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A bifunctional-iodine coordination bismuth crystallization material: excellent photocatalytic and adsorption properties as well as mechanism investigation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Rosner T, Pavlopoulos NG, Shoyhet H, Micheel M, Wächtler M, Adir N, Amirav L. The Other Dimension-Tuning Hole Extraction via Nanorod Width. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12193343. [PMID: 36234471 PMCID: PMC9565346 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Solar-to-hydrogen generation is a promising approach to generate clean and renewable fuel. Nanohybrid structures such as CdSe@CdS-Pt nanorods were found favorable for this task (attaining 100% photon-to-hydrogen production efficiency); yet the rods cannot support overall water splitting. The key limitation seems to be the rate of hole extraction from the semiconductor, jeopardizing both activity and stability. It is suggested that hole extraction might be improved via tuning the rod's dimensions, specifically the width of the CdS shell around the CdSe seed in which the holes reside. In this contribution, we successfully attain atomic-scale control over the width of CdSe@CdS nanorods, which enables us to verify this hypothesis and explore the intricate influence of shell diameter over hole quenching and photocatalytic activity towards H2 production. A non-monotonic effect of the rod's diameter is revealed, and the underlying mechanism for this observation is discussed, alongside implications towards the future design of nanoscale photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Rosner
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Nicholas G. Pavlopoulos
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Hagit Shoyhet
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Mathias Micheel
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (N.A.); (L.A.)
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (N.A.); (L.A.)
| | - Lilac Amirav
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (N.A.); (L.A.)
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Natali M, Sartorel A, Ruggi A. Beyond Water Oxidation: Hybrid, Molecular-Based Photoanodes for the Production of Value-Added Organics. Front Chem 2022; 10:907510. [PMID: 35692692 PMCID: PMC9175021 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.907510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The political and environmental problems related to the massive use of fossil fuels prompted researchers to develop alternative strategies to obtain green and renewable fuels such as hydrogen. The light-driven water splitting process (i.e., the photochemical decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen) is one of the most investigated strategies to achieve this goal. However, the water oxidation reaction still constitutes a formidable challenge because of its kinetic and thermodynamic requirements. Recent research efforts have been focused on the exploration of alternative and more favorable oxidation processes, such as the oxidation of organic substrates, to obtain value-added products in addition to solar fuels. In this mini-review, some of the most intriguing and recent results are presented. In particular, attention is directed on hybrid photoanodes comprising molecular light-absorbing moieties (sensitizers) and catalysts grafted onto either mesoporous semiconductors or conductors. Such systems have been exploited so far for the photoelectrochemical oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in the presence of suitable co-catalysts. Challenges and future perspectives are also briefly discussed, with special focus on the application of such hybrid molecular-based systems to more challenging reactions, such as the activation of C–H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Natali
- Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mirco Natali, ; Andrea Sartorel, ; Albert Ruggi,
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mirco Natali, ; Andrea Sartorel, ; Albert Ruggi,
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Mirco Natali, ; Andrea Sartorel, ; Albert Ruggi,
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Evaluation of Pt Deposition onto Dye-Sensitized NiO Photocathodes for Light-Driven Hydrogen Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The design of photocathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which suitably couple dye-sensitized p-type semiconductors and a hydrogen evolving catalyst (HEC), currently represents an important target in the quest for artificial photosynthesis. In the present manuscript, we report on a systematic evaluation of simple methods for the deposition of Pt metal onto dye-sensitized NiO electrodes. The standard P1 dye was taken as the chromophore of choice and two different NiO substrates were considered. Both potentiostatic and potentiodynamic procedures were evaluated either with or without the inclusion of an additional light bias. Photoelectrochemical characterization of the resulting electrodes in an aqueous solution at pH 4 showed that all the methods tested are effective to attain photocathodes for hydrogen production. The best performances (maximum photocurrent densities of −40 µA·cm−2, IPCE of 0.18%, and ~60% Faradaic yield) were achieved using appreciably fast, light-assisted deposition routes, which are associated with the growth of small Pt islands homogenously distributed on the sensitized NiO.
