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Crevillen AG, Mayorga‐Martinez CC, Vaghasiya JV, Pumera M. 3D-Printed SARS-CoV-2 RNA Genosensing Microfluidic System. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 7:2101121. [PMID: 35539284 PMCID: PMC9073965 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing technology, referred as 3D printing technology, is a growing research field with broad applications from nanosensors fabrication to 3D printing of buildings. Nowadays, the world is dealing with a pandemic and requires the use of simple sensing systems. Here, the strengths of fast screening by a lab-on-a-chip device through electrochemical detection using 3D printing technology for SARS-CoV-2 sensing are combined. This system comprises a PDMS microfluidic channel integrated with an electrochemical cell fully 3D-printed by a 3D printing pen (3D-PP). The 3D-PP genosensor is modified with an ssDNA probe that targeted the N gene sequence of SARS-CoV-2. The sensing mechanism relies on the electro-oxidation of adenines present in ssDNA when in contact with SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The hybridization between ssDNA and target RNA takes a place and ssDNA is desorbed from the genosensor surface, causing a decrease of the sensor signal. The developed SARS-CoV-2/3D-PP genosensor shows high sensitivity and fast response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín G. Crevillen
- Center for Advanced Functional NanorobotsDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 5Prague 6166 28Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)MadridE‐28040Spain
| | - Carmen C. Mayorga‐Martinez
- Center for Advanced Functional NanorobotsDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 5Prague 6166 28Czech Republic
| | - Jayraj V. Vaghasiya
- Center for Advanced Functional NanorobotsDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 5Prague 6166 28Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional NanorobotsDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 5Prague 6166 28Czech Republic
- Department of Medical ResearchChina Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityNo. 91 Hsueh‐Shih RoadTaichungTaiwan
- Future Energy and Innovation LaboratoryCentral European Institute of TechnologyBrno University of TechnologyPurkynova 656/123BrnoCZ‐616 00Czech Republic
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Escobar A, Chiu P, Qu J, Zhang Y, Xu CQ. Integrated Microfluidic-Based Platforms for On-Site Detection and Quantification of Infectious Pathogens: Towards On-Site Medical Translation of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Platforms. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1079. [PMID: 34577722 PMCID: PMC8470930 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The rapid detection and quantification of infectious pathogens is an essential component to the control of potentially lethal outbreaks among human populations worldwide. Several of these highly infectious pathogens, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have been cemented in human history as causing epidemics or pandemics due to their lethality and contagiousness. SARS-CoV-2 is an example of these highly infectious pathogens that have recently become one of the leading causes of globally reported deaths, creating one of the worst economic downturns and health crises in the last century. As a result, the necessity for highly accurate and increasingly rapid on-site diagnostic platforms for highly infectious pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2, has grown dramatically over the last two years. Current conventional non-microfluidic diagnostic techniques have limitations in their effectiveness as on-site devices due to their large turnaround times, operational costs and the need for laboratory equipment. In this review, we first present criteria, both novel and previously determined, as a foundation for the development of effective and viable on-site microfluidic diagnostic platforms for several notable pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. This list of criteria includes standards that were set out by the WHO, as well as our own "seven pillars" for effective microfluidic integration. We then evaluate the use of microfluidic integration to improve upon currently, and previously, existing platforms for the detection of infectious pathogens. Finally, we discuss a stage-wise means to translate our findings into a fundamental framework towards the development of more effective on-site SARS-CoV-2 microfluidic-integrated platforms that may facilitate future pandemic diagnostic and research endeavors. Through microfluidic integration, many limitations in currently existing infectious pathogen diagnostic platforms can be eliminated or improved upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Escobar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (A.E.); (J.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Phyllis Chiu
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Jianxi Qu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (A.E.); (J.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yushan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (A.E.); (J.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chang-qing Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (A.E.); (J.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
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Choi Y, Hwang JH, Lee SY. Recent Trends in Nanomaterials-Based Colorimetric Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria and Viruses. SMALL METHODS 2018; 2:1700351. [PMID: 32328530 PMCID: PMC7169612 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.201700351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, selective, convenient, and cost-effective pathogen diagnosis is important to prevent further spread of pandemic diseases, minimize social and economic losses, and to facilitate right clinical therapy. Over the past few years, various sensor-based diagnostic systems outperforming conventional pathogenic diagnostic assays have been developed. Among them, colorimetric biosensors detecting target molecules by the naked eye have attracted much attention due to their simplicity, practicality, and cost-effectiveness. Recently, nanomaterials have been adopted as a versatile signal transduction and amplification tool for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Here, recent trends and advances are reviewed in detecting and diagnosing pathogenic bacteria and viruses using colorimetric biosensors employing various nanomaterials. In addition, it is discussed how nanomaterials and bioreceptors can be better integrated together to develop rapid and sensitive colorimetric detection system in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Choi
