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Guo D, Hong D, Huang Z, Zhou S, Zhu X, Wang S. Reactivity of Rare Earth Metal Alkyl Complexes with Nitriles or Isonitrile: Versatile Ways toward Multiply Functionalized β-Diketiminato, (Iso)indolyl, and Imidazolyl Chelating Rare Earth Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9539-9551. [PMID: 38380592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The reactivity of the rare earth metal alkyl complexes LRE(CH2SiMe3)(THF)2 (1RE) [RE = Y (1Y), Yb (1Yb), Lu (1Lu); L = 2,5-[(2-pyrrolyl)CPh2]2(N-methylpyrrole)] with various nitriles and isonitriles has been fully developed. Treatment of the yttrium monoalkyl complex (1Y) with 2 equiv of aromatic nitriles afforded the symmetric trisubstituted β-diketiminato yttrium complexes (2Y(H), 2Y(Me), and 2Y(F)) through successive cyano group insertion into the RE-C bond and 1,3-H shift or the unsymmetric trisubstituted β-diketiminato yttrium complex (3Y) unexpectedly via a 1,3-SiMe3 shift when 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile was used in this reaction under the same conditions. By treating 1Y with 2 equiv of tolyl acetonitrile, an activation of the sp3 C-H bond occurred to form the corresponding β-aryl keteniminato complexes 4Y(p-tol) and 4Y(m-tol). Remarkably, a heteroleptic cleavage of the CO-CN bond took place in the reaction of 1Y with benzoyl nitrile, affording the unsymmetric trinuclear yttrium complex 5Y bridged by three cyanide groups. Dinuclear ytterbium and lutetium complexes 6Yb and 6Lu containing a functionalized isoindole fragment were synthesized from the reactions of 1 with phthalonitrile by tandem insertion and cyclization. Further studies indicated that the temperature and stoichiometric ratio have a great influence on the reactivity patterns between the reactions of 1RE with benzylisonitrile: two tetrasubstituted β-diketiminato complexes 8 and 9 were obtained at -30 °C, and tetrasubstituted imidazolyl yttrium and lutetium complexes 7 were isolated at elevated temperature, respectively. In addition, the tetrasubstituted β-diketiminato complexes 8 and 9 could be irreversibly converted to the cyclization products 7 by elevating the reaction temperature not only on the NMR scale but also on the preparative scale. Notably, when the phenyl isonitrile instead of benzyl isonitrile was reacted with 1Yb, a 2,3-functionalized indolyl ytterbium complex 10Yb was isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Dongjing Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Zeming Huang
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Xiancui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Bernbeck M, Orlova AP, Hilgar JD, Gembicky M, Ozerov M, Rinehart JD. Dipolar Coupling as a Mechanism for Fine Control of Magnetic States in ErCOT-Alkyl Molecular Magnets. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7243-7256. [PMID: 38456803 PMCID: PMC10958522 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The design of molecular magnets has progressed greatly by taking advantage of the ability to impart successive perturbations and control vibronic transitions in 4fn systems through the careful manipulation of the crystal field. Herein, we control the orientation and rigidity of two dinuclear ErCOT-based molecular magnets: the inversion-symmetric bridged [ErCOT(μ-Me)(THF)]2 (2) and the nearly linear Li[(ErCOT)2(μ-Me)3] (3). The conserved anisotropy of the ErCOT synthetic unit facilitates the direction of the arrangement of its magnetic anisotropy for the purposes of generating controlled internal magnetic fields, improving control of the energetics and transition probabilities of the electronic angular momentum states with exchange biasing via dipolar coupling. This control is evidenced through the introduction of a second thermal barrier to relaxation operant at low temperatures that is twice as large in 3 as in 2. This barrier acts to suppress through-barrier relaxation by protecting the ground state from interacting with stray local fields while operating at an energy scale an order of magnitude smaller than the crystal field term. These properties are highlighted when contrasted against the mononuclear structure ErCOT(Bn)(THF)2 (1), in which quantum tunneling of the magnetization processes dominate, as demonstrated by magnetometry and ab initio computational methods. Furthermore, far-infrared magnetospectroscopy measurements reveal that the increased rigidity imparted by successive removal of solvent ligands when adding bridging methyl groups, along with the increased excited state purity, severely limits local spin-vibrational interactions that facilitate magnetic relaxation, manifesting as longer relaxation times in 3 relative to those in 2 as temperature is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
G. Bernbeck
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Angelica P. Orlova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jeremy D. Hilgar
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Rinehart
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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3
