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Gaglio M, Lanzoni M, Muresan AN, Schirpke U, Castaldelli G. Quantifying intangible values of wetlands as instrument for conservation in the Po delta park (Italy). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121227. [PMID: 38788409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Wetlands possess intangible values that are usually overlooked in decision-making processes. Based on questionnaire surveys, this work aims to quantify both the non-use and cultural values provided by the different wetlands of the Po Delta Park (Northern Italy), selected as ideal case study, using willingness to pay (WTP) for wetland conservation and travel cost methods, respectively. Their relationships with socio-economic variables and respondents' preferences for current and future use were also analysed. The 61.39% of participants were willing to pay a mean amount of 95.8 € (±40). The average travel cost was 38.68 € (±6.24), with higher values observed for environmental experts than for other citizens. Wetlands differ significantly in travel costs, current and future use, but not in WTP. Poisson regressions showed that non-use and cultural values were significantly dependent on personal information, preference variables and travel distance. Intangible dimensions, such as bequest and existence values, showed higher valuations/rates than option and direct use values. The results highlight that perceptions of the intrinsic value of nature are influenced by demographic characteristics, distance from the area and desired future uses. Non-use values seem abstract and generalised to the whole area, regardless of the ecological characteristics of the wetland, even though a significant relation to wetland uses was observed. In contrast, cultural values are tied to specific wetlands, as indication of the importance of historical relationships between people and nature. Such findings underline that the different dimensions of intrinsic value of nature may act at different scales and help decision-makers to incorporate such values into environmental accounting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Gaglio
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L.Borsari 42, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mattia Lanzoni
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L.Borsari 42, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alexandra Nicoleta Muresan
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-URT Lecce), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Campus Ecotekne, S.P. via Monteroni km 1.2, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Uta Schirpke
- Department of Geography, LMU Munich, Luisenstraße 37, 80333, Munich, Germany; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Viale Druso 1, 39100, Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L.Borsari 42, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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2
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Guo Y, Boughton EH, Bohlman S, Bernacchi C, Bohlen PJ, Boughton R, DeLucia E, Fauth JE, Gomez-Casanovas N, Jenkins DG, Lollis G, Miller RS, Quintana-Ascencio PF, Sonnier G, Sparks J, Swain HM, Qiu J. Grassland intensification effects cascade to alter multifunctionality of wetlands within metaecosystems. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8267. [PMID: 38092756 PMCID: PMC10719369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural intensification could improve ecosystem service multifunctionality, yet empirical evidence remains tenuous, especially regarding consequences for spatially coupled ecosystems connected by flows across ecosystem boundaries (i.e., metaecosystems). Here we aim to understand the effects of land-use intensification on multiple ecosystem services of spatially connected grasslands and wetlands, where management practices were applied to grasslands but not directly imposed to wetlands. We synthesize long-term datasets encompassing 53 physical, chemical, and biological indicators, comprising >11,000 field measurements. Our results reveal that intensification promotes high-quality forage and livestock production in both grasslands and wetlands, but at the expense of water quality regulation, methane mitigation, non-native species invasion resistance, and biodiversity. Land-use intensification weakens relationships among ecosystem services. The effects on grasslands cascade to alter multifunctionality of embedded natural wetlands within the metaecosystems to a similar extent. These results highlight the importance of considering spatial flows of resources and organisms when studying land-use intensification effects on metaecosystems as well as when designing grassland and wetland management practices to improve landscape multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Boughton
- Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, 300 Buck Island Ranch Road, Lake Placid, FL, USA.
| | - Stephanie Bohlman
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carl Bernacchi
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Bohlen
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Raoul Boughton
- Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, 300 Buck Island Ranch Road, Lake Placid, FL, USA
| | - Evan DeLucia
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John E Fauth
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Nuria Gomez-Casanovas
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Texas A&M University, Vernon, TX, USA
- Rangeland, Wildlife & Fisheries Management Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - David G Jenkins
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Gene Lollis
- Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, 300 Buck Island Ranch Road, Lake Placid, FL, USA
| | - Ryan S Miller
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Grégory Sonnier
- Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, 300 Buck Island Ranch Road, Lake Placid, FL, USA
| | - Jed Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hilary M Swain
- Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, 300 Buck Island Ranch Road, Lake Placid, FL, USA
| | - Jiangxiao Qiu
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL, USA.
