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Wu X, Tian Y, Zhu H, Xu P, Zhang J, Hu Y, Ji X, Yan R, Yue H, Sang N. Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives. TOXICS 2023; 11:1000. [PMID: 38133401 PMCID: PMC10748066 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive disorders are considered a global health problem influenced by physiological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The increased exposure to bisphenols, a chemical used in large quantities for the production of polycarbonate plastics, has raised concerns regarding health risks in humans, particularly their endocrine-disrupting effects on female reproductive health. To provide a basis for future research on environmental interference and reproductive health, we reviewed relevant studies on the exposure patterns and levels of bisphenols in environmental matrices and humans (including susceptible populations such as pregnant women and children). In addition, we focused on in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies evaluating the effects of bisphenols on the female reproductive system (the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina). The results indicate that bisphenols cause structural and functional damage to the female reproductive system by interfering with hormones; activating receptors; inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis; and triggering epigenetic changes, with the damaging effects being intergenerational. Epidemiological studies support the association between bisphenols and diseases such as cancer of the female reproductive system, reproductive dysfunction, and miscarriage, which may negatively affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Altogether, this review provides a reference for assessing the adverse effects of bisphenols on female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yuchai Tian
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huizhen Zhu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Pengchong Xu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Jiyue Zhang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yangcheng Hu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China;
| | - Ruifeng Yan
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huifeng Yue
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Nan Sang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
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Xu B, He T, Yang H, Dai W, Liu L, Ma X, Ma J, Yang G, Si R, Du X, Fu X, Pei X. Activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway protects against oxidative stress and excessive autophagy in ovarian granulosa cells to attenuate DEHP-induced ovarian impairment in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115534. [PMID: 37776821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used in various plastics but has been demonstrated to cause female reproductive toxicity. However, the exact mechanism underlying the ovarian damage induced by DEHP remains unclear. In this study, DEHP was administered orally to 5-week-old female mice for 30 days at doses of 0, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day. The findings demonstrated that DEHP exposure disrupted ovarian function and follicular development as well as induced oxidative stress and autophagy in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). Further, 200 µM mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the primary metabolite of DEHP in vivo, induced autophagy in both human ovarian granulosa cells line (KGN) and mouse primary GCs within 24 h in vitro. However, it did not affect the p62-dependent autophagy flux. Furthermore, MEHP-induced autophagy was inhibited by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and exacerbated by the autophagy activator rapamycin, indicating that MEHP induces excessive autophagy in GCs. Subsequently, we found that MEHP-induced autophagic cell death was primarily attributed to oxidative damage from elevated intracellular ROS levels. Meanwhile, MEHP exposure induced nuclear translocation of erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor (Nrf2), a key regulator of antioxidant activity resulting in activating antioxidant effects. Interestingly, we also found that MEHP-induced increase in p62 competitively binds Keap1, thereby facilitating nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and establishing a positive feedback loop in antioxidant regulation. Therefore, this study demonstrated that inhibition of Nrf2 could aggravate oxidative damage and enhance excessive autophagy caused by MEHP, while activation of Nrf2 could reverse the trend. These findings have also been reinforced in studies of cultured ovaries in vitro. Our study suggests that the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may serve as a potential protective mechanism against DEHP-induced oxidative stress and excessive autophagy in mouse GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tiantian He
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ling Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiaxue Ma
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Guoqin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Rui Si
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xing Du
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xufeng Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuying Pei
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Della Rocca Y, Traini EM, Diomede F, Fonticoli L, Trubiani O, Paganelli A, Pizzicannella J, Marconi GD. Current Evidence on Bisphenol A Exposure and the Molecular Mechanism Involved in Related Pathological Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030908. [PMID: 36986769 PMCID: PMC10053246 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the so-called endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of different morbid conditions: immune-mediated disorders, type-2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanism of action of bisphenol A, with a special focus on mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and adipogenesis. Its uses will be assessed in various fields: dental, orthopedic, and industrial. The different pathological or physiological conditions altered by BPA and the related molecular pathways will be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Matteo Traini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessia Paganelli
- PhD Course in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Jacopo Pizzicannella
- Department of Engineering and Geology, University “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Viale Pindaro 42, 65127 Pescara, Italy
| | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Abdallah S, Jampy A, Moison D, Wieckowski M, Messiaen S, Martini E, Campalans A, Radicella JP, Rouiller-Fabre V, Livera G, Guerquin MJ. Foetal exposure to the bisphenols BADGE and BPAF impairs meiosis through DNA oxidation in mouse ovaries. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120791. [PMID: 36464114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many endocrine disruptors have been proven to impair the meiotic process which is required for the production of healthy gametes. Bisphenol A is emblematic of such disruptors, as it impairs meiotic prophase I and causes oocyte aneuploidy following in utero exposure. However, the mechanisms underlying these deleterious effects remain poorly understood. Furthermore, the increasing use of BPA alternatives raises concerns for public health. Here, we investigated the effects of foetal exposure to two BPA alternatives, bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), on oogenesis in mice. These compounds delay meiosis initiation, increase the number of MLH1 foci per cell and induce oocyte aneuploidy. We further demonstrate that these defects are accompanied by changes in gene expression in foetal premeiotic germ cells and aberrant mRNA splicing of meiotic genes. We observed an increase in DNA oxidation after exposure to BPA alternatives. Specific induction of oxidative DNA damage during foetal germ cell differentiation causes similar defects during oogenesis, as observed in 8-oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase (OGG1)-deficient mice or after in utero exposure to potassium bromate (KBrO3), an inducer of oxidative DNA damage. The supplementation of BPA alternatives with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) counteracts the effects of bisphenols on meiosis. Together, our results propose oxidative DNA lesion as an event that negatively impacts female meiosis with major consequences on oocyte quality. This could be a common mechanism of action for numerous environmental pro-oxidant pollutants, and its discovery, could lead to reconsider the adverse effect of bisphenol mixtures that are simultaneously present in our environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Abdallah
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Amandine Jampy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Delphine Moison
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Margaux Wieckowski
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Sébastien Messiaen
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Emmanuelle Martini
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Anna Campalans
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Juan Pablo Radicella
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Virginie Rouiller-Fabre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Gabriel Livera
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France
| | - Marie-Justine Guerquin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Université de Paris-Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 92260, Fontenay aux Roses, France; Laboratory of the Development of the Gonads, France.
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Li MH, Wang JJ, Feng YQ, Liu X, Yan ZH, Zhang XJ, Wen YX, Luo HW, Li L, De Felici M, Zhao AH, Shen W. H3K4me3 as a target of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) impairing primordial follicle assembly. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136811. [PMID: 36220427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plastics additive that growing evidence indicates as endocrine disruptor able to negatively affect various reproductive processes both in female and male animals, including humans. However, the precise molecular mechanism of such actions is not completely understood. In the present study, scRNA-seq was performed on the ovaries of offspring from mothers exposed to DEHP from 16.5 days post coitum to 3 days post-partum, when the primordial follicle (PF) stockpile is established. While the histological observations of the offspring ovaries from DEHP exposed mothers confirmed previous data about a distinct reduction of oocytes enclosed in PFs. Focusing on oocytes, scRNA-seq analyses showed that the genes that mostly changed by DEHP were enriched GO terms related to histone H3-K4 methylation. Moreover, we observed H3K4me3 level, an epigenetics modification of H3 that is crucial for chromatin transcription, decreased by 40.28% (P < 0.01) in DEHP-treated group compared with control. When the newborn ovaries were cultured in vitro, the DEHP effects were abolished by tamoxifen (an estrogen receptor antagonist) or overexpression of Smyd3 (one specific methyltransferase of H3K4me3), in particular, the percentage of oocyte enclosed in PF was increased by 15.39% in DEHP plus Smyd3 overexpression group than of DEHP group (P < 0.01), which was accompanied by the upregulation of H3K4me3. Collectively, the present results discover Smyd3-H3K4me3 as a novel target of the deleterious ER-mediated effect of DEHP on PF formation during early folliculogenesis in the mouse and highlight epigenetics changes as prominent targets of endocrine disruptors like DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yan-Qin Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zi-Hui Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ya-Xin Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Hao-Wei Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.
