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McNichol BH, Russo SE. Plant Species' Capacity for Range Shifts at the Habitat and Geographic Scales: A Trade-Off-Based Framework. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1248. [PMID: 36986935 PMCID: PMC10056461 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is causing rapid shifts in the abiotic and biotic environmental conditions experienced by plant populations, but we lack generalizable frameworks for predicting the consequences for species. These changes may cause individuals to become poorly matched to their environments, potentially inducing shifts in the distributions of populations and altering species' habitat and geographic ranges. We present a trade-off-based framework for understanding and predicting whether plant species may undergo range shifts, based on ecological strategies defined by functional trait variation. We define a species' capacity for undergoing range shifts as the product of its colonization ability and the ability to express a phenotype well-suited to the environment across life stages (phenotype-environment matching), which are both strongly influenced by a species' ecological strategy and unavoidable trade-offs in function. While numerous strategies may be successful in an environment, severe phenotype-environment mismatches result in habitat filtering: propagules reach a site but cannot establish there. Operating within individuals and populations, these processes will affect species' habitat ranges at small scales, and aggregated across populations, will determine whether species track climatic changes and undergo geographic range shifts. This trade-off-based framework can provide a conceptual basis for species distribution models that are generalizable across plant species, aiding in the prediction of shifts in plant species' ranges in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey H. McNichol
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1101 T Street, 402 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA;
| | - Sabrina E. Russo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1101 T Street, 402 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA;
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1901 Vine Street, N300 Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA
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2
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Wang Y, Han Q, Kitajima K, Kurokawa H, Shimada T, Yamaryo T, Kabeya D, Kawasaki T, Satake A. Resource allocation strategies in the reproductive organs of Fagaceae species. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Qingmin Han
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroko Kurokawa
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takuya Shimada
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Kabeya
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Tatsuro Kawasaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Akiko Satake
- Department of Biology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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3
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Tellez PH, Arnold AE, Leo AB, Kitajima K, Van Bael SA. Traits along the leaf economics spectrum are associated with communities of foliar endophytic symbionts. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:927780. [PMID: 35966664 PMCID: PMC9366602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf traits of plants worldwide are classified according to the Leaf Economics Spectrum (LES), which links leaf functional traits to evolutionary life history strategies. As a continuum ranging from thicker, tough leaves that are low in nitrogen (N) to thinner, softer, leaves that are high in N, the LES brings together physical, chemical, and ecological traits. Fungal endophytes are common foliar symbionts that occur in healthy, living leaves, especially in tropical forests. Their community composition often differs among co-occurring host species in ways that cannot be explained by environmental conditions or host phylogenetic relationships. Here, we tested the over-arching hypothesis that LES traits act as habitat filters that shape communities of endophytes both in terms of composition, and in terms of selecting for endophytes with particular suites of functional traits. We used culture-based and culture-free surveys to characterize foliar endophytes in mature leaves of 30 phylogenetically diverse plant species with divergent LES traits in lowland Panama, and then measured functional traits of dominant endophyte taxa in vitro. Endophytes were less abundant and less diverse in thick, tough, leaves compared to thin, softer, leaves in the same forest, even in closely related plants. Endophyte communities differed according to leaf traits, including leaf punch strength and carbon and nitrogen content. The most common endophyte taxa in leaves at different ends of the LES differ in their cellulase, protease, chitinase, and antipathogen activity. Our results extend the LES framework for the first time to diverse and ecologically important endophytes, opening new hypotheses regarding the degree to which foliar symbionts respond to, and extend, the functional traits of leaves they inhabit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Tellez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - A Elizabeth Arnold
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ashton B Leo
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Division of Forest and Biomaterial Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sunshine A Van Bael
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
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4
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Dasanayaka BI, Jinadasa RN, Jayasuriya KMGG, Phartyal SS. Seed ecophysiology of Elephant Apple (
Dillenia indica
)—An important tree species of the Indomalayan realm. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Ruzi SA, Suarez AV. Seed fate in ant‐mediated dispersal: Seed dispersal effectiveness in the
Ectatomma ruidum
(Formicidae)—
Zanthoxylum ekmanii
(Rutaceae) system. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina A. Ruzi
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
| | - Andrew V. Suarez
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, and Department of Entomology University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