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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3
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Waldén E, Queiroz C, Plue J, Lindborg R. Biodiversity mitigates trade-offs among species functional traits underpinning multiple ecosystem services. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:929-941. [PMID: 37024278 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity loss and its effects on humanity is of major global concern. While a growing body of literature confirms positive relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecological functions, the links between biodiversity, ecological functions and multiple ecosystem services is yet unclear. Studies of biodiversity-functionality relationships are mainly based on computer simulations or controlled field experiments using only few species. Here, we use a trait-based approach to integrate plant functions into an ecosystem service assessment to address impacts of restoration on species-rich grasslands over time. We found trade-offs among functions and services when analysing contributions from individual species. At the community level, these trade-offs disappeared for almost all services with time since restoration as an effect of increased species diversity and more evenly distributed species. Restoration to enhance biodiversity also in species-rich communities is therefore essential to secure higher functional redundancy towards disturbances and sustainable provision of multiple ecosystem services over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Waldén
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cibele Queiroz
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Resilience Partnership, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Plue
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- IVL Swedish Environmental Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regina Lindborg
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Van de Pol L, Van der Biest K, Taelman SE, De Luca Peña L, Everaert G, Hernandez S, Culhane F, Borja A, Heymans JJ, Van Hoey G, Vanaverbeke J, Meire P. Impacts of human activities on the supply of marine ecosystem services: A conceptual model for offshore wind farms to aid quantitative assessments. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13589. [PMID: 36851958 PMCID: PMC9958457 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased pressures from human activities may cause cumulative ecological effects on marine ecosystems. Increasingly, the study of ecosystem services is applied in the marine environment to assess the full effects of human activities on the ecosystem and on the benefits it provides. However, in the marine environment, such integrated studies have yet to move from qualitative and score-based to fully quantitative assessments. To bridge this gap, this study proposed a 4-tiered method for summarizing available knowledge and modelling tools to aid in quantitative assessments of ecosystem services supply. First, the ecosystem functioning mechanisms underlying the supply of services are conceptually mapped. Second, the impacts of the human activity of interest are summarized and linked to the first conceptual model in a case-specific model of ecosystem services supply. Third, indicators are selected that would best represent changes in the most important parameters of the conceptual model in a quantitative manner. Fourth, the knowledge gained in the previous steps is used to select models that are most useful to quantify changes in ecosystem services supply under the human pressure of interest. This approach was applied to the case study of offshore wind energy in the Belgian part of the North Sea, which is one of the most rapidly expanding industries in the marine environment globally. This study provides a useful tool to proceed towards quantification of marine ecosystem services, highlighting the need for a fully integrated approach to developing environmental impact assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennert Van de Pol
- ECOSPHERE Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Katrien Van der Biest
- ECOSPHERE Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sue Ellen Taelman
- Ghent University, Green Chemistry and Technology, STEN Research Group, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura De Luca Peña
- Ghent University, Green Chemistry and Technology, STEN Research Group, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert Everaert
- Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Simon Hernandez
- Ghent University, GhEnToxLab, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fiona Culhane
- School of Biological and Marine Science, University of Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Angel Borja
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, 20110 Pasaia, Spain
| | - Johanna J Heymans
- European Marine Board, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium.,Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Gert Van Hoey
- Flanders Research Institute of Agriculture, Fishery and Food, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Jan Vanaverbeke
- Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Science, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Meire
- ECOSPHERE Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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5
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Global assessment of nature's contributions to people. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:424-435. [PMID: 36732118 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Synergistically maintain or enhance the numerous beneficial contributions of nature to the quality of human life is an important but challenging question for achieving Sustainable Development Goals. However, the spatiotemporal distributions of global nature's contributions to people (NCPs) and their interactions remain unclear. We built a rapid assessment indicator framework and produced the first spatially explicit assessment of all 18 NCPs at a global scale. The 18 global NCPs in 1992 and 2018 were globally assessed in 15,204 subbasins based on two spatial indicator dimensions, including nature's potential contribution and the actual contribution to people. The results show that most of the high NCP values are highly localized. From 1992 to 2018, 6 regulating NCPs, 3 material NCPs, and 2 nonmaterial NCPs declined; 29 regulating-material NCP combinations (54 in total) dominated 76% of the terrestrial area, and the area with few NCPs accounted for 22%; and synergistic relationships were more common than tradeoff relationships, while the relationships among regulating and material NCPs generally traded-off with each other. Transitional climate areas contained few NCPs and have strong tradeoff relationships. However, the high synergistic relationship among NCPs in low latitudes could be threatened by future climate change. These findings provide a general spatiotemporal understanding of global NCP distributions and can be used to interpret the biogeographic information in a functional way to support regional coordination and achieve landscape multifunctionality for the enhancement of human well-being.