| | - Ai-Hong Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Xue R, Li S, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Cao Y. Melatonin attenuates di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced apoptosis of human granulosa cells by inhibiting mitochondrial fission. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 113:18-29. [PMID: 35952901 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most used plasticizers which have contaminated environment widely, and its extensive use causes female reproductive injury. Melatonin has a substantial protective effect against female reproductive toxicity. This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of melatonin on DEHP-induced damage of human granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro and explore the potential mechanisms. Here, we found that melatonin treatment alleviated DEHP-induced human GCs apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function via inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mediated mitochondrial fission. Melatonin inhibited the expression, activation and oligomerization of Drp1, which decreased translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria in DEHP-exposed human GCs. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, sustained mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cytochrome c release. Further research showed that AMPK-PGC-1α signal pathway was involved in the inhibition of melatonin on Drp1 expression and activation. Melatonin treatment promoted AMPK activation suppressed by DEHP, and activated AMPK recovered the balance of Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616 and Ser637 sites and enhanced PGC-1α expression. Moreover, PGC-1α could prevent mitochondrial fission by decreasing Drp1 expression directly via binding to its promoter. In contrast, blocking of AMPK or PGC-1α with specific inhibitor negated the protective effects of melatonin on mitochondrial homeostasis and GCs apoptosis. In summary, our results indicated the protective effects of melatonin on improving mitochondrial function and attenuating cells injury in DEHP-exposed human GCs. Melatonin treatment may be a promising therapeutic approach against DEHP-induced reproductive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufeng Xue
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Shuhang Li
- Department of Oncology of The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China; Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Pogrmic-Majkic K, Samardzija Nenadov D, Tesic B, Fa Nedeljkovic S, Kokai D, Stanic B, Andric N. Mapping DEHP to the adverse outcome pathway network for human female reproductive toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2799-2813. [PMID: 35790550 PMCID: PMC9352620 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) and AOP networks are tools for mechanistic presentation of toxicological effects across different levels of biological organization. These tools are used to better understand how chemicals impact human health. In this study, a four-step workflow was used to derive the AOP network of human female reproductive toxicity (HFRT-AOP) from five AOPs available in the AOP-Wiki and ten AOPs obtained from the literature. Standard network analysis identified key events (KEs) that are point of convergence and divergence, upstream and downstream KEs, and bottlenecks across the network. To map di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) to the HFRT-AOP network, we extracted DEHP target genes and proteins from the Comparative Toxicogenomic and the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard databases. Enriched GO terms analysis was used to identify relevant biological processes in the ovary that are DEHP targets, whereas screening of scientific literature was performed manually and automatically using AOP-helpFinder. We combined this information to map DEHP to HFRT-AOP network to provide insight on the KEs and system-level perturbations caused by this endocrine disruptor and the emergent paths. This approach can enable better understanding of the toxic mechanism of DEHP-induced human female reproductive toxicity and reveal potential novel DEHP female reproductive targets for experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pogrmic-Majkic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Dragana Samardzija Nenadov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Biljana Tesic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Fa Nedeljkovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dunja Kokai
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stanic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
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8
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Ara C, Asmatullah, Ramzan N, Ali S, Shakir HA, Liaqat I, Iqbal A, Yaseen F, Shahzad N. Black coffee mitigates diethyl phthalate disrupted folliculogenesis, reduced gonadotropins, and ovarian lesions in female albino mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47254-47266. [PMID: 35182336 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are multifunctional compounds with extensive applications and emerging environmental pollutants. Due to their ubiquity in the environment and unavoidable exposure to humans, concerns have been voiced about public health dangers. This study was aimed to explore the diethyl phthalate (DEP) toxicity and the potential protective effect of black coffee in female Swiss albino mice. Four-week-old mice, weighing 12 ± 1 g were segregated into five groups (n = 10), designated as G-I (without any treatment), G-II (treated with corn oil), G-III (exposed to 1.5 mg/g body wt. (B.W.) DEP), G-IV (received 2 μg/g B.W coffee), and G-V (co-administrated with 1.5 mg/g DEP and 2 μg/g B.W coffee). Before dose administration, the coffee extract was assessed for its antioxidant potential through FRAP, TPC, and GC-MS analyses. Respective phthalates/coffee doses were administrated orally, once a day for 8 weeks consecutively starting from the prepubescent stage. After 56 days, mice were acclimated for 4 days then dissected. Morphological assessments showed an irregular shape of the ovaries in DEP-treated mice as compared to the control. The average bodyweight of DEP-intoxicated mice (p ≤ 0.05) increased notably against control, while DEP plus coffee group showed a regular gain in the average weight of mice. The gonado-somatic index showed non-significant variations among all groups. Micrometric studies showed that the diameter of secondary follicles (115 µm) in the ovaries of DEP-exposed mice (p ≤ 0.001) decreased significantly as compared to control (204 µm); conversely, follicular diameter in the coffee control group (248) increased significantly. Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly increased in DEP-exposed mice with a noteworthy decrease in estrogen level while hormonal levels of all other groups were comparable to control. Histological sections of DEP-exposed mice ovaries showed anatomical disruptions contrary to other groups, which were comparable with control. Antioxidant potential was checked in ovaries homogenates; FRAP values showed a notable decrease in DEP group in comparison with the control group, in contrast to G-V, when DEP was co-administrated with coffee. This study concluded that black coffee has protective effect, against DEP-instigated reproductive toxicity in Swiss albino female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asmatullah
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nageena Ramzan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Iram Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asia Iqbal
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaseen
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nida Shahzad
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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9
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Liu YN, Qin Y, Wu B, Peng H, Li M, Luo H, Liu LL. DNA Methylation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome:Emerging Evidence and Challenges. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 111:11-19. [PMID: 35562068 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disease related to reproductive endocrine abnormalities in women of reproductive age, often accompanied by metabolic diseases such as hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. However, the etiology and mechanism of PCOS are still unclear. In recent years, more and more studies have found that epigenetic factors play an important role in PCOS. DNA methylation is the most widely studied epigenetic modification. At present, changes of DNA methylation have been found in serum, ovarian, hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue of PCOS patients, and these changes are closely related to insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and follicular development of PCOS. Although the current research on DNA methylation in PCOS is not in-depth, it indicated up a good direction for future research on the etiology and mechanism of PCOS. This review discussed the relationship between DNA methylation and PCOS. It is expected to help accelerate the application of DNA methylation in the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Nan Liu
- Nursing School, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Faculty of Nursing, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning,530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Nursing School, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Nursing School, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Luo
- School of Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Liu
- Faculty of Nursing, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning,530200, Guangxi, China.
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10
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Basso CG, de Araujo-Ramos AT, Martino-Andrade AJ. Exposure to phthalates and female reproductive health: a literature review. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 109:61-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Schwartz CL, Christiansen S, Hass U, Ramhøj L, Axelstad M, Löbl NM, Svingen T. On the Use and Interpretation of Areola/Nipple Retention as a Biomarker for Anti-androgenic Effects in Rat Toxicity Studies. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:730752. [PMID: 35295101 PMCID: PMC8915873 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.730752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Areola/nipple retention (NR) is an established biomarker for an anti-androgenic mode of action in rat toxicity studies. It is a mandatory measurement under several OECD test guidelines and is typically assessed in combination with anogenital distance (AGD). Both NR and AGD are considered retrospective biomarkers of insufficient androgen signaling during the masculinization programming window in male fetuses. However, there are still aspects concerning NR as a biomarker for endocrine disruption that remains to be clarified. For instance, can NR be regarded a permanent adverse effect? Is it a redundant measurement if AGD is assessed in the same study? Is NR equally sensitive and specific to anti-androgenic chemical substances as a shortening of male AGD? In this review we discuss these and other aspects concerning the use of NR as a biomarker in toxicity studies. We have collected available literature from rat toxicity studies that have reported on NR and synthesized the data in order to draw a clearer picture about the sensitivity and specificity of NR as an effect biomarker for an anti-androgenic mode of action, including comparisons to AGD measurements. We carefully conclude that NR and AGD in rats for the most part display similar sensitivity and specificity, but that there are clear exceptions which support the continued assessment of both endpoints in relevant reproductive toxicity studies. Available literature also support the view that NR in infant male rats signifies a high risk for permanent nipples in adulthood. Finally, the literature suggests that the mechanisms of action leading from a chemical stressor event to either NR or short AGD in male offspring are overlapping with respect to canonical androgen signaling, yet differ with respect to other mechanisms of action.