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Guo D, Rajeshkumar T, Zhu S, Yuan Q, Hong D, Zhou S, Zhu X, Maron L, Wang S. Aryl C-H bond functionalization with diphenyldiazomethane induced by rare-earth metal alkyl complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11315-11324. [PMID: 37530174 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01714a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of regioselective aryl ortho-C-H functionalization with diphenyldiazomethane for the construction of Caryl-Nhydrazinato bonds were accomplished via the activation of C-H bonds and the subsequent reaction of diphenyldiazomethane with the RE-Caryl bond. The reactions of rare-earth metal monoalkyl complexes LRE(CH2SiMe3)(THF)2 (L = 2,5-[(2-pyrrolyl)CPh2]2(N-Me-pyrrole)) supported by a neutral N-methylpyrrole anchored dipyrrolyl ligand with 2 equiv. of Ph2CN2 gave irreversibly unprecedented hydrazonato-functionalized imino rare-earth metal complexes LRE(Ph2CNNC6H4-(o-CNHPh) (RE = Y (2a), Lu (2a')) in good yields involving a rather complex process including the interaction of a diazo unit with a RE-Calkyl bond, a β-H elimination, a N-N cleavage, 1,4-hydrogen transfer and the subsequent C-N coupling with another diphenyldiazomethane. More important is that regioselective aryl C-H bond functionalization with diphenyldiazomethane to construct the Caryl-Nhydrazinato bonds can be easily achieved by three-component reactions of rare-earth metal monoalkyl complexes, a wide range of substituted imines (including aldimines, ketimines or analogous 2-phenylpyridine) and diphenyldiazomethane, affording various hydrazonato-functionalized phenyl, thienyl imino or pyridyl rare-earth metal complexes 2b-2j at room temperature. A further study indicated that the substituents on the phenyl ring have a great effect on the reaction pathway and governed the Caryl-Nhydrazinato bond construction. Moreover, the experimental studies show that the formation of the Caryl-Nhydrazinato bonds is thermodynamically facile, which could be realized at room temperature easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Shan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Qingbing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Dongjing Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Xiancui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
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4
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Wang Y, Yan J. Progress in Rare-earth Metal Complexes with Different Ligands in Olefin Polymerization. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/a23010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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5
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Jiang W, Zhang L, Zhang L. Reactivity of Mixed Methyl-Aminobenzyl Guanidinate Lutetium Complex towards iPrN=C=N iPr, CS 2 and Ph 2PH. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12650-12660. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02008d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A heteroleptic terminal alkyl lutetium complex stabilized by a bulky guanidinato ligand, LLu(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)(Me)(THF) (1) (L = (PhCH2)2NC(NC6H3iPr2-2,6)2) has been synthesized by treatment of LLu(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2 with AlMe3 (1 equiv) via an...
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6
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Chowdhury T, Horsewill SJ, Wilson C, Farnaby JH. Heteroleptic lanthanide(III) complexes: synthetic utility and versatility of the unsubstituted bis-scorpionate ligand framework. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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You Q, Zhang J, Zhou X. Modification of Yttrium Silyl‐Bridged Amide Alkyl Complexes through Si−H/C−H Cross‐Dehydrocoupling of Silanes with a Silylamino Ligand: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Mechanism. Chemistry 2020; 26:7702-7710. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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8
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Jiang W, Zhang L, Zhang L. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Monoguanidinate Rare‐Earth Metal Aminobenzyl Enolate Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University 241000 Wuhu Anhui China
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Jiangwan Campus Fudan University 200438 Shanghai China
| | - Li‐Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University 241000 Wuhu Anhui China
| | - Li‐Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Jiangwan Campus Fudan University 200438 Shanghai China
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9
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Zhu X, Jiang Y, Chen J, Wang S, Huang Z, Zhu S, Zhao X, Yue W, Zhang J, Wu W, Zhong X. Rare‐Earth
Metal Alkyl Complexes with
3‐Arylamido‐Functionalized
Indolyl Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiancui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Yuzhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Coordinated Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zeming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Coordinated Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Wenrun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Weikang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
| | - Xiangyang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241000 China
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10