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6
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Roberts CP, Naugle DE, Allred BW, Donovan VM, Fogarty DT, Jones MO, Maestas JD, Olsen AC, Twidwell D. Next-generation technologies unlock new possibilities to track rangeland productivity and quantify multi-scale conservation outcomes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116359. [PMID: 36206652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Historically, relying on plot-level inventories impeded our ability to quantify large-scale change in plant biomass, a key indicator of conservation practice outcomes in rangeland systems. Recent technological advances enable assessment at scales appropriate to inform management by providing spatially comprehensive estimates of productivity that are partitioned by plant functional group across all contiguous US rangelands. We partnered with the Sage Grouse and Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiatives and the Nebraska Natural Legacy Project to demonstrate the ability of these new datasets to quantify multi-scale changes and heterogeneity in plant biomass following mechanical tree removal, prescribed fire, and prescribed grazing. In Oregon's sagebrush steppe, for example, juniper tree removal resulted in a 21% increase in one pasture's productivity and an 18% decline in another. In Nebraska's Loess Canyons, perennial grass productivity initially declined 80% at sites invaded by trees that were prescriptively burned, but then fully recovered post-fire, representing a 492% increase from nadir. In Kansas' Shortgrass Prairie, plant biomass increased 4-fold (966,809 kg/ha) in pastures that were prescriptively grazed, with gains highly dependent upon precipitation as evidenced by sensitivity of remotely sensed estimates (SD ± 951,308 kg/ha). Our results emphasize that next-generation remote sensing datasets empower land managers to move beyond simplistic control versus treatment study designs to explore nuances in plant biomass in unprecedented ways. The products of new remote sensing technologies also accelerate adaptive management and help communicate wildlife and livestock forage benefits from management to diverse stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb P Roberts
- U.S. Geological Survey, Arkansas Fish and Wildlife Cooperative Research Unit, University of Arkansas, SCEN 522, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - David E Naugle
- WA Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, USA
| | - Brady W Allred
- WA Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, USA
| | | | - Dillon T Fogarty
- Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Matthew O Jones
- WA Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, USA
| | | | | | - Dirac Twidwell
- Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
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7
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Lin Z, Wu T, Xiao Y, Rao E, Shi X, Ouyang Z. Protecting biodiversity to support ecosystem services: An analysis of trade‐offs and synergies in southwestern China. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Enming Rao
- Faculty of Geography Resources Sciences Sichuan Normal University Chengdu China
| | - Xuewei Shi
- Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing China
| | - Zhiyun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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8
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Identifying potential zones for rainwater harvesting interventions for sustainable intensification in the semi-arid tropics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3882. [PMID: 35273226 PMCID: PMC8913848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Decentralized rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a promising approach to mitigate drought in the drylands. However, an insufficient understanding of its impact on hydrological processes has resulted in poor resource planning in this area. This study is a meta-analysis of 25 agricultural watersheds representing a range of rainfall and soil types in the semi-arid tropics. Rainfall-runoff-soil loss relationship was calculated at daily, monthly and yearly levels, and the impact of RWH interventions on surface runoff and soil loss was quantified. A linear relationship was observed between daily rainfall and surface runoff up to 120 mm of rainfall intensity, which subsequently saw an exponential increase. About 200–300 mm of cumulative rainfall is the threshold to initiate surface runoff in the Indian semi-arid tropics. Rainwater harvesting was effective in terms of enhancing groundwater availability (2.6–6.9 m), crop intensification (40–100%) and farmers’ incomes (50–200%) in different benchmark watersheds. An average of 40 mm of surface runoff was harvested annually and it reduced soil loss by 70% (3 ton/ha/year compared to 1 ton/ha/year in non-intervention stage. The study further quantified runoff at 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles, and found that more than 70% of the area in the Indian semi-arid tropics has high to medium potential for implementing RWH interventions.