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), and Institute for the BioCenturyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Hwang
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), and Institute for the BioCenturyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), and Institute for the BioCenturyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
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Nge PN, Rogers CI, Woolley AT. Advances in microfluidic materials, functions, integration, and applications. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2550-83. [PMID: 23410114 PMCID: PMC3624029 DOI: 10.1021/cr300337x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 504] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N. Nge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Chad I. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Adam T. Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
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Lee KG, Lee TJ, Jeong SW, Choi HW, Heo NS, Park JY, Park TJ, Lee SJ. Development of a plastic-based microfluidic immunosensor chip for detection of H1N1 influenza. SENSORS 2012; 12:10810-9. [PMID: 23112630 PMCID: PMC3472858 DOI: 10.3390/s120810810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip can provide convenient and accurate diagnosis tools. In this paper, a plastic-based microfluidic immunosensor chip for the diagnosis of swine flu (H1N1) was developed by immobilizing hemagglutinin antigen on a gold surface using a genetically engineered polypeptide. A fluorescent dye-labeled antibody (Ab) was used for quantifying the concentration of Ab in the immunosensor chip using a fluorescent technique. For increasing the detection efficiency and reducing the errors, three chambers and three microchannels were designed in one microfluidic chip. This protocol could be applied to the diagnosis of other infectious diseases in a microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung G. Lee
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering (NICE), National NanoFab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mails: (K.G.L.); (T.J.L.); (S.W.J.); (H.W.C.)
| | - Tae Jae Lee
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering (NICE), National NanoFab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mails: (K.G.L.); (T.J.L.); (S.W.J.); (H.W.C.)
| | - Soon Woo Jeong
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering (NICE), National NanoFab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mails: (K.G.L.); (T.J.L.); (S.W.J.); (H.W.C.)
| | - Ho Woon Choi
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering (NICE), National NanoFab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mails: (K.G.L.); (T.J.L.); (S.W.J.); (H.W.C.)
| | - Nam Su Heo
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jung Youn Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang, Busan 619-705, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (T.J.P.); (S.J.L.); Tel.: +82-42-879-9683; Fax: +82-42-879-9609
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering (NICE), National NanoFab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mails: (K.G.L.); (T.J.L.); (S.W.J.); (H.W.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (T.J.P.); (S.J.L.); Tel.: +82-42-879-9683; Fax: +82-42-879-9609
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Heo NS, Zheng S, Yang M, Lee SJ, Lee SY, Kim HJ, Park JY, Lee CS, Park TJ. Label-free electrochemical diagnosis of viral antigens with genetically engineered fusion protein. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2012; 12:10097-108. [PMID: 23112590 PMCID: PMC3472818 DOI: 10.3390/s120810097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a simple electrochemical biosensing strategy for the label-free diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) on a gold electrode surface. Gold-binding polypeptide (GBP) fused with single-chain antibody (ScFv) against HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), in forms of genetically engineered protein, was utilized. This GBP-ScFv fusion protein can directly bind onto the gold substrate with the strong binding affinity between the GBP and the gold surface, while the recognition site orients toward the sample for target binding at the same time. Furthermore, this one-step immobilization strategy greatly simplifies a fabrication process without any chemical modification as well as maintaining activity of biological recognition elements. This system allows specific immobilization of proteins and sensitive detection of targets, which were verified by surface plasmon resonance analysis and successfully applied to electrochemical cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy upto 0.14 ng/mL HBsAg.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Immobilized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Immobilized/genetics
- Antibodies, Immobilized/metabolism
- Antibodies, Viral/chemistry
- Antibodies, Viral/genetics
- Antibodies, Viral/metabolism
- Antigens, Viral/analysis
- Antigens, Viral/chemistry
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Biosensing Techniques/instrumentation
- Biosensing Techniques/methods
- Electrochemical Techniques/instrumentation
- Electrochemical Techniques/methods
- Gold/chemistry
- Hepatitis B virus/immunology
- Peptides/chemistry
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/metabolism
- Protein Engineering
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Single-Chain Antibodies/chemistry
- Single-Chain Antibodies/genetics
- Single-Chain Antibodies/metabolism
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Su Heo
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; E-Mails: (N.S.H.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.L.)
