1
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Wu L, Zhao J, Wu L, Zhang Y, Li J. Simultaneous determination of squalene, tocopherols and phytosterols in edible vegetable oil by SPE combined with saponification and GC-MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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2
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Sedbare R, Raudone L, Zvikas V, Viskelis J, Liaudanskas M, Janulis V. Development and Validation of the UPLC-DAD Methodology for the Detection of Triterpenoids and Phytosterols in Fruit Samples of Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton and Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144403. [PMID: 35889280 PMCID: PMC9323694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranberries are used in the production of medicinal preparations and food supplements, which highlights the importance of triterpene compounds determination in cranberry fruit raw material. The aim of our study was to develop and validate for routine testing suitable UPLC-DAD methodology for the evaluation of triterpene acids, neutral triterpenoids, phytosterols, and squalene content in cranberry samples. The developed and optimized UPLC-DAD methodology was validated according to the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH), evaluating the following parameters: range, specificity, linearity (R2 > 0.999), precision, LOD (0.27−1.86 µg/mL), LOQ (0.90−6.18 µg/mL), and recovery (80−110%). The developed and validated technique was used for the evaluation of triterpenic compounds in samples of Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos fruits, and their peels, pulp and seeds. The studied chromatogram profiles of Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos were identical but differed in the areas of the analytical peaks. Ursolic acid was the dominant compound in fruit samples of Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos. The highest amounts of triterpenic compounds were detected in the cranberry peels samples. The developed method for the detection of triterpene compounds can be applied in further studies for routine testing on the qualitative and quantitative composition of fruit samples of Vaccinium macrocarpon and Vaccinium oxycoccos species and cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Sedbare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (M.L.); (V.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-696-77917
| | - Lina Raudone
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (M.L.); (V.J.)
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Vaidotas Zvikas
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (M.L.); (V.J.)
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (M.L.); (V.J.)
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3
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Abstract
Lipases are versatile enzymes widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. They are green biocatalysts with a high potential for industrial use compared to traditional chemical methods. In recent years, lipases have been used to synthesize a wide variety of molecules of industrial interest, and extraordinary results have been reported. In this sense, this review describes the important role of lipases in the synthesis of phytosterol esters, which have attracted the scientific community’s attention due to their beneficial effects on health. A systematic search for articles and patents published in the last 20 years with the terms “phytosterol AND esters AND lipase” was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases, and the results showed that Candida rugosa lipases are the most relevant biocatalysts for the production of phytosterol esters, being used in more than 50% of the studies. The optimal temperature and time for the enzymatic synthesis of phytosterol esters mainly ranged from 30 to 101 °C and from 1 to 72 h. The esterification yield was greater than 90% for most analyzed studies. Therefore, this manuscript presents the new technological approaches and the gaps that need to be filled by future studies so that the enzymatic synthesis of phytosterol esters is widely developed.
