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Sarma R, Willis N, Holthaus TA, Cannavale CN, Gibbs HD, Khan N. Memory Abilities Are Selectively Related to Food Label and Numeracy Nutrition Skills. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:861-868. [PMID: 37921796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the relationship between nutrition literacy, diet quality, carotenoid status, and cognition. METHODS Adults aged 37.5 ± 17.0 years (n = 52) completed the 42-item Nutrition Literacy Assessment Instrument (NLit). The Dietary History Questionnaire III was analyzed to determine the Healthy Eating Index. Skin carotenoids were assessed as a diet quality biomarker. Selective attention, relational memory, and pattern separation abilities were assessed using the flanker, spatial reconstruction, and mnemonic similarity tasks, respectively. Statistical adjustments included age, sex, education, and body mass index. RESULTS No correlations were observed for NLit scores and NLit subscales with Healthy Eating Index and skin carotenoid status. However, the NLit's food label and numeracy subscale was related to greater pattern separation abilities (ρ = 0.33, r2 = 0.11, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Comprehension of food labels and numeracy information was associated with memory abilities. Future work is needed to test whether targeting working memory and attentional processes during memory retrieval in larger samples may facilitate the acquisition of nutrition knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Sarma
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Nathaniel Willis
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Tori A Holthaus
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | | | - Heather D Gibbs
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Naiman Khan
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
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Peng M, Lovos A, Bottrill K, Hughes K, Sampsel M, Lee NR, Abbeduto L, Thurman AJ, Edgin J. Extended trajectory of spatial memory errors in typical and atypical development: The role of binding and precision. Hippocampus 2023; 33:1171-1188. [PMID: 37706613 PMCID: PMC10638674 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Spatial reconstruction, a method for evaluating how individuals remember the placement of objects, has traditionally been evaluated through the aggregate estimation of placement errors. However, this approach may obscure the nature of task errors. Specifically, recent data has suggested the importance of examining the precision of responses, as well as absolute performance on item-context bindings. In contrast to traditional analysis approaches based on the distance between the target and the reconstructed item, in this study we further explored three types of errors (swap error, global error, and local distance) that may all contribute to the distance, with particular emphasis on swap errors and local distance due to their associations with item-context bindings and memory precision, respectively. We examined these errors in children aged 3-18 years, making comparisons between children with typical development (TD) and children with Down syndrome (DS), a population with known memory challenges. As expected, older children outperformed younger children in terms of overall memory accuracy. Of importance is that we measured uneven maturational trajectories of memory abilities across the various error types. Specifically, both remembered locations (irrespective of object identity) and swap errors (object-location binding errors) align with the overall memory accuracy. Memory precision, as measured by local distance in simpler set size 2 trials, mirrored overall memory accuracy. However, for more complex set size 3 trials, local distance remained stable before age 8 and showed age-related change thereafter. The group with DS showed reduced precision compared to a TD matched group, and measures of precision, and to a lesser extent binding errors, correlated with standard neuropsychological outcomes. Overall, our study contributed to a fine-grained understanding of developing spatial memory ability in a large sample of typical developing children and a memory impaired population. These findings contribute to a growing body of research examining precision as a key factor in memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomiao Peng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Annalysa Lovos
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Kenneth Bottrill
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Katharine Hughes
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Miranda Sampsel
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Nancy Raitano Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
| | - Angela John Thurman
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
| | - Jamie Edgin
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
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3
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Tinney EM, Loui P, Raine LB, Hiscox LV, Delgorio PL, Kramer MK, Schwarb H, Martens CR, Kramer AF, Hillman CH, Johnson CL. Influence of mild cognitive impairment and body mass index on white matter integrity assessed by diffusion tensor imaging. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14306. [PMID: 37038273 PMCID: PMC10524314 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, is characterized by decreased memory and cognition, which are linked to degenerative changes in the brain. To assess whether white matter (WM) integrity is compromised in MCI, we collected diffusion-weighted images from 60 healthy older adults (OA) (69.16 ± 0.7) and 20 older adults with amnestic MCI (72.45 ± 1.9). WM integrity differences were examined using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We hypothesized that those with MCI would have diminished WM integrity relative to OA. In a whole-brain comparison, those with MCI showed higher axial diffusivity in the splenium (SCC) and body of the corpus callosum (BCC), superior corona radiata (SCR), and the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule (RLIC) (p's < .05 TFCE-corrected). Additionally, significant between-group connectivity differences were observed using probabilistic tractography between the SCC, chosen from the TBSS results, and forceps major and minor (p-value's < .05). To further relate a physical health indicator to WM alterations, linear regression showed significant interactions between cognitive status and body mass index (BMI) on diffusivity outcome measures from probabilistic tractography (p-value-'s < .05). Additionally, we examined the association between relational memory, BMI, and WM integrity. WM integrity was positively associated with relational memory performance. These findings suggest that these regions may be more sensitive to early markers of neurodegenerative disease and health behaviors, suggesting that modifiable lifestyle factors may affect white matter integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Tinney
