1
|
Majewski L, Nowak J, Sobczak M, Karatsai O, Havrylov S, Lenartowski R, Suszek M, Lenartowska M, Redowicz MJ. Myosin VI in the nucleus of neurosecretory PC12 cells: Stimulation-dependent nuclear translocation and interaction with nuclear proteins. Nucleus 2018; 9:125-141. [PMID: 29293066 PMCID: PMC5973263 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2017.1421881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin VI (MVI) is a unique actin-based motor protein moving towards the minus end of actin filaments, in the opposite direction than other known myosins. Besides well described functions of MVI in endocytosis and maintenance of Golgi apparatus, there are few reports showing its involvement in transcription. We previously demonstrated that in neurosecretory PC12 cells MVI was present in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its depletion caused substantial inhibition of cell migration and proliferation. Here, we show an increase in nuclear localization of MVI upon cell stimulation, and identification of potential nuclear localization (NLS) and nuclear export (NES) signals within MVI heavy chain. These signals seem to be functional as the MVI nuclear presence was affected by the inhibitors of nuclear import (ivermectin) and export (leptomycin B). In nuclei of stimulated cells, MVI colocalized with active RNA polymerase II, BrUTP-containing transcription sites and transcription factor SP1 as well as SC35 and PML proteins, markers of nuclear speckles and PML bodies, respectively. Mass spectrometry analysis of samples of a GST-pull-down assay with the MVI tail domain as a "bait" identified several new potential MVI binding partners. Among them are proteins involved in transcription and post-transcriptional processes. We confirmed interaction of MVI with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU) and nucleolin, proteins involved in pre-mRNA binding and transport, and nucleolar function, respectively. Our data provide an insight into mechanisms of involvement of MVI in nuclear processes via interaction with nuclear proteins and support a notion for important role(s) for MVI in gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Majewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Nowak
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sobczak
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olena Karatsai
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Serhiy Havrylov
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Lenartowski
- Laboratory of Isotope and Instrumental Analysis, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Suszek
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Lenartowska
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Maria Jolanta Redowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kierdaszuk B, Berdynski M, Karolczak J, Redowicz MJ, Zekanowski C, Kaminska AM. A novel mutation in the DNM2 gene impairs dynamin 2 localization in skeletal muscle of a patient with late onset centronuclear myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013; 23:219-28. [PMID: 23374900 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies constitute a group of heterogeneous congenital myopathies characterized by the presence of abnormal, centrally located nuclei within muscle fibers. Centronuclear myopathies can be caused by mutations of several different genes, including DNM2, encoding dynamin 2 (DNM2) a large GTPase involved in membrane trafficking and endocytosis. We report a 52-year-old female with slowly progressive muscle weakness, and a family history of the disease. Clinical, morphological, biochemical and genetic analyses of the proband and her family members were performed, including analyses of the proband's muscle biopsy. A novel D614N mutation, located in the C-terminal region pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain of DNM2 was identified in the proband and four family members, who exhibited similar symptoms. The mutation was associated with profound changes in the localization of DNM2 in muscle fibers without significant changes in protein expression. Mutated DNM2 and proteins involved in the membrane trafficking or membrane compartments maintenance were dislocalized within the myofiber, and concentrated at centrally located nuclei. This novel causative mutation (D614N) within the DNM2 gene in a large Polish centronuclear myopathy family with a late age of overt clinical manifestation caused profound changes in DNM2 localization and impaired proper organization of myofibers, and skeletal muscle functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biruta Kierdaszuk
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsai WC, Hsu CC, Pang JHS, Lin MS, Chen YH, Liang FC. Low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte migration with up-regulation of dynamin II expression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38235. [PMID: 22666495 PMCID: PMC3364209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is commonly used to treat sports-related tendinopathy or tendon injury. Tendon healing requires tenocyte migration to the repair site, followed by proliferation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix. This study was designed to determine the effect of laser on tenocyte migration. Furthermore, the correlation between this effect and expression of dynamin 2, a positive regulator of cell motility, was also investigated. Tenocytes intrinsic to rat Achilles tendon were treated with low-level laser (660 nm with energy density at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 J/cm2). Tenocyte migration was evaluated by an in vitro wound healing model and by transwell filter migration assay. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of dynamin 2 were determined by reverse transcription/real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and Western blot analysis respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the dynamin 2 expression in tenocytes. Tenocytes with or without laser irradiation was treated with dynasore, a dynamin competitor and then underwent transwell filter migration assay. In vitro wound model revealed that more tenocytes with laser irradiation migrated across the wound border to the cell-free zone. Transwell filter migration assay confirmed that tenocyte migration was enhanced dose-dependently by laser. Real-time PCR and Western-blot analysis demonstrated that mRNA and protein expressions of dynamin 2 were up-regulated by laser irradiation dose-dependently. Confocal microscopy showed that laser enhanced the expression of dynamin 2 in cytoplasm of tenocytes. The stimulation effect of laser on tenocytes migration was suppressed by dynasore. In conclusion, low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte migration in a process that is mediated by up-regulation of dynamin 2, which can be suppressed by dynasore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Hsu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S. Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Miao-Sui Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsun Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chen Liang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jóźwiak J, Rzhepetskyy Y, Sobczak M, Kocik E, Skórzewski R, Kłopocka W, Rędowicz MJ. C-terminal fragment of amebin promotes actin filament bundling, inhibits acto-myosin ATPase activity and is essential for amoeba migration. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 506:99-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Sobczak M, Wasik A, Kłopocka W, Redowicz MJ. Involvement of myosin VI immunoanalog in pinocytosis and phagocytosis in Amoeba proteus. Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 86:509-19. [PMID: 19088799 DOI: 10.1139/o08-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we found a 130-kDa myosin VI immunoanalog in amoeba, which bound to actin in an ATP-sensitive manner and in migrating amoebae colocalized to filamentous actin and dynamin II-containing vesicular structures. To further characterize this protein, we assessed its involvement in amoeba pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy of immunogold-stained cells revealed that, in pinocytotic and phagocytotic amoebae, the myosin VI immunoanalog was visible throughout the cells, including pinocytotic channels and pinocytotic vesicles as well as phagosomes and emerging phagocytic cups. Blocking endogenous protein with anti-porcine myosin VI antibody (introduced into cells by means of microinjection) caused severe defects in pinocytosis and phagocytosis. In comparison with control cells, the treated amoebae formed ~75% less pinocytotic channels and phagocytosed ~65% less Tetrahymena cells. These data indicate that the myosin VI immunoanalog has an important role in pinocytosis and phagocytosis in Amoeba proteus (Pal.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sobczak
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strzelecka-Kiliszek A, Buszewska ME, Podszywalow-Bartnicka P, Pikula S, Otulak K, Buchet R, Bandorowicz-Pikula J. Calcium- and pH-dependent localization of annexin A6 isoforms in Balb/3T3 fibroblasts reflecting their potential participation in vesicular transport. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:418-34. [PMID: 18044716 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A6 (AnxA6), calcium- and membrane-binding protein, is involved in membrane dynamics. It exists in the cell in two isoforms, AnxA6-1 and AnxA6-2, varying only by the VAAEIL sequence. In most cells, AnxA6-1 predominates. A limited number of observations suggests that both isoforms differ from each other functionally. The EGF-dependent Ca(2+) influx in A431 cells is inhibited only by AnxA6-1. Moreover, AnxA6-2 was found to exhibit higher affinity for Ca(2+). In this report we addressed the potential significance of the VAAEIL deletion in AnxA6-2. For this purpose, we expressed AnxA6 isoform cDNAs in bacteria or mouse Balb/3T3 fibroblasts. The recombinant AnxA6-2 was characterized by a less extended molecular shape than that of AnxA6-1 and required a narrower [Ca(2+)] range to bind liposomes. Upon lowering pH in the presence of EGTA recombinant AnxA6-2 became less hydrophobic than AnxA6-1 as revealed by the Triton X-114 partition. Furthermore, AnxA6-2 revealed stronger F-actin binding than that of AnxA6-1. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the EGFP-tagged AnxA6 isoforms expressed in Balb/3T3 fibroblasts relocate in a Ca(2+)- and H(+)-sensitive manner to the vesicular structures in a perinuclear region or in cytosol. Cell fractionation showed that in resting conditions AnxA6-1 is associated with early endosomes and AnxA6-2 with late endosomes, and an increase in [Ca(2+)] and/or [H(+)] induced their opposite distribution. These findings suggest a potentially independent regulation, localization, and function of AnxA6 isoforms in Balb/3T3 fibroblasts. More generally, our findings suggest distinct functions of AnxA6 isoforms in membrane dynamics.