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12
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Liu JC, Xing CH, Xu Y, Pan ZN, Zhang HL, Zhang Y, Sun SC. DEHP exposure to lactating mice affects ovarian hormone production and antral follicle development of offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125862. [PMID: 34492810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plastic additive and it could induce reproduction defects and fertility in mammals as environmental endocrine disruptor. However, the effects and potential mechanism of DEHP exposure during lactation stage on follicular development of offspring are still unclear. In this study, we found that the total primordial follicle number and antral follicles in the suckling of mice exposed to DEHP during lactation was significantly reduced. RNA-seq analysis results showed that the transcription levels of genes related to steroid production, ovarian hormone secretion and oxidative stress were significantly changed, which led to a decrease in 17β-estradiol and an increase in oxidative stress. The proportion of DNA damage marker γH2AX in the ovary of female suckling exposed to DEHP was significantly increased. We also found an increase in the level of ovarian apoptosis, and the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells was inhibited. These alterations also lead to abnormal spindle and chromosome misalignment during oocyte maturation. Overall, our data indicate that lactation exposure to DEHP can affect the secretion of hormones and the development of antral follicles in suckling mice by affecting the secretion pathways of ovarian hormone enzymes and oxidative stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chun-Hua Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hao-Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhang FL, Kong L, Zhao AH, Ge W, Yan ZH, Li L, De Felici M, Shen W. Inflammatory cytokines as key players of apoptosis induced by environmental estrogens in the ovary. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:111225. [PMID: 33971129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic environmental estrogens (EEs), interfering with the physiological functions of the body's estrogens, are widespread and are rising much concern for their possible deleterious effects on human and animal health, in particular on reproduction. In fact, increasing evidence indicate that EEs can be responsible for a variety of disfunctions of the reproductive system especially in females such as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Because of their great structural diversity, the modes of action of EEs are controversial. One important way through which EEs exert their effects on reproduction is the induction of apoptosis in the ovary. In general, EEs can exert pro-and anti-apoptotic effects by agonizing or antagonizing numerous estrogen-dependent signaling pathways. In the present work, results concerning apoptotic pathways and diseases induced by representative EEs (such as zearalenone, bisphenol A and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate), in ovaries throughout development are presented into an integrated network. By reviewing and elaborating these studies, we propose inflammatory factors, centered on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as a major cause of the induction of apoptosis by EEs in the mammalian ovary. As a consequence, potential strategies to prevent such EE effect are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Li Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Li Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ai-Hong Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zi-Hui Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy.
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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14
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Monget P, McNatty K, Monniaux D. The Crazy Ovary. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:928. [PMID: 34207147 PMCID: PMC8234655 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From fetal life until senescence, the ovary is an extremely active tissue undergoing continuous structural and functional changes. These ever-changing events are best summarized by a quotation attributed to Plato when describing motion in space and time-'nothing ever is but is always becoming…'. With respect to the ovary, these changes include, at the beginning, the processes of follicular formation and thereafter those of follicular growth and atresia, steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, and decisions relating to the number of mature oocytes that are ovulated for fertilization and the role of the corpus luteum. The aims of this review are to offer some examples of these complex and hitherto unknown processes. The ones herein have been elucidated from studies undertaken in vitro or from normal in vivo events, natural genetic mutations or after experimental inactivation of gene function. Specifically, this review offers insights concerning the initiation of follicular growth, pathologies relating to poly-ovular follicles, the consequences of premature loss of germ cells or oocytes loss, the roles of AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) genes in regulating follicular growth and ovulation rate together with species differences in maintaining luteal function during pregnancy. Collectively, the evidence suggests that the oocyte is a key organizer of normal ovarian function. It has been shown to influence the phenotype of the adjacent somatic cells, the growth and maturation of the follicle, and to determine the ovulation rate. When germ cells or oocytes are lost prematurely, the ovary becomes disorganized and a wide range of pathologies may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Monget
- UMR INRAE-CNRS-IFCE-Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France;
| | - Ken McNatty
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
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15
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Wang H, Yang X, Li J, Qi Z, Liu B, Liu W, Xu B, Xu Z, Deng Y. Research progress on the effect of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on reproductive health at different periods in life. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:RD20135. [PMID: 33941309 DOI: 10.1071/rd20135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a representative endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that has reproductive, developmental, neurological and immune toxicity in humans and rodents, of which damage to the reproductive system is the most serious. However, exposure to DEHP at different stages of life may produce different symptoms. Studies on this substance are also controversial. This review describes the reproductive effects of DEHP in males and females at different life stages, including infancy, childhood and adulthood.
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16
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Ovarian Toxicity and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Phthalates and Their Metabolites. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:236-249. [PMID: 33877540 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ovary plays an important role in the female reproductive system. The maintenance and regulation of ovarian function are affected by various physical and chemical factors. With the development of industrialization, environmental pollutants have caused great harm to public health. Phthalates, as a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are synthesized and used in large quantities as plasticizers due to their chemical properties. They are easily released into environment because of their noncovalent interactions with substances, causing human exposure and possibly impairing ovary. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the role of epigenetics in the occurrence and development of diseases. And it is urgent to study the role of methylation, gene imprinting, miRNA, and other epigenetic mechanisms in reproductive toxicology.
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17
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Zhang Y, Li S, Wu J, Peng Y, Bai J, Ning B, Wang X, Fang Y, Han D, Ren S, Li S, Chen R, Li K, Du H, Gao Z. The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 plays a vital role in BPA-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112026. [PMID: 33582411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a typical environmental endocrine disruptor that can migrate into organisms through skin contact, breathing, diet and various other approaches. The reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity of BPA has been confirmed by several toxicological studies. However, the neurotoxicity of BPA is still controversial. In the present study, we used PC12 cells as a model to investigate the mechanism of BPA-induced neuronal apoptosis. BPA exposure reduced cell viability, altered cell morphology and aggravated intracellular Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis and the reduction in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm). Moreover, the results of the Western blot (WB) and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays indicated that the expression levels of Nur77 in the BPA group were down-regulated and accompanied by the downregulation of the NF-κb/Bcl-2 proteins and the upregulation of cleaved-caspase 3, which is a marker of apoptosis. However, these changes were significantly reversed with the upregulation of the Nur77 protein by introducing plasmids carrying the nur77 gene. These results indicated that BPA-induced apoptosis was closely related to Nur77-mediated inhibition of the NF-κb/Bcl-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China; Nankai University School of Medicine, Nan Kai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Jialei Bai
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Baoan Ning
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Yanjun Fang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Dianpeng Han
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Shuyue Ren
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Sen Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Ruipeng Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Kang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China
| | - Hongwei Du
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nan Kai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, 1 Da Li Road, Tianjin 300050, PR China.
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18
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Khaghani AJ, Farrokh P, Zavareh S. Epigenetic effects of Bisphenol A on granulosa cells of mouse follicles during in vitro culture: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:129-136. [PMID: 33718757 PMCID: PMC7922291 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i2.8471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemical, is a reproductive toxicant. Granulosa cells have significant roles in follicle development, and KIT ligand (KITL) and Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are essential biomolecules produced by them during folliculogenesis. Objective Due to the widespread use of BPA and its potential epigenetic effects, this study examined the impact of BPA on promoter methylation of amh and kitl genes in mouse granulosa cells. Materials and Methods Preantral follicles were isolated from ovaries of immature mice and cultured for eight days. Then, follicles were treated with 50 and 100 μM of BPA, and 0.01% (v/v) ethanol for 24 and 72 hr. Growth and degeneration of follicles and antrum formation were analyzed. The granulosa cells were isolated mechanically, and their extracted DNA was treated with sodium bisulfite. The promoter regions of the amh and kitl were analyzed with PCR and sequencing. Results BPA did not change follicle survival and antrum formation significantly (p = 0.41). However, the culture in the presence of 100 μM BPA had an inhibitory effect on growth. Before BPA treatment, the CpG of the kitl and amh promoters were unmethylated and partially methylated, respectively. While the percent of 5mC in the amh promoter reduced at 100 μM of BPA, it did not alter the kitl promoter methylation. Conclusion BPA at higher concentrations has an inhibitory effect on follicle growth. Moreover, it seems that the epigenetic impact of BPA restricts to the demethylation of CpG sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parisa Farrokh
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Saeed Zavareh
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
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Wang JJ, Tian Y, Li MH, Feng YQ, Kong L, Zhang FL, Shen W. Single-cell transcriptome dissection of the toxic impact of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on primordial follicle assembly. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4992-5009. [PMID: 33754040 PMCID: PMC7978297 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Accumulated evidence indicates that environmental plasticizers are a threat to human and animal fertility. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer to which humans are exposed daily, can trigger reproductive toxicity by acting as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. In mammals, the female primordial follicle pool forms the lifetime available ovarian reserve, which does not undergo regeneration once it is established during the fetal and neonatal period. It is therefore critical to examine the toxicity of DEHP regarding the establishment of the ovarian reserve as it has not been well investigated. Methods: The ovarian cells of postnatal pups, following maternal DEHP exposure, were prepared for single cell-RNA sequencing, and the effects of DEHP on primordial follicle formation were revealed using gene differential expression analysis and single-cell developmental trajectory. In addition, further biochemical experiments, including immunohistochemical staining, apoptosis detection, and Western blotting, were performed to verify the dataset results. Results: Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we revealed the gene expression dynamics of female germ cells and granulosa cells following exposure to DEHP in mice. Regarding germ cells: DEHP impeded the progression of follicle assembly and interfered with their developmental status, while key genes such as Lhx8, Figla, and others, strongly evidenced the reduction. As for granulosa cells: DEHP likely inhibited their proliferative activity, and activated the regulation of cell death. Furthermore, the interaction between ovarian cells mediated by transforming growth factor-beta signaling, was disrupted by DEHP exposure, since the expression of GDF9, BMPR1A, and SMAD3 was affected. In addition, DNA damage and apoptosis were elevated in germ cells and/or somatic cells. Conclusion: These findings offer substantial novel insights into the reproductive toxicity of DEHP exposure during murine germ cell cyst breakdown and primordial follicle formation. These results may enhance the understanding of DEHP exposure on reproductive health.
