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Stutz H. Advances and applications of electromigration methods in the analysis of therapeutic and diagnostic recombinant proteins – A Review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 222:115089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2
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Wasalathanthri DP, Shah R, Ding J, Leone A, Li ZJ. Process analytics 4.0: A paradigm shift in rapid analytics for biologics development. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 37:e3177. [PMID: 34036755 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Analytical testing of product quality attributes and process parameters during the biologics development (Process analytics) has been challenging due to the rapid growth of biomolecules with complex modalities to support unmet therapeutic needs. Thus, the expansion of the process analytics tool box for rapid analytics with the deployment of cutting-edge technologies and cyber-physical systems is a necessity. We introduce the term, Process Analytics 4.0; which entails not only technology aspects such as process analytical technology (PAT), assay automation, and high-throughput analytics, but also cyber-physical systems that enable data management, visualization, augmented reality, and internet of things (IoT) infrastructure for real time analytics in process development environment. This review is exclusively focused on dissecting high-level features of PAT, automation, and data management with some insights into the business aspects of implementing during process analytical testing in biologics process development. Significant technological and business advantages can be gained with the implementation of digitalization, automation, and real time testing. A systematic development and employment of PAT in process development workflows enable real time analytics for better process understanding, agility, and sustainability. Robotics and liquid handling workstations allow rapid assay and sample preparation automation to facilitate high-throughput testing of attributes and molecular properties which are otherwise challenging to monitor with PAT tools due to technological and business constraints. Cyber-physical systems for data management, visualization, and repository must be established as part of Process Analytics 4.0 framework. Furthermore, we review some of the challenges in implementing these technologies based on our expertise in process analytics for biopharmaceutical drug substance development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruchir Shah
- Global Process Development Analytics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julia Ding
- Global Process Development Analytics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony Leone
- Global Process Development Analytics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Analytical Development & Attribute Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Delvaux C, Dauvin M, Boulanger M, Quinton L, Mengin-Lecreulx D, Joris B, Pauw ED, Far J. Use of Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Coupled to Electrospray Mass Spectrometry for the Detection and Absolute Quantitation of Peptidoglycan-Derived Peptides in Bacterial Cytoplasmic Extracts. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2342-2350. [PMID: 33470796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptidoglycan (PGN) is an essential structure found in the bacterial cell wall. During the bacterial life cycle, PGN continuously undergoes biosynthesis and degradation to ensure bacterial growth and division. The resulting PGN fragments (muropeptides and peptides), which are generated by the bacterial autolytic system, are usually transported into the cytoplasm to be recycled. On the other hand, PGN fragments can act as messenger molecules involved in the bacterial cell wall stress response as in the case of β-lactamase induction in the presence of β-lactam antibiotic or in triggering mammalian innate immune response. During their cellular life, bacteria modulate their PGN degradation by their autolytic system or their recognition by the mammalian innate immune system by chemically modifying their PGN. Among these modifications, the amidation of the ε-carboxyl group of meso-diaminopimelic acid present in the PGN peptide chain is frequently observed. Currently, the detection and quantitation of PGN-derived peptides is still challenging because of the difficulty in separating these highly hydrophilic molecules by RP-HPLC as these compounds are eluted closely after the column void volume or coeluted in many cases. Here, we report the use of capillary zone electrophoresis coupled via an electrospray-based CE-MS interface to high-resolution mass spectrometry for the quantitation of three PGN peptides of interest and their amidated derivatives in bacterial cytoplasmic extracts. The absolute quantitation of the tripeptide based on the [13C,15N] isotopically labeled standard was also performed in crude cytoplasmic extracts of bacteria grown in the presence or absence of a β-lactam antibiotic (cephalosporin C). Despite the high complexity of the samples, the repeatability of the CZE-MS quantitation results was excellent, with relative standard deviations close to 1%. The global reproducibility of the method including biological handling was better than 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Delvaux
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marjorie Dauvin
- Centre for Protein Engineering, InBioS Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Madeleine Boulanger
- Centre for Protein Engineering, InBioS Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Quinton
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Bernard Joris
- Centre for Protein Engineering, InBioS Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, Quartier Agora, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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4
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Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies by Capillary Electrophoresis: Sample Preparation, Separation, and Detection. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are dominating the biopharmaceutical field due to the fact of their high specificity in the treatment of diverse diseases. Nevertheless, mAbs are very complex glycoproteins exhibiting several macro- and microheterogeneities that may affect their safety, quality, and efficacy. This complexity is very challenging for mAbs development, formulation, and quality control. To tackle the quality issue, a combination of multiple analytical approaches is necessary. In this perspective, capillary electrophoresis has gained considerable interest over the last decade due to the fact of its complementary features to chromatographic approaches. This review provides an overview of the strategies of mAbs and derivatives analysis by capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to ultraviolet, fluorescence, and mass spectrometry detection. The main sample preparation approaches used for mAb analytical characterization (i.e., intact, middle-up/down, and bottom-up) are detailed. The different electrophoretic modes used as well as integrated analysis approaches (sample preparation and separation) are critically discussed.