- Northeastern University, Department of Psychology
- Northeastern University, Center for Cognitive and Brain Health
| | - Psyche Loui
- Northeastern University, Department of Psychology
- Northeastern University, Center for Cognitive and Brain Health
| | - Lauren B. Raine
- Northeastern University, Center for Cognitive and Brain Health
- Northeastern University, Department of Physical Therapy Movement Rehabilitation Sciences
- Northeastern University, Department of Medicinal Sciences
| | - Lucy V. Hiscox
- University of Delaware, Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Mary K. Kramer
- University of Delaware, Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Hillary Schwarb
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
| | | | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Northeastern University, Department of Psychology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Northeastern University, Department of Psychology
- Northeastern University, Center for Cognitive and Brain Health
- Northeastern University, Department of Physical Therapy Movement Rehabilitation Sciences
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Martell SG, Kim J, Cannavale CN, Mehta TD, Erdman JW, Adamson B, Motl RW, Khan NA. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Blind Study of Lutein Supplementation on Carotenoid Status and Cognition in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis. J Nutr 2023; 153:2298-2311. [PMID: 37364683 PMCID: PMC10447884 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is traditionally managed using disease-modifying pharmaceutical therapies as a first line approach for treatment, yet there is increasing interest in lifestyle factors, particularly diet, for managing disease outcomes. Lutein has neuroprotective properties in healthy adults, but no previous research has examined the effects of lutein supplementation in persons with MS. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 4-mo lutein supplementation on carotenoid status and cognition in persons with relapse-remitting MS (RRMS). METHODS A randomized controlled, single-blind research design was used among adults with RRMS (N = 21). Participants were randomized into placebo (n = 9) or treatment (20-mg/d lutein, n = 12) groups with outcomes measured before and after 4 mo. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was assessed using heterochromatic flicker photometry. Skin carotenoids were assessed using reflection spectroscopy. Serum lutein was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cognition was assessed via the Eriksen flanker with event-related potentials, spatial reconstruction, and the symbol digit modalities tests. RESULTS There was a significant group by time interaction for MPOD (F = 6.74, P = 0.02), skin carotenoids (F = 17.30, P < 0.01), and serum lutein (F = 24.10, P < 0.01), whereby the treatment group improved in all carotenoid outcomes. There were no significant group by time interactions for cognitive and neuroelectric outcomes. However, increase in MPOD was positively associated with accuracy during the flanker incongruent trials (r = 0.55, P = 0.03) and the spatial memory task (r = 0.58, P = 0.02) among treatment participants. CONCLUSIONS Lutein supplementation increases carotenoid status among persons with RRMS. There is no significant effect on cognitive function but change in macular carotenoids is selectively associated with improved attention and memory. This study provides preliminary support for a fully powered study targeting retinal and neural carotenoids for cognitive benefits in persons with MS. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04843813.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby G Martell
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jeongwoon Kim
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Corinne N Cannavale
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Twinkle D Mehta
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - John W Erdman
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Brynn Adamson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Robert W Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
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Lucas HD, Daugherty AM, McAuley E, Kramer AF, Cohen NJ. Dynamic interactions between memory and viewing behaviors: Insights from dyadic modeling of eye movements. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2023; 49:786-801. [PMID: 37166935 PMCID: PMC10621599 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Humans use eye movements to build visual memories. We investigated how the contributions of specific viewing behaviors to memory formation evolve over individual study epochs. We used dyadic modeling to explain performance on a spatial reconstruction task based on interactions among two gaze measures: (a) the entropy of the scanpath and (b) the frequency of item-to-item gaze transitions. To measure these interactions, our hypothesized model included causal pathways by which early-trial viewing behaviors impacted subsequent memory via downstream effects on later viewing. We found that lower scanpath entropy throughout the trial predicted better memory performance. By contrast, the effect of item-to-item transition frequency changed from negative to positive as the trial progressed. The model also revealed multiple pathways by which early-trial viewing dynamically altered late-trial viewing, thereby impacting memory indirectly. Finally, individual differences in scores on an independent measure of memory ability were found to predict viewing effectiveness, and viewing behaviors partially mediated the relation between memory ability and reconstruction accuracy. In a second experiment, the model showed a good fit for an independent dataset. These results highlight the dynamic nature of memory formation and suggest that the order in which eye movements occur can critically determine their effectiveness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D. Lucas