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9
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Economic value of three grassland ecosystem services when managed at the regional and farm scale. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4194. [PMID: 35264720 PMCID: PMC8907267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Grasslands cover a major share of the world’s agricultural land and their management influences ecosystem services. Spatially targeted policy instruments can increase the provision of ecosystem services by exploiting how they respond to spatial differences in environmental characteristics such as altitude, slope, or soil quality. However, most policy instruments focus on individual farms, where spatial differences are small. Here we assess the economic value of three grassland ecosystem services (i.e., forage provision, carbon sequestration, and habitat maintenance) and its variability in a Swiss region of 791 km2 that consists of 19,000 farmland parcels when managed at the regional and farm scale, respectively. Our spatially explicit bio-economic simulation approach combines biophysical information on grassland ecosystem services and their economic values. We find that in our case study region, spatial targeting on a regional scale management increases the economic value of ecosystem services by 45% compared to targeting at farm scale. We also find that the heterogeneity of economic values coming from prices and willingness to pay estimates is higher than the economic gains from spatial targeting that make use of the spatial difference in environmental characteristics. This implies that heterogeneity in prices and/or societal demand of these three ecosystem services is more important for grassland management than spatial heterogeneity in our case study region. The here applied framework allows for an ex-ante assessment of economic gains from spatial targeting and thus provides basic information for the implementation of incentive mechanisms addressing the nexus of food production and ecosystem service provision in grasslands.
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10
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de Faccio Carvalho PC, de Albuquerque Nunes PA, Pontes-Prates A, Szymczak LS, de Souza Filho W, Moojen FG, Lemaire G. Reconnecting Grazing Livestock to Crop Landscapes: Reversing Specialization Trends to Restore Landscape Multifunctionality. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.750765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Closely integrated crop and livestock production systems used to be the rule in agriculture before the industrial revolution. However, agricultural landscapes have undergone a massive intensification process in recent decades. This trajectory has led to uniform landscapes of specialized cropping systems or consolidated zones of intensive livestock production. Loss of diversity is at the core of increasing side effects on the environment from agriculture. The unintended consequences of specialization demand the reconciliation of food production with environmental quality. We argue that the reconnection of grazing livestock to specialized crop landscapes can restore decoupled biogeochemical cycles and reintroduce the necessary complexity to restore ecosystem functioning. Besides, the reconnection of crops and livestock promotes several ecosystem services underlying multifunctionality. We focus on the capacity of integrated crop-livestock systems to create biophysical and socioeconomic resilience that cope with weather and market oscillations. We present examples of redesigned landscapes that leverage grazing animals to optimize food production per unit of land while mitigating the externalities of specialized agriculture. We also debate mindset barriers to the shift of current specialization trends toward the design of multifunctional landscapes.
