1
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Ebert M, Lange A, Müller M, Wuckert E, Gießelmann F, Klamroth T, Zens A, Taubert A, Laschat S. Counterion effects on the mesomorphic and electrochemical properties of guanidinium salts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11988-12002. [PMID: 38573315 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00356j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) combine the ion mobility of ionic liquids with the order and self-assembly of thermotropic mesophases. To understand the role of the anion in ILCs, wedge-shaped arylguanidinium salts with tetradecyloxy side chains were chosen as benchmark systems and their liquid crystalline self-assembly in the bulk phase as well as their electrochemical behavior in solution were studied depending on the anion. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (WAXS, SAXS) experiments revealed that for spherical anions, the phase width of the hexagonal columnar mesophase increased with the anion size, while for non-spherical anions, the trends were less clear cut. Depending on the anion, the ILCs showed different stability towards electrochemical oxidation and reduction with the most stable being the PF6 based compound. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a possible contribution of the guanidinium cation to the oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Ebert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Alyna Lange
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany.
| | - Michael Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Eugen Wuckert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Tillmann Klamroth
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany.
| | - Anna Zens
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany.
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
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2
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Wild U, Hübner O, Enders M, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Connecting Organic Redox‐Active Building Blocks Through Mild Non‐Catalytic C‐H Activation. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wild
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Markus Enders
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Fakultat fur Chemie und Geowissenschaften Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Institut für Anorganische Chemie Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg GERMANY
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3
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Steuer L, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. On the metal-ligand bonding in dinuclear complexes with redox-active guanidine ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:9467-9482. [PMID: 34136887 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coordination compounds with redox-active ligands are currently intensively studied. Within this research theme, redox-active guanidines have been established as a new, eminent class of redox-active ligands. In this work the variation of metal-guanidine bonding in dinuclear transition metal complexes with bridging redox-active tetrakisguanidine ligands is analysed. A series of dinuclear complexes with different metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) is synthesized, using either newly prepared redox-active tetrakisguanidino-dioxine or previously reported tetrakisguanidino-benzene ligands. The discussion of the bond properties in this work is predominantly based on the trends of structural parameters, derived from determination of single-crystal structures by X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical calculations. In addition, the trends in the redox potentials and magnetometric (SQUID) measurements on some of the complexes are included. Due to their combined σ- and π-electron donor capability, redox-active guanidine ligands are weak-field ligands; the σ- and π-bonding contributions vary with the metal. The results highlight the peculiarity of copper-guanidine bonding with a high π-bond contribution to metal-guanidine bonding, enabled by structural distortion of the coordination mode from tetrahedral in the direction of square-planar, short copper-guanidine bonds and minor displacement of the copper atoms from the ligand aromatic plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Steuer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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4
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Wild U, Walter P, Hübner O, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Evaluation of the Synthetic Scope and the Reaction Pathways of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer with Redox-Active Guanidines in C-H Activation Processes. Chemistry 2020; 26:16504-16513. [PMID: 32893902 PMCID: PMC7756729 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) is currently intensively studied because of its importance in synthetic chemistry and biology. In recent years it was shown that redox‐active guanidines are capable PCET reagents for the selective oxidation of organic molecules. In this work, the scope of their PCET reactivity regarding reactions that involve C−H activation is explored and kinetic studies carried out to disclose the reaction mechanisms. Organic molecules with potential up to 1.2 V vs. ferrocenium/ferrocene are efficiently oxidized. Reactions are initiated by electron transfer, followed by slow proton transfer from an electron‐transfer equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wild
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Walter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Wagner C, Kreis F, Popp D, Hübner O, Kaifer E, Himmel H. 1,2,4,5‐Tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)‐3,6‐diethynyl‐benzenes: Fluorescent Probes, Redox‐Active Ligands and Strong Organic Electron Donors. Chemistry 2020; 26:10336-10347. [PMID: 32368816 PMCID: PMC7497081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the change of reactivity induced by the introduction of two para‐ethynyl substituents (CCSi(iPr)3 or CCH) to the organic electron‐donor 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)‐benzene is evaluated. The redox‐properties and redox‐state dependent fluorescence are evaluated, and dinuclear CuI and CuII complexes synthesized. The Lewis‐acidic B(C6F5)3 substitutes the proton of the ethynyl −CCH groups to give new anionic −CCB(C6F5)3− substituents, leading eventually to a novel dianionic strong electron donor in its diprotonated form. Its two‐electron oxidation with dioxygen in the presence of a copper catalyst yields the first redox‐active guanidine that is neutral (instead of cationic) in its oxidized form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Wagner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Franka Kreis
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dennis Popp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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6
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Lohmeyer L, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel H. 1,2,5,6-Tetrakis(guanidino)-Naphthalenes: Electron Donors, Fluorescent Probes and Redox-Active Ligands. Chemistry 2020; 26:5834-5845. [PMID: 32017282 PMCID: PMC7318682 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New redox-active 1,2,5,6-tetrakis(guanidino)-naphthalene compounds, isolable and storable in the neutral and deep-green dicationic redox states and oxidisable further in two one-electron steps to the tetracations, are reported. Protonation switches on blue fluorescence, with the fluorescence intensity (quantum yield) increasing with the degree of protonation. Reactions with N-halogenosuccinimides or N-halogenophthalimides led to a series of new redox-active halogeno- and succinimido-/phthalimido-substituted derivatives. These highly selective reactions are proposed to proceed via the tri- or tetracationic state as the intermediate. The derivatives are oxidised reversibly at slightly higher potentials than that of the unsubstituted compounds to dications and further to tri- and tetracations. The integration of redox-active ligands in the transition-metal complexes shifts the redox potentials to higher values and also allows reversible oxidation in two potentially separated one-electron steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lohmeyer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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7