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Birkelbach VM, Thim R, Stuhl C, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Anwander R. Potential Precursors for Terminal Methylidene Rare-Earth-Metal Complexes Supported by a Superbulky Tris(pyrazolyl)borato Ligand. Chemistry 2019; 25:14711-14720. [PMID: 31490590 PMCID: PMC7687121 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of solvent-free heteroleptic terminal rare-earth-metal alkyl complexes stabilized by a superbulky tris(pyrazolyl)borato ligand with the general formula [TptBu,Me LnMeR] have been synthesized and fully characterized. Treatment of the heterobimetallic mixed methyl/tetramethylaluminate compounds [TptBu,Me LnMe(AlMe4 )] (Ln=Y, Lu) with two equivalents of the mild halogenido transfer reagents SiMe3 X (X=Cl, I) gave [TptBu,Me LnX2 ] in high yields. The addition of only one equivalent of SiMe3 Cl to [TptBu,Me LuMe(AlMe4 )] selectively afforded the desired mixed methyl/chloride complex [TptBu,Me LuMeCl]. Further reactivity studies of [TptBu,Me LuMeCl] with LiR or KR (R=CH2 Ph, CH2 SiMe3 ) through salt metathesis led to the monomeric mixed-alkyl derivatives [TptBu,Me LuMe(CH2 SiMe3 )] and [TptBu,Me LuMe(CH2 Ph)], respectively, in good yields. The SiMe4 elimination protocols were also applicable when using SiMe3 X featuring more weakly coordinating moieties (here X=OTf, NTf2 ). X-ray structure analyses of this diverse set of new [TptBu,Me LnMeR/X] compounds were performed to reveal any electronic and steric effects of the varying monoanionic ligands R and X, including exact cone-angle calculations of the tridentate tris(pyrazolyl)borato ligand. Deeper insights into the reactivity of these potential precursors for terminal alkylidene rare-earth-metal complexes were gained through NMR spectroscopic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena M. Birkelbach
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Renita Thim
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Christoph Stuhl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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11
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Gu D, Yi C, Ren W. Lanthanocene and Cerocene Alkyl Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity Studies. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9260-9269. [PMID: 31247831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanocene and cerocene alkyl complexes [η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln(CH2C6H4-o-NMe2) (Ln = La 3 and Ce 4) were obtained from the salt metathesis of {[η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln(μ3-κ3-O3SCF3)2K(THF)2}2·THF (Ln = La 1·THF and Ce 2·THF) with LiCH2C6H4-o-NMe2. Reactivity of 3 and 4 toward various small molecules provides access to a series of lanthanide derivatives. For example, reactions of 3 and 4 with elemental chalcogens (sulfur and selenium) in 1:1 molar ratio give the lanthanide thiolates {[η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln(μ-SCH2C6H4-o-NMe2)}2 (Ln = La 5 and Ce 6) and selenolates {[η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln(μ-SeCH2C6H4-o-NMe2)}2 (Ln = La 7 and Ce 8). The compounds 3 and 4 react with two equivalents of elemental chalcogens (sulfur and selenium) to afford the lanthanide disulfides {[η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln}2(μ-η2:η2-S2) (Ln = La 9 and Ce 10) and diselenides {[η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln}2(μ-η2:η2-Se2) (Ln = La 11 and Ce 12). The lanthanide disulfides (9 and 10) or diselenides (11 and 12) can also be readily obtained through oxidation of the corresponding lanthanide thiolates (5 and 6) or selenolates (7 and 8) by elemental chalcogens concomitant with the (Me2N-o-C6H4CH2)2E2 (E = S or Se) release. Treatment of 3 and 4 with one equivalent or two equivalents of benzonitrile produces the serendipitous lanthanum and cerium-1-azaallyl complexes [η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln[N(H)C(Ph)═CHC6H4-o-NMe2] (Ln = La 13 and Ce 14) or amidine complexes [η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln[N(H)C(Ph)NC(Ph)═CHC6H4-o-NMe2]·C7H8 (Ln = La 15·C7H8 and Ce 16·C7H8), respectively. The compound 15 or 16 can also be readily synthesized by further insertion of one benzonitrile molecule into the 1-azaallyl complex 13 or 14. Insertion of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or phenyl isothiocyanate into Ln-C bonds within 3 and 4 results in the formation of the amidine complexes [η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln[CyNC(CH2C6H4-o-NMe2)NCy] (Cy = cyclohexyl, Ln = La 17 and Ce 18) or thioamidato complexes [η5-1,3-(Me3C)2C5H3]2Ln[SC(CH2C6H4-o-NMe2)NPh] (Ln = La 19 and Ce 20). All of the new compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic methods, and their solid-state structures were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defa Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Chengkun Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Wenshan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
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12
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Abstract
Elaborate synthesis schemes pave the way to f-element and group 3 complexes with multiply bonded imido ligands displaying intriguing reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Schädle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
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13
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Bissember AC, Gardiner MG, Wierenga TS. α-Cyanocarbanion complexes and their application in synthesis. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Trifonov AA, Lyubov DM. A quarter-century long story of bis(alkyl) rare-earth (III) complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Hong Q, Weng L, Zhou X. Reactivity of Homoleptic Dianionic β-Diketiminato-Supported Yttrium Complexes toward CS2: Construction of Neutral or Anionic Dihydropyridinethione. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianquan Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhong Weng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhou X. Facile Construction of Yttrium Pentasulfides from Yttrium Alkyl Precursors: Synthesis, Mechanism, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2070-2077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Zhu X, Li Y, Wei Y, Wang S, Zhou S, Zhang L. Reactivity of 3-Imino-Functionalized Indoles with Rare-Earth-Metal Amides: Unexpected Substituent Effects on C–H Activation Pathways and Assembly of Rare-Earth-Metal Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiancui Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education,
Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Pettinari C, Pettinari R, Marchetti F. Golden Jubilee for Scorpionates. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Alvarez S. Distortion Pathways of Transition Metal Coordination Polyhedra Induced by Chelating Topology. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13447-83. [PMID: 26575868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A continuous shape measures analysis of the coordination polyhedra of a host of transition metal complexes with bi- and multidentate ligands discloses the distortion pathway associated with each particular topology of the chelate rings formed. The basic parameter that controls the degree of distortion is the metal-donor atom bond distance that induces nonideal bond angles due to the rigidity of the ligands. Thus, the degree of distortion within each family of complexes depends on the atomic size, on which the high- or low-spin state has a large effect. Special attention is therefore paid to several spin-crossover systems and to the enhanced distortions that go along with the transition from low- to high-spin state affected by temperature, light, or pressure. Several families of complexes show deviations from the expected distortion pathways in the high-spin state that can be associated to the onset of intermolecular interactions such as secondary coordination of counterions or solvent molecules. Also, significant displacement of counterions in an extended solid may result from the changes in metal-ligand bond distances when ligands are involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alvarez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Becker L, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Formation of Tri- and Tetranuclear Titanacycles through Decamethyltitanocene-Mediated Intermolecular C-C Coupling of Dinitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5523-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Becker L, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Bildung drei- und vierkerniger Titanacyclen durch [Cp*2Ti]-vermittelte intermolekulare C-C-Kupplung von Dinitrilen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Becker L, Haehnel M, Spannenberg A, Arndt P, Rosenthal U. Reactions of group 4 metallocenes with monosubstituted acetonitriles: keteniminate formation versus C-C coupling. Chemistry 2015; 21:3242-8. [PMID: 25641093 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of the Group 4 metallocene dichlorides [Cp'2 MCl2 ] (1 a: M=Ti, Cp'=Cp*=η(5) -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, 1 b: M=Zr, Cp'=Cp=η(5) -cyclopentadienyl) with lithiated MesCH2-C≡N gave [Cp*2 TiCl(N=C=C(HMes))] (3; Mes=mesityl) in the case of 1 a. For compound 1 b, a nitrile-nitrile coupling resulted in a five-membered bridge in 4. The reaction of the metallocene alkyne complex [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )] (2) with PhCH2 C≡N led in the first step to the unstable product [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )(NC=CH2 Ph)] (5). After the elimination of the alkyne, a mixture of products was formed. By variation of the solvent and the reaction temperature, three compounds were isolated: a diazadiene complex 6, a bis(keteniminate) complex 7, and 8 with a keteniminate ligand and a five-membered metallacycle. Subsequent variation of the Cp ligand and the metal center by using [Cp2 Zr] and [Cp*2 Ti] with Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 in the reactions with PhCH2-C≡N gave complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Becker
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381-1281-51176
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23
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Hong J, Zhang F, Weng L, Zhou X. Versatile Reactivity of β-Diketiminato-Supported Yttrium Dialkyl Complex toward Aromatic N-Heterocycles. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500500b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianquan Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhong Weng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Hong J, Zhou X. Rare-Earth-Metal-Catalyzed Addition of Terminal Monoalkynes and Dialkynes with Aryl-Substituted Symmetrical or Unsymmetrical Carbodiimides. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5008665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianquan Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Yi W, Zhang J, Huang S, Weng L, Zhou X. Reactivity of TpMe2-Supported Yttrium Alkyl Complexes toward Aromatic N-Heterocycles: Ring-Opening or CC Bond Formation Directed by CH Activation. Chemistry 2013; 20:867-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Yi W, Huang S, Zhang J, Chen Z, Zhou X. Reactivity of Scorpionate-Anchored Yttrium Alkyl Primary Amido Complexes toward Carbodiimides. Insertion Selectivity of Y–NHAr and Y–CH2Ph Bonds. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400698j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyin Yi
- Department of Chemistry,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujian Huang
- Department of Chemistry,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Chen
- Department of Chemistry,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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