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11
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Laca EA. Multi-Scape Interventions to Match Spatial Scales of Demand and Supply of Ecosystem Services. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.607276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The original focus on supply of ecosystem services is shifting toward matching supply and demand. This new focus underlines the need to consider not only the amount of ecosystem services but also their spatial and temporal distributions relative to demand. Ecosystem functions and services have characteristic or salient scales that are defined by the scales at which the producing organisms or communities exist and function. Provision of ecosystem services (ES) and functions can be managed optimally by controlling the spatio-temporal distribution of landscape and community components. A simple model represents distributions of ES as kernels centered at the location of interventions such as grassland restoration or establishment of nesting habitat for pollinators. Distribution kernels allow non-habitat patches to receive ecosystem services from species they cannot support. Simulations for three contrasting ES producing organisms (bumblebees, Northern Harriers, and oak trees) show the effects of interacting distribution of interventions and demand for ES. More ES demand is met when the intervention is spread out in the landscape and demand is evenly distributed, particularly when the kernel radius is much larger than the minimum intervention required for the ES producing unit to be established. Because different functions have different reaches and saturation points, the level of ES demand met at any point in space can be modulated by controlling the spatial distribution of landscape components created by interventions. Different ES can be promoted by the same type and quantity of intervention by controlling the continuum of scales in the distribution of interventions. This work provides a conceptual and quantitative basis to consider the spatial design of interventions to match ES supply and demand.
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12
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Firkowski CR, Schwantes AM, Fortin MJ, Gonzalez A. Monitoring social–ecological networks for biodiversity and ecosystem services in human-dominated landscapes. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2020-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand the human population is placing on the environment has triggered accelerated rates of biodiversity change and created trade-offs among the ecosystem services we depend upon. Decisions designed to reverse these trends require the best possible information obtained by monitoring ecological and social dimensions of change. Here, we conceptualize a network framework to monitor change in social–ecological systems. We contextualize our framework within Ostrom’s social–ecological system framework and use it to discuss the challenges of monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem services across spatial and temporal scales. We propose that spatially explicit multilayer and multiscale monitoring can help estimate the range of variability seen in social–ecological systems with varying levels of human modification across the landscape. We illustrate our framework using a conceptual case study on the ecosystem service of maple syrup production. We argue for the use of analytical tools capable of integrating qualitative and quantitative knowledge of social–ecological systems to provide a causal understanding of change across a network. Altogether, our conceptual framework provides a foundation for establishing monitoring systems. Operationalizing our framework will allow for the detection of ecosystem service change and assessment of its drivers across several scales, informing the long-term sustainability of biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Rauen Firkowski
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Amanda M. Schwantes
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fortin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
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13
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Haan NL, Iuliano BG, Gratton C, Landis DA. Designing agricultural landscapes for arthropod-based ecosystem services in North America. ADV ECOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Paul C, Hanley N, Meyer ST, Fürst C, Weisser WW, Knoke T. On the functional relationship between biodiversity and economic value. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax7712. [PMID: 32064338 PMCID: PMC6989135 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax7712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity's contribution to human welfare has become a key argument for maintaining and enhancing biodiversity in managed ecosystems. The functional relationship between biodiversity (b) and economic value (V) is, however, insufficiently understood, despite the premise of a positive-concave bV relationship that dominates scientific and political arenas. Here, we review how individual links between biodiversity, ecosystem functions (F), and services affect resulting bV relationships. Our findings show that bV relationships are more variable, also taking negative-concave/convex or strictly concave and convex forms. This functional form is driven not only by the underlying bF relationship but also by the number and type of ecosystem services and their potential trade-offs considered, the effects of inputs, and the type of utility function used to represent human preferences. Explicitly accounting for these aspects will enhance the substance and coverage of future valuation studies and allow more nuanced conclusions, particularly for managed ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Paul
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nick Hanley
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Sebastian T. Meyer
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Christine Fürst
- Institute for Geosciences and Geography, Department of Sustainable Landscape Development, Martin-Luther University Halle, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W. Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Knoke
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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15
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Navon S, Kigel J, Dudai N, Knaanie A, Glasser TA, Shachter A, Ungar ED. Volatiles and Tannins in Pistacia lentiscus and Their Role in Browsing Behavior of Goats (Capra hircus). J Chem Ecol 2019; 46:99-113. [PMID: 31845136 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Goat herding is an important tool in the ecologically sound management of Mediterranean shrublands and woodlands, although effective levels of woody biomass removal by the goats is neither guaranteed nor easy to predict. Preliminary observations indicated that one reason for this may be poor understanding of plant-herbivore interactions that operate intraspecifically at the local spatial scale. We asked, whether goats show intraspecific preferences among neighboring plants when foraging a small local population of Pistacia lentiscus, a dominant tall shrub. First, we characterized and quantified the profile of stored and emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the PEG-binding capacity of tannins (a proxy for protein binding capacity) in the foliage of P. lentiscus shrubs, sampled within an area of 0.9 ha. We then tested goat preference between pairs of these shrubs that differed in chemical composition. Almost all sampled P. lentiscus shrubs were allocated to one of two distinct VOC chemotypes: one dominated by germacrene D and limonene (designated chemotype L) and the other by germacrene D and α-pinene (chemotype P). In contrast, continuous moderate variability was found in the binding capacity of tannins in the foliage. Goats showed preference for shrubs of chemotype L over those of chemotype P, and their preference was negatively correlated with the binding capacity of tannins. Possible influences of VOCs on goat preference that may explain the observed patterns are discussed in the light of possible context-dependent interpretation of plant VOC signals by large mammalian herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilo Navon
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel.