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ana M. Daugherty
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Psychology and Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Center for Cognitive & Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Neal J. Cohen
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
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6
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Muller A, Garren JD, Cao K, Peterson MA, Ekstrom AD. Understanding the encoding of object locations in small-scale spaces during free exploration using eye tracking. Neuropsychologia 2023; 184:108565. [PMID: 37080425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Navigation is instrumental to daily life and is often used to encode and locate objects, such as keys in one's house. Yet, little is known about how navigation works in more ecologically valid situations such as finding objects within a room. Specifically, it is not clear how vision vs. body movements contribute differentially to spatial memory in such small-scale spaces. In the current study, participants encoded object locations by viewing them while standing (stationary condition) or by additionally being guided by the experimenter while blindfolded (walking condition) after viewing the objects. They then retrieved the objects from the same or different viewpoint, creating a 2 × 2 within subject design. We simultaneously recorded participant eye movements throughout the experiment using mobile eye tracking. The results showed no statistically significant differences among our four conditions (stationary, same viewpoint as encoding; stationary, different viewpoint; walking, same viewpoint; walking, different viewpoint), suggesting that in a small real-world space, vision may be sufficient to remember object locations. Eye tracking analyses revealed that object locations were better remembered next to landmarks and that participants encoded items on one wall together, suggesting the use of local wall coordinates rather than global room coordinates. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that the only significant predictor of object placement accuracy was average looking time. These results suggest that vision may be sufficient for encoding object locations in a small-scale environment and that such memories may be formed largely locally rather than globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Muller
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Joshua D Garren
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Kayla Cao
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Mary A Peterson
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Cognitive Science Program, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Arne D Ekstrom
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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Cannavale CN, Mysonhimer AR, Bailey MA, Cohen NJ, Holscher HD, Khan NA. Consumption of a fermented dairy beverage improves hippocampal-dependent relational memory in a randomized, controlled cross-over trial. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:265-274. [PMID: 35282787 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2046963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to determine whether consumption of a fermented dairy beverage containing probiotic microorganisms influences negative mood states, stress, and hippocampal memory performance in healthy adults. Methods: Adults (25-45 yrs, N = 26) free of gastrointestinal and mental illness were enrolled in a single-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Participants completed testing prior to and after 4-week consumption, with a 2-4 week washout between treatments of: (1) 8 oz of a dairy-based fermented beverage containing 25-30 billion colony forming units of live and active kefir cultures or (2) 8 oz isocaloric, non-fermented, 1% low-fat lactose-free dairy-based control beverage. Hippocampal-dependent relational memory was assessed using a spatial reconstruction task. Negative mood states of depression and anxiety were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-42 (DASS-42). Pooled 24-hour urine samples were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine urinary free-cortisol (UFC) concentrations. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Lactobacillus was increased by 235% following fermented dairy consumption compared to the control (p < .01). Furthermore, the fermented dairy beverage improved performance on two metrics of relational memory, misplacement (p = .04) and object-location binding (p = .03). UFC and DASS-42 scores (all p's > .08) were not significantly changed by either arm of the intervention. No correlations were observed between the change in Lactobacillus and memory performance. Conclusions: Fermented dairy consumption increased the presence of certain microorganisms in the gut and improved relational memory in healthy adults. However, the benefits observed for relational memory were not related to changes in Lactobacillus.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02849275.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne N Cannavale
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Annemarie R Mysonhimer
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Melisa A Bailey