Collapse
|
7
|
Sobczak M, Kocik E, Redowicz MJ. A novel Amoeba proteus 120 kDa actin-binding protein with only 1 filamin repeat and a coiled-coil region. Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 85:22-31. [PMID: 17464342 DOI: 10.1139/o06-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel 120 kDa actin-binding protein (ApABP-F1) was found in Amoeba proteus. It was distributed throughout the cytoplasm, mainly in the subplasma membrane and perinuclear-nuclear areas, enriched in actin. The full-length cDNA of ApABP consisted of 2672 nucleotides with an open reading frame of 878 amino acids, giving a ~95 kDa protein with a theoretical pI value of 5.11. It had a novel domain organization pattern: the N terminus (residues 1-104) contained 1 calponin-homology (CH) domain, followed by only 1 region that was homologous to the filamin repeat (FR, residues 209-324), and a central region (residues 344-577) exhibiting a very high probability of coiled-coil formation, probably engaged in the observed protein dimerization. A phylogenetic tree constructed for CH domains from 25 various proteins revealed that the CH domain of ApABP was most related to that of the hypothetical mouse KIAA0903-like protein, whereas not much relationship to either filamins or the gelation factor (ABP-120) of Dictyostelium discoideum and Entamoeba histolytica was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sobczak
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Muscle Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pomorski P, Krzemiński P, Wasik A, Wierzbicka K, Barańska J, Kłopocka W. Actin dynamics in Amoeba proteus motility. PROTOPLASMA 2007; 231:31-41. [PMID: 17602277 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-007-0243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied the distribution of the endogenous Arp2/3 complex in Amoeba proteus and visualised the ratio of filamentous (F-actin) to total actin in living cells. The presented results show that in the highly motile Amoeba proteus, Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerisation is involved in the formation of the branching network of the contractile layer, adhesive structures, and perinuclear cytoskeleton. The aggregation of the Arp2/3 complex in the cortical network, with the exception of the uroid and advancing fronts, and the spatial orientation of microfilaments at the leading edge suggest that actin polymerisation in this area is not sufficient to provide the driving force for membrane displacement. The examined proteins were enriched in the pinocytotic pseudopodia and the perinuclear cytoskeleton in pinocytotic amoebae. In migrating amoebae, the course of changes in F-actin concentration corresponded with the distribution of tension in the cell cortex. The maximum level of F-actin in migrating amoebae was observed in the middle-posterior region and in the front of retracting pseudopodia. Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerisation did not seem to influence F-actin concentration. The strongly condensed state of the microfilament system could be attributed to strong isometric contraction of the cortical layer accompanied by its retraction from distal cell regions. Isotonic contraction was limited to the uroid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pomorski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kruchten AE, McNiven MA. Dynamin as a mover and pincher during cell migration and invasion. J Cell Sci 2006; 119:1683-90. [PMID: 16636070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The large GTPase dynamin, long known for its role in endocytosis, has most recently been implicated as a facilitator of cell migration and invasion. Recent observations link dynamin to the cycle of membrane expansion and retraction essential for cell motility. Its role in actin polymerization, membrane deformation and vesiculation, and focal adhesion dynamics are all important for this process, and the new findings provide exciting directions for studies of this ubiquitous and diverse protein family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Kruchten
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Choma MA, Ellerbee AK, Yazdanfar S, Izatt JA. Doppler flow imaging of cytoplasmic streaming using spectral domain phase microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2006; 11:024014. [PMID: 16674204 DOI: 10.1117/1.2193167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Spectral domain phase microscopy (SDPM) is a function extension of spectral domain optical coherence tomography. SDPM achieves exquisite levels of phase stability by employing common-path interferometry. We discuss the theory and limitations of Doppler flow imaging using SDPM, demonstrate monitoring the thermal contraction of a glass sample with nanometer per second velocity sensitivity, and apply this technique to measurement of cytoplasmic streaming in an Amoeba proteus pseudopod. We observe reversal of cytoplasmic flow induced by extracellular CaCl2, and report results that suggest parabolic flow of cytoplasm in the A. proteus pseudopod.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Choma
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|