1
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Wang B, Singh J, Deng Y. Photoredox-Catalyzed Divergent Radical Cascade Annulations of 1,6-Enynes via Pyridine N-Oxide-Promoted Vinyl Radical Generation. Org Lett 2023; 25:9219-9224. [PMID: 38112553 PMCID: PMC10842598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The divergent organophotoredox-catalyzed radical cascade annulation reactions of 1,6-enynes were developed. A series of cyclopropane-fused hetero- and carbo-bicyclic, tricyclic, and spiro-tetracyclic compounds were facilely synthesized from a broad scope of 1,6-enynes and 2,6-lutidine N-oxide under mild and metal-free conditions with blue light-emitting diode light irradiation. The cascade annulation reaction occurs with the intermediacy of a β-oxyvinyl radical, which is produced from photocatalytically generated pyridine N-oxy radical addition to the carbon-carbon triple bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jujhar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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2
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Piedra HF, Gebler V, Valdés C, Plaza M. Photochemical halogen-bonding assisted carbothiophosphorylation reactions of alkenyl and 1,3-dienyl bromides. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12767-12773. [PMID: 38020380 PMCID: PMC10646874 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05263j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a synthetic procedure for the facile and general preparation of novel S-alkenyl and dienyl phosphoro(di)thioates for the first time. Extensive mechanistic investigations support that the reactions rely on a photochemical excitation of a halogen-bonding complex, formed with a phosphorothioate salt and an alkenyl or dienyl bromide, which light-induced fragmentation leads to the formation of the desired products through a radical-based pathway. The substrate scope is broad and exhibits a wide functional group tolerance in the formation of the final compounds, including molecules derived from natural products, all with unknown and potentially interesting biological properties. Eventually, a very efficient continuous flow protocol was developed for the upscale of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena F Piedra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Victoria Gebler
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Carlos Valdés
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Manuel Plaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
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3
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Kumar S, Ali Shah B. Exploring the Divergent Reactivity of Vinyl Radicals Emanating from Alkynes and Thiols via Photoredox Catalysis. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300693. [PMID: 37656003 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic chemistry has seen a surge in visible-light-driven transformations, which offer unique reaction pathways and access to new synthetic possibilities. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of state-of-the-art photo-mediated alkyne functionalization, with a focus on the reactive behavior of vinyl radicals. This review outlines our contributions to the field, including developing new methods for forming carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
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4
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Uppalabat T, Hassa N, Sawektreeratana N, Leowanawat P, Janthakit P, Nalaoh P, Promarak V, Soorukram D, Reutrakul V, Kuhakarn C. Cascade Oxidative Trifluoromethylthiolation and Cyclization of 3-Alkyl-1-(2-(alkynyl)phenyl)indoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5403-5419. [PMID: 37019432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Persulfate-promoted radical cascade trifluoromethylthiolation and cyclization of 3-alkyl-1-(2-(alkynyl)phenyl)indoles with AgSCF3 were investigated. This protocol provides a novel route to CF3S-substituted indolo[1,2-a]quinoline-7-carbaldehydes and CF3S-substituted indolo[1,2-a]quinoline-7-methanone derivatives via the formation of the C-SCF3 bond and C-C bond and benzylic carbon oxidation in a single step. This reaction can accommodate a broad range of functional groups. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction data confirm the chemical structure of the product. A scale-up experiment and radical inhibition experiments were operated in the reaction system. Photophysical properties of some selected 5-((trifluoromethyl)thio)indolo[1,2-a]quinoline-7-carbaldehydes were studied by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thikhamporn Uppalabat
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nattawoot Hassa
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Natthapat Sawektreeratana
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pawaret Leowanawat
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pattarapapa Janthakit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Phattananawee Nalaoh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Darunee Soorukram
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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5