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Interdisciplinary Health Science Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Division of Nutritional Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Division of Nutritional Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Whitney P, Kurinec CA, Hinson JM. Temporary amnesia from sleep loss: A framework for understanding consequences of sleep deprivation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1134757. [PMID: 37065907 PMCID: PMC10098076 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1134757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout its modern history, sleep research has been concerned with both the benefits of sleep and the deleterious impact of sleep disruption for cognition, behavior, and performance. When more specifically examining the impact of sleep on memory and learning, however, research has overwhelmingly focused on how sleep following learning facilitates memory, with less attention paid to how lack of sleep prior to learning can disrupt subsequent memory. Although this imbalance in research emphasis is being more frequently addressed by current investigators, there is a need for a more organized approach to examining the effect of sleep deprivation before learning. The present review briefly describes the generally accepted approach to analyzing effects of sleep deprivation on subsequent memory and learning by means of its effects on encoding. Then, we suggest an alternative framework with which to understand sleep loss and memory in terms of temporary amnesia from sleep loss (TASL). The review covers the well-characterized properties of amnesia arising from medial temporal lobe lesions and shows how the pattern of preserved and impaired aspects of memory in amnesia may also be appearing during sleep loss. The view of the TASL framework is that amnesia and the amnesia-like deficits observed during sleep deprivation not only affect memory processes but will also be apparent in cognitive processes that rely on those memory processes, such as decision-making. Adoption of the TASL framework encourages movement away from traditional explanations based on narrowly defined domains of memory functioning, such as encoding, and taking instead a more expansive view of how brain structures that support memory, such as the hippocampus, interact with higher structures, such as the prefrontal cortex, to produce complex cognition and behavioral performance, and how this interaction may be compromised by sleep disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Whitney
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul Whitney,
| | - Courtney A. Kurinec
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - John M. Hinson
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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Cannavale CN, Keye SA, Rosok L, Martell S, Holthaus TA, Reeser G, Raine LB, Mullen SP, Cohen NJ, Hillman CH, Hammond BR, Renzi-Hammond L, Khan NA. Enhancing children's cognitive function and achievement through carotenoid consumption: The Integrated Childhood Ocular Nutrition Study (iCONS) protocol. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 122:106964. [PMID: 36252934 PMCID: PMC10150405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lutein and zeaxanthin (L + Z) are carotenoids that accumulate in neural tissue and potentially confer benefits to cognition. Whereas cross-sectional studies have revealed positive associations between macular carotenoids (MC) and cognition, no studies have investigated whether L + Z supplementation impacts MC and cognition in childhood. Accordingly, the Integrated Childhood Ocular Nutrition Study aims to investigate the impact of L + Z supplementation over 9-months on academic abilities, attentional control, memory, and MC among preadolescent children. Children 8-10 years (N = 288) will enroll in a 9-month double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. The study is registered and approved as a clinical trial on the U.S. National Library of Medicine http://ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT05177679). Participants will be randomized into an active (10 mg lutein+2 mg zeaxanthin) or waitlist placebo-controlled group. Primary outcomes include hippocampal-dependent memory, attentional inhibition, and academic achievement using a spatial reconstruction task, an Eriksen flanker task, and the Kaufman Test of Academic and Educational Achievement 3rd edition, respectively. Secondary outcomes include event-related brain potentials of attentional resource allocation and information processing speed (i.e., P3/P300 amplitude and latency) recorded during the flanker task. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) will be assessed using heterochromatic flicker photometry. Cognitive assessments will be completed prior to and after completion of the supplementation period. MPOD will be quantified prior to, at the mid-point of (4-5 months), and after (9 months) the supplementation period. It is hypothesized that L + Z supplementation will improve cognition and academic achievement. Further, benefits for cognition and achievement are anticipated to be mediated by increases in MC among treatment group participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne N Cannavale
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Shelby A Keye
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Laura Rosok
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Shelby Martell
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Tori A Holthaus
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Ginger Reeser
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Lauren B Raine
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Sean P Mullen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Beckman Institute for the Advancement of Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Center for Social and Behavioral Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Billy R Hammond
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Lisa Renzi-Hammond
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America; College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Beckman Institute for the Advancement of Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America.