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5
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Wang Q, Slaney TR, Wu W, Ludwig R, Tao L, Leone A. Enhancing Host-Cell Protein Detection in Protein Therapeutics Using HILIC Enrichment and Proteomic Analysis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10327-10335. [PMID: 32614163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics approaches have been widely used to identify residual host-cell proteins (HCPs) in support of process and product characterization for protein therapeutics. Particularly, these methods can provide a general and unbiased approach for the detection of HCPs and may generate critical information on HCPs that are outside the coverage provided by a conventional immunoassay. A significant technical hurdle for HCP analysis is the overwhelmingly large background of biotherapeutic that obscures HCP detection and quantification. In this work, we developed a method that relies on hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) for HCP enrichment followed by in situ concentration and digestion prior to LC-MS analysis. This approach has enabled detection of HCPs in a drug substance that were not observed in other conventional flow rate LC-MS strategies. For example, 28% of HCPs identified in NISTmAb (20 out of 71) were not previously published or identified by established methods such as the native digestion technique. For an IgG1 protein spiked with 1000 ppm HCP standards, we detected 83 HCPs, 61 out of which were not identified by the native digestion method. Similar improvement in performance was demonstrated for an Fc-fusion protein therapeutic. Our method can be readily implemented in most protein mass spectrometry laboratories to support process development for protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas R Slaney
- Biophysical and Chemical Characterization Center of Excellence, Analytical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Biophysical and Chemical Characterization Center of Excellence, Analytical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Richard Ludwig
- Biophysical and Chemical Characterization Center of Excellence, Analytical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Li Tao
- Biophysical and Chemical Characterization Center of Excellence, Analytical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Anthony Leone
- Biophysical and Chemical Characterization Center of Excellence, Analytical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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7
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Gusenkov S, Stutz H. Top-down and bottom-up characterization of nitrated birch pollen allergen Bet v 1a with CZE hyphenated to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1190-1200. [PMID: 29389018 PMCID: PMC6175448 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine (Tyr) residues of the major pollen allergen of birch Betula verrucosa, Bet v 1a, were nitrated by peroxynitrite. This modification enhances the allergenicity. Modified tyrosines were identified by analyzing intact allergen variants in combination with top‐down and bottom‐up approaches. Therefore, a laboratory‐built sheath‐liquid assisted ESI interface was applied for hyphenation of CE to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer to localize individual nitration sites. The major focus was on identification of primary nitration sites. The top‐down approach unambiguously identified Tyr 5 as the most prominent modification site. Fragments from the allergen core and the C‐terminal part carried up to three potential nitration sites, respectively. Thus, a bottom‐up approach with tryptic digest was used as a complementary strategy which allowed for the unambiguous localization of nitration sites within the respective peptides. Nitration propensity for individual Tyr residues was addressed by comparison of MS signals of nitrated peptides relative to all cognates of homolog primary sequence. Combined data identified surface exposed Tyr 5 and Tyr 66 as major nitration sites followed by less accessible Tyr 158 whereas Tyr 81, 83 and 150 possess a lower nitration tendency and are apparently modified in variants with higher nitration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Gusenkov
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hanno Stutz
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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8
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Dada OO, Zhao Y, Jaya N, Salas-Solano O. High-Resolution Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Mass Spectrometry Peptide Mapping of Therapeutic Proteins: Improved Separation with Mixed Aqueous–Aprotic Dipolar Solvents (N,N-Dimethylacetamide and N,N-Dimethylformamide) as the Background Electrolyte. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11227-11235. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin O. Dada
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Yimeng Zhao
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Nomalie Jaya
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Oscar Salas-Solano
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
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9
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Dada OO, Zhao Y, Jaya N, Salas-Solano O. High-Resolution Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Mass Spectrometry Peptide Mapping of Therapeutic Proteins: Peptide Recovery and Post-translational Modification Analysis in Monoclonal Antibodies and Antibody–Drug Conjugates. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11236-11242. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin O. Dada