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Piedra HF, Plaza M. Photochemical halogen-bonding assisted generation of vinyl and sulfur-centered radicals: stereoselective catalyst-free C(sp 2)-S bond forming reactions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:650-657. [PMID: 36741527 PMCID: PMC9848158 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05556b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of photochemistry and halogen bonding interactions has risen in the last few years as a powerful synthetic tool for the creation of radical intermediates under mild conditions. In the formation of carbon-centered radicals, this reactivity has been to date restricted to the employment of aryl and alkyl halides as precursors. We now envisioned that the halogen-bonding initiated formation of highly reactive vinyl radicals would be a feasible process for the photochemical cross-coupling between thiols and alkenyl halides under basic conditions. The reaction shows indeed a very broad functional group tolerance, is stereoselective, simple and scalable. In-depth mechanistic studies point at the formation of vinyl and sulfur-centered radicals as the intermediates of the reaction and DFT calculations support the pre-formation of a halogen-bonding complex as the initiator of the photochemical transformation. Synthetic applications were developed to extend the utility of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena F. Piedra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de OviedoJulián Clavería 833006 OviedoSpain
| | - Manuel Plaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de OviedoJulián Clavería 833006 OviedoSpain
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6
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Morand S, Lecroq W, Jubault P, Lakhdar S, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S. Organophotocatalysis Enables the Synthesis of gem-Fluorophosphonate Alkenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:8343-8347. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Solène Morand
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - William Lecroq
- Normandie Université, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 6 Boulevard Maréchal Juin, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sami Lakhdar
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Samuel Couve-Bonnaire
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
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7
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Ye M, Xu F, Bai Y, Zhang F, Wang W, Qian Y, Chen Z. Base-promoted highly efficient synthesis of nitrile-substituted cyclopropanes via Michael-initiated ring closure. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28576-28579. [PMID: 36320497 PMCID: PMC9536251 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient and efficient annulation reaction has been developed for the general synthesis of dinitrile-substituted cyclopropanes in moderate to excellent yields. A variety of 2-arylacetonitriles and α-bromoennitriles were compatible under the standard conditions. The reaction was achieved through tandem Michael-type addition followed by intramolecular cyclization. The preliminary application of this method was confirmed by the synthesis of the 2,4-dioxo-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Yun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Fanglian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Yiping Qian
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University341000China+86 797-8793670+86 797-8793670
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8
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Birepinte M, Champagne PA, Paquin J. Photoinitiated
anti
‐Hydropentafluorosulfanylation of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Birepinte
- CCVC, PROTEO Département de chimie Université Laval 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Jean‐François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO Département de chimie Université Laval 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
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9
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Birepinte M, Champagne PA, Paquin JF. Photoinitiated anti-Hydropentafluorosulfanylation of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112575. [PMID: 34716642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A photoinitiated anti-hydropentafluorosulfanylation of terminal alkynes using SF5 Cl and (TMS)3 SiH as the hydrogen atom donor is reported. This transformation generates selectively (Z)-(1-alken-1-yl)pentafluoro-λ6 -sulfanes (Z:E : >85:15), thus allowing the preparation of this previously unknown geometrical isomer. DFT calculations highlight that the selectivity is due to the intrinsic preference of SF5 -substituted vinylic radicals to adopt a cis geometry, and to increased steric contacts during the transition structures leading to the minor (E)-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Birepinte
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
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10
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Lee MT, Lalic G. Mechanism of Z-Selective Hydroalkylation of Terminal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16663-16672. [PMID: 34587735 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a detailed mechanistic study of the silver-catalyzed Z-selective hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes. Considering the established mechanistic paradigms for Z-selective hydroalkylation of alkynes, we explored a mechanism based on the radical carbometalation of alkynes. Experimental results have provided strong evidence against the initially proposed radical mechanism and have led us to propose a new mechanism for the Z-selective hydroalkylation of alkynes based on boronate formation and a 1,2-metalate shift. The new mechanism provides a rationale for the excellent Z-selectivity observed in the reaction. A series of stoichiometric experiments has probed the feasibility of the proposed elementary steps and revealed an additional role of the silver catalyst in the protodeboration of an intermediate. Finally, a series of kinetic measurements, KIE experiments, and competition experiments allowed us to identify the turnover limiting step and the resting state of the catalyst. We believe that the results of this study will be useful in the further exploration and development of related transformations of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell T Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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11