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10
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Delgorio PL, Hiscox LV, Daugherty AM, Sanjana F, McIlvain G, Pohlig RT, McGarry MDJ, Martens CR, Schwarb H, Johnson CL. Structure-Function Dissociations of Human Hippocampal Subfield Stiffness and Memory Performance. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7957-7968. [PMID: 36261271 PMCID: PMC9617610 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0592-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and neurodegenerative diseases lead to decline in thinking and memory ability. The subfields of the hippocampus (HCsf) play important roles in memory formation and recall. Imaging techniques sensitive to the underlying HCsf tissue microstructure can reveal unique structure-function associations and their vulnerability in aging and disease. The goal of this study was to use magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), a noninvasive MR imaging-based technique that can quantitatively image the viscoelastic mechanical properties of tissue to determine the associations of HCsf stiffness with different cognitive domains across the lifespan. Eighty-eight adult participants completed the study (age 23-81 years, male/female 36/51), in which we aimed to determine which HCsf regions most strongly correlated with different memory performance outcomes and if viscoelasticity of specific HCsf regions mediated the relationship between age and performance. Our results revealed that both interference cost on a verbal memory task and relational memory task performance were significantly related to cornu ammonis 1-2 (CA1-CA2) stiffness (p = 0.018 and p = 0.011, respectively), with CA1-CA2 stiffness significantly mediating the relationship between age and interference cost performance (p = 0.031). There were also significant associations between delayed free verbal recall performance and stiffness of both the dentate gyrus-cornu ammonis 3 (DG-CA3; p = 0.016) and subiculum (SUB; p = 0.032) regions. This further exemplifies the functional specialization of HCsf in declarative memory and the potential use of MRE measures as clinical biomarkers in assessing brain health in aging and disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hippocampal subfields are cytoarchitecturally unique structures involved in distinct aspects of memory processing. Magnetic resonance elastography is a technique that can noninvasively image tissue viscoelastic mechanical properties, potentially serving as sensitive biomarkers of aging and neurodegeneration related to functional outcomes. High-resolution in vivo imaging has invigorated interest in determining subfield functional specialization and their differential vulnerability in aging and disease. Applying MRE to probe subfield-specific cognitive correlates will indicate that measures of subfield stiffness can determine the integrity of structures supporting specific domains of memory performance. These findings will further validate our high-resolution MRE method and support the potential use of subfield stiffness measures as clinical biomarkers in classifying aging and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton L Delgorio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Lucy V Hiscox
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Ana M Daugherty
- Department of Psychology and Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202
| | - Faria Sanjana
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713
| | - Grace McIlvain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Ryan T Pohlig
- Biostatistics Core Facility, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713
| | - Matthew D J McGarry
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Christopher R Martens
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713
| | - Hillary Schwarb
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
| | - Curtis L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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11
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Song S, Park J, Park YM, Kim IY, Jang DP. The influence of object-location binding mental load effects on the visual N1 and N2 Event-related Potentials. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:217. [PMID: 35739605 PMCID: PMC9219235 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze the effect of object-location binding on the visual working memory workload. For this study, thirty healthy subjects were recruited, and they performed the “What was where” task, which was modified to evaluated object-location binding memory. We analyzed their ERP and behavior response. Results Object memory and location memory were preserved during the task, but binding memory decreased significantly when more than four objects were presented. These results indicate that the N1 amplitude is related to the object-only load effect, and the posterior N2 amplitude is a binding-dependent ERP component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solwoong Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsick Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Pyo Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Dulas MR, Morrow EL, Schwarb H, Cohen NJ, Duff MC. Temporal order memory impairments in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2022; 44:210-225. [PMID: 35876336 PMCID: PMC9422773 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Temporal order memory is a core cognitive function that underlies much of our behavior. The ability to bind together information within and across events, and to reconstruct that sequence of information, critically relies upon the hippocampal relational memory system. Recent work has suggested traumatic brain injury (TBI) may particularly impact hippocampally mediated relational memory. However, it is currently unclear whether such deficits extend