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Liu JC, Yan ZH, Li B, Yan HC, De Felici M, Shen W. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate impairs primordial follicle assembly by increasing PDE3A expression in oocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116088. [PMID: 33234378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is known that Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) may impact mammalian reproduction and that in females one target of the drug's action is follicle assembly. Here we revisited the phthalate's action on the ovary and from bioinformatics analyses of the transcriptome performed on newborn mouse ovaries exposed in vitro to DEHP, up-regulation of PDE3A, as one of the most important alterations caused by DEHP on early folliculogenesis, was identified. We obtained some evidence suggesting that the decrease of cAMP level in oocytes and the parallel decrease of PKA expression, consequent on the PDE3A increase, were a major cause of the reduction of follicle assembly in the DEHP-exposed ovaries. In fact, Pde3a RNAi on cultured ovaries reducing cAMP and PKA decrease counteracted the primordial follicle assembly impairment caused by the compound. Moreover, RNAi normalized the level of Kit, Nobox, Figla mRNA and GDF9, BMP15, CX37, γH2AX proteins in oocytes, and KitL transcripts in granulosa cells as well as their proliferation rate altered by DEHP exposure. Taken together, these results identify PDE3A as a new critical target of the deleterious effects of DEHP on early oogenesis in mammals and highlight cAMP-dependent pathways as major regulators of oocyte and granulosa cell activities crucial for follicle assembly. Moreover, we suggest that the level of intracellular cAMP in the oocytes may be an important determinant for their capability to repair DNA lesions caused by DNA damaging compounds including DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zi-Hui Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Bo Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Hong-Chen Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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21
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Dai XY, Zhu SY, Li MZ, Talukder M, Zhao Y, Li JL. Potential Role of Lycopene in the Inhibition of Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate-Induced Ferroptosis in Spleen Via Modulation of Iron Ion Homeostasis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:386-395. [PMID: 33615188 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a synthetic chemical and widely used as a plasticizer. Humans can be exposed to DEHP through direct contact or environmental contamination. Lycopene (Lyc) has been discussed as a potential effector in the prevention and therapy of various diseases. 140 male mice were assigned into control, vehicle control, Lyc (5 mg/kg BW/d), DEHP (500 and 1000 mg/kg BW/d, respectively), and DEHP + Lyc groups and treated with an oral gavage that lasted 28 d. The ultrastructural results showed that DEHP induced pathological changes and mitochondrial injuries. We further revealed that DEHP exposure destroyed the Fe2+ imbalance homeostasis and, consequently, increases of lipid peroxidation and inhibition of cysteine/glutamate antiporter, all of which were involved in the process of ferroptsis. Moreover, the supplementation of Lyc significantly inhibited the ferroptsis changes mentioned above. Altogether, these results indicated that DEHP exposure triggered splenic cell death via ferroptosis; meanwhile, they also shed new evidence on a potential clue for the intervention and prevention of DEHP-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Zi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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22
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Song Y, Li R. Effects of Environment and Lifestyle Factors on Anovulatory Disorder. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1300:113-136. [PMID: 33523431 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-4187-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anovulatory disorder comprises around 30% of female infertility. The origin of ovulatory failure is rooted in pituitary FSH secretion. Any factor or process that disrupts the finely tuned interactions of hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis can potentially lead to anovulation. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified anovulatory disorders into three categories: hypothalamic-pituitary failure, hypothalamic-pituitary dysregulation, and ovarian failure. Due to industrial development, environmental pollution, and global warming, the human living environment has undergone tremendous changes. Industrial waste, noise, pesticides, fertilizers, and vehicular emission are visible pollutants responsible for environmental contamination and ill effects on health of all living systems. A considerable body of research suggests that chemical exposures in the environment or workplace may be associated with endocrine disruption of the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, or elimination of natural hormones. For instance, some advanced biological mechanisms suggest that heavy metals may affect progesterone production, which possibly disturbs endocrine function in pregnant women. On the other hand, our lifestyle factors have also changed accordingly, which greatly influence overall health and well-being, including fertility. Many lifestyle factors such as nutrition, weight, exercise, and psychological stress can have substantial effects on female ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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23
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Shi Y, Qi W, Xu Q, Wang Z, Cao X, Zhou L, Ye L. The role of epigenetics in the reproductive toxicity of environmental endocrine disruptors. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:78-88. [PMID: 33217042 DOI: 10.1002/em.22414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) seriously endanger human health by interfering with the normal function of reproductive systems. In males, EEDs can affect sperm formation and semen quality as well spermatogenesis, ultimately reducing fertility. In females, EEDs can affect uterine development and the expression levels of reproduction-related genes, ultimately reducing female fertility and the normal development of the fetus. There are a large number of putative mechanisms by which EEDs can induce reproductive toxicity, and many studies have shown the involvement of epigenetics. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, genomic imprinting, chromatin remodeling and histone modification in the reproductive toxicity of EEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wen Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolian Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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The Influence of Environmental Factors on Ovarian Function, Follicular Genesis, and Oocyte Quality. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1300:41-62. [PMID: 33523429 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-4187-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) exist ubiquitously in the environment. Epidemiological data suggest that the increasing prevalence of infertility may be related to the numerous chemicals. Exposure to EDCs may have significant adverse impacts on the reproductive system including fertility, ovarian reserve, and sex steroid hormone levels. This chapter covers the common exposure ways, the origins of EDCs, and their effects on ovarian function, follicular genesis, and oocyte quality. Furthermore, we will review the origin and the physiology of ovarian development, as well as explore the mechanisms in which EDCs act on the ovary from human and animal data. And then, we will focus on the bisphenol A (BPA), which has been shown to reduce fertility and ovarian reserve, as well as disrupt steroidogenesis in animal and human models. Finally, we will discuss the future direction of prevention and solution methods.