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Yoshida H. Borylation and Stannylation Reactions with Tuning of Lewis Acidity. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3483-3497. [PMID: 34075689 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A B(dan) moiety (dan=naphthalene-1,8-diaminato) of diminished boron-Lewis acidity has efficiently been installed into organic frameworks by three-component carboboration of alkenes under copper catalysis, where a Cu-B(dan) species, generated by chemoselective σ-bond metathesis between a copper catalyst and an unsymmetrical diboron [(pin)B-B(dan)], acts as a key intermediate. The Cu-B(dan) species has also turned out to serve as a B(dan) nucleophile to afford various dan-substituted organoboranes via borylative substitution of carbon electrophiles. Furthermore, borylation reactions with another Lewis acidity-diminished boron unit, B(aam) (aam=anthranilamidato), have become feasible by use of (pin)B-B(aam) or H-B(aam). The resulting dan/aam-substituted organoboranes have been demonstrated to undergo direct cross-coupling without prior acidic deprotection, regardless of their diminished boron-Lewis acidity. Synthesis of diverse organostannanes based upon copper-catalyzed carbostannylation and borylstannylation, in which Lewis acidity increment of a tin center facilitates the progress in some cases, have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshida
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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12
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Gatlik B, Chaładaj W. Pd-Catalyzed Perfluoroalkylative Aryloxycarbonylation of Alkynes with Formates as CO Surrogates. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gatlik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Chaładaj
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Liu L, Ward RM, Schomaker JM. Mechanistic Aspects and Synthetic Applications of Radical Additions to Allenes. Chem Rev 2019; 119:12422-12490. [PMID: 31833759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
More than 50 years have passed since Haszeldine reported the first addition of a trifluoromethyl radical to an allene; in the intervening years, both the chemistry of allenes and the reactivity of single-electron species have become topics of intense interest. In this Review, we provide an overview of the fundamentals of radical additions to allenes and highlight the emergence of theoretical and experimental evidence that reveals unique reactivity patterns for radical additions to allenes as compared with other unsaturated compounds. Factors capable of exerting control over the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities of the attack of carbon- and heteroatom-based radicals at each of the three potential reactive sites in an allene substrate are described. These include reaction conditions, the nature of the attacking radical, the substitution pattern of the allene, and the length of the linker between the radical center and the proximal allene carbon in the substrate. Cycloaddition reactions between allenes and partners containing π-bonds, which are likely to proceed through radical pathways, are presented to highlight their ability to rapidly access complex polycyclic scaffolds. Finally, the synthetic utility of the products arising from these chemistries is described, including their applications to the construction of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Robert M Ward
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Jennifer M Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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14
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Pinchuk D, Kratish Y, Mathew J, Zborovsky L, Bravo-Zhivotovskii D, Tumanskii B, Apeloig Y. Generation and EPR Spectroscopy of the First Silenyl Radicals, R 2 C=Si . -R: Experiment and Theory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7435-7439. [PMID: 30912602 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first two persistent silenyl radicals (R2 C=Si. -R), with a half-life (t1/2 ) of about 30 min, were generated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The large hyperfine coupling constants (hfccs) (a(29 Siα )=137.5-148.0 G) indicate that the unpaired electron has substantial s character. DFT calculations, which are in good agreement with the experimentally observed hfccs, predict a strongly bent structure (∡C=Si-R=134.7-140.7°). In contrast, the analogous vinyl radical, R2 C=C. -R (t1/2 ≈3 h), exhibits a small hfcc (a(13 Cα )=26.6 G) and has a nearly linear geometry (∡C=C-R=168.7°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pinchuk
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Yosi Kratish
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Jomon Mathew
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Lieby Zborovsky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Dmitry Bravo-Zhivotovskii
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Boris Tumanskii
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Apeloig
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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15
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Pinchuk D, Kratish Y, Mathew J, Zborovsky L, Bravo‐Zhivotovskii D, Tumanskii B, Apeloig Y. Generation and EPR Spectroscopy of the First Silenyl Radicals, R
2
C=Si
.
