1
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Pearce KG, Morris LJ, Robinson TP, Johnson AL, Mahon MF, Hill MS. From alkaline earth to coinage metal carboranyls. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6653-6659. [PMID: 38525661 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The β-diketiminato calcium and magnesium complexes, [(BDI)MgnBu] and [(BDI)CaH]2 (BDI = HC{C(Me)NDipp}2; Dipp = 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl), react with ortho-carborane (o-C2B10H12) to provide the respective [(BDI)Ae(o-C2B10H11)] (Ae = Mg or Ca) complexes. While the lighter group 2 species is a monomer with magnesium in a distorted trigonal planar environment, the heavier analogue displays a puckered geometry at calcium in the solid state due to Ca⋯H-B intermolecular interactions. These secondary contacts are, however, readily disrupted upon addition of THF to provide the 4-coordinate monomer, [(BDI)Ca(THF)(o-C2B10H11)]. [(BDI)Mg(o-C2B10H11)] was reacted with [NHCIPrMCl] (NHCIPr = 1,3-bis(isopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; M = Cu, Ag, Au) to provide [NHCIPrM(o-C2B10H11)], rare C-bonded examples of coinage metal derivatives of unsubstituted (o-C2B10H11)- and confirming the alkaline earth compounds as viable reagents for the transmetalation of the carboranyl anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Louis J Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Thomas P Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Andrew L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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2
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Giuso V, Yang J, Forté J, Dossmann H, Daniel C, Gourlaouen C, Mauro M, Bertrand B. Binuclear Biphenyl Organogold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical and Theoretical Investigation, and Anticancer Activity. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300303. [PMID: 37610058 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of four binuclear complexes of general formula [(C^C)Au(Cl)(L^L)(Cl)Au(C^C)], where C^C is 4,4'-diterbutylbiphenyl and L^L is either a bridging diphosphine or 4,4'-bipyridine, are synthetized with 52 to 72 % yield and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The use of the chelating 1,2-diphenylphosphinoethane ligand in a 1 : 2 (P^P):Au stoichiometry leads to the near quantitative formation of a gold double-complex salt of general formula [(C^C)Au(P^P)][(C^C^)AuCl2 ]. The compounds display long-lived yellow-green phosphorescence with λem in the range of 525 to 585 nm in the solid state with photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) up to 10 %. These AuIII complexes are tested for their antiproliferative activity against lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 and results show that compounds 2 and 5 are the most promising candidates. The digold salt 5 shows anticancer activity between 66 and 200 nM on the tested cancer cell lines, whereas derivative 2 displays concentration values required to reduce by 50 % the cell viability (IC50 ) between 7 and 11 μM. Reactivity studies of compound 5 reveal that the [(C^C)Au(P^P)]+ cation is stable in the presence of relevant biomolecules including glutathione suggesting a structural mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Giuso
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jeannine Yang
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Dossmann
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Daniel
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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3
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Bourehil L, Soep C, Seng S, Dutrannoy S, Igoudjil S, Forté J, Gontard G, Lesage D, Bertrand B, Dossmann H. Bond-Dissociation Energies to Probe Pyridine Electronic Effects on Organogold(III) Complexes: From Methodological Developments to Application in π-Backdonation Investigation and Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13304-13314. [PMID: 37560906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the synthesis of several organogold(III) complexes based on 4,4'-diterbutylbiphenyl (C^C) and 2,6-bis(4-terbutylphenyl)pyridine (C^N^C) ligands and bond with variously substituted pyridine ligands (pyrR). Altogether, 33 complexes have been prepared and studied with mass spectrometry using higher-energy collision dissociation (HCD) in an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. A complete methodology including the kinetic modeling of the dissociation process based on the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) statistical method is proposed to obtain critical energies E0 of the pyrR loss for all complexes. The capacity of these E0 values to describe the pyridine ligand effect is further explored, at the same time as more classical descriptors such as 1H pyridinic NMR shift variation upon coordination and Au-NpyrR bond