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25
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Wu LJ, Teng XM, Yao YC, Liu C, Du YY, Deng TR, Yuan XQ, Zeng Q, Li YF, Guo N. Maternal preconception phthalate metabolite concentrations in follicular fluid and neonatal birth weight conceived by women undergoing in vitro fertilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115584. [PMID: 33254621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to phthalates during gestation has been associated with decreased birth weight among offspring. However, the associations between preconception phthalate metabolites in follicular fluid (FF) and offspring birth weight among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) remain largely unknown. Here, we explored the associations between preconception phthalate metabolite concentrations in FF and the birth weights of singletons and twins among women undergoing IVF. We recruited 147 female participants who gave birth to 90 singletons and 57 twin infants at the Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, between November and December 2016. Each participant was asked to complete a questionnaire at the time of recruitment and provide a FF sample on the day of oocyte retrieval. The FF concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Birth outcomes were abstracted from medical records. The associations between phthalate metabolites in FF and birth weights of the singleton and twin groups were evaluated using generalized linear models (GLMs). We found that birth weight in the twin group had negative dose-response associations with maternal preconception monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) in FF (both P for trends < 0.05) and that birth weight in the singleton group had positive dose-response associations with monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono(2-ethyl-5 hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) in FF (both P for trends < 0.05). These associations persisted when we modeled as continuous variables. In addition, we observed male-specific association between decreased twin birth weight and MEOHP and MBzP and a female-specific associations between increased singleton birth weight and MEP, MEHHP and the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) (all P for interactions < 0.05). Preconception phthalate metabolites in maternal FF may affect the birth weights of both singleton and twin newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Jing Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Teng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang-Cheng Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yao-Yao Du
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tao-Ran Deng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Yuan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Na Guo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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26
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Hlisníková H, Petrovičová I, Kolena B, Šidlovská M, Sirotkin A. Effects and Mechanisms of Phthalates' Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6811. [PMID: 32961939 PMCID: PMC7559247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The production of plastic products, which requires phthalate plasticizers, has resulted in the problems for human health, especially that of reproductive health. Phthalate exposure can induce reproductive disorders at various regulatory levels. The aim of this review was to compile the evidence concerning the association between phthalates and reproductive diseases, phthalates-induced reproductive disorders, and their possible endocrine and intracellular mechanisms. Phthalates may induce alterations in puberty, the development of testicular dysgenesis syndrome, cancer, and fertility disorders in both males and females. At the hormonal level, phthalates can modify the release of hypothalamic, pituitary, and peripheral hormones. At the intracellular level, phthalates can interfere with nuclear receptors, membrane receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and modulate gene expression associated with reproduction. To understand and to treat the adverse effects of phthalates on human health, it is essential to expand the current knowledge concerning their mechanism of action in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrieta Hlisníková
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.P.); (B.K.); (M.Š.); (A.S.)
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27
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Roth Z, Komsky-Elbaz A, Kalo D. Effect of environmental contamination on female and male gametes - A lesson from bovines. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200041. [PMID: 33029217 PMCID: PMC7534576 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and foodborne contaminants are environmental pollutants that are considered reproductive toxicants due to their deleterious effects on female and male gametes. Among the EDCs, the phthalate plasticizers are of growing concern. In-vivo and in-vitro models indicate that the oocyte is highly sensitive to phthalates. This review summarizes the effects of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its major metabolite mono(2-ethyhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) on the oocyte. MEHP reduces the proportion of oocytes that fertilize, cleave and develop to the blastocyst stage. This is associated with negative effects on meiotic progression, and disruption of cortical granules, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial reorganization. MEHP alters mitochondrial membrane polarity, increases reactive oxygen species levels and induces alterations in genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation. A carryover effect from the oocyte to the blastocyst is manifested by alterations in the transcriptomic profile of blastocysts developed from MEHP-treated oocytes. Among foodborne contaminants, the pesticide atrazine (ATZ) and the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are of high concern. The potential hazards associated with exposure of spermatozoa to these contaminants and their carryover effect to the blastocyst are described. AFB1 and ATZ reduce spermatozoa's viability, as reflected by a high proportion of cells with damaged plasma membrane; induce acrosome reaction, expressed as damage to the acrosomal membrane; and interfere with mitochondrial function, characterized by hyperpolarization of the membrane. ATZ and AFB1-treated spermatozoa show a high proportion of cells with fragmented DNA. Exposure of spermatozoa to AFB1 and ATZ reduces fertilization and cleavage rates, but not that of blastocyst formation. However, fertilization with AFB1- or ATZ-treated spermatozoa impairs transcript expression in the formed blastocysts, implying a carryover effect. Taken together, the review indicates the risk of exposing farm animals to environmental contaminants, and their deleterious effects on female and male gametes and the developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvi Roth
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alisa Komsky-Elbaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dorit Kalo
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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28
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Meli R, Monnolo A, Annunziata C, Pirozzi C, Ferrante MC. Oxidative Stress and BPA Toxicity: An Antioxidant Approach for Male and Female Reproductive Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E405. [PMID: 32397641 PMCID: PMC7278868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a non-persistent anthropic and environmentally ubiquitous compound widely employed and detected in many consumer products and food items; thus, human exposure is prolonged. Over the last ten years, many studies have examined the underlying molecular mechanisms of BPA toxicity and revealed links among BPA-induced oxidative stress, male and female reproductive defects, and human disease. Because of its hormone-like feature, BPA shows tissue effects on specific hormone receptors in target cells, triggering noxious cellular responses associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. As a metabolic and endocrine disruptor, BPA impairs redox homeostasis via the increase of oxidative mediators and the reduction of antioxidant enzymes, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, alteration in cell signaling pathways, and induction of apoptosis. This review aims to examine the scenery of the current BPA literature on understanding how the induction of oxidative stress can be considered the "fil rouge" of BPA's toxic mechanisms of action with pleiotropic outcomes on reproduction. Here, we focus on the protective effects of five classes of antioxidants-vitamins and co-factors, natural products (herbals and phytochemicals), melatonin, selenium, and methyl donors (used alone or in combination)-that have been found useful to counteract BPA toxicity in male and female reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Anna Monnolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Chiara Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Carmela Ferrante
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy;
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Kabakci R, Yigit AA. Effects of bisphenol A, diethylhexyl phthalate and pentabrominated diphenyl ether 99 on steroid synthesis in cultured bovine luteal cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:683-690. [PMID: 32125030 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and pentabrominated diphenyl ether 99 (PBDE 99) are environmental toxicants belonging to the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). They exert adverse effects on the various physiological systems, especially the reproductive system of humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BPA, DEHP and PBDE 99 on progesterone (P4) synthesis in cultured bovine luteal cells. The bovine luteal cells isolated from the mid-luteal corpora lutea were exposed to different concentrations of BPA (1, 3, 10 and 30 µM), DEHP (1, 3, 10 and 30 µM) and PBDE 99 (0.1, 0.3, 1 and 3 µM) in a serum-free culture media for 48 and 96 hr. At 48 hr, the P4 level in the luteal cells decreased after treatment with all concentrations of BPA; 3, 10 and 30 µM of DEHP; and 3 µM of PBDE 99 compared to the control (p < .05). Treatment of cells with 3-30 µM of BPA, 1-30 µM of DEHP and 1-3 µM of PBDE 99 for 96 hr resulted in reduction in P4 synthesis (p < .05). However, lower concentrations of PBDE 99 (0.1 and 0.3 µM) increased P4 levels at 48 and 96 hr. Synthesis of P4 was lower at 96 hr compared to the 48 hr in the groups treated with BPA (30 µM), DEHP (1-30 µM), PBDE 99 (0.3-3 µM) and control group. Our results showed that BPA, DEHP and PBDE 99 are able to alter luteal steroidogenesis in bovine cells and can disrupt hormonal balance in the ovary. However, it is necessary to evaluate the exact mechanism underlying these effects in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhi Kabakci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - A Arzu Yigit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
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Melatonin alleviates meiotic defects in fetal mouse oocytes induced by Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in vitro. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:4175-4187. [PMID: 30591620 PMCID: PMC6326675 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an estrogen-like compound that is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, has been reported to adversely affect human and mammalian reproduction. Many studies have found that exposure to DEHP during pregnancy perturbs female germ cell meiosis and is detrimental to oogenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that melatonin (MLT) is beneficial to reproductive endocrinology, oogenesis, and embryonic development as the ability to antioxidative and antiapoptotic. However, whether the meiotic defect of germ cells exposed to DEHP could be rescued by MLT is not clear. Here, we cultured 12.5 days post coitum (dpc) fetal mouse ovaries for 6 days, exposed them to 100 μM DEHP with or without 1 μM MLT in vitro.. The results showed that DEHP exposure induced the abnormal formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and inhibited the repair of DSBs during meiotic recombination. In addition, we found defective oocytes were prone to undergo apoptosis. Notably, this defect could be remarkably ameliorated by the addition of MLT via a reduction of the levels of reactive oxygen species and an inhibition of apoptosis. In conclusion, our data revealed that MLT had a protective action against the meiotic deterioration of fetal oocytes induced by DEHP in the mouse in vitro.
