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Okada M, Sasaki D, Kohno H. In situ scanning electron microscopy observations of filler material transport in branched carbon microtubes by Joule heating. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 69:291-297. [PMID: 32401304 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Y-branched or side-by-side-branched carbon microtubes with metal filler material were fabricated, and material transport in the branched microtubes with Joule heating was investigated using in situ scanning electron microscopy with micro-electrode probes. When a voltage and electric current were applied, the material enclosed in the microtubes moved from its original position. The movement was not related to the direction of the electric current; therefore, it is concluded that the movement was not due to electromigration, but rather a temperature gradient, volume expansion and increased vapor pressure by Joule heating. In Y-branched microtubes, a part of the metal filler material moved from one branch to another branch, which would be useful for microfluidic flow switching. A cylindrical filler material was also observed to be expelled from a branch while its shape was maintained, and this phenomenon is presumably caused by vaporization-induced high pressure and could find application in micro-mechanical manipulators such as punching needles. In side-by-side-branched carbon microtubes, Joule heating caused thermal volume expansion to fill the spaces in the branches that were initially empty. The microtubes then reverted to a state almost identical to the initial state with empty spaces when the electric current was turned off. These results suggest that thermal volume expansion could be employed for flow switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okada
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Daiya Sasaki
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Hideo Kohno
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.,Center for Nanotechnology, Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
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Hasegawa T, Kohno H. Splitting and joining in carbon nanotube/nanoribbon/nanotetrahedron growth. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:3009-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05139d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Splitting and joining during CNT growth by the origami mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideo Kohno
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kochi University of Technology
- Kami
- Japan
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Controlled Synthesis of Carbon-Encapsulated Copper Nanostructures by Using Smectite Clays as Nanotemplates. Chemistry 2012; 18:9305-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cheng J, Zou X, Zhang H, Li F, Ren P, Zhu G, Su Y, Wang M. Growth of Y-shaped Carbon Nanofibers from Ethanol Flames. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2008; 3:295. [PMCID: PMC3244870 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-008-9152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Y-shaped carbon nanofibers as a multi-branched carbon nanostructure have potential applications in electronic devices. In this article, we report that several types of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers are obtained from ethanol flames. These Y-shaped carbon nanofibers have different morphologies. According to our experimental results, the growth mechanism of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers has been discussed and a possible growth model of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hongdan Zhang
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fei Li
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yi Su
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Maofa Wang
- Research Center for Sensor Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Jianxiangqiao Campus, Beijing, 100101, China
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