1
|
Singh MK, Lakshman MK. Recent developments in the utility of saturated azaheterocycles in peptidomimetics. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:963-979. [PMID: 35018952 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01329g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To a large extent, the physical and chemical properties of peptidomimetic molecules are dictated by the integrated heterocyclic scaffolds they contain. Heterocyclic moieties are introduced into a majority of peptide-mimicking molecules to modulate conformational flexibility, improve bioavailability, and fine-tune electronics, and in order to achieve potency similar to or better than that of the natural peptide ligand. This mini-review delineates recent developments, limited to the past five years, in the utility of selected saturated 3- to 6-membered heterocyclic moieties in peptidomimetic design. Also discussed is the chemistry involved in the synthesis of the azaheterocyclic scaffolds and the structural implications of the introduction of these azaheterocycles in peptide backbones as well as side chains of the peptide mimics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Singh
- Department of Science, Technology, and Mathematics, Lincoln University, 820 Chestnut Street, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, USA.
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA.,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Recent Advances in Macrocyclic Drugs and Microwave-Assisted and/or Solid-Supported Synthesis of Macrocycles. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031012. [PMID: 35164274 PMCID: PMC8839925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrocycles represent attractive candidates in organic synthesis and drug discovery. Since 2014, nineteen macrocyclic drugs, including three radiopharmaceuticals, have been approved by FDA for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections, cancer, obesity, immunosuppression, etc. As such, new synthetic methodologies and high throughput chemistry (e.g., microwave-assisted and/or solid-phase synthesis) to access various macrocycle entities have attracted great interest in this chemical space. This article serves as an update on our previous review related to macrocyclic drugs and new synthetic strategies toward macrocycles (Molecules, 2013, 18, 6230). In this work, I first reviewed recent FDA-approved macrocyclic drugs since 2014, followed by new advances in macrocycle synthesis using high throughput chemistry, including microwave-assisted and/or solid-supported macrocyclization strategies. Examples and highlights of macrocyclization include macrolactonization and macrolactamization, transition-metal catalyzed olefin ring-closure metathesis, intramolecular C–C and C–heteroatom cross-coupling, copper- or ruthenium-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition, intramolecular SNAr or SN2 nucleophilic substitution, condensation reaction, and multi-component reaction-mediated macrocyclization, and covering the literature since 2010.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ligation, Macrocyclization, and Simultaneous Functionalization of Peptides by Multicomponent Reactions (MCR). Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34596847 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1689-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are recently expanding the plethora of solid-phase protocols for the synthesis and derivatization of peptides. Herein, we describe a solid-phase-compatible strategy based on MCRs as a powerful strategy for peptide cyclization and ligation . We illustrate, using Gramicidin S as a model peptide, how the execution of on-resin Ugi reactions enables the simultaneous backbone N-functionalization and cyclization, which are important types of derivatizations in peptide-based drug development or for incorporation of conjugation handles, or labels.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bechtler C, Lamers C. Macrocyclization strategies for cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1325-1351. [PMID: 34447937 PMCID: PMC8372203 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00083g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides are a growing therapeutic class due to their unique spatial characteristics that can target traditionally "undruggable" protein-protein interactions and surfaces. Despite their advantages, peptides must overcome several key shortcomings to be considered as drug leads, including their high conformational flexibility and susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage. As a general approach for overcoming these challenges, macrocyclization of a linear peptide can usually improve these characteristics. Their synthetic accessibility makes peptide macrocycles very attractive, though traditional synthetic methods for macrocyclization can be challenging for peptides, especially for head-to-tail cyclization. This review provides an updated summary of the available macrocyclization chemistries, such as traditional lactam formation, azide-alkyne cycloadditions, ring-closing metathesis as well as unconventional cyclization reactions, and it is structured according to the obtained functional groups. Keeping peptide chemistry and screening in mind, the focus is given to reactions applicable in solution, on solid supports, and compatible with contemporary screening methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bechtler
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Christina Lamers
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstr. 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
