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Mezquida ET, Olano JM. Spatial and Temporal Variation in the Antagonistic and Mutualistic Interactions among Seed Predator Arthropods, Seed-Dispersing Birds, and the Spanish Juniper. INSECTS 2024; 15:620. [PMID: 39194824 DOI: 10.3390/insects15080620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Plants interact with both antagonistic and mutualistic animals during reproduction, with the outcomes of these interactions significantly influencing plant reproductive success, population dynamics, and the evolution of plant traits. Here, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the interactions between Juniperus thurifera, its seed-dispersing birds, and three specific arthropod species that attack the fleshy cones during the predispersal period. We assessed how plant traits affect levels of cone damage by arthropods and seed dispersal by birds, the occurrence of competition among arthropod species, and the impact of seed predators on the activity of frugivores. Plant traits, cone damage by arthropods, and seed dispersal by birds showed spatiotemporal variability. Fluctuation in cone abundance was the leading factor determining damage by arthropods and bird dispersal with a secondary role of cone traits. Large crops satiated predispersal seed predators, although the amount of frugivory did not increase significantly, suggesting a potential satiation of bird dispersers. Crop size and cone traits at individual trees determined preferences by seed predator species and the foraging activity of bird dispersers. Competition among arthropods increased during years of low cone production, and seed predators sometimes negatively affected bird frugivory. High supra-annual variations in cone production appear to be a key evolutionary mechanism enhancing J. thurifera reproductive success. This strategy reduces the impact of specialized seed predators during years of high seed production, despite the potential drawback of satiating seed dispersers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Mezquida
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center (CIBC-UAM), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Olano
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Gestión Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR), Escuela de Ingeniería de la Industria Forestal, Agronómica y de la Bioenergía (EiFAB), Universidad de Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
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2
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Burgos T, Salesa J, Fedriani JM, Escribano-Ávila G, Jiménez J, Krofel M, Cancio I, Hernández-Hernández J, Rodríguez-Siles J, Virgós E. Top-down and bottom-up effects modulate species co-existence in a context of top predator restoration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4170. [PMID: 36914804 PMCID: PMC10011582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesopredators abundance is often limited by top-order predators and also by key food resources. However, the contribution of these bidirectional forces to structure carnivore community is still unclear. Here, we studied how the presence and absence of an apex predator which is currently recovering its former distribution range, the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), determined the absolute abundance and fine-scale spatiotemporal avoidance mechanisms of two sympatric mesocarnivores (stone marten Martes foina and common genet Genetta genetta) with different dietary plasticity. We hypothesized that the lynx causes a mesopredator suppression and subordinate predators develop segregation strategies in respect to their trophic niche breadth. We placed 120 camera-traps in Southern Spain for 8 months in two consecutive years to estimate mesocarnivore abundances by using SCR Bayesian models, prey availability and assess spatio-temporal patterns. We found that the lynx reduced mesocarnivore abundance up to 10 times. Stone marten, a mesopredator with a broad food resources spectrum, showed a total spatial exclusion with the apex predator. Meanwhile, fine-scale avoidance mechanisms allowed the genet to persist in low density inside lynx territories, probably taking advantage of high availability of its preferred prey. Thus, the strength of these top-down and bottom-up effects was rather species-specific. Given the recent recovery of large carnivore populations worldwide, variation in suppression levels on different mesopredator species could modify ecosystem functions provided by the carnivore community in contrasting ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Burgos
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Salesa
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Fedriani
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación CIDE, CSIC-UVEG-GV, Carretera de Moncada a Náquera, km 4,5., 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD - CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Gema Escribano-Ávila
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution Department. Biological Science Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Ciudad Universitaria, C/ José Antonio Novais 12, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Miha Krofel
- Department for Forestry, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Inmaculada Cancio
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Asociación de Estudio y Conservación de Fauna Harmusch, C/San Antón 15, 1°, 13580, Almodóvar del Campo, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Hernández
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Siles
- Asociación de Estudio y Conservación de Fauna Harmusch, C/San Antón 15, 1°, 13580, Almodóvar del Campo, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Emilio Virgós
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Draper JP, Young JK, Schupp EW, Beckman NG, Atwood TB. Frugivory and Seed Dispersal by Carnivorans. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.864864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed dispersal is critical to the ecological performance of sexually reproducing plant species and the communities that they form. The Mammalian order Carnivora provide valuable and effective seed dispersal services but tend to be overlooked in much of the seed dispersal literature. Here we review the literature on the role of Carnivorans in seed dispersal, with a literature search in the Scopus reference database. Overall, we found that Carnivorans are prolific seed dispersers. Carnivorans’ diverse and plastic diets allow them to consume large volumes of over a hundred families of fruit and disperse large quantities of seeds across landscapes. Gut passage by these taxa generally has a neutral effect on seed viability. While the overall effect of Carnivorans on seed dispersal quality is complex, Carnivorans likely increase long-distance dispersal services that may aid the ability of some plant species to persist in the face of climate change.