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31
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Alterations in oocytes and early zygotes following oral exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in young adult female mice. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 90:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Wong JH, Wang YS, Nam S, Ho KH, Chang CM, Chen KC, Chen YF, Chang WC. Phthalate plasticizer di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1191-1198. [PMID: 31313480 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The phthalate plasticizer, di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and its derived metabolites are common anthropogenic environmental toxins, which are known to act as endocrine disruptors. Numerous studies have associated DEHP with disruption of sex hormones, abnormal development of reproductive organs, allergies, and inflammation. Its role in promoting inflammation has been reported by both human epidemiological and animal studies. In stomach tissue, chronic inflammation is known to accompany mucosal damage, and pave the way to gastritis, stomach ulcers, and ultimately gastric cancer. Eastern Asian populations possess the highest gastric cancer incidences in the world. Coincidentally, East Asia is one of the world's major sites for plastics manufacture and export. Thus, possible correlations between DEHP, a common plasticizer, and gastric cancer are of great interest. Our study revealed several critical findings. First, even at very low dosage, mimicking the residual plasticizer exposure, detrimental effects of DEHP on gastric cells can be detected. Second, gastric cells treated with DEHP increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a time-dependent manner. Third, promoter deletion studies revealed a critical role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) for COX-2 gene responses. Finally, our results indicated that a low concentration of DEHP is able to trigger COX-2 activation via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, we demonstrate that very low doses of DEHP enhance the expression of the prototypical inflammatory gene, COX-2, in gastric cancer cells via ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation. This study provides important insights into the inflammatory process and damages associated with phthalate plasticizers exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Hong Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shiuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sean Nam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Ho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Mai Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Chung Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy; Integrative Research Center in Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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33
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The role of autophagy during murine primordial follicle assembly. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:197-211. [PMID: 29410391 PMCID: PMC5842841 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that significant germ cell loss occurs during the establishment of the primordial follicle pool in most mammalian ovaries around the time of birth. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these processes remain largely unknown. In this investigation, we explored the role of autophagy during the establishment of the primordial follicle pool and found that autophagy was active in this process. Our data suggested that 17.5 dpc ovaries treated with rapamycin displayed a delay in germ cell cyst breakdown resulting in more oocytes at day 5 of treatment, while, ovaries that treated with 3-MA showed the opposite effect. We found that rapamycin treatment promoted autophagy and depressed cell apoptosis increasing the number of NOBOX positive oocytes. Furthermore, our results also revealed that epigenetic regulator, Sirt1, plays a role in germ cell loss. An epigenetic inhibitor or RNAi treatment of Sirt1, showed an increased level of H4K16ac and a decreased level of autophagy. Thus, these data indicate that autophagy prevents germ cell over loss during the establishment of primordial follicle pool, and this process may be influenced by Sirt1-invovled epigenetic regulation.
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Icariin protects mouse Leydig cell testosterone synthesis from the adverse effects of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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35
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Wang YF, Sun XF, Han ZL, Li L, Ge W, Zhao Y, De Felici M, Shen W, Cheng SF. Protective effects of melatonin against nicotine-induced disorder of mouse early folliculogenesis. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:463-480. [PMID: 29615536 PMCID: PMC5892698 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we show that neonatal mice injected for five consecutive days with nicotine display impaired germ cell cyst breakdown and primordial follicle assembly resulting in decreased ovarian reserve lasting until sex maturation age. The effects of nicotine on the pups ovaries were associated with decreased expression of oocyte specific genes such as Nobox, Lhx8, Figlα and Sohlh2. Moreover, the ovaries of pups injected with nicotine showed increased level of cell oxidative stress and autophagic markers (upregulation of AMPKα-1, increased ratio LC3-II/LC3-I, downregulation of AKT and mTOR). Noteworthy, all these effects were counteracted by the administration of the hormone melatonin in 1 μM. In vitro culture of 0 dpp ovaries for 5 days in the presence of 10 μM nicotine reproduced its effect on germ cell cyst breakdown and primordial follicle assembly, furthermore it also revealing about 20% reduction of somatic cells proliferation, and these effects was prevented when melatonin was added to the medium. Taken together these results show that nicotine exposure can adversely affect the establishment of the ovarian reserve in the mouse likely by locally inducing cellular stress altering the primordial follicle assembly and that melatonin, however, is able to counteract such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ze-Li Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.,College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.,College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.,College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shun-Feng Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.,College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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36
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Liu JC, Li L, Yan HC, Zhang T, Zhang P, Sun ZY, De Felici M, Reiter RJ, Shen W. Identification of oxidative stress-related Xdh gene as a di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) target and the use of melatonin to alleviate the DEHP-induced impairments in newborn mouse ovaries. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12577. [PMID: 30938853 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study, using an in vitro ovary culture model, investigates the mechanisms through which di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) impairs germ cell cyst breakdown and primordial follicle assembly. The results indicate the latter effects exerted by 10 or 100 µmol/L DEHP in cultured newborn ovaries were associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Based on a transcriptome analysis, we found the expression of the oxidative stress-related gene Xdh (xanthine dehydrogenase) was significantly upregulated in DEHP-cultured ovaries. Two treatments, namely Xdh RNAi or the addition of melatonin to the ovary culture, inhibited the increase in Xdh expression and ROS levels caused by DEHP and, at the same time, reduced apoptosis and the impairment of primordial follicle assembly in the treated ovaries. Together, the results identify Xdh gene as one of the major targets of DEHP in newborn ovaries and that the consequent increased level of ROS is possibly responsible for the increment of apoptosis and primordial follicle assembly impairment. At the same time, they highlight that melatonin alleviates the effects of DEHP as with other endocrine-disrupting compounds on the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Chen Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Chengdu Women's & Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Sun
- Urology Department, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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37
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Encircling granulosa cells protects against di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-induced apoptosis in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:203-213. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199419000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected against di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced oxidative stress in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. Denuded oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated with or without various doses of DEHP (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) in vitro. Morphological apoptotic changes, levels of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression levels of apoptotic markers (Bcl2, Bax, cytochrome c) were analyzed. Our results showed that DEHP induced morphological apoptotic changes in a dose-dependent manner in denuded oocytes cultured in vitro. The effective dose of DEHP (400 µg) significantly (P>0.05) increased oxidative stress by elevating ROS levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential with higher mRNA expression and protein levels of apoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c). Encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes from DEHP-induced morphological changes, increased oxidative stress and ROS levels, as well as increased expression of apoptotic markers. Taken together our data suggested that encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes against DEHP-induced apoptosis and that the presence of granulosa cells could act positively towards the survival of oocytes under in vitro culture conditions and may be helpful during assisted reproductive technique programmes.