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Vilkickyte G, Raudone L. Optimization, Validation and Application of HPLC-PDA Methods for Quantification of Triterpenoids in Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. Molecules 2021; 26:1645. [PMID: 33809511 PMCID: PMC8001753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Triterpenoids have regained much attention as promising multi-targeting bioactive agents of natural origin in the treatment of numerous disorders. Due to the high potential for phytopharmaceutical development, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids for screening and quality control is required. Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (lingonberry) raw materials have aroused interest as a rich source of triterpenoids. However, currently, no validated, rapid, and easy-to-perform quantification method is available for the routine control of these compounds in lingonberries. This research aimed at developing and validating HPLC-PDA methods for the determination and screening of triterpenoids in extracts of lingonberry leaves, fruits, and flowers. The developed methods were deemed satisfactory by validation, which revealed acceptable analytical specificity, linearity (r2 > 0.9999), precision (RSD < 2%), trueness (94.70-105.81%), and sensitivity (LOD: 0.08-0.65 µg/mL). The real sample analysis demonstrated established methods applicability for quantification of 13 triterpenoids in lingonberries and emphasized differences between raw materials. Lingonberry fruits were distinguished by the richness of ursolic acid; lingonberry flowers by similar profile to fruits, but low content of neutral triterpenoids; whereas lingonberry leaves by the particularly high level of α-amyrin. Thus, the proposed methods proved to be reliable and applicable for quantification and routine analysis of triterpenoids in lingonberry samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Vilkickyte
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Lina Raudone
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
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5
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Gachumi G, Demelenne A, Poudel A, Dallal Bashi Z, El-Aneed A. Novel Fast Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Quantitative Approach for the Determination of Plant-Extracted Phytosterols and Tocopherols. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051402. [PMID: 33807675 PMCID: PMC7961602 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytosterols and tocopherols are commonly used in food and pharmaceutical industries for their health benefits. Current analysis methods rely on conventional liquid chromatography, using an analytical column, which can be tedious and time consuming. However, simple, and fast analytical methods can facilitate their qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this study, a fast chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (FC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of phytosterols and tocopherols. Omitting chromatography by employing flow injection analysis—mass spectrometry (FIA-MS) failed in the quantification of target analytes due to analyte-to-analyte interferences from phytosterols. These interferences arise from their ambiguous MS fingerprints that would lead to false identification and inaccurate quantification. Therefore, a C18 guard column with a 1.9 µm particle size was employed for FC-MS/MS under isocratic elution using acetonitrile/methanol (99:1 v/v) at a flow rate of 600 µL/min. Analyte-to-analyte interferences were identified and eliminated. The false peaks could then be easily identified due to chromatographic separation. In addition, two internal standards were evaluated, namely cholestanol and deuterated cholesterol. Both internal standards contributed to the observed analyte-to-analyte interferences; however, adequate shift in the retention time for deuterated cholesterol eliminated its interferences and allowed for an accurate quantification. The method is fast (1.3 min) compared to published methods and can distinguish false peaks observed in FIA-MS. Seven analytes were quantified simultaneously, namely brassicasterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol. The method was successfully applied in the quantitative analysis of phytosterols and tocopherols present in the unsaponifiable matter of canola oil deodorizer distillate (CODD). β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol were the most abundant phytosterols and tocopherols, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gachumi
- Drug Design and Discovery Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (G.G.); (A.P.); (Z.D.B.)
| | - Alice Demelenne
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Asmita Poudel
- Drug Design and Discovery Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (G.G.); (A.P.); (Z.D.B.)
| | - Zafer Dallal Bashi
- Drug Design and Discovery Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (G.G.); (A.P.); (Z.D.B.)
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- Drug Design and Discovery Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (G.G.); (A.P.); (Z.D.B.)
- Correspondence:
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6
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Skubic C, Vovk I, Rozman D, Križman M. Simplified LC-MS Method for Analysis of Sterols in Biological Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184116. [PMID: 32916848 PMCID: PMC7571030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a simple and robust liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric method (LC-MS) for the quantitative analysis of 10 sterols from the late part of cholesterol synthesis (zymosterol, dehydrolathosterol, 7-dehydrodesmosterol, desmosterol, zymostenol, lathosterol, FFMAS, TMAS, lanosterol, and dihydrolanosterol) from cultured human hepatocytes in a single chromatographic run using a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) stationary phase. The method also avails on a minimized sample preparation procedure in order to obtain a relatively high sample throughput. The method was validated on 10 sterol standards that were detected in a single chromatographic LC-MS run without derivatization. Our developed method can be used in research or clinical applications for disease-related detection of accumulated cholesterol intermediates. Disorders in the late part of cholesterol synthesis lead to severe malformation in human patients. The developed method enables a simple, sensitive, and fast quantification of sterols, without the need of extended knowledge of the LC-MS technique, and represents a new analytical tool in the rising field of cholesterolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cene Skubic