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Burgos T, Fedriani JM, Escribano-Ávila G, Seoane J, Hernández-Hernández J, Virgós E. Predation risk can modify the foraging behaviour of frugivorous carnivores: Implications of rewilding apex predators for plant-animal mutualisms. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1024-1035. [PMID: 35322415 PMCID: PMC9311824 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Apex predators play key roles in food webs and their recovery can trigger trophic cascades in some ecosystems. Intra‐guild competition can reduce the abundances of smaller predators and perceived predation risk can alter their foraging behaviour thereby limiting seed dispersal by frugivorous carnivores. However, little is known about how plant–frugivore mutualisms could be disturbed in the presence of larger predators. We evaluated the top‐down effect of the regional superpredator, the Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus, on the number of visits and fruits consumed by medium‐sized frugivorous carnivores, as well as the foraging behaviour of identified individuals, by examining the consumption likelihood and the foraging time. We carried out a field experiment in which we placed Iberian pear Pyrus bourgaeana fruits beneath fruiting trees and monitored pear removal by frugivorous carnivores, both inside and outside lynx ranges. Using camera traps, we recorded the presence of the red fox Vulpes vulpes, the Eurasian badger Meles meles and the stone marten Martes foina, as well as the number of fruits they consumed and their time spent foraging. Red fox was the most frequent fruit consumer carnivore. We found there were fewer visits and less fruit consumed by foxes inside lynx ranges, but lynx presence did not seem to affect badgers. We did not observe any stone marten visits inside lynx territories. The foraging behaviour of red foxes was also altered inside lynx ranges whereby foxes were less efficient, consuming less fruit per unit of time and having shorter visits. Local availability of fruit resources, forest coverage and individual personality also were important variables to understand visitation and foraging in a landscape of fear. Our results show a potential trophic cascade from apex predators to primary producers. The presence of lynx can reduce frugivorous carnivore numbers and induce shifts in their feeding behaviour that may modify the seed dispersal patterns with likely consequences for the demography of many fleshy‐fruited plant species. We conclude that knowledge of the ecological interactions making up trophic webs is an asset to design effective conservation strategies, particularly in rewilding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Burgos
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Department of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Fedriani
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación CIDE, CSIC-UVEG-GV, Carretera de Moncada a Náquera, Moncada, Spain.,Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD - CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Gema Escribano-Ávila
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Department of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Seoane
- Terrestrial Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Hernández
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Department of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.,Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Virgós
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Department of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Rubalcava‐Castillo FA, Sosa‐Ramírez J, Luna‐Ruíz JJ, Valdivia‐Flores AG, Díaz‐Núñez V, Íñiguez‐Dávalos LI. Endozoochorous dispersal of forest seeds by carnivorous mammals in Sierra Fría, Aguascalientes, Mexico. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2991-3003. [PMID: 32211171 PMCID: PMC7083659 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Some carnivorous mammals ingest fruit and disperse seeds of forest plant species capable of colonizing disturbed areas in ecosystems. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the dissemination of Arctostaphylos pungens and Juniperus deppeana seeds by the gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), coyote (Canis latrans), and other carnivores in the Protected Natural Area Sierra Fría, in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Scat collection was undertaken via transects using the direct search method, while the seasonal phenology of A. pungens and J. deppeana was evaluated by recording flower and fruit abundance on both the plant and the surrounding forest floor ground. Seed viability was assessed by optical densitometry via X-ray and a germination test. It was found that the gray fox, coyote, ringtail (Bassariscus astutus), and bobcat (Lynx rufus) disseminated seeds of A. pungens (212 ± 48.9 seeds/scat) and J. deppeana (23.6 ± 4.9 seeds/scat), since a large proportion of the collected scat of these species contained seeds (28/30 = 93.33%, 12/43 = 27.9%, 6/12 = 50% and 7/25 = 28% respectively). The gray fox, coyote, ringtail, and bobcat presented an average of seed dispersion of both plant species of 185.4 ± 228.7, 4.0 ± 20.0, 12.1 ± 30.4, and 0.8 ± 1.5 per scat; the seed proportions in the gray fox, coyote, ringtail, and bobcat were 89.6/10.4%, 82.3/17.7%, 90.4/9.6%, and 38.1/61.9% for A. pungens and J. deppeana, respectively. The phenology indicated a finding related to the greater abundance of ripe fruit in autumn and winter (p < .01). This coincided with the greater abundance of seeds found in scats during these seasons. Endozoochory and diploendozoochory enhanced the viability and germination of the seeds (p > .05), except in those of A. pungens dispersed by coyote. These results suggest that carnivores, particularly the gray fox, the coyote, and the bobcat, play an important role in forest seed dissemination, and thus forest regeneration, by making both a quantitative and qualitative contribution to the dispersal of the two pioneer species under study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joaquín Sosa‐Ramírez