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38
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Rattan S, Brehm E, Gao L, Niermann S, Flaws JA. Prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate disrupts ovarian function in a transgenerational manner in female mice. Biol Reprod 2019; 98:130-145. [PMID: 29165555 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer found in polyvinyl chloride products such as vinyl flooring, plastic food containers, medical devices, and children's toys. DEHP is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and is a known endocrine disrupting chemical. Little is known about the effects of prenatal DEHP exposure on the ovary and whether effects occur in subsequent generations. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to DEHP disrupts ovarian functions in the F1, F2, and F3 generations of female mice. To test this hypothesis, pregnant CD-1 mice were orally dosed with corn oil (vehicle control) or DEHP (20 and 200 μg/kg/day and 200, 500, and 750 mg/kg/day) daily from gestation day 10.5 until birth (7-28 dams/treatment group). F1 females were mated with untreated males to obtain the F2 generation, and F2 females were mated with untreated males to produce the F3 generation. On postnatal days 1, 8, 21, and 60, ovaries were collected and used for histological evaluation of follicle numbers and sera were used to measure progesterone, testosterone, 17β-estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone levels. In the F1 generation, prenatal exposure to DEHP disrupted body and organ weights, decreased folliculogenesis, and increased serum 17β-estradiol levels. In the F2 generation, exposure to DEHP decreased body and organ weights, dysregulated folliculogenesis, and disrupted serum progesterone levels. In the F3 generation, DEHP exposure accelerated folliculogenesis. These data suggest that prenatal exposure to DEHP leads to adverse multigenerational and transgenerational effects on ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Niermann
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
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39
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Ge W, Li L, Dyce PW, De Felici M, Shen W. Establishment and depletion of the ovarian reserve: physiology and impact of environmental chemicals. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1729-1746. [PMID: 30810760 PMCID: PMC11105173 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive life span in women starts at puberty and ends at menopause, following the exhaustion of the follicle stockpile termed the ovarian reserve. Increasing data from experimental animal models and epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to a number of ubiquitously distributed reproductively toxic environmental chemicals (RTECs) can contribute to earlier menopause and even premature ovarian failure. However, the causative relationship between environmental chemical exposure and earlier menopause in women remains poorly understood. The present work, is an attempt to review the current evidence regarding the effects of RTECs on the main ovarian activities in mammals, focusing on how such compounds can affect the ovarian reserve at any stages of ovarian development. We found that in rodents, strong evidence exists that in utero, neonatal, prepubescent and even adult exposure to RTECs leads to impaired functioning of the ovary and a shortening of the reproductive lifespan. Regarding human, data from cross-sectional surveys suggest that human exposure to certain environmental chemicals can compromise a woman's reproductive health and in some cases, correlate with earlier menopause. In conclusion, evidences exist that exposure to RTECs can compromise a woman's reproductive health. However, human exposures may date back to the developmental stage, while the adverse effects are usually diagnosed decades later, thus making it difficult to determine the association between RTECs exposure and human reproductive health. Therefore, epidemiological surveys and more experimental investigation on humans, or alternatively primates, are needed to determine the direct and indirect effects caused by RTECs exposure on the ovary function, and to characterize their action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Paul W Dyce
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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40
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Lee H, Lee J, Choi K, Kim KT. Comparative analysis of endocrine disrupting effects of major phthalates in employed two cell lines (MVLN and H295R) and embryonic zebrafish assay. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:319-325. [PMID: 30825681 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disruption potentials of phthalates have been widely recognized, but relatively little is known about relative potency of major phthalates. In the present study, six phthalates were chosen, i.e., dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), and their endocrine disruption effects were evaluated by employing two cell lines and an embryonic zebrafish assay. Binding affinity with estrogen receptors (ERs) and effects on steroidogenesis were evaluated with MVLN and H295R cell assays, respectively. In zebrafish embryos, transcription of genes regulating steroid hormone balance and estrogen receptors was measured. Exposure to DMP, DEP, DEHP, and DnOP significantly increased E2/T ratio in H295R cells. However, no significant binding affinity to ERs was observed in MLVN cells. Exposure to DEHP influenced the expression of vtg1, esr1, and cyp19a1b genes in zebrafish larvae. DMP, DEP, DINP, and DIDP exposure led to significant transcriptional changes even at lower exposure concentrations, suggesting their greater endocrine disruption potency than DEHP in zebrafish. Our findings demonstrate that endocrine disruption upon phthalate exposure varies between in vitro and in vivo assay, and a battery of tests are warranted to understand endocrine disruption potentials of phthalates. Consequences of long-term exposure to phthalates other than DEHP warrant further evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Lee
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Lu Z, Zhang C, Han C, An Q, Cheng Y, Chen Y, Meng R, Zhang Y, Su J. Plasticizer Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Causes Meiosis Defects and Decreases Fertilization Ability of Mouse Oocytes in Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3459-3468. [PMID: 30813722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics. Humans and animals are widely and continuously exposed to DEHP, especially with respect to diet, which is associated with reproductive diseases. Nevertheless, the effects and underlying mechanisms of DEHP exposure on oocytes in vivo remain ambiguous. In this study, we found that oral administration of DEHP (40 μg/kg body weight per day for 14 days) markedly reduced the maturation and fertilization of oocytes in vivo. In addition, DEHP caused oxidative stress, increased reactive oxygen species generation, promoted early apoptosis, and resulted in DNA damage in mouse oocytes. Moreover, DEHP exposure caused mitochondrial damage, reduced ATP content, down-regulated actin expression, and disturbed the spindle assembly and chromosome alignment in mouse oocytes. Furthermore, DEHP exposure remarkably impaired the localization and protein level of Juno, the sperm receptor on the membrane of oocytes. The levels of DNA methylation, H3K9me3, and H3K9ac were also altered in the DEHP-exposed mouse oocytes. Thus, our results indicated that DEHP exposure reduced the maturation and fertilization capabilities of mouse oocytes by affecting cytoskeletal dynamics, oxidative stress, early apoptosis, meiotic spindle morphology, mitochondria, ATP content, Juno expression, DNA damage, and epigenetic modifications in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Chengtu Zhang
- Xining Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station , Xining , Qinghai Province 810003 , PR China
| | - Chengquan Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Quanli An
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Yuyao Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Yongzhong Chen
- Xining Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station , Xining , Qinghai Province 810003 , PR China
| | - Ru Meng
- Xining Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station , Xining , Qinghai Province 810003 , PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Jianmin Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
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42
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Santamaría C, Abud J, Porporato M, Meyer N, Zenclussen A, Kass L, Rodríguez H. The UV filter benzophenone 3, alters early follicular assembly in rat whole ovary cultures. Toxicol Lett 2019; 303:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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43
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Shin N, Cuenca L, Karthikraj R, Kannan K, Colaiácovo MP. Assessing effects of germline exposure to environmental toxicants by high-throughput screening in C. elegans. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007975. [PMID: 30763314 PMCID: PMC6375566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemicals that are highly prevalent in our environment, such as phthalates and pesticides, have been linked to problems associated with reproductive health. However, rapid assessment of their impact on reproductive health and understanding how they cause such deleterious effects, remain challenging due to their fast-growing numbers and the limitations of various current toxicity assessment model systems. Here, we performed a high-throughput screen in C. elegans to identify chemicals inducing aneuploidy as a result of impaired germline function. We screened 46 chemicals that are widely present in our environment, but for which effects in the germline remain poorly understood. These included pesticides, phthalates, and chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and crude oil processing. Of the 46 chemicals tested, 41% exhibited levels of aneuploidy higher than those detected for bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor shown to affect meiosis, at concentrations correlating well with mammalian reproductive endpoints. We further examined three candidates eliciting aneuploidy: dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a likely endocrine disruptor and frequently used plasticizer, and the pesticides 2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole (TCMTB) and permethrin. Exposure to these chemicals resulted in increased embryonic lethality, elevated DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation, activation of p53/CEP-1-dependent germ cell apoptosis, chromosomal abnormalities in oocytes at diakinesis, impaired chromosome segregation during early embryogenesis, and germline-specific alterations in gene expression. This study indicates that this high-throughput screening system is highly reliable for the identification of environmental chemicals inducing aneuploidy, and provides new insights into the impact of exposure to three widely used chemicals on meiosis and germline function. The ever-increasing number of new chemicals introduced into our environment poses a significant problem for risk assessment. In addition, assessing the direct impact of toxicants on human meiosis remains challenging. We successfully utilized a high-throughput platform in the nematode C. elegans, a genetically tractable model organism which shares a high degree of gene conservation with humans, to identify chemicals that affect the germline leading to aneuploidy. We assessed chemicals that are highly prevalent in the environment in worms carrying a fluorescent reporter construct allowing for the identification of X chromosome nondisjunction combined with a mutation increasing cuticle permeability for analysis of low doses of exposure. Follow up analysis of three chemicals: DBP, permethrin and TCMTB, further validated the use of this strategy. Exposure to these chemicals resulted in elevated levels of DNA double-strand breaks, activation of a DNA damage checkpoint, chromosome morphology defects in late meiotic prophase I as well as impaired early embryogenesis and germline-specific changes in gene expression. Our results support the use of this high-throughput screening system to identify environmental chemicals inducing aneuploidy, and provide new insights into the effects of exposure to DBP, permethrin, and TCMTB on meiosis and germline function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Shin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Luciann Cuenca
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rajendiran Karthikraj
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Monica P. Colaiácovo
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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44
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Tripathi A, Pandey V, Sahu AN, Singh A, Dubey PK. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) inhibits steroidogenesis and induces mitochondria-ROS mediated apoptosis in rat ovarian granulosa cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:381-394. [PMID: 31160972 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress (OS) due to ubiquitous exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) can affect the quality of oocytes by inducing apoptosis and hampering granulosa cell mediated steroidogenesis. This study was carried out to investigate whether DEHP induced OS affects steroidogenesis and induces apoptosis in rat ovarian granulosa cells. OS was induced by exposing granulosa cells to various concentrations of DEHP (0.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) for 72 h in vitro. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial membrane potential, cellular senescence, apoptosis, steroid hormones (estradiol & progesterone) and gene expression were analyzed. The results showed that an effective dose of DEHP (400 μg) significantly increased OS by elevating the ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and β-galactosidase activity with higher mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes (Bax, cytochrome-c and caspase3) and a lower level of an anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl2) as compared to the control. Further, DEHP significantly (P > 0.05) decreased the level of steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in a conditioned medium and this effect was reciprocated with a lower expression (P > 0.05) of steroidogenic responsive genes (Cyp11a1, Cyp19A1, Star, ERβ1) in treated granulosa cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) rescues the effects of DEHP on OS, ROS, β-galactosidase levels and gene expression activities. Altogether, these results suggest that DEHP induces oxidative stress via ROS generation and inhibits steroid synthesis via modulating steroidogenic responsive genes, which leads to the induction of apoptosis through the activation of Bax/Bcl-2-cytochrome-c and the caspase-3-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in rat granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anima Tripathi
- Department of Zoology , MMV-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India .