On-resin multicomponent protocols for biopolymer assembly and derivatization. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:561-578. [PMID: 33473197 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase synthesis represents the methodological showcase for technological advances such as split-and-pool combinatorial chemistry and the automated synthesis of peptides, nucleic acids and polysaccharides. These strategies involve iterative coupling cycles that do not generate functional diversity besides that incorporated by the amino acids, nucleosides and monosaccharide building blocks. In sharp contrast, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are traditionally used to generate both skeletal and appendage diversity in short, batchwise procedures. On-resin MCRs have traditionally been employed for the construction of heterocycle and peptidomimetic libraries, but that scenario has changed recently, and today the focus is more on the solid-phase derivatization of peptides and oligonucleotides. This review presents relevant experimental details and addresses the synthetic scope of such on-resin multicomponent protocols employed to accomplish specific biopolymer covalent modifications that are practically inviable by traditional solution-phase methodologies. Recommendations are provided to facilitate the implementation of solid-supported protocols and avoid possible pitfalls associated with the selection of the polymeric resin, the solvent and the order and amount of the reagents employed. We describe procedures comprising the multicomponent lipidation, biotinylation and labeling of both termini and the side chains, as well as the use of MCRs in the traceless on-resin synthesis of ligated and cyclic peptides. Solid-phase protocols for the assembly of α-helical and parallel β-sheet peptides as well as hybrid peptide-peptoid and peptide-peptide nucleic acid architectures are described. Finally, the solid-supported multicomponent derivatization of DNA oligonucleotides is illustrated as part of the DNA-encoded library technology relying on MCR-derived heterocyclic compounds.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lawer A, Epton RG, Stephens TC, Palate KY, Lodi M, Marotte E, Lamb KJ, Sangha JK, Lynam JM, Unsworth WP. Evaluating the Viability of Successive Ring-Expansions Based on Amino Acid and Hydroxyacid Side-Chain Insertion. Chemistry 2020; 26:12674-12683. [PMID: 32432817 PMCID: PMC7589337 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of ring-expansion reactions based on amino/hydroxyacid side-chain insertion is strongly dependent on ring size. This manuscript, which builds upon our previous work on Successive Ring Expansion (SuRE) methods, details efforts to better define the scope and limitations of these reactions on lactam and β-ketoester ring systems with respect to ring size and additional functionality. The synthetic results provide clear guidelines as to which substrate classes are more likely to be successful and are supported by computational results, using a density functional theory (DFT) approach. Calculating the relative Gibbs free energies of the three isomeric species that are formed reversibly during ring expansion enables the viability of new synthetic reactions to be correctly predicted in most cases. The new synthetic and computational results are expected to support the design of new lactam- and β-ketoester-based ring-expansion reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aggie Lawer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Ryan G. Epton
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | | | - Mahendar Lodi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Emilie Marotte
- ENSICAEN6 Boulevard Maréchal Juin, CS 4505314050Caen Cedex 04France
| | - Katie J. Lamb
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mothukuri GK, Kale SS, Stenbratt CL, Zorzi A, Vesin J, Bortoli Chapalay J, Deyle K, Turcatti G, Cendron L, Angelini A, Heinis C. Macrocycle synthesis strategy based on step-wise "adding and reacting" three components enables screening of large combinatorial libraries. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7858-7863. [PMID: 34094158 PMCID: PMC8163216 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01944e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrocycles provide an attractive modality for drug development, but generating ligands for new targets is hampered by the limited availability of large macrocycle libraries. We have established a solution-phase macrocycle synthesis strategy in which three building blocks are coupled sequentially in efficient alkylation reactions that eliminate the need for product purification. We demonstrate the power of the approach by combinatorially reacting 15 bromoacetamide-activated tripeptides, 42 amines, and 6 bis-electrophile cyclization linkers to generate a 3780-compound library with minimal effort. Screening against thrombin yielded a potent and selective inhibitor (K i = 4.2 ± 0.8 nM) that efficiently blocked blood coagulation in human plasma. Structure-activity relationship and X-ray crystallography analysis revealed that two of the three building blocks acted synergistically and underscored the importance of combinatorial screening in macrocycle development. The three-component library synthesis approach is general and offers a promising avenue to generate macrocycle ligands to other targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh K Mothukuri
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Sangram S Kale
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Carl L Stenbratt
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Zorzi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Vesin
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Julien Bortoli Chapalay
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kaycie Deyle