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Jaime Kigel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 3009500, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | | | | | - Alona Shachter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 3009500, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Eugene David Ungar
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
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16
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Guzman A, Chase M, Kremen C. On-Farm Diversification in an Agriculturally-Dominated Landscape Positively Influences Specialist Pollinators. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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17
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Carter SK, Fleishman E, Leinwand IIF, Flather CH, Carr NB, Fogarty FA, Leu M, Noon BR, Wohlfeil ME, Wood DJA. Quantifying Ecological Integrity of Terrestrial Systems to Inform Management of Multiple-Use Public Lands in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 64:1-19. [PMID: 30982122 PMCID: PMC6598959 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-019-01163-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept of ecological integrity has been applied widely to management of aquatic systems, but still is considered by many to be too vague and difficult to quantify to be useful for managing terrestrial systems, particularly across broad areas. Extensive public lands in the western United States are managed for diverse uses such as timber harvest, livestock grazing, energy development, and wildlife conservation, some of which may degrade ecological integrity. We propose a method for assessing ecological integrity on multiple-use lands that identifies the components of integrity and levels in the ecological hierarchy where the assessment will focus, and considers existing policies and management objectives. Both natural reference and societally desired environmental conditions are relevant comparison points. We applied the method to evaluate the ecological integrity of shrublands in Nevada, yielding an assessment based on six indicators of ecosystem structure, function, and composition, including resource- and stressor-based indicators measured at multiple scales. Results varied spatially and among indicators. Invasive plant cover and surface development were highest in shrublands in northwest and southeast Nevada. Departure from reference conditions of shrubland area, composition, patch size, and connectivity was highest in central and northern Nevada. Results may inform efforts to control invasive species and restore shrublands on federal lands in Nevada. We suggest that ecological integrity assessments for multiple-use lands be grounded in existing policies and monitoring programs, incorporate resource- and stressor-based metrics, rely on publicly available data collected at multiple spatial scales, and quantify both natural reference and societally desired resource conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Carter
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Ave. Building C, Fort Collins, CO, 80526-8118, USA.
