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Meena S, Sethi M, Saini S, Kumar K, Saini P, Meena S, Kashyap S, Yadav M, Meena ML, Dandia A, Nirmal NK, Parewa V. Molecular surface-dependent light harvesting and photo charge separation in plant-derived carbon quantum dots for visible-light-driven OH radical generation for remediation of aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants and real wastewater. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:756-770. [PMID: 38271811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite the growing emphasis on eco-friendly nanomaterials as energy harvesters, scientists are actively searching for metal-free photocatalysts to be used in environmental remediation strategies. Developing renewable resource-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as the sole photocatalyst to harvest visible light for efficient pollutant degradation is crucial yet challenging, particularly for addressing the escalating issue of water deterioration. Moreover, the photocatalytic decomposition of H2O2 under visible light irradiation remains an arduous task. Based on this, we designed two types of CQDs, C-CQDs (carboxylic-rich) and A-CQDs (amine-rich) with distinct molecular surfaces. Owing to the higher amount of upward band bending induced by amine-rich molecular surface, A-CQDs efficiently harvest the visible light and prevent recombination kinetics resulting in prolonged lifetimes (25 ps), and augmented charge carrier density (35.7 × 1018) of photoexcited charge carriers. A-CQDs enabled rapid visible-light-driven photolysis of H2O2 (k = 0.058 min-1) and produced higher quantity of •OH radicals (0.158 μmol/sec) for the mineralization of petroleum waste, BETX (i.e. Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene and Xylene) (k = 0.017-0.026 min-1) and real textile wastewater (k = 0.026 min-1). To assess comparative toxicities of both remediated and non-remediated real wastewater samples in a time and dose depended manner, Drosophila melanogaster was used as a model organism. The findings unequivocally demonstrate the potential of remediated wastewater for watering urban forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mukul Sethi
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, Humboldt Str 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Swati Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Sunidhi Kashyap
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Monika Yadav
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mohan Lal Meena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru 575025, India
| | - Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Nirmal
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
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Niu KK, Zhang RZ, Yang XZ, Ma CQ, Liu H, Yu S, Xing LB. Nitrogen-doped Carbon Dots as Efficient Photocatalysts for High Selectivity of Dehalogenative Oxyalkylation of Styrene. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202301686. [PMID: 38135666 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a type of carbon-based luminescent material with a zero-dimensional structure and a size of less than 10 nm, which are composed of sp2 /sp3 hybrid carbon nuclei and surface functional groups. Because CDs has strong photoluminescence and good light absorption in the ultraviolet and near visible regions, it is an excellent candidate for photocatalytic applications. However, the use of nonmetallic doped CDs as photosensitizers for direct photocatalytic organic reactions has been limited to several scattered reports. Herein, we present nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) that has a capability for not only produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical (O2 ⋅- ) and singlet oxygen (1 O2 ), but also provide an unprecedented high activity of dehalogenative oxyalkylation of styrene with a yield of 93 %. This work develops a novel opportunity to utilize cost-effective and easily accessible CDs for the advancement of photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Xuan-Zong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Qun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shengsheng Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P. R. China
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Rezaei A, Zheng H, Majidian S, Samadi S, Ramazani A. Chiral Pseudohomogeneous Catalyst Based on Amphiphilic Carbon Quantum Dots for the Enantioselective Kharasch-Sosnovsky Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54373-54385. [PMID: 37963325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The term "chiral pseudohomogeneous catalyst (PHC)" denotes a novel concept that characterizes subnanometric particles exhibiting atomic-level chirality. The PHC based on chiral amphiphilic carbon quantum dots possesses distinctive features that combine the strengths of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, thereby heralding a significant breakthrough in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and medicinal chemistry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and the only reported research of a chiral PHC that demonstrates exceptional performance in controlling the enantioselectivity of the Kharasch-Sosnovsky reaction, yielding the corresponding products in high conversion (95%) with a moderate enantiomeric excess (75%). Notably, the chiral information on l-tryptophan can be effectively transferred from the outer shell of the nanosized catalyst, thereby inducing enantioselectivity in C-H activation and subsequent C-O forming events. Additionally, we have investigated the impact of various factors on the allylic oxidation reaction, including the amount, diversity, and hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of the catalyst, as well as the influence of the solvent, Cu salts, temperature, and the type of alkene and perester, in order to comprehensively explore the reaction conditions. Furthermore, the catalyst can be readily recycled from the reaction medium, making this PHC a promising innovation that can significantly impact practical applications. In summary, this breakthrough can be aptly described as a "Golden Gate" due to its unparalleled potential to open up novel avenues for research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Rezaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Shiva Majidian
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Saadi Samadi
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
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Bartolomei B, Prato M. The Importance of the Purification Step and the Characterization of the Products in the Synthesis of Carbon Nanodots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206714. [PMID: 36808805 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the synthesis of carbon nanodots (CNDs), the critical step of the purification from the starting materials and unwanted side products is faced. In the exciting race toward new and interesting CNDs, this problem is often underestimated, leading to false properties and erroneous reports. In fact, on many occasions, the properties described for novel CNDs derive from impurities not completely eliminated during the purification process. Dialysis, for instance, is not always helpful, especially if the side products are not soluble in water. In this Perspective, the importance of the purification and characterization steps, in order to obtain solid reports and reliable procedures, is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bartolomei
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Center for the Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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Rocco D, Moldoveanu VG, Feroci M, Bortolami M, Vetica F. Electrochemical Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots. ChemElectroChem 2023; 10:e202201104. [PMID: 37502311 PMCID: PMC10369859 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202201104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CDs) are "small" carbon nanostructures with excellent photoluminescence properties, together with low-toxicity, high biocompatibility, excellent dispersibility in water as well as organic solvents. Due to their characteristics, CDs have been studied for a plethora of applications as biosensors, luminescent probes for photodynamic and photothermal therapy, fluorescent inks and many more. Moreover, the possibility to obtain carbon dots from biomasses and/or organic waste has strongly promoted the interest in this class of carbon-based nanoparticles, having a promising impact in the view of circular economy and sustainable processes. Within this context, electrochemistry proved to be a green, practical, and efficient method for the synthesis of high-quality CDs, with the possibility to fine-tune their characteristics by changing operational parameters. This review outlines the principal and most recent advances in the electrochemical synthesis of CDs, focusing on the electrochemical set-up optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Rocco
- Department of Mechanic and Aerospace EngineeringSapienza University of Romevia Eudossiana Roma, 180084RomeItaly
| | | | - Marta Feroci
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI)Sapienza University of Romevia Castro Laurenziano, 700161RomeItaly
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI)Sapienza University of Romevia Castro Laurenziano, 700161RomeItaly
| | - Fabrizio Vetica
- Department of ChemistrySapienza University of Romepiazzale Aldo Moro, 500185RomeItaly
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Zhao Z, Pieber B, Delbianco M. Modulating the Surface and Photophysical Properties of Carbon Dots to Access Colloidal Photocatalysts for Cross-Couplings. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxiang Zhao
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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