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Ortmeyer J, Vukadinovic Y, Neuba A, Flörke U, Henkel G. Combining a Phenanthroline Moiety with Peralkylated Guanidine Residues: Homometallic Cu
II
, Ni
II
and Zn
II
Halide Complexes with Site‐Differentiating Janus Head Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Ortmeyer
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Yannik Vukadinovic
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Gerald Henkel
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
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8
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Ziesak A, Steuer L, Kaifer E, Wagner N, Beck J, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Intramolecular metal–ligand electron transfer triggered by co-ligand substitution. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9430-9441. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01234b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Labile co-ligands are attached to a dinuclear copper(i) complex with a redox-active bridging guanidine ligand. Their substitution triggers electron-transfer from the copper atoms to the guanidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ziesak
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Lena Steuer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Johannes Beck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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9
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Ortmeyer J, Vukadinovic Y, Neuba A, Egold H, Flörke U, Henkel G. Combining a Phenanthroline Moiety with Two Peralkylated Guanidine Residues: Janus Head Pro-Ligands. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Ortmeyer
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Yannik Vukadinovic
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Hans Egold
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Gerald Henkel
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Department Chemie; Universität Paderborn; Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
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10
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Schrempp DF, Leingang S, Schnurr M, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Inter- and Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Copper Complexes: Electronic Entatic State with Redox-Active Guanidine Ligands. Chemistry 2017; 23:13607-13611. [PMID: 28771843 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Fast and efficient electron transfer in blue copper proteins is realized by a structural harmonization between the CuI and CuII complex pair ("entatic state" model). Herein, we present now a CuI /CuII complex pair with redox-active guanidine ligands showing almost perfect match between both redox states. By modifying the ligand electron donor strength, the redox chemistry of the copper complex can be controlled to be either metal-centered or to cross the borderline to ligand-centered. This work is the first systematic study of complexes with redox-active ligands within the concept of the entatic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Schrempp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Leingang
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schnurr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Schrempp DF, Schneider E, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Homo- and Heterobinuclear Cu and Pd Complexes with a Bridging Redox-Active Bisguanidino-Substituted Dioxolene Ligand: Electronic Structure and Metal-Ligand Electron-Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:11636-11648. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Fridolin Schrempp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisa Schneider
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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12
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Shimizu I, Morimoto Y, Faltermeier D, Kerscher M, Paria S, Abe T, Sugimoto H, Fujieda N, Asano K, Suzuki T, Comba P, Itoh S. Tetrahedral Copper(II) Complexes with a Labile Coordination Site Supported by a Tris-tetramethylguanidinato Ligand. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:9634-9645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuma Shimizu
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuma Morimoto
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Dieter Faltermeier
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut and Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Universität Heidelberg, INF 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marion Kerscher
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut and Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Universität Heidelberg, INF 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sayantan Paria
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Abe
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugimoto
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujieda
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaori Asano
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, The Institute of Scientific
and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0057, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Suzuki
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, The Institute of Scientific
and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0057, Japan
| | - Peter Comba
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut and Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Universität Heidelberg, INF 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Department of Material
and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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13
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Witte M, Rohrmüller M, Gerstmann U, Henkel G, Schmidt WG, Herres-Pawlis S. [Cu 6 (NGuaS) 6 ] 2+ and its oxidized and reduced derivatives: Confining electrons on a torus. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:1752-1761. [PMID: 28394037 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hexanuclear thioguanidine mixed-valent copper complex cation [Cu6 (NGuaS)6 ]+2 (NGuaS = o-SC6 H4 NC(NMe2 )2 ) and its oxidized/reduced states are theoretically analyzed by means of density functional theory (DFT) (TPSSh + D3BJ/def2-TZV (p)). A detailed bonding analysis using overlap populations is performed. We find that a delocalized Cu-based ring orbital serves as an acceptor for donated S p electrons. The formed fully delocalized orbitals give rise to a confined electron cloud within the Cu6 S6 cage which becomes larger on reduction. The resulting strong electrostatic repulsion might prevent the fully reduced state. Experimental UV/Vis spectra are explained using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and analyzed with a natural transition orbital analysis. The spectra are dominated by MLCTs within the Cu6 S6 core over a wide range but LMCTs are also found. The experimental redshift of the reduced low energy absorption band can be explained by the clustering of the frontier orbitals. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Witte
- Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie, Fachgruppe Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Martin Rohrmüller
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Uwe Gerstmann
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Gerald Henkel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str.100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Wolf Gero Schmidt
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie, Fachgruppe Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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14