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (C.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Irena Vovk
- Department of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (C.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Mitja Križman
- Department of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +386-1-4760-266
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7
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Gorassini A, Verardo G, Bortolomeazzi R. Polymeric reversed phase and small particle size silica gel solid phase extractions for rapid analysis of sterols and triterpene dialcohols in olive oils by GC-FID. Food Chem 2019; 283:177-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Phytosterols and their derivatives: Structural diversity, distribution, metabolism, analysis, and health-promoting uses. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:35-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Quantification of extra virgin olive oil in dressing and edible oil blends using the representative TMS-4,4′-desmethylsterols gas-chromatographic-normalized fingerprint. Food Chem 2018; 239:1192-1199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Gachumi G, El-Aneed A. Mass Spectrometric Approaches for the Analysis of Phytosterols in Biological Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10141-10156. [PMID: 29058915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant sterols (phytosterols) are important structural components of plant cellular membranes, and they play a major role during development and metabolism. They have health-associated benefits, especially in lowering blood cholesterol levels. Because of their many health claims, there is a growing interest in their analysis. Although various analytical strategies have been employed in analyzing phytosterols, chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (MS) is superior due to its sensitivity. Furthermore, specificity and selectivity are enhanced by utilizing tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). This article reviews the various mass spectrometric strategies used for the analysis of phytosterols. It highlights the applications and limitations associated with each MS strategy in various sample matrixes such as plant, human, animal, food, and dietary supplements. GC-MS was historically the method of choice for analysis; however, the derivatization step rendered it tedious and time-consuming. On the other hand, liquid chromatography coupled to MS (LC-MS) simplifies the analysis. Many ionization techniques have been used, namely, electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). APCI showed superiority in terms of ion intensity and consistency in ion formation, primarily forming [M + H - H2O]+ ions rather than [M + H]+. In addition, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) as well as ambient mass spectrometry such as direct analysis in real time (DART) have also been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gachumi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada , S7N 5E5
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada , S7N 5E5
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11
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Sterol profiles of Tunisian virgin olive oils: classification among different cultivars and maturity indexes. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Novak A, Gutiérrez-Zamora M, Domenech L, Suñé-Negre JM, Miñarro M, García-Montoya E, Llop JM, Ticó JR, Pérez-Lozano P. Development and validation of a simple high-performance liquid chromatography analytical method for simultaneous determination of phytosterols, cholesterol and squalene in parenteral lipid emulsions. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Novak
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mercè Gutiérrez-Zamora
- Service of Development of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Lluís Domenech
- Service of Development of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Josep M. Suñé-Negre
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Encarna García-Montoya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Josep M. Llop
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Josep R. Ticó
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lozano
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
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13
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Bajoub A, Bendini A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Carrasco-Pancorbo A. Olive oil authentication: A comparative analysis of regulatory frameworks with especial emphasis on quality and authenticity indices, and recent analytical techniques developed for their assessment. A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:832-857. [PMID: 27657556 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1225666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, olive oil quality and authenticity control has become an issue of great importance to consumers, suppliers, retailers, and regulators in both traditional and emerging olive oil producing countries, mainly due to the increasing worldwide popularity and the trade globalization of this product. Thus, in order to ensure olive oil authentication, various national and international laws and regulations have been adopted, although some of them are actually causing an enormous debate about the risk that they can represent for the harmonization of international olive oil trade standards. Within this context, this review was designed to provide a critical overview and comparative analysis of selected regulatory frameworks for olive oil authentication, with special emphasis on the quality and purity criteria considered by these regulation systems, their thresholds and the analytical methods employed for monitoring them. To complete the general overview, recent analytical advances to overcome drawbacks and limitations of the official methods to evaluate olive oil quality and to determine possible adulterations were reviewed. Furthermore, the latest trends on analytical approaches to assess the olive oil geographical and varietal origin traceability were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Bajoub