−R: Experiment and Theory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pinchuk
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Yosi Kratish
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Jomon Mathew
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Lieby Zborovsky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Dmitry Bravo‐Zhivotovskii
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Boris Tumanskii
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Yitzhak Apeloig
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum ChemistryTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
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16
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17
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Föll T, Rehbein J, Reiser O. Ir(ppy)3-Catalyzed, Visible-Light-Mediated Reaction of α-Chloro Cinnamates with Enol Acetates: An Apparent Halogen Paradox. Org Lett 2018; 20:5794-5798. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Föll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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18
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Regioselectivity in Reactions between Bis(2-benzothiazolyl)ketone and Vinyl Grignard Reagents: C- versus O-alkylation—Part III. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010171. [PMID: 29342986 PMCID: PMC6017936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction between bis(2-benzothiazolyl)ketone and vinyl Grignard reagents bearing different substituents on the vinyl moiety gave the product derived from attack on the carbonylic carbon- and/or oxygen-atom. The regioselectivity of the attack depends on the kind of substituents bound to the vinylic carbon atoms and on their relative position. The reaction between vinylmagnesium bromide and 2-methyl-1-propenylmagnesium bromide was carried out under different experimental conditions and in the presence of radical scavengers. The results indicate a plausible mechanistic pathway involving radical intermediates in the case of O-alkylation, but a polar ones in the case of classic C-alkylation. This agrees with our previous reports indicating a key role played by the delocalization ability of the substituents bound to the carbonyl group in driving the regioselectivity of the vinylmagnesium bromide attack towards O-alkylation. Further support of this was obtained by diffractometric analysis of four distinct bis(heteroaryl)ketones.
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19
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Rousée K, Pannecoucke X, Gaumont AC, Lohier JF, Morlet-Savary F, Lalevée J, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S, Lakhdar S. Transition metal-free stereospecific access to (E)-(1-fluoro-2-arylvinyl)phosphine borane complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2048-2051. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09673e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of (E)-(1-fluoro-2-arylvinyl)phosphine boranes has been achieved under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
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20
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Yoshida H, Takemoto Y, Kamio S, Osaka I, Takaki K. Copper-catalyzed direct borylation of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl halides with B(dan). Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed reaction of organic halides with an unsymmetrical diboron, (pin)B–B(dan), which leads to the direct formation of masked organoboron compounds, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Yuki Takemoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Shintaro Kamio
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Itaru Osaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Ken Takaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
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21
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Huang JK, Wong YC, Kao TT, Tseng CT, Shia KS. Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Terminal-Capped Alkynyl α-Cyano Alkanone Systems. An Oxygen-Mediated Radical Chain Reaction. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10759-10768. [PMID: 27750001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI)/Co(II)-catalyzed protocol, mechanistically involving a sequence of α-hydrogen abstraction, 5-exo-dig cyclization, oxygen capture, hydrogen transfer, and 1,4-dehydration, has been developed to facilitate aerobic oxidation of aryl-, silyl-, and alkyl-capped alkynyl α-cyano alkanone systems to the corresponding highly functionalized products in an effective manner, thus turning this novel chain reaction, originally occurring spontaneously in low yields, into a practical methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Kai Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Chieh Wong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Ting Kao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Tso Tseng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kak-Shan Shia
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
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22
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Ravelli D, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions via Photogenerated Intermediates. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9850-913. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 724] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ravelli
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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23
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Kong DL, Cheng L, Wu HR, Li YX, Wang D, Liu L. A metal-free yne-addition/1,4-aryl migration/decarboxylation cascade reaction of alkynoates with Csp3–H centers. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2210-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02478a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of alkynoates with different types of radical precursors under metal-free conditions affording single-site-addition poly-substituted alkenes were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Long Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Liang Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hong-Ru Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yang-Xiong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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24
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Jin H, Young CN, Halada GP, Phillips BL, Goroff NS. Synthesis of the Stable Ordered Conjugated Polymer Poly(dibromodiacetylene) from an Explosive Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794‐3400 (USA)
| | - Christopher N. Young
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794‐2275 (USA)
| | - Gary P. Halada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794‐2275 (USA)
| | - Brian L. Phillips
- Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794‐2100 (USA)
| | - Nancy S. Goroff
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794‐3400 (USA)
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25
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Jin H, Young CN, Halada GP, Phillips BL, Goroff NS. Synthesis of the Stable Ordered Conjugated Polymer Poly(dibromodiacetylene) from an Explosive Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14690-5. [PMID: 26447456 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dibromobutadiyne is an extremely unstable compound that explodes at room temperature, even under inert atmosphere. This instability has limited the studies of dibromobutadiyne almost entirely to spectroscopic characterization. Here we report an approach to control the reactivity of dibromobutadiyne, via topochemical reaction in cocrystals, leading to the ordered polymer poly(dibromodiacetylene), PBDA. At low temperatures (-15 to -18 °C), dibromobutadiyne can form cocrystals with oxalamide host molecules containing either pyridyl or nitrile side groups, in which halogen bonds align the dibromobutadiyne monomers for topochemical polymerization. The cocrystals with the bis(nitrile) oxalamide host undergo complete ordered polymerization to PBDA, demonstrated by solid-state MAS-NMR, Raman, and optical absorption spectroscopy. Once formed, the polymer can be separated from the host; unlike the monomer, PBDA is stable at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400 (USA)
| | - Christopher N Young
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275 (USA)
| | - Gary P Halada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275 (USA)
| | - Brian L Phillips
- Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100 (USA)
| | - Nancy S Goroff
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400 (USA).