length measured by X-ray diffraction. An extensive theoretical work, including density functional theory (DFT) and domain-based local pair natural orbital coupled-cluster theory (DLPNO-CCSD(T)) methods, is also carried out to provide bond-dissociation energies, which are compared to experimental results. Results show that dissociation energy outperforms other descriptors, in particular to describe ligand effects over a large electronic effect range as seen by confronting the results to the pyrR pKa values. Further insights into the Au-NpyrR bond are obtained through an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) study, which confirms the isolobal character of Au+ with H+. Finally, the correlation between the lability of the pyridine ligands toward the catalytic efficiency of the complexes could be demonstrated in an intramolecular hydroarylation reaction of alkyne. The results were rationalized considering both pre-catalyst activation and catalyst reactivity. This study establishes the possibility of correlating dissociation energy, which is a gas-phase descriptor, with condensed-phase parameters such as catalysis efficiency. It therefore holds great potential for inorganic and organometallic chemistry by opening a convenient and easy way to evaluate the electronic influence of a ligand toward a metallic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyna Bourehil
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clément Soep
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sopheak Seng
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Dutrannoy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stacy Igoudjil
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey Gontard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Dossmann
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
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4
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Phung A, Fettinger JC, Power PP. Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopy of the Biscarboranyl Stannylenes ( bc)Sn·THF and K 2[( bc)Sn] 2 ( bc = 1,1'( ortho-Biscarborane)) and Dibiscarboranyl Ethene ( bc)CH=CH( bc). Organometallics 2023; 42:1649-1657. [PMID: 37448537 PMCID: PMC10337257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds containing a Sn(II) atom supported by a bidentate biscarborane ligand have been synthesized via salt metathesis. The synthetic procedures for (bc)Sn·THF (bc = 1,1' (ortho-carborane) (1) and K2[(bc)Sn]2 (2) involved the reaction of K2[bc] with SnCl2 in either a THF solution (1) or in a benzene/dichloromethane solvent mixture (2). Using the same solvent conditions as those used for 2 but using a shorter reaction time gave a dibiscarboranyl ethene (3). The products were characterized by 1H, 13C, 11B, 119Sn NMR, UV-vis, and IR spectroscopy, and by X-ray crystallography. The diffraction data for 1 and 2 show that the Sn atom has a trigonal pyramid environment and is constrained by the bc ligand in a planar five-membered C4Sn heterocycle. The 119Sn NMR spectrum of 1 displays a triplet of triplets pattern signal, which is unexpected given the absence of a Sn-H signal in the 1H NMR, IR spectrum, and X-ray crystallographic data. However, a comparison with other organotin compounds featuring a Sn atom bonded to carboranes reveal similar multiplets in their 119Sn NMR spectra, likely arising from long-range nuclear spin-spin coupling between the carboranyl 11B and 119Sn nuclei. Compound 3 displays structural and spectroscopic characteristics typical of conjugated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice
C. Phung
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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5
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Au(III) Cyclometallated Compounds with 2-Arylpyridines and Their Derivatives or Analogues: 34 Years (1989–2022) of NMR and Single Crystal X-ray Studies. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A review paper on Au(III) cyclometallated compounds with 2-arylpyridines (2-phenylpyridine, 2-benzylpyridine, 2-benzoylpyridine, 2-phenoxypyridine, 2-phenylsulfanylpyridine, 2-anilinopyridine, 2-(naphth-2-yl)pyridine, 2-(9,9-dialkylfluoren-2-yl)pyridines, 2-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)pyridine, and their derivatives) and their analogues (2-arylquinolines, 1- and 3-arylisoquinolines, 7,8-benzoquinoline), with 113 references. A total of 554 species, containing κ2-N(1),C(6′)*-Au(III), or analogous moiety (i.e., chelated by nitrogen of the pyridine-like ring and the deprotonated ortho- carbon of the phenyl-like ring) and, thus, possessing a character intermediate between metal complexes and organometallics, studied in the years 1989–2022 by NMR spectroscopy and/or single crystal X-ray diffraction (207 X-ray structures), are described. The compounds for which biological or catalytic activity and the luminescence properties were studied are also quoted.