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Alessandra Bendini
- b Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences , University of Bologna , Cesena (FC) , Italy
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14
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Simultaneous Analysis of Tocopherols, Phytosterols, and Squalene in Vegetable Oils by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Alberici RM, Fernandes GD, Porcari AM, Eberlin MN, Barrera-Arellano D, Fernández FM. Rapid fingerprinting of sterols and related compounds in vegetable and animal oils and phytosterol enriched- margarines by transmission mode direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2016; 211:661-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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16
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Seçmeler Ö, Güçlü Üstündağ Ö. A rapid in-house validated GC-FID method for simultaneous determination of lipophilic bioactives in olive oil: Squalene, α-tocopherol, and β-sitosterol. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özge Seçmeler
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering; Yeditepe University; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Özlem Güçlü Üstündağ
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering; Yeditepe University; İstanbul Turkey
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17
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Geng P, Harnly JM, Chen P. Differentiation of bread made with whole grain and refined wheat (T. aestivum) flour using LC/MS-based chromatographic fingerprinting and chemometric approaches. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Millán L, Sampedro MC, Sanchez A, Goicolea MA, Barrio RJ. Determination of phytosterols in oenological matrices by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and ion-trap mass spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Verardo V, Garcia-Salas P, Baldi E, Segura-Carretero A, Fernandez-Gutierrez A, Caboni MF. Pomegranate seeds as a source of nutraceutical oil naturally rich in bioactive lipids. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Trace analysis of selected hormones and sterols in river sediments by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1364:117-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Determination of sterols using liquid chromatography with off-line surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1358:102-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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del Castillo MD, Martinez-Saez N, Amigo-Benavent M, Silvan JM. Phytochemomics and other omics for permitting health claims made on foods. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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de Medina VS, Priego-Capote F, Luque de Castro MD. Comparison of saponification methods for characterization of the nonsaponifiable fraction of virgin olive oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales; Córdoba Spain
- University of Córdoba Agroalimentary Excellence Campus; ceiA3; Campus of Rabanales Córdoba Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC); Reina Sofía Hospital; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales; Córdoba Spain
- University of Córdoba Agroalimentary Excellence Campus; ceiA3; Campus of Rabanales Córdoba Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC); Reina Sofía Hospital; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
| | - María Dolores Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales; Córdoba Spain
- University of Córdoba Agroalimentary Excellence Campus; ceiA3; Campus of Rabanales Córdoba Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC); Reina Sofía Hospital; University of Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
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24
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Mathison B, Holstege D. A rapid method to determine sterol, erythrodiol, and uvaol concentrations in olive oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:4506-4513. [PMID: 23587059 DOI: 10.1021/jf400254k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, accurate, and efficient method for determining the sterol, uvaol, and erythrodiol concentrations was developed to meet International Olive Council (IOC) certification criteria for extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). The unsaponifiable fraction of the sample (0.2 g) was separated with a diatomaceous earth column, and the sterol and triterpenic dialcohols were isolated with a novel base-activated silica solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge cleanup protocol. The improved method and the IOC method provided identical pass/fail results (n = 34) for each of the six sterol and erythrodiol/uvaol IOC criteria used to assess olive oil. This method was validated, and recoveries of stigmasterol (88%) and β-sitosterol (84%) were greater than previously published values obtained using the IOC method. This method requires approximately one-third the time required to complete the IOC method and has great utility for the rapid screening of EVOO to detect adulteration, false labeling, and an inferior product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Mathison
- UC Analytical Laboratory, University of California (UC), 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
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25
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Horník Š, Sajfrtová M, Karban J, Sýkora J, Březinová A, Wimmer Z. LC-NMR Technique in the Analysis of Phytosterols in Natural Extracts. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2013; 2013:526818. [PMID: 24455424 PMCID: PMC3884959 DOI: 10.1155/2013/526818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability of LC-NMR to detect simultaneously free and conjugated phytosterols in natural extracts was tested. The advantages and disadvantages of a gradient HPLC-NMR method were compared to the fast composition screening using SEC-NMR method. Fractions of free and conjugated phytosterols were isolated and analyzed by isocratic HPLC-NMR methods. The results of qualitative and quantitative analyses were in a good agreement with the literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Horník