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Laura Cendron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Alessandro Angelini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre Venice 30172 Italy
- European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT), Ca' Bottacin Dorsoduro 3911, Calle Crosera Venice 30124 Italy
| | - Christian Heinis
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lawer A, Rossi‐Ashton JA, Stephens TC, Challis BJ, Epton RG, Lynam JM, Unsworth WP. Internal Nucleophilic Catalyst Mediated Cyclisation/Ring Expansion Cascades for the Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Lactones and Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13942-13947. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
9
|
Lawer A, Rossi‐Ashton JA, Stephens TC, Challis BJ, Epton RG, Lynam JM, Unsworth WP. Internal Nucleophilic Catalyst Mediated Cyclisation/Ring Expansion Cascades for the Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Lactones and Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
10
|
Reguera L, Rivera DG. Multicomponent Reaction Toolbox for Peptide Macrocyclization and Stapling. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9836-9860. [PMID: 30990310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, multicomponent reactions have experienced a renaissance as powerful peptide macrocyclization tools enabling the rapid creation of skeletal complexity and diversity with low synthetic cost. This review provides both a historical and modern overview of the development of the peptide multicomponent macrocyclization as a strategy capable to compete with the classic peptide cyclization methods in terms of chemical efficiency and synthetic scope. We prove that the utilization of multicomponent reactions for cyclizing peptides by either their termini or side chains provides a key advantage over those more established methods; that is, the possibility to explore the cyclic peptide chemotype space not only at the amino acid sequence but also at the ring-forming moiety. Owing to its multicomponent nature, this type of peptide cyclization process is well-suited to generate diversity at both the endo- and exo-cyclic fragments formed during the ring-closing step, which stands as a distinctive and useful characteristic for the creation and screening of cyclic peptide libraries. Examples of the novel multicomponent peptide stapling approach and heterocycle ring-forming macrocyclizations are included, along with multicomponent methods incorporating macrocyclization handles and the one-pot syntheses of macromulticyclic peptide cages. Interesting applications of this strategy in the field of drug discovery and chemical biology are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Reguera
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Havana , Zapata y G , Havana 10400 , Cuba
| | - Daniel G Rivera
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Havana , Zapata y G , Havana 10400 , Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stereoselective Multicomponent Reactions in the Synthesis or Transformations of Epoxides and Aziridines. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030630. [PMID: 30754666 PMCID: PMC6384726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Small ring heterocycles, such as epoxides and aziridines, are present in several natural products and are also highly versatile building blocks, frequently involved in the synthesis of numerous bioactive products and pharmaceuticals. Because of the potential for increased efficiency and selectivity, along with the advantages of environmentally benign synthetic procedures, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have been explored in the synthesis and ring opening of these heterocyclic units. In this review, the recent advances in MCRs involving the synthesis and applications of epoxides and aziridines to the preparation of other heterocycles are discussed emphasizing the stereoselectivity of the reactions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Vasco AV, Méndez Y, Porzel A, Balbach J, Wessjohann LA, Rivera DG. A Multicomponent Stapling Approach to Exocyclic Functionalized Helical Peptides: Adding Lipids, Sugars, PEGs, Labels, and Handles to the Lactam Bridge. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:253-259. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldrin V. Vasco
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yanira Méndez
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Center for Natural Products Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata y G, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | - Andrea Porzel
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jochen Balbach
- Institute of Physics/Biophysics and Center for Structural and Dynamics of Proteins, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel G. Rivera
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Center for Natural Products Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata y G, Havana 10400, Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stephens TC, Lawer A, French T, Unsworth WP. Iterative Assembly of Macrocyclic Lactones using Successive Ring Expansion Reactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:13947-13953. [PMID: 30011360 PMCID: PMC6334170 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic lactones can be prepared from lactams and hydroxyacid derivatives via an efficient 3- or 4-atom iterative ring expansion protocol. The products can also be expanded using amino acid-based linear fragments, meaning that macrocycles with precise sequences of hydroxy- and amino acids can be assembled in high yields by "growing" them from smaller rings, using a simple procedure in which high dilution is not required. The method should significantly expedite the practical synthesis of diverse nitrogen containing macrolide frameworks.