to temporal order memory, and whether deficits only arise at large memory loads. The present study assessed temporal order memory in individuals with chronic, moderate-severe TBI across multiple set sizes. METHOD Individuals with TBI and Neurotypical Comparison participants studied sequences of three to nine objects, one a time. At test, all items were re-presented in pseudorandom order, and participants indicated the temporal position (i.e., first, second, etc.) in which each object had appeared. Critically, we assessed both the frequency and the magnitude of errors (i.e., how far from its studied position was an item remembered). RESULTS Individuals with TBI were not impaired for the smallest set size, but showed significant impairments at 5+ items. Group differences in the error frequency did not increase further with larger set sizes, but group differences in error magnitude did increase with larger memory loads. Individuals with TBI showed spared performance for the first object of each list (primacy) but were impaired on the last object (recency), though error frequency was better for last compared to middle items. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TBI results in impaired temporal order memory for lists as small as five items, and that impairments are exacerbated with increasing memory loads. Assessments that test only small set sizes may be insufficient to detect these deficits. Further, these data highlight the importance of additional, sensitive measures in the assessment of cognitive impairments in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Dulas
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
| | - Emily L. Morrow
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (TN)
| | - Hillary Schwarb
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institutes, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
| | - Neal J. Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institutes, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana (IL)
| | - Melissa C. Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (TN)
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13
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Evensmoen HR, Rimol LM, Winkler AM, Betzel R, Hansen TI, Nili H, Håberg A. Allocentric representation in the human amygdala and ventral visual stream. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108658. [PMID: 33472067 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex are considered the main brain structures for allocentric representation of the external environment. Here, we show that the amygdala and the ventral visual stream are involved in allocentric representation. Thirty-one young men explored 35 virtual environments during high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and were subsequently tested on recall of the allocentric pattern of the objects in each environment-in other words, the positions of the objects relative to each other and to the outer perimeter. We find increasingly unique brain activation patterns associated with increasing allocentric accuracy in distinct neural populations in the perirhinal cortex, parahippocampal cortex, fusiform cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex. In contrast to the traditional view of a hierarchical MTL network with the hippocampus at the top, we demonstrate, using recently developed graph analyses, a hierarchical allocentric MTL network without a main connector hub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallvard Røe Evensmoen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Medical Imaging, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Lars M Rimol
- Department of Psychology, NTNU, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tor Ivar Hansen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hamed Nili
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3UD Oxford, UK
| | - Asta Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Medical Imaging, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
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14
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Should context hold a special place in hippocampal memory? PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.plm.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Morrow EL, Dulas MR, Cohen NJ, Duff MC. Relational Memory at Short and Long Delays in Individuals With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:270. [PMID: 32754022 PMCID: PMC7366514 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory deficits are a common and frequently-cited consequence of moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, we know less about how TBI influences relational memory, which allows the binding of the arbitrary elements of experience and the flexible use and recombination of relational representations in novel situations. Relational memory is of special interest for individuals with TBI, given the vulnerability of the hippocampus to injury mechanisms, as well as a growing body of literature establishing the role of relational memory in flexible and goal-directed behavior. In this study, participants with and without a history of moderate-severe TBI completed a continuous relational memory task for face-scene pairings. Participants with TBI exhibited a disruption in relational memory not only when tested after a delay, but also when tested with no experimenter-imposed delay after stimulus presentation. Further, canonical assessments of working and episodic memory did not correspond with performance on the face-scene task, suggesting that this task may tap into relational memory differently and with greater sensitivity than standardized memory assessments. These results highlight the need for rigorous assessment of relational memory in TBI, which is likely to detect deficits that have specific consequences for community reintegration and long-term functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Morrow