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26
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Coyle R, McArdle P, Aldabbagh F. Tandem reactions via Barton esters with intermolecular addition and vinyl radical substitution onto indole. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5903-7. [PMID: 24837130 DOI: 10.1021/jo5008543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot initiator-free Barton ester decomposition with tandem radical addition onto alkyl propiolates or phenylacetylene with aromatic substitution of the resultant vinyl radical allows convenient access to new 9-substituted 6,7-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indoles. Propyl radical cyclizations compete when forming the expanded 7,8-dihydro-6H-azepino[1,2-a]indole system. 2-Thiopyridinyl S-radical is incorporated into aromatic adducts when using unsubstituted indole-1-alkanoic acid precursors. X-ray crystallography on substitution products allows selectivity of the radical addition onto less reactive internal alkynes to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Coyle
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland
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27
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Wong YC, Kao TT, Yeh YC, Hsieh BS, Shia KS. Palladium(0)/Copper(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization of Aryl 1-Cyanoalk-5-ynyl Ketone System: Rapid Assembly of Cyclopenta[b]naphthalene and Benzo[b]fluorene Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Li CH, Khairallah GN, Lam AKY, O'Hair RAJ, Kirk BB, Blanksby SJ, da Silva G, Wille U. Reaction of Aromatic Peroxyl Radicals with Alkynes: A Mass Spectrometric and Computational Study Using the Distonic Radical Ion Approach. Chem Asian J 2012; 8:450-64. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Wille U. Radical Cascades Initiated by Intermolecular Radical Addition to Alkynes and Related Triple Bond Systems. Chem Rev 2012; 113:813-53. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Wille
- School of Chemistry and
BIO21 Molecular Science and
Biotechnology Institute, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria
3010, Australia
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30
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Landelle G, Turcotte-Savard MO, Angers L, Paquin JF. Stereoselective Synthesis of Both Stereoisomers of β-Fluorostyrene Derivatives from a Common Intermediate. Org Lett 2011; 13:1568-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200302h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Landelle
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Département de chimie, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Marc-Olivier Turcotte-Savard
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Département de chimie, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Laetitia Angers
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Département de chimie, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Département de chimie, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
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31
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Sebree JA, Kidwell NM, Buchanan EG, Zgierski MZ, Zwier TS. Spectroscopy and ionization thresholds of π-isoelectronic 1-phenylallyl and benzylallenyl resonance stabilized radicals. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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32
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Zhang H, Zhou CB, Chen QY, Xiao JC, Hong R. Monofluorovinyl Tosylate: A Useful Building Block for the Synthesis of Terminal Vinyl Monofluorides via Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling. Org Lett 2010; 13:560-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102645g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang-Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ran Hong
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry and ‡Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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33
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Hopf H, Mlynek C, McMahon RJ, Menke JL, Lesarri A, Rosemeyer M, Grabow JU. On the Trimerization of Cyanoacetylene: Mechanism of Formation of Tricyanobenzene Isomers and Laboratory Detection of Their Radio Spectra. Chemistry 2010; 16:14115-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Shi J, Huang XY, Wang JP, Li R. A Theoretical Study on C−COOH Homolytic Bond Dissociation Enthalpies. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6263-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jp910498y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiong-Yi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jun-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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