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Panetto OS, Gomes HF, Fraga Gomes DS, Campos E, Romeiro NC, Costa EP, do Carmo PRL, Feitosa NM, Moraes J. The effects of Roundup® in embryo development and energy metabolism of the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 222:74-81. [PMID: 30981909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Roundup® is currently the most widely used and sold agricultural pesticide in the world. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of Roundup® on energy metabolism during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryogenesis. The embryo toxicity test was performed for 96 h post-fertilisation and the sublethal concentration of Roundup® was defined as 58.3 mg/L, which resulted in failure to inflate the swim bladder. Biochemical assays were performed with viable embryos following glyphosate exposure, and no significant effects on protein, glucose, glycogen, triglyceride levels or the enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were observed. However, the activity of hexokinase was significantly altered following exposure to 11.7 mg/L Roundup®. Through molecular docking we have shown for the first time that the interactions of glucokinase and hexokinases 1 and 2 with glyphosate showed significant interactions in the active sites, corroborating the biochemical results of hexokinase activity in zebrafish exposed to the chemical. From the results of molecular docking interactions carried out on the Zfishglucok, ZfishHK1 and ZfishHK2 models with the glyphosate linker, it can be concluded that there are significant interactions between glyphosate and active sites of glucokinase and hexokinase 1 and 2 proteins. The present work suggests that Roundup® can induce problems in fish embryogenesis relating to the incapacity of swim bladder to inflate. This represents the first study demonstrating the interaction of glyphosate with hexokinase and its isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottassano S Panetto
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Helga F Gomes
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Fraga Gomes
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Eldo Campos
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Nelilma C Romeiro
- Laboratório Integrado de Computação Científica-LICC-NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Evenilton P Costa
- Laboratório Integrado de Computação Científica-LICC-NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Paulo R L do Carmo
- Laboratório Integrado de Computação Científica-LICC-NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Natália M Feitosa
- Laboratório Integrado de Ciências Morfofuncionais, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil
| | - Jorge Moraes
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda, NUPEM, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida São José Barreto, N° 764, Bairro: São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ CEP: 27.965-045, Brazil.
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Craft CS, Scheller EL. Evolution of the Marrow Adipose Tissue Microenvironment. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:461-475. [PMID: 27364342 PMCID: PMC5618436 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes of the marrow adipose tissue (MAT) are distributed throughout the skeleton, are embedded in extracellular matrix, and are surrounded by cells of the hematopoietic and osteogenic lineages. MAT is a persistent component of the skeletal microenvironment and has the potential to impact local processes including bone accrual and hematopoietic function. In this review, we discuss the initial evolution of MAT in vertebrate lineages while emphasizing comparisons to the development of peripheral adipose, hematopoietic, and skeletal tissues. We then apply these evolutionary clues to define putative functions of MAT. Lastly, we explore the regulation of MAT by two major components of its microenvironment, the extracellular matrix and the nerves embedded within. The extracellular matrix and nerves contribute to both rapid and continuous modification of the MAT niche and may help to explain evolutionary conserved mechanisms underlying the coordinated regulation of blood, bone, and MAT within the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa S Craft
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Erica L Scheller
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Marks V. Human obesity: its hormonal basis and the role of gastric inhibitory polypeptide. Med Princ Pract 2006; 15:325-37. [PMID: 16888389 DOI: 10.1159/000094265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an abnormal expansion of the adipose organ and is a pathophysiological response to an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. It is the result of a large number of diverse factors involving heritable and environmental characteristics. A simple definition of obesity is difficult and unsatisfactory and its age dependency has largely been ignored. Differentiation between healthy, age-related plumpness and obesity is often blurred and responsible for overdiagnosis of obesity in the developed world. In the past, epidemiological studies have often ignored the different prognostic significance of the two major phenotypes of human obesity making their conclusions of limited value. The role of heritable factors in determining both the propensity to develop obesity under favourable environmental conditions, including inactivity and unlimited access to fat-rich foods, and the phenotype it assumes received an enormous fillip from experiments involving genetically modified animals. The most important of these have demonstrated the key role played by a number of newly discovered or recently resurrected polypeptide hormones that are released from the intestine in response to food. Molecular manipulation of these hormones, especially of glucose-dependent insulin-stimulatory polypeptide offers a new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Marks
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Post-Graduate Medical School, University of Surrey Guildford, Surrey, UK.
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