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Herrmann H, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer (HAT) Initiated by Intramolecular Ligand–Metal Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:5520-5528. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Herrmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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15
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Schrempp DF, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Copper Complexes of New Redox-Active 4,5-Bisguanidino-Substituted Benzodioxole Ligands: Control of the Electronic Structure by Counter-Ligands, Solvent, and Temperature. Chemistry 2016; 22:16187-16199. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Fridolin Schrempp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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16
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Witte M, Grimm-Lebsanft B, Goos A, Binder S, Rübhausen M, Bernard M, Neuba A, Gorelsky S, Gerstmann U, Henkel G, Gero Schmidt W, Herres-Pawlis S. Optical response of the Cu2 S2 diamond core in Cu2II(NGuaS)2 Cl2. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:2181-92. [PMID: 27362786 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations are presented for the dicopper thiolate complex Cu2 (NGuaS)2 Cl2 [NGuaS=2-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidino) benzenethiolate] with a special focus on the bonding mechanism of the Cu2 S2 Cl2 core and the spectroscopic response. This complex is relevant for the understanding of dicopper redox centers, for example, the CuA center. Its UV/Vis absorption is theoretically studied and found to be similar to other structural CuA models. The spectrum can be roughly divided in the known regions of metal d-d absorptions and metal to ligand charge transfer regions. Nevertheless the chloride ions play an important role as electron donors, with the thiolate groups as electron acceptors. The bonding mechanism is dissected by means of charge decomposition analysis which reveals the large covalency of the Cu2 S2 diamond core mediated between Cu dz2 and S-S π and π* orbitals forming Cu-S σ bonds. Measured resonant Raman spectra are shown for 360- and 720-nm excitation wavelength and interpreted using the calculated vibrational eigenmodes and frequencies. The calculations help to rationalize the varying resonant behavior at different optical excitations. Especially the phenylene rings are only resonant for 720 nm. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Witte
- Lehrstuhl Für Bioanorganische Chemie, Fachgruppe Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Benjamin Grimm-Lebsanft
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Goos
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Binder
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rübhausen
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Bernard
- Lehrstuhl Für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Lehrstuhl Für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Serge Gorelsky
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Uwe Gerstmann
- Lehrstuhl Für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Gerald Henkel
- Lehrstuhl Für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Wolf Gero Schmidt
- Lehrstuhl Für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Lehrstuhl Für Bioanorganische Chemie, Fachgruppe Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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17
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Wiesner S, Wagner A, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. A Valence Tautomeric Dinuclear Copper Tetrakisguanidine Complex. Chemistry 2016; 22:10438-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Wiesner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Arne Wagner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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18
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Eberle B, Damjanović M, Enders M, Leingang S, Pfisterer J, Krämer C, Hübner O, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Radical Monocationic Guanidino-Functionalized Aromatic Compounds (GFAs) as Bridging Ligands in Dinuclear Metal Acetate Complexes: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Magnetic Coupling. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1683-96. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Eberle
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marko Damjanović
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Enders
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Leingang
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Pfisterer
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Krämer
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Wiesner S, Wagner A, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. The control of the electronic structure of dinuclear copper complexes of redox-active tetrakisguanidine ligands by the environment. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:15828-15839. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02128j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures of dinuclear copper complexes of the general formula [GFA(CuX2)2], where X = Br or Cl and GFA denotes a redox-active bridging Guanidino-Functionalized Aromatic ligand, were analysed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Wiesner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Arne Wagner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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20
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Wiesner S, Wagner A, Hübner O, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Thermochromism of Cu
I
Tetrakisguanidine Complexes: Reversible Activation of Metal‐to‐Ligand Charge‐Transfer Bands. Chemistry 2015; 21:16494-503. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Wiesner
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐545707
| | - Arne Wagner
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐545707
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐545707
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐545707
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221‐545707
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21
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Demakova MY, Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Islamova RM, Starova GL, Kukushkin VY. Click-Type PtII-Mediated Hydroxyguanidine-Nitrile Coupling Provides Useful Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Cross-Linking. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1607-1614. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ya. Demakova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Regina M. Islamova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Galina L. Starova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
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22
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Wild U, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Combined Oxidation, Deprotonation, and Metal Coordination of a Redox-Active Guanidine Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Eberle B, Hübner O, Ziesak A, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. What Makes a Strong Organic Electron Donor (or Acceptor)? Chemistry 2015; 21:8578-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Ziesak A, Wesp T, Hübner O, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Counter-ligand control of the electronic structure in dinuclear copper-tetrakisguanidine complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:19111-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Decision-making counter-ligands: a bridging redox-active ligand in a dinuclear copper complex could be either neutral (complex type [CuII-GFA-CuII]) or dicationic (complex type [CuI-GFA-CuI]), depending on the nature of the counter-ligands X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ziesak
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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