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Yimeng Zhao
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Nomalie Jaya
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
| | - Oscar Salas-Solano
- Department of Analytical
Sciences, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98021, United States
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10
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Zhang Z, Albanetti T, Linkous T, Larkin CJ, Schoner R, McGivney JB, Dovichi NJ. Comprehensive analysis of host cell impurities in monoclonal antibodies with improved sensitivity by capillary zone electrophoresis mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:401-407. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Notre Dame; Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Thomas Albanetti
- BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune LLC; One MedImmune Way; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Travis Linkous
- BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune LLC; One MedImmune Way; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Christopher J. Larkin
- BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune LLC; One MedImmune Way; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Ronald Schoner
- BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune LLC; One MedImmune Way; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - James B. McGivney
- BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune LLC; One MedImmune Way; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Norman J Dovichi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Notre Dame; Notre Dame IN USA
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11
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Zhu G, Sun L, Heidbrink-Thompson J, Kuntumalla S, Lin HY, Larkin CJ, McGivney JB, Dovichi NJ. Capillary zone electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry detects low concentration host cell impurities in monoclonal antibodies. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:616-22. [PMID: 26530276 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated CZE-ESI-MS/MS for detection of trace amounts of host cell protein impurities in recombinant therapeutics. Compared to previously published procedures, we have optimized the buffer pH used in the formation of a pH junction to increase injection volume. We also prepared a 5-point calibration curve by spiking 12 standard proteins into a solution of a human mAb. A custom CZE-MS/MS system was used to analyze the tryptic digest of this mixture without depletion of the antibody. CZE generated a ∼70-min separation window (∼90-min total analysis duration) and ∼300-peak capacity. We also analyzed the sample using ultra-performance LC-MS/MS. CZE-MS/MS generated approximately five times higher base peak intensity and more peptide identifications for low-level spiked proteins. Both methods detected all proteins spiked at ∼100 ppm level with respect to the antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Hung-yu Lin
- Department of Analytical Biotechnology, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - James B McGivney
- Department of Analytical Biotechnology, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Norman J Dovichi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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12
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Týčová A, Ledvina V, Klepárník K. Recent advances in CE-MS coupling: Instrumentation, methodology, and applications. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:115-134. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Týčová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Ledvina
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Karel Klepárník
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
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13
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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Recent applications of capillary electromigration methods to separation and analysis of proteins. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 933:23-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Macchi FD, Yang F, Li C, Wang C, Dang AN, Marhoul JC, Zhang HM, Tully T, Liu H, Yu XC, Michels DA. Absolute Quantitation of Intact Recombinant Antibody Product Variants Using Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10475-82. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank D. Macchi
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Feng Yang
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Charlene Li
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Inc., 2425 New Holland Pike, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17601, United States
| | - Anh Nguyen Dang
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph C. Marhoul
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hui-min Zhang
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Timothy Tully
- Purification
Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - X. Christopher Yu
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David A. Michels
- Protein
Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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15