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Shun Zheng
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; E-Mails: (N.S.H.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - MinHo Yang
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; E-Mails: (N.S.H.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Center for Nanobio Integration & Convergence Engineering, National Nanofab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; E-Mails: (N.S.H.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.L.)
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), Department of Bio & Brain Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics Research Center, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biotechnology, and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Hwa-Jung Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, 6 Moonhwa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jung Youn Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI), 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang, Busan 619-705, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Oita I, Halewyck H, Thys B, Rombaut B, Vander Heyden Y, Mangelings D. Microfluidics in macro-biomolecules analysis: macro inside in a nano world. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:239-64. [PMID: 20549494 PMCID: PMC7079953 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Use of microfluidic devices in the life sciences and medicine has created the possibility of performing investigations at the molecular level. Moreover, microfluidic devices are also part of the technological framework that has enabled a new type of scientific information to be revealed, i.e. that based on intensive screening of complete sets of gene and protein sequences. A deeper bioanalytical perspective may provide quantitative and qualitative tools, enabling study of various diseases and, eventually, may offer support for the development of accurate and reliable methods for clinical assessment. This would open the way to molecule-based diagnostics, i.e. establish accurate diagnosis and disease prognosis based on identification and/or quantification of biomacromolecules, for example proteins or nucleic acids. Finally, the development of disposable and portable devices for molecule-based diagnosis would provide the perfect translation of the science behind life-science research into practical applications dedicated to patients and health practitioners. This review provides an analytical perspective of the impact of microfluidics on the detection and characterization of bio-macromolecules involved in pathological processes. The main features of molecule-based diagnostics and the specific requirements for the diagnostic devices are discussed. Further, the techniques currently used for testing bio-macromolecules for potential diagnostic purposes are identified, emphasizing the newest developments. Subsequently, the challenges of this type of application and the status of commercially available devices are highlighted, and future trends are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Oita
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
| | - Hadewych Halewyck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
| | - Bert Thys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
| | - Bart Rombaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
| | - Debby Mangelings
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090 Belgium
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Mairhofer J, Roppert K, Ertl P. Microfluidic systems for pathogen sensing: a review. SENSORS 2009; 9:4804-23. [PMID: 22408555 PMCID: PMC3291940 DOI: 10.3390/s90604804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Rapid pathogen sensing remains a pressing issue today since conventional identification methodsare tedious, cost intensive and time consuming, typically requiring from 48 to 72 h. In turn, chip based technologies, such as microarrays and microfluidic biochips, offer real alternatives capable of filling this technological gap. In particular microfluidic biochips make the development of fast, sensitive and portable diagnostic tools possible, thus promising rapid and accurate detection of a variety of pathogens. This paper will provide a broad overview of the novel achievements in the field of pathogen sensing by focusing on methods and devices that compliment microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Mairhofer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kriemhilt Roppert
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +43-(0)50550-4305; Fax: +43-(0)50550-4399
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