| | - Erica Fleishman
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ian I F Leinwand
- Cherokee Nation Technologies, on contract to U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
- Conservation Science Partners, 5 Old Town Square, Suite 205, Fort Collins, CO, 80524, USA
| | - Curtis H Flather
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
| | - Natasha B Carr
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Ave. Building C, Fort Collins, CO, 80526-8118, USA
| | - Frank A Fogarty
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Matthias Leu
- Biology Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
| | - Barry R Noon
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Martha E Wohlfeil
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - David J A Wood
- Bureau of Land Management, National Operations Center, Denver, CO, 80255, USA
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Avenue, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
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18
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Karner K, Cord AF, Hagemann N, Hernandez-Mora N, Holzkämper A, Jeangros B, Lienhoop N, Nitsch H, Rivas D, Schmid E, Schulp CJE, Strauch M, van der Zanden EH, Volk M, Willaarts B, Zarrineh N, Schönhart M. Developing stakeholder-driven scenarios on land sharing and land sparing - Insights from five European case studies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:488-500. [PMID: 30979560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Empirical research on land sharing and land sparing has been criticized because preferences of local stakeholders, socio-economic aspects, a bundle of ecosystem services and the local context were only rarely integrated. Using storylines and scenarios is a common approach to include land use drivers and local contexts or to cope with the uncertainties of future developments. The objective of the presented research is to develop comparable participatory regional land use scenarios for the year 2030 reflecting land sharing, land sparing and more intermediate developments across five different European landscapes (Austria, Germany, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Spain). In order to ensure methodological consistency among the five case studies, a hierarchical multi-scale scenario approach was developed, which consisted of i) the selection of a common global storyline to frame a common sphere of uncertainty for all case studies, ii) the definition of three contrasting qualitative European storylines (representing developments for land sharing, land sparing and a balanced storyline), and iii) the development of three explorative case study-specific land use scenarios with regional stakeholders in workshops. Land use transition rules defined by stakeholders were used to generate three different spatially-explicit scenarios for each case study by means of high-resolution land use maps. All scenarios incorporated various aspects of land use and management to allow subsequent quantification of multiple ecosystem services and biodiversity indicators. The comparison of the final scenarios showed both common as well as diverging trends among the case studies. For instance, stakeholders identified further possibilities to intensify land management in all case studies in the land sparing scenario. In addition, in most case studies stakeholders agreed on the most preferred scenario, i.e. either land sharing or balanced, and the most likely one, i.e. balanced. However, they expressed some skepticism regarding the general plausibility of land sparing in a European context. It can be concluded that stakeholder perceptions and the local context can be integrated in land sharing and land sparing contexts subject to particular process design principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Karner
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anna F Cord
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nina Hagemann
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Economics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Annelie Holzkämper
- Agroscope, Climate and Agriculture Group, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Nele Lienhoop
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Economics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Nitsch
- Institute for Rural Development Research (IfLS), Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Kurfürstenstraße 49, 60486, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David Rivas
- Research Center for the Management of Environmental and Agricultural Risks (CEIGRAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain; IMDEA - Agua (Instituto Madrileño De Estudios Avanzados - Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erwin Schmid
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Catharina J E Schulp
- Environmental Geography Group, Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Strauch
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emma H van der Zanden
- Environmental Geography Group, Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Volk
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Willaarts
- Research Center for the Management of Environmental and Agricultural Risks (CEIGRAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Nina Zarrineh
- Agroscope, Climate and Agriculture Group, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schönhart
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Pathways to Modelling Ecosystem Services within an Urban Metabolism Framework. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Urbanisation poses new and complex sustainability challenges. Socio-economic activities drive material and energy flows in cities that influence the health of ecosystems inside and outside the urban system. Recent studies suggest that these flows, under the urban metabolism (UM) metaphor, can be extended to encompass the assessment of urban ecosystem services (UES). Advancing UM approaches to assess UES may be a valuable solution to these arising sustainability challenges, which can support urban planning decisions. This paper critically reviews UM literature related to the UES concept and identifies approaches that may allow or improve the assessment of UES within UM frameworks. We selected from the UM literature 42 studies that encompass UES aspects, and analysed them on the following key investigation themes: temporal information, spatial information, system boundary aspects and cross-scale indicators. The analysis showed that UES are rarely acknowledged in UM literature, and that existing UM approaches have limited capacity to capture the complexity of spatio-temporal and multi-scale information underpinning UES, which has hampered the implementation of operational decision support systems so far. We use these results to identify and illustrate pathways towards a UM-UES modelling approach. Our review suggests that cause–effect dynamics should be integrated with the UM framework, based on spatially-specific social, economic and ecological data. System dynamics can inform on the causal relationships underpinning UES in cities and, therefore, can help moving towards a knowledge base tool to support urban planners in addressing urban challenges.