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Farrell A, Mittermayr S, Morrissey B, Mc Loughlin N, Navas Iglesias N, Marison IW, Bones J. Quantitative host cell protein analysis using two dimensional data independent LC-MS(E). Anal Chem 2015; 87:9186-93. [PMID: 26280711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Host cell proteins (HCPs) are bioprocess-related impurities arising from cell-death or secretion from nonhuman cells used for recombinant protein production. Clearance of HCPs through downstream purification (DSP) is required to produce safe and efficacious therapeutic proteins. While traditionally measured using anti-HCP ELISA, more in-depth approaches for HCP characterization may ensure that risks to patients from HCPs are adequately assessed. Mass spectrometry methods provide rationale for targeted removal strategies through the provision of both qualitative and quantitative HCP information. A high pH, low pH, reversed-phase data independent 2D-LC-MS(E) proteomic platform was applied to determine HCP repertoires in the Protein A purified monoclonal antibody (mAb) samples as a function of culture harvest time, elution buffer used for DSP and also following inclusion of additional DSP steps. Critical quality attributes (CQAs) were examined for mAbs purified with different Protein A elution buffers to ensure that the selected buffers not only minimized the HCP profile but also exhibited no adverse effect on product quality. Results indicated that an arginine based Protein A elution buffer minimized the levels of HCPs identified and quantified in a purified mAb sample and also demonstrated no impact on product CQAs. It was also observed that mAbs harvested at later stages of cell culture contained higher concentrations of HCPs but that these were successfully removed by the addition of DSP steps complementary to Protein A purification. Taken together, our results showed how mass spectrometry based methods for HCP determination in conjunction with careful consideration of processing parameters such as harvest time, Protein A elution buffers, and subsequent DSP steps can reduce the HCP repertoire of therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Farrell
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland.,School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Stefan Mittermayr
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Morrissey
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niaobh Mc Loughlin
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natalia Navas Iglesias
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada , Avenue Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ian W Marison
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bones
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Madsen JA, Farutin V, Carbeau T, Wudyka S, Yin Y, Smith S, Anderson J, Capila I. Toward the complete characterization of host cell proteins in biotherapeutics via affinity depletions, LC-MS/MS, and multivariate analysis. MAbs 2015; 7:1128-37. [PMID: 26291024 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1082017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Host cell protein (HCP) impurities are generated by the host organism during the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins, and are difficult to remove completely. Though commonly present in small quantities, if levels are not controlled, HCPs can potentially reduce drug efficacy and cause adverse patient reactions. A high resolution approach for thorough HCP characterization of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies is presented herein. In this method, antibody samples are first depleted via affinity enrichment (e.g., Protein A, Protein L) using milligram quantities of material. The HCP-containing flow-through is then enzymatically digested, analyzed using nano-UPLC-MS/MS, and proteins are identified through database searching. Nearly 700 HCPs were identified from samples with very low total HCP levels (< 1 ppm to ∼ 10 ppm) using this method. Quantitation of individual HCPs was performed using normalized spectral counting as the number of peptide spectrum matches (PSMs) per protein is proportional to protein abundance. Multivariate analysis tools were utilized to assess similarities between HCP profiles by: 1) quantifying overlaps between HCP identities; and 2) comparing correlations between individual protein abundances as calculated by spectral counts. Clustering analysis using these measures of dissimilarity between HCP profiles enabled high resolution differentiation of commercial grade monoclonal antibody samples generated from different cell lines, cell culture, and purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yan Yin
- a Momenta Pharmaceuticals ; Cambridge , MA USA
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17
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Tamizi E, Jouyban A. The potential of the capillary electrophoresis techniques for quality control of biopharmaceuticals-A review. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:831-58. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Tamizi
- Biotechnology Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmacy Faculty and Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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18
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Lindenburg PW, Haselberg R, Rozing G, Ramautar R. Developments in Interfacing Designs for CE–MS: Towards Enabling Tools for Proteomics and Metabolomics. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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