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael R Dulas
- Beckman Institute, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Beckman Institute, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institutes, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Melissa C Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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16
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Malykhin NV, Travis S, Fujiwara E, Huang Y, Camicioli R, Olsen F. The associations of the
BDNF
and
APOE
polymorphisms, hippocampal subfield volumes, and episodic memory performance across the lifespan. Hippocampus 2020; 30:1081-1097. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V. Malykhin
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Scott Travis
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Esther Fujiwara
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Yushan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | | | - Fraser Olsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
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17
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de Sousa AVC, Grittner U, Rujescu D, Külzow N, Flöel A. Impact of 3-Day Combined Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Visuospatial Training on Object-Location Memory in Healthy Older Adults and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:223-244. [PMID: 32280093 PMCID: PMC7306891 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associative object-location memory (OLM) is known to decline even in normal aging, and this process is accelerated in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Given the lack of curative treatment for Alzheimer's disease, activating cognitive resources during its preclinical phase might prevent progression to dementia. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) combined with an associative episodic memory training on OLM in MCI patients and in healthy elderly (HE). METHODS In a single-blind cross-over design, 16 MCI patients and 32 HE underwent a 3-day visuospatial OLM training paired with either 20 min or 30 s (sham) atDCS (1 mA, right temporoparietal cortex). Effects on immediate (training success) and long-term memory (1-month) were investigated by conducting Mixed Model analyses. In addition, the impact of combined intervention on within-session (online) and on between-session (offline) performance were explored. RESULTS OLM training+atDCS enhanced training success only in MCI patients, but not HE (difference n.s.). Relative performance gain was similar in MCI patients compared to HE under atDCS. No beneficial effect was found after 1-month. Exploratory analyses suggested a positive impact on online, but a negative effect on offline performance in MCI patients. In both groups, exploratory post-hoc analyses indicated an association between initially low-performers and greater benefit from atDCS. CONCLUSION Cognitive training in MCI may be enhanced by atDCS, but further delineation of the impact of current brain state, as well as temporal characteristics of multi-session atDCS-training application, may be needed to induce longer-lasting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Vieira Cavalcanti de Sousa
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Stroke Research, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Külzow
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- Kliniken Beelitz GmbH, Neurological Rehabilitation Clinic, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Stroke Research, Berlin, Germany
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
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18
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Hippocampal viscoelasticity and episodic memory performance in healthy older adults examined with magnetic resonance elastography. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:175-185. [PMID: 30382528 PMCID: PMC7007890 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory is particularly sensitive to normative aging; however, studies investigating the structure-function relationships that support episodic memory have primarily been limited to gross volumetric measures of brain tissue health. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an emerging non-invasive, high-resolution imaging technique that uniquely quantifies brain viscoelasticity, and as such, provides a more specific measure of neural microstructural integrity. Recently, a significant double dissociation between orbitofrontal cortex-fluid intelligence and hippocampal-relational memory structure-function relationships was observed in young adults, highlighting the potential of sensitive MRE measures for studying brain health and its relation to cognitive function. However, the structure-function relationship observed by MRE has not yet been explored in healthy older adults. In this study, we examined the relationship between hippocampal (HC) viscoelasticity and episodic memory in cognitively healthy adults aged 66-73 years (N = 11), as measured with the verbal-paired associates (VPA) subtest from the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-R). Given the particular dependence of verbal memory tasks on the left HC, unilateral HC MRE measurements were considered for the first time. A significant negative correlation was found between left HC damping ratio, ξ and VPA recall score (rs = -0.77, p = 0.009), which is consistent with previous findings of a relationship between HC ξ and memory performance in young adults. Conversely, correlations between right HC ξ with VPA recall score were not significant. These results highlight the utility of MRE to study cognitive decline and brain aging and suggest its possible use as a sensitive imaging biomarker for memory-related impairments.