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders , Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi-221005 , India . ; Tel: +91 9451890938
| | - Alakh N Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Tech. IIT-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India
| | - Alok Singh
- Department of Medicine , IMS-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India
| | - Pawan K Dubey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders , Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi-221005 , India . ; Tel: +91 9451890938
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45
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Zhang JN, Zhang RQ, Liu JC, Li L, Shen W, Sun XF. Di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure Impairs the microRNAs Expression Profile During Primordial Follicle Assembly. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:877. [PMID: 31920986 PMCID: PMC6923199 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was performed to estimate the potential effects of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on changes of ovarian miRNA expression profile during mouse primordial follicle assembly using miRNAs-seq analysis. The ovaries of newborn mice were collected and in vitro cultured with different concentration of DEHP for 72 h. Then they were prepared for miRNAs-seq analysis. The results indicated that DEHP exposure altered ovarian miRNA expression profile of newborn mice. Eighteen differentially expressed miRNAs were screened after 100 μM DEHP exposure. The target mRNAs of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted and further analyzed through gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis. Our results showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs from DEHP exposure can regulate ovarian development by targeting mRNAs involved in MAPK, mTOR, FoxO signaling pathways. Three miRNAs of miR-32-5p, miR-19a-3p, and miR-141-3p were randomly selected from the differentially expressed miRNAs to quantify their expression level by miRNA qRT-PCR. The results of qRT-PCR and miRNA-seq were consistent. Considering one of its target gene PTEN of miR-19a-3p and the decreased level of pAKT and increased Bax/Bcl-2 under DEHP exposure, we speculated that the altered expression of miR-19a-3p by DEHP exposure affected mouse primordial follicle assembly via PI3K/AKT1/mTOR signaling pathway. Epigenetic changes are one of the most important targets of toxicant exposure. The effects of DEHP exposure on microRNA (one of the epigenetic regulators) expression profile were uncovered to enrich the research on relationship of epigenetics and toxicant exposure.
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46
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Matuszczak E, Komarowska MD, Debek W, Hermanowicz A. The Impact of Bisphenol A on Fertility, Reproductive System, and Development: A Review of the Literature. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:4068717. [PMID: 31093279 PMCID: PMC6481157 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4068717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been used since the 1950s, in food packaging, industrial materials, dental sealants, and personal hygiene products. Everyone is exposed to BPA through skin, inhalation, and digestive system. BPA disrupts endocrine pathways, because it has weak estrogenic, antiandrogenic, and antithyroid activities. Despite the rapid metabolism, BPA can accumulate in different tissues. Many researchers proved the impact of BPA on human development, metabolism, and finally reproductive system. There is increasing evidence that BPA has impact on human fertility and is responsible for the reproductive pathologies, e.g., testicular dysgenesis syndrome, cryptorchidism, cancers, and decreased fertility in male and follicle loss in female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Matuszczak
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Debek
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Hermanowicz
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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47
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Zhang GL, Feng YL, Song JL, Zhou XS. Zearalenone: A Mycotoxin With Different Toxic Effect in Domestic and Laboratory Animals' Granulosa Cells. Front Genet 2018; 9:667. [PMID: 30619484 PMCID: PMC6305301 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), one of the most prevalent estrogenic mycotoxins, is mainly produced by Fusarium fungi and has been proven to affect the reproductive capacity of animals. Exposure of farm animals to ZEA is a global public health concern because of its toxicity and wide distribution in animal feeds. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that ZEA possesses estrogenic activity in mice, swine, Equus asinus and cattle. The precise mechanism of the reproductive toxicity of ZEA has not been established yet. This article reviews evidence on the deleterious effects of ZEA on mammalian folliculogenesis from early to final oogenesis stages. Such effects include impaired granulosa cell (GC) development and follicle steroidogenesis, reduced oocyte nest breakdown, damaged meiotic progression, poor fetal oocyte survival, accelerated primordial follicle activation and enhanced follicle atresia. These phenomena may result in reproductive and non-reproductive problems in domestic animals. In addition, emerging data indicates that ZEA may cause mRNA expression changes in the GCs. In general, E. asinus is more sensitive than swine to ZEA exposure. Finally, results of in vivo animal studies and in vitro tests are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Zhang
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Yu-Long Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | | | - Xiang-Shan Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liaocheng, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Mu X, Gao R, Geng Y, Liu X, Chen X, Wang Y, Ding Y, Wang Y, He J. Foetal-neonatal exposure of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate disrupts ovarian development in mice by inducing autophagy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 358:101-112. [PMID: 29990796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The female reproductive lifespan is largely determined by the size of the primordial follicle pool, which is established early in life. We previously reported that Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an environmental endocrine disruptor and a widely-spreading plasticizer, impairs primordial folliculogenesis. In the present study, we found DEHP significantly altered the number and sex ratio of the offspring of neonatal-exposed mice. Furthermore, by a neonatal exposure model and an ovary culture model, it showed that DEHP activated autophagy in the ovary, with increased autophagy-related gene expression and recognizable autophagosomes, while inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA attenuated the adverse impact of DEHP on primordial folliculogenesis. Moreover, key components of AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signalling were up-regulated by DEHP in the ovary, and AMPK inhibitor Compound C reduced autophagy-related gene expression and partially recovered primordial follicle assembly. Collectively, this study demonstrates that DEHP induces autophagy by activating AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signalling in mice perinatal ovaries, which results in disrupted primordial folliculogenesis and reduced female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xinyi Mu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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Zhang T, Zhou Y, Li L, Zhao Y, De Felici M, Reiter RJ, Shen W. Melatonin protects prepuberal testis from deleterious effects of bisphenol A or diethylhexyl phthalate by preserving H3K9 methylation. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12497. [PMID: 29655234 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of couples experience fertility issues with almost half being due to malefactors. The exposure to toxic environmental contaminants, such as endocrine disruptors (EDs), has been shown to negatively affect male fertility. EDs are present in the environment, and exposure to these toxins results in the failure of spermatogenesis. The deleterious effects of EDs on spermatogenesis have been well documented, whereas improvement of infertility associated with spermatogenesis defects remains a great challenge. Herein, we report that in vitro exposure of prepuberal mouse testes to two well-known endocrine disruptors (EDs), bisphenol A (BPA) or diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), impairs spermatogenesis with perturbing self-renewal, spermatogonia activity, and meiosis. Evidence indicates that such effects are likely due, at least in part, to decreased G9a-dependent H3K9 di-methylation. Of note, we found that melatonin (MLT) protected the testis from the negative ED impacts with preserving spermatogonia stem and meiotic cells, along with maintaining normal H3K9 di-methylation in these cells. Taken together, this work documents that BPA and EDHP adversely affect prepuberal spermatogenesis and perturb crucial epigenetic activities in male germ cells and highlight the protective ability of MLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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50
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Wang B, Zhou W, Zhu W, Chen L, Wang W, Tian Y, Shen L, Zhang J. Associations of female exposure to bisphenol A with fecundability: Evidence from a preconception cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 117:139-145. [PMID: 29751163 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is common. The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been well characterized. However, the impact of BPA exposure on fecundability in healthy women is less clear, and evidence from eastern countries is lacking. OBJECTIVES We aimed to prospectively assess the associations of BPA with female fecundability, as measured by time to pregnancy (TTP). METHODS From 2013 to 2015, we included 700 Chinese couples attempting pregnancy in two preconception care clinics and followed for 12 months or until a pregnancy occurred. The concentrations of BPA were determined in preconception urine samples of female partners. Cox's proportional models for discrete survival time were used to estimate fecundability odds ratios (FORs). Odds ratios (ORs) for infertility (TTP > 12 months) were estimated using logistic regression models. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, each ln-unit increase in urinary concentrations of BPA was associated with a 13% reduction in fecundability (FOR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98) and a 23% increase in odds of infertility (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.50). Women in the highest quartile of urinary BPA had a 30% reduction in fecundability (FOR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.96) and a 64% increase in odds of infertility when compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 0.90, 2.98). The associations of urinary BPA concentrations with fecundability (FOR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.95) and infertility (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.93) were strengthened among women over 30 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that preconception concentrations of BPA in female urine were associated with decreased fecundability, particularly among women at older ages. These findings should be confirmed in future human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiye Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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