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6
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Jeans RJ, Rosair GM, Welch AJ. C, C'-Ru to C, B'-Ru isomerisation in bis(phosphine)Ru complexes of [1,1'-bis( ortho-carborane)]. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:64-67. [PMID: 34873603 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06119d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the first example of the controlled isomerisation of a C,C'-bound (to metal) bis(ortho-carborane) ligand to C,B'-bound with no other change in the molecule. Since the C and B vertices of carboranes have different electron-donating properties this transformation allows the reactivity of the metal centre to be fine-tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J Jeans
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Georgina M Rosair
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Alan J Welch
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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7
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Pérez-Bitrián A, Baya M, Casas JM, Martín A, Menjón B. Hydrogen bonding to metals as a probe for an inverted ligand field. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5465-5472. [PMID: 33908974 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electron-rich, late transition metals are known to act as hydrogen-bonding (HBd) acceptors. In this regard, Pt(ii) centres in square-planar environments are particularly efficient. It is however puzzling that no convincing experimental evidence is currently available for the isoelectronic neighbour Au(iii) being involved in HBd interactions. We report now on the synthesis and characterisation of two series of isoleptic and isoelectronic (d8) compounds [(CF3)3Pt(L)]- and (CF3)3Au(L), where the L ligands are based on the quinoline frame and have been selected to favour HBd with the metal centre. Strong HBd interactions were actually found in the Pt(ii) compounds, based on structural and spectroscopic evidence, and they were further confirmed by theoretical calculations. In contrast, no evidence was obtained in the Au(iii) case. In order to find the reason underlying this general disparity, we undertook a detailed theoretical analysis of the model systems [(CF3)3Pt(py)]- and (CF3)3Au(py). This study revealed that the filled dz2 orbital is the HOMO in the case of Pt(ii), but is buried in the lower energy levels in the case of Au(iii). The sharply different electronic configurations involve ligand-field inversion on going from Pt to the next element Au. This is not a gradual but an abrupt change, which invalidates Au(iii) as a HBd-acceptor wherever ligand-field inversion occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Pérez-Bitrián
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Miguel Baya
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - José M Casas
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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8
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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9
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Witzel S, Holmsen MSM, Rudolph M, Dietl MC, Øien-Ødegaard S, Rominger F, Tilset M, Hashmi ASK. Simple Mercury-Free Synthesis and Characterization of Symmetric and Unsymmetric Mono- and Dialkynyl (tpy)Au(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Witzel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marte S. M. Holmsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin C. Dietl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sigurd Øien-Ødegaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Rocchigiani L, Klooster WT, Coles SJ, Hughes DL, Hrobárik P, Bochmann M. Hydride Transfer to Gold: Yes or No? Exploring the Unexpected Versatility of Au⋅⋅⋅H−M Bonding in Heterobimetallic Dihydrides. Chemistry 2020; 26:8267-8280. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
| | - Wim T. Klooster
- National Crystallography ServiceSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton Southampton SO171BJ UK
| | - Simon J. Coles
- National Crystallography ServiceSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton Southampton SO171BJ UK
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesComenius University 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
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11
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Segato J, Del Zotto A, Belpassi L, Belanzoni P, Zuccaccia D. Hydration of alkynes catalyzed by [Au(X)(L)(ppy)]X in the green solvent γ-valerolactone under acid-free conditions: the importance of the pre-equilibrium step. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Stable and robust [Au(H2O)(NHC)(ppy)](X)2 successfully catalyses the hydration of alkynes in GVL, under acid-free conditions. DFT calculation and NMR measurements suggest that pre-equilibrium is the key step of the whole process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Segato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Zotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
| | - Daniele Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
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