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20
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Bengtsson J, Bullock JM, Egoh B, Everson C, Everson T, O'Connor T, O'Farrell PJ, Smith HG, Lindborg R. Grasslands-more important for ecosystem services than you might think. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Bengtsson
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU); Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS); Wallenberg research centre at Stellenbosch University; Marais Street Stellenbosch 7600 South Africa
| | - J. M. Bullock
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Benson Lane Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB UK
| | - B. Egoh
- Department of Earth System Science; University of California Irvine; Irvine California 92697 USA
- Natural Resources and the Environment; CSIR; P.O. Box 320 Stellenbosch 7599 South Africa
| | - C. Everson
- Centre for Water Resources Research; School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Private Bag X01 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - T. Everson
- School of Life Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Private Bag X01 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - T. O'Connor
- South African Environmental Observation Network; PO Box 2600 Pretoria 0001 South Africa
| | - P. J. O'Farrell
- Natural Resources and the Environment; CSIR; P.O. Box 320 Stellenbosch 7599 South Africa
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; University of Cape Town; Private Baf X3 Rondebosch 7701 Cape Town South Africa
| | - H. G. Smith
- Department of Biology; Lund University; SE-223 62 Lund Sweden
- Centre for Environmental and Climate research; Lund University; SE-223 62 Lund Sweden
| | - R. Lindborg
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS); Wallenberg research centre at Stellenbosch University; Marais Street Stellenbosch 7600 South Africa
- Department of Physical Geography; Stockholm University; SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
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21
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Transferring biodiversity-ecosystem function research to the management of ‘real-world’ ecosystems. ADV ECOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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22
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Waldén E, Lindborg R. Facing the future for grassland restoration - What about the farmers? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 227:305-312. [PMID: 30199726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In line with the 2010 Aichi Convention for Biological Diversity, the European Union has a goal to restore 15% of degraded ecosystems and their services by the year 2020 (target 2, Europe 2020). This includes restoration of semi-natural grasslands (SNGs). Management of both intact and restored SNGs is dependent on people's willingness to manage them. Due to low profitability, management abandonment still occurs all over Europe, which highlights the need to raise farmers' and landowners' perspectives. In this study, we combined survey data and in-depth interviews with farmers/landowners managing previously restored SNGs, to understand how they perceive the restoration process, the outcome and future management. Survey and interview data were analysed in relation to biodiversity and Agri-environmental payments data from the restored sites. Almost all respondents considered the restoration successful and the re-inventoried restored SNGs also showed an increase in plant diversity. Nevertheless, 10% of the restored SNGs were abandoned again post-restoration and 40% of the respondents were unsure if they would continue the management in the future. Abandoned management may cause a negative trend in terms of decreased biological, cultural and aesthetic values, in the local community, as well as for the society in general. Most respondents explained a strong dependency on Agri-environmental payments, both as a restoration incentive and for post-restoration management. Also non-financial support from authorities in form of feedback and advice was requested, as well as support from the local community and society as a whole. Future management in a longer time perspective was strongly coupled to the farm economy, i.e. received Agri-environmental payments at farm-level and profit from selling agricultural products, and whether the farmers had successors. We conclude that both social and ecological factors, here farm economy, authority support and proper management, must be in place for long-term success of grassland restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Waldén
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Regina Lindborg
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Wong CP, Jiang B, Kinzig AP, Ouyang Z. Quantifying multiple ecosystem services for adaptive management of green infrastructure. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christina P. Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China
- School of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA
| | - Bo Jiang
- Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Wuhan 430051 China
| | - Ann P. Kinzig
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA
| | - Zhiyun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China
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24
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Eigenbrode SD, Binns WP, Huggins DR. Confronting Climate Change Challenges to Dryland Cereal Production: A Call for Collaborative, Transdisciplinary Research, and Producer Engagement. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Analysis Framework of China’s Grain Production System: A Spatial Resilience Perspective. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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26
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Niquisse S, Cabral P, Rodrigues Â, Augusto G. Ecosystem services and biodiversity trends in Mozambique as a consequence of land cover change. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIODIVERSITY SCIENCE, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES & MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21513732.2017.1349836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Niquisse
- Department of GIS and Regional Planning, Universidade Católica de Moçambique, Beira, Sofala, Moçambique
| | - Pedro Cabral
- Nova IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ângela Rodrigues
- Nova IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Augusto
- Nova IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, Lisboa, Portugal
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