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Álvarez-Prada I, Nguyen AD, Romero N, Hou H, Benazzi E, Escriche L, Acharjya A, Thomas A, Schwarze M, Schomäcker R, Sala X, Natali M, García-Antón J, Tasbihi M. Insights into the light-driven hydrogen evolution reaction of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride decorated with Pt or Ru nanoparticles. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:731-740. [PMID: 34918734 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru or Pt nanoparticles have been prepared following the organometallic approach and deposited onto the surface of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN). Three different Ru-based samples have also been compared to investigate the effect of 4-phenylpyridine as a stabilizing agent. The photocatalytic performance towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been tested showing that all hybrid systems clearly outperform the photocatalytic activity of bare mpg-CN. In particular, Pt-decorated mpg-CN yields the largest H2 production upon visible-light irradiation (870 μmol h-1 g-1, TOF = 14.1 h-1, TON = 339 after 24 h) when compared with the Ru-based samples (137-155 μmol h-1 g-1, TOFs between 2.3-2.7 h-1, TONs between 54-57 after 24 h). Long-term photochemical tests (up to 65 h irradiation) show also an improved stability of the Pt-based samples over the Ru counterpart. Photophysical experiments aimed at rationalizing the photocatalytic performance of the different hybrid systems elucidate that the enhanced activity of the Pt-decorated mpg-CN over the Ru-based analogues arises from improved electron transfer kinetics from mpg-CN to the metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Álvarez-Prada
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anh Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nuria Romero
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Heting Hou
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elisabetta Benazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Lluís Escriche
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Amitava Acharjya
- Department of Chemistry: Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of Chemistry: Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarze
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Schomäcker
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mirco Natali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Jordi García-Antón
- Departament de Química, Unitat de Química Inorgànica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Minoo Tasbihi
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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Lucarini F, Bongni D, Schiel P, Bevini G, Benazzi E, Solari E, Fadaei-Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Marazzi M, Natali M, Pastore M, Ruggi A. Rationalizing Photo-Triggered Hydrogen Evolution Using Polypyridine Cobalt Complexes: Substituent Effects on Hexadentate Chelating Ligands. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:1874-1885. [PMID: 33650260 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four novel polypyridine cobalt(II) complexes were developed based on a hexadentate ligand scaffold bearing either electron-withdrawing (-CF3 ) or electron-donating (-OCH3 ) groups in different positions of the ligand. Experiments and theoretical calculations were combined to perform a systematic investigation of the effect of the ligand modification on the hydrogen evolution reaction. The results indicated that the position, rather than the type of substituent, was the dominating factor in promoting catalysis. The best performances were observed upon introduction of substituents on the pyridine moiety of the hexadentate ligand, which promoted the formation of the Co(II)H intermediate via intramolecular proton transfer reactions with low activation energy. Quantum yields of 11.3 and 10.1 %, maximum turnover frequencies of 86.1 and 76.6 min-1 , and maximum turnover numbers of 5520 and 4043 were obtained, respectively, with a -OCH3 and a -CF3 substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Lucarini
- Université de Fribourg Département de Chimie, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Bongni
- Université de Fribourg Département de Chimie, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schiel
- Université de Fribourg Département de Chimie, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Bevini
- Università degli studi di Ferrara Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benazzi
- Università degli studi di Ferrara Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Euro Solari
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Marazzi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid), Spain
- Chemical Research Institute "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid), Spain
| | - Mirco Natali
- Università degli studi di Ferrara Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Pastore
- Université de Lorraine & CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Université de Fribourg Département de Chimie, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Charisiadis A, Giannoudis E, Pournara Z, Kosma A, Nikolaou V, Charalambidis G, Artero V, Chavarot‐Kerlidou M, Coutsolelos AG. Synthesis and Characterization of a Covalent Porphyrin‐Cobalt Diimine‐Dioxime Dyad for Photoelectrochemical H
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Evolution. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Charisiadis
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
| | - Emmanouil Giannoudis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Zoi Pournara
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
| | - Aimilia Kosma
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
| | - Vasilis Nikolaou
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
| | - Vincent Artero
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Murielle Chavarot‐Kerlidou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Athanassios G. Coutsolelos
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013 Crete Greece
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Benazzi E, Cristino V, Boaretto R, Caramori S, Natali M. Photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution using CdTe xS 1-x quantum dots as sensitizers on NiO photocathodes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:696-704. [PMID: 33346259 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03567j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design of active photocathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a crucial step in the development of dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DS-PECs) aimed at solar-assisted water splitting. In the present work, we report on the use of orange CdTexS1-x quantum dots (QDs) with an average diameter of ca. 3.5 nm, featuring different capping agents (MAA, MPA, and MSA) for the sensitization of electrodes based on nanostructured NiO. Photoelectrochemical characterization of the resulting NiO|QDs electrodes in the presence of [CoIII(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 as an irreversible electron acceptor elects MAA-capped QDs as the most active sample to achieve substantial photocurrent densities thanks to both improved surface coverage and injection ability. Functionalization of the NiO|QDs electrodes with either heterogeneous Pt or the molecular nickel bis(diphosphine) complex (1) as the hydrogen evolving catalysts (HECs) yields active photocathodes capable of promoting hydrogen evolution upon photoirradiation (maximum photocurrent densities of -16(±2) and -20(±1) μA·cm-2 for Pt and 1 HECs, respectively, at 0 V vs. NHE, 70-80% faradaic efficiency, maximum IPCE of ca. 0.2%). The photoelectrochemical activity is limited by the small surface concentration of the QD sensitizers on the NiO surface and the competitive light absorption by the NiO material which suggests that the match between dye adsorption and the available surface area is critical to achieving efficient hydrogen evolution by thiol-capped QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Benazzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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