Collapse
|
14
|
Jobin S, Méjean A, Galindo SM, Liang X, Vézina-Dawod S, Biron E. Toward solid-phase peptide fragment ligation by a traceless-Ugi multicomponent reaction approach. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:11230-11237. [PMID: 27841889 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02342h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology to couple peptide fragments on solid support using a traceless isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction is described. The approach uses a microwave-assisted on-resin Ugi four-component reaction to attach a carboxyl free peptide to a supported peptide bearing a free N-terminal amine via the formation of an N-protected amide bond at the ligation site. Afterward, the generated backbone amide protecting group can be efficiently removed by microwave-assisted acidolysis with trifluoroacetic acid to afford a fully deprotected peptide. This straightforward Ugi reaction/deprotection approach was applied to condense various fragment lengths and provided a variety of oligopeptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Jobin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Alexia Méjean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Sindy-Marcela Galindo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Xinxia Liang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Simon Vézina-Dawod
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Eric Biron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval and Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tangara S, Kanazawa A, Py S. The Baldwin Rearrangement: Synthesis of 2-Acylaziridines. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salia Tangara
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM; CNRS; 38000 Grenoble France
| | | | - Sandrine Py
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM; CNRS; 38000 Grenoble France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stephens TC, Lodi M, Steer AM, Lin Y, Gill MT, Unsworth WP. Synthesis of Cyclic Peptide Mimetics by the Successive Ring Expansion of Lactams. Chemistry 2017; 23:13314-13318. [PMID: 28722215 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A successive ring-expansion protocol is reported that enables the controlled insertion of natural and non-natural amino acid fragments into lactams. Amino acids can be installed into macrocycles via an operationally simple and scalable iterative procedure, without the need for high dilution. This method is expected to be of broad utility, especially for the synthesis of medicinally important cyclic peptide mimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahendar Lodi
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew M Steer
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Matthew T Gill
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Donald JR, Unsworth WP. Ring-Expansion Reactions in the Synthesis of Macrocycles and Medium-Sized Rings. Chemistry 2017; 23:8780-8799. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Donald
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baud LG, Manning MA, Arkless HL, Stephens TC, Unsworth WP. Ring-Expansion Approach to Medium-Sized Lactams and Analysis of Their Medicinal Lead-Like Properties. Chemistry 2017; 23:2225-2230. [PMID: 27935197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Medium-sized rings are widely considered to be under-represented in biological screening libraries for lead identification in medicinal chemistry. To help address this, a library of medium-sized lactams has been generated by using a simple, scalable and versatile ring-expansion protocol. Analysis of the library by using open-access computational tool LLAMA suggested that these lactams and their derivatives have highly promising physicochemical and 3D spatial properties and thus have much potential in drug discovery.
Collapse
|
19
|
Tejo C, Tirtorahardjo D, Day DP, Ma DL, Leung CH, Chan PWH. Brønsted Base-Mediated Aziridination of 2-Alkyl-Substituted-1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and 2-Acyl-Substituted-1,4-Dicarbonyl Compounds by Iminoiodanes. Aust J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of α,α-diacylaziridines and α,α,β-triacylaziridines from reaction of 2-alkyl-substituted-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and 2-acyl-substituted-1,4-dicarbonyl compounds with arylsulfonyliminoiodinanes (ArSO2N=IPh) under Brønsted base-mediated atmospheric conditions is described. The reaction mechanism is thought to involve the formal oxidation of the substrate followed by aziridination of the ensuing α,β-unsaturated intermediate by the hypervalent iodine(iii) reagent.
Collapse
|
20
|
Morejón MC, Laub A, Kaluđerović GN, Puentes AR, Hmedat AN, Otero-González AJ, Rivera DG, Wessjohann LA. A multicomponent macrocyclization strategy to natural product-like cyclic lipopeptides: synthesis and anticancer evaluation of surfactin and mycosubtilin analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3628-3637. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Two birds in one shot: oligopeptides can be cyclized and lipidated in one step with multicomponent reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micjel C. Morejón
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
- Center for Natural Products Research
| | - Annegret Laub
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
| | - Goran N. Kaluđerović
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
| | - Alfredo R. Puentes
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
- Center for Natural Products Research
| | - Ali N. Hmedat
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
| | | | - Daniel G. Rivera
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
- Center for Natural Products Research
| | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
- Halle/Saale
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Morejón MC, Laub A, Westermann B, Rivera DG, Wessjohann LA. Solution- and Solid-Phase Macrocyclization of Peptides by the Ugi-Smiles Multicomponent Reaction: Synthesis of N-Aryl-Bridged Cyclic Lipopeptides. Org Lett 2016; 18:4096-9. [PMID: 27505031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A new multicomponent methodology for the solution- and solid-phase macrocyclization of peptides is described. The approach comprises the utilization of the Ugi-Smiles reaction for the cyclization of 3-nitrotyrosine-containing peptides either by the N-terminus or the lysine side-chain amino groups. Both the on-resin and solution cyclizations took place with good to excellent efficiency in the presence of an aldehyde and a lipidic isocyanide, while the use of paraformaldehyde required an aminocatalysis-mediated imine formation prior to the on-resin Ugi-Smiles ring closure. The introduction of a turn motif in the peptide sequence facilitated the cyclization step, shortened the reaction time, and delivered crude products with >90% purity. This powerful method provided a variety of structurally novel N-aryl-bridged cyclic lipopeptides occurring as single atropisomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micjel C Morejón
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.,Center for Natural Products Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana , Zapata y G, 10400 Havana, Cuba
| | - Annegret Laub
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Bernhard Westermann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Daniel G Rivera
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.,Center for Natural Products Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana , Zapata y G, 10400 Havana, Cuba
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|