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6
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Increased Longevity and Dormancy of Soil-Buried Seeds from Advanced Crop–Wild Rice Hybrids Overexpressing the EPSPS Transgene. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060562. [PMID: 34203092 PMCID: PMC8234842 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Estimating the survival and reproductive ability caused by a transgene moved from a genetically engineered (GE) crop to its wild relative populations through gene flow plays an important role in assessing the potential environmental risks of the GE crop. Such estimation has essentially focused on the survival and reproduction-related characteristics above the ground, but with little attention to the GE seeds shattered in the soil seed banks. We demonstrated that the herbicide-resistant transgene overexpressing the rice endogenous EPSP enzyme increased the survival and longevity of the GE crop–wild (Oryza rufipogon) hybrid seeds in soil seed banks. In addition, enhanced survival and longevity of the GE hybrid seeds are likely associated with increases in seed dormancy and a growth hormone (auxin) via overexpressing the EPSPS transgene. Therefore, the EPSPS transgene can persist in the soil seed banks and spread in the environment, causing unwanted environmental impacts. Abstract Estimating the fitness effect conferred by a transgene introgressed into populations of wild relative species from a genetically engineered (GE) crop plays an important role in assessing the potential environmental risks caused by transgene flow. Such estimation has essentially focused on the survival and fecundity-related characteristics measured above the ground, but with little attention to the fate of GE seeds shattered in the soil seed banks after maturation. To explore the survival and longevity of GE seeds in soil, we examined the germination behaviors of crop–wild hybrid seeds (F4–F6) from the lineages of a GE herbicide-tolerant rice (Oryzasativa) line that contains an endogenous EPSPS transgene hybridized with two wild O. rufipogon populations after the seeds were buried in soil. The results showed significantly increased germination of the GE crop–wild hybrid seeds after soil burial, compared with that of the non-GE hybrid seeds. Additionally, the proportion of dormant seeds and the content of the growth hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) in the GE crop–wild hybrid seeds significantly increased. Evidently, the EPSPS transgene enhances the survival and longevity of GE crop–wild rice seeds in the soil seed banks. The enhanced survival and longevity of the GE hybrid seeds is likely associated with the increases in seed dormancy and auxin (IAA) by overexpressing the rice endogenous EPSPS transgene. Thus, the fate of GE seeds in the soil seed banks should be earnestly considered when assessing the environmental risks caused by transgene flow.
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7
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Whitehead SR, Schneider GF, Dybzinski R, Nelson AS, Gelambi M, Jos E, Beckman NG. Fruits, frugivores, and the evolution of phytochemical diversity. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R. Whitehead
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. Blacksburg VI USA
| | | | - Ray Dybzinski
- School of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola Univ. Chicago IL USA
| | - Annika S. Nelson
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. Blacksburg VI USA
| | - Mariana Gelambi
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. Blacksburg VI USA
| | - Elsa Jos
- Dept of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State Univ. Logan UT USA
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8
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Ruzi SA, Zalamea P, Roche DP, Achury R, Dalling JW, Suarez AV. Can variation in seed removal patterns of Neotropical pioneer tree species be explained by local ant community composition? Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina A. Ruzi
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Paul‐Camilo Zalamea
- Department of Integrative Biology University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ancon Republic of Panama
| | - Daniel P. Roche
- Wildlife and Fisheries Resources Program West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA
| | - Rafael Achury
- Department of Entomology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - James W. Dalling
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ancon Republic of Panama
- Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Andrew V. Suarez
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
- Department of Entomology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
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9
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Dalling JW, Davis AS, Arnold AE, Sarmiento C, Zalamea PC. Extending Plant Defense Theory to Seeds. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012120-115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plant defense theory explores how plants invest in defenses against natural enemies but has focused primarily on the traits expressed by juvenile and mature plants. Here we describe the diverse ways in which seeds are chemically and physically defended. We suggest that through associations with other traits, seeds are likely to exhibit defense syndromes that reflect constraints or trade-offs imposed by selection to attract dispersers, enable effective dispersal, ensure appropriate timing of seed germination, and enhance seedling performance. We draw attention to seed and reproductive traits that are analogous to defense traits in mature plants and describe how the effectiveness of defenses is likely to differ at pre- and postdispersal stages. We also highlight recent insights into the mutualistic and antagonistic interactions between seeds and microbial communities, including fungi and endohyphal bacteria, that can influence seed survival in the soil and subsequent seedling vigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Dalling
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Adam S. Davis
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A. Elizabeth Arnold
- School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Carolina Sarmiento
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panamá, República de Panamá