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 2/135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Sajfrtová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 2/135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 2/135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sýkora
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 2/135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- *Jan Sýkora:
| | - Anna Březinová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i., Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Wimmer
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the ASCR, v.v.i., Isotope Laboratory, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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26
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Dinh TTN, Thompson LD, Galyean ML, Brooks JC, Patterson KY, Boylan LM. Cholesterol Content and Methods for Cholesterol Determination in Meat and Poultry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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27
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Sánchez-Hernández L, Marina ML, Crego AL. A capillary electrophoresis–tandem mass spectrometry methodology for the determination of non-protein amino acids in vegetable oils as novel markers for the detection of adulterations in olive oils. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4944-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Sánchez-Hernández L, Castro-Puyana M, Luisa Marina M, Crego AL. Determination of betaines in vegetable oils by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry - application to the detection of olive oil adulteration with seed oils. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1394-401. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Huang L, Cao Y, Xu H, Chen G. Separation and purification of ergosterol and stigmasterol in Anoectochilus roxburghii
(wall) Lindl by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:385-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Lerma-García M, Simó-Alfonso E, Méndez A, Lliberia J, Herrero-Martínez J. Classification of extra virgin olive oils according to their genetic variety using linear discriminant analysis of sterol profiles established by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Orozco-Solano M, Ruiz-Jimenez J, Luque De Castro MD. Characterization of fatty alcohol and sterol fractions in olive tree. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:7539-7546. [PMID: 20550122 DOI: 10.1021/jf100751r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The determination of sterols and fatty alcohols is a part of the study of the metabolomic profile of the unsaponifiable fraction in olive tree. Leaves and drupes from three varieties of olive tree (Arbequina, Picual, and Manzanilla) were used. The content of the target compounds was studied in five ripeness stages and three harvesting periods for olive drupes and leaves, respectively. A method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction and derivatization for the individual identification and quantitation of sterols and fatty alcohols, involving chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry detection by selected ion monitoring, was used. The concentrations of alcohols and sterols in the drupes ranged between 0.1 and 1086.9 mug/g and between 0.1 and 5855.3 mug/g, respectively, which are higher than in leaves. Statistical studies were developed to show the relationship between the concentration of the target analytes and variety, ripeness stage, and harvesting period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Orozco-Solano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Spain
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32
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Lerma-García MJ, Simó-Alfonso EF, Méndez A, Lliberia JL, Herrero-Martínez JM. Fast separation and determination of sterols in vegetable oils by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:2771-2776. [PMID: 20146431 DOI: 10.1021/jf9043887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A method for the determination of sterols in vegetable oils by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry detection has been developed. The separation of sterols was optimized in terms of mobile phase composition, column temperature and flow rate. The optimal conditions were achieved using an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm) with a mobile phase consistent of acetonitrile/water (0.01% acetic acid) using a linear gradient, at a flow rate of 0.8 mL min(-1) and column temperature of 10 degrees C, giving a total analysis time below 5 min. The determination was performed in selective ion recording mode. The limits of detection were in all cases below 0.07 microg mL(-1), with relative standard deviation values of retention times and peak areas below 0.4 and 5%, respectively. The content of main sterols present in several vegetable oils with different botanical origins was also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Lerma-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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33
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Lerma-García MJ, Concha-Herrera V, Herrero-Martínez JM, Simó-Alfonso EF. Classification of extra virgin olive oils produced at La Comunitat Valenciana according to their genetic variety using sterol profiles established by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:10512-10517. [PMID: 19883071 DOI: 10.1021/jf902322c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A method to classify extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) according to their genetic variety using sterol profiles obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) detection has been developed. Sterol extracts were chromatographed on a dC18 Atlantis column (100x3 mm, 3 microm) with a gradient of acetonitrile/water (0.01% acetic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) and positive-ion mode MS detection. Using linear discriminant analysis of the HPLC-MS data (extracted ion chromatograms), EVOO samples belonging to six genetic varieties cultivated at La Comunitat Valenciana, Spain (Arbequina, Borriolenca, Canetera, Farga, Picual, and Serrana), were correctly classified with an excellent resolution among all of the categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Lerma-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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