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Chan WH, Yau LF, Meng XY, Chan KM, Jiang ZH, Wang JR. Robust quantitation of gangliosides and sulfatides in human brain using UHPLC-MRM-MS: Method development and application in Alzheimer's disease. Talanta 2023; 256:124264. [PMID: 36689895 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides (GAs) and sulfatides (STs) are acidic glycosphingolipids that are particularly abundant in the nervous system and are closely related to aging and neurodegenerative disorders. To explore their roles in brain diseases, in-depth molecular profiling, including structural variations of sphingoid backbone, fatty acyl group, and sugar chain of GAs and STs was performed. A total of 210 GAs and 38 STs were characterized in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) of human brain, with 90 GAs discovered in brain tissues for the first time. Influential MS parameters for detecting GAs and STs in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode were systematically examined and optimized to minimize in-source fragmentation, resulting in remarkable signal intensity enhancement for GAs and STs, especially for polysialylated species. To eliminate analytical variations, isotopic interference-free internal standards were prepared by simple and fast reduction reaction. The final established method facilitated the simultaneous quantitation of 184 GAs and 30 STs from 25 subtypes, which represents the highest number of GAs quantitated among all quantitation methods recorded in literature so far. The method was further validated and applied to reveal the aberrant change of GAs and STs in the IFG of 12 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Four GAs exhibited high classification capacity for AD (AUC ≥0.80) and were thereby considered the most promising signatures for AD. These findings suggested the close correlation between GAs and the pathogenesis of AD, highlighting the achievements of our robust method for investigating the roles of GAs and STs in various physiological states and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Him Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Lee-Fong Yau
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Xiong-Yu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Ka-Man Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Jing-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Nix C, Ghassemi M, Crommen J, Fillet M. Overview on microfluidics devices for monitoring brain disorder biomarkers. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gangliosides as Biomarkers of Human Brain Diseases: Trends in Discovery and Characterization by High-Performance Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020693. [PMID: 35054879 PMCID: PMC8775466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are effective biochemical markers of brain pathologies, being also in the focus of research as potential therapeutic targets. Accurate brain ganglioside mapping is an essential requirement for correlating the specificity of their composition with a certain pathological state and establishing a well-defined set of biomarkers. Among all bioanalytical methods conceived for this purpose, mass spectrometry (MS) has developed into one of the most valuable, due to the wealth and consistency of structural information provided. In this context, the present article reviews the achievements of MS in discovery and structural analysis of gangliosides associated with severe brain pathologies. The first part is dedicated to the contributions of MS in the assessment of ganglioside composition and role in the specific neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A large subsequent section is devoted to cephalic disorders (CD), with an emphasis on the MS of gangliosides in anencephaly, the most common and severe disease in the CD spectrum. The last part is focused on the major accomplishments of MS-based methods in the discovery of ganglioside species, which are associated with primary and secondary brain tumors and may either facilitate an early diagnosis or represent target molecules for immunotherapy oriented against brain cancers.
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Lu Y, Lin L, Ye J. Human metabolite detection by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100205. [PMID: 35118368 PMCID: PMC8792281 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites are important biomarkers in human body fluids, conveying direct information of cellular activities and physical conditions. Metabolite detection has long been a research hotspot in the field of biology and medicine. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), based on the molecular “fingerprint” of Raman spectrum and the enormous signal enhancement (down to a single-molecule level) by plasmonic nanomaterials, has proven to be a novel and powerful tool for metabolite detection. SERS provides favorable properties such as ultra-sensitive, label-free, rapid, specific, and non-destructive detection processes. In this review, we summarized the progress in recent 10 years on SERS-based sensing of endogenous metabolites at the cellular level, in tissues, and in biofluids, as well as drug metabolites in biofluids. We made detailed discussions on the challenges and optimization methods of SERS technique in metabolite detection. The combination of SERS with modern biomedical technology were also anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Ica R, Munteanu CV, Vukelic Z, Zamfir AD. High-resolution mass spectrometry reveals a complex ganglioside pattern and novel polysialylated structures associated with the human motor cortex. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:205-214. [PMID: 34516313 DOI: 10.1177/14690667211040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We have developed here a superior methodology based on high-resolution mass spectrometry for screening and fragmentation analysis of gangliosides extracted and purified from the human motor cortex . The experiments, conducted on a nanoelectrospray Orbitrap mass spectroscope in the negative ion mode, allowed the discrimination in the native mixture extracted from human motor cortex of no less than 83 different gangliosides, which represents the highest number of structures identified so far in this brain region. The spectral data, acquired in high-resolution mass spectrometry mode with a remarkable sensitivity and an average mass accuracy of 4.48 ppm, also show that the gangliosidome of motor cortex is generally characterized by species exhibiting a much higher degree of sialylation than previously known. Motor cortex was found dominated by complex structures with a sialylation degree ≥3, exhibiting long saccharide chains, in the G1 class. Fucogangliosides and species with the glycan chain elongated by either O-acetylation and/or acetate anion attachments were also detected; the later modification was for the first time discovered in this brain region. Of major significance is the identification of hepta and octasialylated species of GS1 and GO1 type, which are among the structures with the longest oligosaccharide chain discovered so far in the human brain. In the last stage of research, tandem mass spectrometry performed by higher energy collision dissociation provided structural data documenting the occurrence of GT1b (d18:1/20:0) isomer in the human motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ica
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, 124255West University of Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Zeljka Vukelic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb Medical School, Croatia
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Romania
- "Aurel Vlaicu"University of Arad, Romania
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