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA;,
| | - Paul-Camilo Zalamea
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panamá, República de Panamá
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA;,
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Franić I, Prospero S, Hartmann M, Allan E, Auger-Rozenberg MA, Grünwald NJ, Kenis M, Roques A, Schneider S, Sniezko R, Williams W, Eschen R. Are traded forest tree seeds a potential source of nonnative pests? ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01971. [PMID: 31302945 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The international seed trade is considered relatively safe from a phytosanitary point of view and is therefore less regulated than trade in other plants for planting. However, the pests carried by traded seeds are not well known. We assessed insects and fungi in 58 traded seed lots of 11 gymnosperm and angiosperm tree species from North America, Europe, and Asia. Insects were detected by X-raying and molecular methods. The fungal community was characterized using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and by growing fungi on non-selective agar. About 30% of the seed lots contained insect larvae. Gymnosperms contained mostly hymenopteran (Megastigmus spp.) and dipteran (Cecidomyiidae) larvae, while angiosperms contained lepidopteran (Cydia latiferreana) and coleopteran (Curculio spp.) larvae. HTS indicated the presence of fungi in all seed lots and fungi grew on non-selective agar from 96% of the seed lots. Fungal abundance and diversity were much higher than insect diversity and abundance, especially in angiosperm seeds. Almost 50% of all fungal exact sequence variants (ESVs) found in angiosperms were potential pathogens, in comparison with around 30% of potentially pathogenic ESVs found in gymnosperms. The results of this study indicate that seeds may pose a greater risk of pest introduction than previously believed or accounted for. A rapid risk assessment suggests that only a small number of species identified in this study is of phytosanitary concern. However, more research is needed to enable better risk assessment, especially to increase knowledge about the potential for transmission of fungi to seedlings and the host range and impact of identified species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Franić
- CABI, Delémont, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone Prospero
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Allan
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Salome Schneider
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Richard Sniezko
- Dorena Genetic Resource Center, USDA Forest Service, Cottage Grove, Oregon , 97424, USA
| | - Wyatt Williams
- Private Forests Division, Oregon Department of Forestry, Salem, Oregon, 97310, USA
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11
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Gripenberg S, Basset Y, Lewis OT, Terry JCD, Wright SJ, Simón I, Fernández DC, Cedeño‐Sanchez M, Rivera M, Barrios H, Brown JW, Calderón O, Cognato AI, Kim J, Miller SE, Morse GE, Pinzón‐Navarro S, Quicke DLJ, Robbins RK, Salminen J, Vesterinen E. A highly resolved food web for insect seed predators in a species-rich tropical forest. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1638-1649. [PMID: 31359570 PMCID: PMC6852488 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The top-down and indirect effects of insects on plant communities depend on patterns of host use, which are often poorly documented, particularly in species-rich tropical forests. At Barro Colorado Island, Panama, we compiled the first food web quantifying trophic interactions between the majority of co-occurring woody plant species and their internally feeding insect seed predators. Our study is based on more than 200 000 fruits representing 478 plant species, associated with 369 insect species. Insect host-specificity was remarkably high: only 20% of seed predator species were associated with more than one plant species, while each tree species experienced seed predation from a median of two insect species. Phylogeny, but not plant traits, explained patterns of seed predator attack. These data suggest that seed predators are unlikely to mediate indirect interactions such as apparent competition between plant species, but are consistent with their proposed contribution to maintaining plant diversity via the Janzen-Connell mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gripenberg
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteBalboaRepublic of Panama
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Biodiversity UnitUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Yves Basset
- ForestGEOSmithsonian Tropical Research InstituteBalboaRepublic of Panama
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of South BohemiaCeske BudejoviceCzech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of EntomologyCeske BudejoviceCzech Republic
- Maestria de EntomologiaUniversidad de PanamáPanamaRepublic of Panama
| | | | | | | | - Indira Simón
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteBalboaRepublic of Panama
| | | | | | - Marleny Rivera
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteBalboaRepublic of Panama
- Maestria de EntomologiaUniversidad de PanamáPanamaRepublic of Panama
| | - Héctor Barrios
- Maestria de EntomologiaUniversidad de PanamáPanamaRepublic of Panama
| | - John W. Brown
- National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington, DCUSA
| | | | | | - Jorma Kim
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Scott E. Miller
- National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington, DCUSA
| | | | | | - Donald L. J. Quicke
- Integrative Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Robert K. Robbins
- National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington, DCUSA
| | | | - Eero Vesterinen
- Biodiversity UnitUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
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12
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Shaffer JP, Zalamea PC, Sarmiento C, Gallery RE, Dalling JW, Davis AS, Baltrus DA, Arnold AE. Context-dependent and variable effects of endohyphal bacteria on interactions between fungi and seeds. FUNGAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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