- Centro de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientesMéxico
| | - José J. Luna‐Ruíz
- Centro de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientesMéxico
| | | | - Vicente Díaz‐Núñez
- Centro de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientesMéxico
| | - Luis I. Íñiguez‐Dávalos
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos NaturalesCentro Universitario de la Costa SurUniversidad de GuadalajaraAutlán de NavarroJaliscoMéxico
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6
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Tsunamoto Y, Naoe S, Masaki T, Isagi Y. Different contributions of birds and mammals to seed dispersal of a fleshy-fruited tree. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Traveset A, Escribano‐Avila G, Gómez JM, Valido A. Conflicting selection on
Cneorum tricoccon
(Rutaceae) seed size caused by native and alien seed dispersers. Evolution 2019; 73:2204-2215. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Traveset
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB) 07190 Esporles Mallorca Balearic Islands Spain
| | - Gema Escribano‐Avila
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB) 07190 Esporles Mallorca Balearic Islands Spain
| | - José María Gómez
- Departamento Ecología Funcional y EvolutivaEstación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA‐CSIC) 04120 Almería Spain
| | - Alfredo Valido
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA‐CSIC) 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Islas Canarias Spain
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8
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Sobral M, Guitián J, Guitián P, Violle C, Larrinaga AR. Exploring sub-individual variability: role of ontogeny, abiotic environment and seed-dispersing birds. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21:688-694. [PMID: 30537398 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Within-individual trait variation - otherwise known as sub-individual variation - is an important component of phenotypic variation, with both a genetic and epigenetic basis. We explore its adaptive value and the effects of ontogeny and the environment on sub-individual variability. We conducted a field study to analyse the effects of tree age, soil pH, soil water content and soil nutrients on sub-individual variability in fruit size of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) in three sites in northwest Spain. Additionally, we examined how bird-mediated selection influences average and sub-individual variation in fruit size. Results show that average and sub-individual variations in fruit size were related to fitness affecting seed dispersal. Older trees produced larger fruits, but tree age did not affect sub-individual variation in fruit size. Abiotic environmental factors differently affected sub-individual variation and average fruit size. Seed-dispersing birds exerted correlated selection on average and variation in fruit size, favouring trees with larger and less variable fruit size at one site. Our work suggests that the fruit size variation within individual trees, the sub-individual variation, is modified by abiotic environmental factors and, additionally, is an adaptive trait that responds to natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sobral
- Departamento de Zooloxía Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Santiago de Compostela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Guitián
- Departamento de Bioloxía Celular e Ecoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Guitián
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Violle
- CEFE Montpellier, Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ. Montpellier, EPHE, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - A R Larrinaga
- Forest Genetics and Ecology Group, Biologic Mission of Galicia-Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC-Spanish National Research Council), Carballeira, 8, Salcedo, Pontevedra
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9
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DeSoto L, Torices R, Rodríguez-Echeverría S, Nabais C. Variation in seed packaging of a fleshy-fruited conifer provides insights into the ecology and evolution of multi-seeded fruits. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2017; 19:533-541. [PMID: 28303636 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of intraspecific seed packaging (i.e. seed size/number strategy) variation across different populations may allow better understanding of the ecological forces that drive seed evolution in plants. Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae) provides a good model to study this due to the existence of two subspecies differentiated by phenotypic traits, such as seed size and cone seediness (number of seeds inside a cone), across its range. The aim of this study was to analyse seed packaging (seed mass and cone seediness) variation at different scales (subspecies, populations and individuals) and the relationship between cone and seed traits in European and African J. thurifera populations. After opening more than 5300 cones and measuring 3600 seeds, we found that seed packaging traits followed different patterns of variation. Large-scale effects (region and population) significantly contributed to cone seediness variance, while most of the seed mass variance occurred within individuals. Seed packaging differed between the two sides of the Mediterranean Sea, with African cones bearing fewer but larger seeds than the European ones. However, no differences in seed mass were found between populations when taking into account cone seediness. Larger cones contained more pulp and seeds and displayed a larger variation in individual seed mass. We validated previous reports on the intraspecific differences in J. thurifera seed packaging, although both subspecies followed the same seed size/number trade-off. The higher seediness and variation in seed mass found in larger cones reveals that the positive relationship between seed and cone sizes may not be straightforward.We hypothesise that the large variation of seed size found within cones and individuals in J. thurifera, but also in other fleshy-fruited species, could represent a bet-hedging strategy for dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- L DeSoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R Torices
- Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Almería, Spain
| | | | - C Nabais
- Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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10
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Muñoz MC, Schaefer HM, Böhning-Gaese K, Schleuning M. Importance of animal and plant traits for fruit removal and seedling recruitment in a tropical forest. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C. Muñoz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 DE-60325 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Goethe Universität; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - H. Martin Schaefer
- Dept of Evolutionary Biology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology; Uni. of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | - Katrin Böhning-Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 DE-60325 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Goethe Universität; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 DE-60325 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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11
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Mise Y, Yamazaki K, Soga M, Koike S. Comparing methods of acquiring mammalian endozoochorous seed dispersal distance distributions. Ecol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-016-1397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Palacio F, Valoy M, Bernacki F, Sánchez M, Núñez-Montellano M, Varela O, Ordano M. Bird fruit consumption results from the interaction between fruit-handling behaviour and fruit crop size. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2015.1080195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F.X. Palacio
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT Tucumán, Crisóstomo Álvarez 722, T4000CHP, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M. Valoy
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - F. Bernacki
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 201, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M.S. Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 201, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Bertoni 85, N3370BFA, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - M.G. Núñez-Montellano
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 201, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), 9 de Julio 14, A4405BBB, Rosario de Lerma, Salta, Argentina
| | - O. Varela
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto de Ambientes de Montañas y Regiones Áridas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, 9 de Julio 22, F5360CKB, Chilecito, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - M. Ordano
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, T4000JFE, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT Tucumán, Crisóstomo Álvarez 722, T4000CHP, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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13
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Escribano-Avila G, Calviño-Cancela M, Pías B, Virgós E, Valladares F, Escudero A. Diverse guilds provide complementary dispersal services in a woodland expansion process after land abandonment. J Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Escribano-Avila
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; C/Tulipán s/n 28933 Móstoles Madrid Spain
| | - María Calviño-Cancela
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentales; Facultad de Biología; Universidade de Vigo; Campus Lagoas Marcosende Vigo Spain
| | - Beatriz Pías
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal I; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; C/José Antonio Novais 2 Madrid Spain
| | - Emilio Virgós
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; C/Tulipán s/n 28933 Móstoles Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Valladares
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; C/Tulipán s/n 28933 Móstoles Madrid Spain
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSIC; C/Serrano 115 dpdo Madrid Spain
| | - Adrián Escudero
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; C/Tulipán s/n 28933 Móstoles Madrid Spain
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