pokhrel
- Faculty
of Production Engineering, University of
Bremen, Badgasteiner Strasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Strasse 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Faculty
of Production Engineering, University of
Bremen, Badgasteiner Strasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Badgasteiner Strasse 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Phone: +49
421 218-51200. Fax: +49 421 218-51211. E-mail:
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13
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Dias JA, Andrade MAS, Santos HLS, Morelli MR, Mascaro LH. Lanthanum‐Based Perovskites for Catalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson A. Dias
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Laboratório de Formulação e Sínteses Cerâmicas-LAFSCerUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 São Carlos/SP Brazil 13565-905
| | - Marcos A. S. Andrade
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Caracterização de Materiais Funcionais-CDMF-LIECUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 São Carlos/SP Brazil 13565-905
| | - Hugo L. S. Santos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Caracterização de Materiais Funcionais-CDMF-LIECUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 São Carlos/SP Brazil 13565-905
| | - Márcio R. Morelli
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Laboratório de Formulação e Sínteses Cerâmicas-LAFSCerUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 São Carlos/SP Brazil 13565-905
| | - Lucia H. Mascaro
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Caracterização de Materiais Funcionais-CDMF-LIECUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 São Carlos/SP Brazil 13565-905
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14
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Spray‐Flame‐Prepared LaCo
1–
x
Fe
x
O
3
Perovskite Nanoparticles as Active OER Catalysts: Influence of Fe Content and Low‐Temperature Heating. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201902051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Waffel D, Alkan B, Fu Q, Chen YT, Schmidt S, Schulz C, Wiggers H, Muhler M, Peng B. Towards Mechanistic Understanding of Liquid-Phase Cinnamyl Alcohol Oxidation with tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide over Noble-Metal-Free LaCo 1-x Fe x O 3 Perovskites. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1155-1163. [PMID: 31943951 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Noble-metal-free perovskite oxides are promising and well-known catalysts for high-temperature gas-phase oxidation reactions, but their application in selective oxidation reactions in the liquid phase has rarely been studied. We report the liquid-phase oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol over spray-flame synthesized LaCo1-x Fex O3 perovskite nanoparticles with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidizing agent under mild reaction conditions. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, EDS and elemental analysis. LaCo0.8 Fe0.2 O3 showed the best catalytic properties indicating a synergistic effect between cobalt and iron. The catalysts were found to be stable against metal leaching as proven by hot filtration, and the observed slight deactivation is presumably due to segregation as determined by EDS. Kinetic studies revealed an apparent activation energy of 63.6 kJ mol-1 . Combining kinetic findings with TBHP decomposition as well as control experiments revealed a complex reaction network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Waffel
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Baris Alkan
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics - Reactive Fluids and CENIDE Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Qi Fu
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmidt
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christof Schulz
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics - Reactive Fluids and CENIDE Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wiggers
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics - Reactive Fluids and CENIDE Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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16
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Büker J, Alkan B, Fu Q, Xia W, Schulwitz J, Waffel D, Falk T, Schulz C, Wiggers H, Muhler M, Peng B. Selective cyclohexene oxidation with O2, H2O2 and tert-butyl hydroperoxide over spray-flame synthesized LaCo1−xFexO3 nanoparticles. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of spray-flame made LaCo1−xFexO3 nanoparticles showed promising activity for liquid-phase cyclohexene oxidation. Various oxidizing agents, i.e., O2, H2O2 and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, led to different product selectivities.
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17
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Schneider F, Suleiman S, Menser J, Borukhovich E, Wlokas I, Kempf A, Wiggers H, Schulz C. SpraySyn-A standardized burner configuration for nanoparticle synthesis in spray flames. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:085108. [PMID: 31472649 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In many scientific communities, the definition of standardized experiments has enabled major progress in process understanding. The investigation of the spray-flame synthesis of nanoparticles at a well-defined standard burner by experiment and simulation makes it possible to produce a comprehensive data set with various established and novel measuring methods. In this work, we introduce the design of the SpraySyn burner as a new standard for a free-jet type burner that offers well-defined and simulation-friendly boundary conditions and geometries as well as accessibility for optical diagnostics. A combustible precursor solution is fed through a centrally located capillary and aerosolized with an oxygen dispersion gas flow. The spray flame is stabilized by a premixed flat methane/oxygen pilot flame fed via a porous bronze matrix surrounded by a stabilizing nitrogen coflow emanating through the same porous matrix, providing easy-to-calculate boundary conditions for simulations. This burner design enables the use of a wide choice of solvents, precursors, and precursor combinations. Best-practice operating instructions and parameters are given, and large-eddy simulations are performed demonstrating the suitability of the SpraySyn burner for computational fluid dynamics simulations. For ensuring reproducible operation across labs, we define a consumer-camera-based flame characterization scheme for the quantitative assessment of the flame geometry such as flame length, diameter, tilt angle, and photometric distribution of visible chemiluminescence along the center axis. These parameters can be used for benchmarking the pilot and spray flame by each user of the SpraySyn burner with the reference flames.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schneider
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - S Suleiman
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - J Menser
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - E Borukhovich
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Fluid Dynamics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - I Wlokas
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Fluid Dynamics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - A Kempf
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Fluid Dynamics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - H Wiggers
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - C Schulz
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics-Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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