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19
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Cutler RA, Duff MC, Polyn SM. Searching for Semantic Knowledge: A Vector Space Semantic Analysis of the Feature Generation Task. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:341. [PMID: 31680903 PMCID: PMC6797818 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent neuropsychological study found that amnesic patients with hippocampal damage (HP) and severe declarative memory impairment produce markedly fewer responses than healthy comparison (CO) participants in a semantic feature generation task (Klooster and Duff, 2015), consistent with the idea that hippocampal damage is associated with semantic cognitive deficits. Participants were presented with a target word and asked to produce as many features of that word as possible (e.g., for target word "book," "read words on a page"). Here, we use the response sequences collected by Klooster and Duff (2015) to develop a vector space model of semantic search. We use this model to characterize the dynamics of semantic feature generation and consider the role of the hippocampus in this search process. Both HP and CO groups tended to initiate the search process with features close in semantic space to the target word, with a gradual decline in similarity to the target word over the first several responses. Adjacent features in the response sequence showed stronger similarity to each other than to non-adjacent features, suggesting that the search process follows a local trajectory in semantic space. Overall, HP patients generated features that were closer in semantic space to the representation of the target word, as compared to the features generated by the CO group, which ranged more widely in semantic space. These results are consistent with a model in which a compound retrieval cue (containing a representation of the target word and a representation of the previous response) is used to probe semantic memory. The model suggests that the HP group's search process is restricted from ranging as far in semantic space from the target word, relative to the CO group. These results place strong constraints on the structure of models of semantic memory search, and on the role of hippocampus in probing semantic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Cutler
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Melissa C. Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sean M. Polyn
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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20
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Rigon A, Schwarb H, Klooster N, Cohen NJ, Duff MC. Spatial relational memory in individuals with traumatic brain injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 42:14-27. [PMID: 31475607 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1659755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Relational memory is the ability to bind arbitrary relations between elements of experience into durable representations and the flexible expression of these representations. It is well known that individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have declarative memory impairments, but less is known about how TBI affects relational memory binding, the deficit at the heart of declarative, or relational, memory impairment. The aim of the current study is to examine such deficits.Method: We used a spatial reconstruction task (SRT) with 29 individuals with TBI and 23 normal comparison (NC) participants to investigate four different types of spatial relations: (A) identity-location relations, i.e., the relationship between a specific item and its known location; (B) item-item relations, or the relationship between one item and another; (C) item-display relations, or the relationship between an item and its position in the display; and (D) compound-item relations, i.e., relations that involve combinations of A, B, and C.Results: Our data revealed that individuals with TBI showed impairments in learning identity-location relations and increased compound errors compared to NCs. We also found evidence that when item identity is disregarded, individuals with TBI do not perform differently from NCs. An exploratory analysis revealed that while relational memory performance was significantly correlated with scores on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), more participants with TBI exhibited impairment on the SRT than of the CVLT.Conclusions: Our findings show that relational memory is impaired following TBI, and provide preliminary evidence for an easy-to-administer task with increased sensitivity to memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Rigon
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Communication Disorders, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | - Hillary Schwarb
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nathaniel Klooster
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Melissa C Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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21
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Hassevoort KM, Khan NA, Hillman CH, Cohen NJ. Differential development of relational memory and pattern separation. Hippocampus 2019; 30:210-219. [PMID: 31369174 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have taken a number of different approaches in their exploration of hippocampal function. One approach seeks to describe hippocampal function by probing the memory representations that the hippocampus supports. Another approach focuses on the role of the hippocampus in pattern separation and completion. Each of these approaches to understanding hippocampal function utilizes a distinct set of specialized tasks, and both of these task sets are known to be sensitive to changes in hippocampal function with age and disease status. But the question remains whether the tasks utilized in these two approaches tap into the same aspects of hippocampal function. We explored this question in the context of hippocampal development. Preadolescent children (N = 73) and young adults (N = 41) completed an identical battery of cognitive tasks consisting of a spatial reconstruction relational memory task, the mnemonic similarity task (MST)-an object-based pattern separation task, and a novel hybrid task-the Object Discrimination and Distribution (ODD) Task-designed to integrate and simultaneously tax pattern separation and spatial relational memory. Children did not demonstrate impairments in lure discrimination relative to young adults on either the object-based pattern separation task or for aspects of the ODD task that required pattern separation in the absence of relational memory demands but performed more poorly across aspects of tasks that required relational binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Hassevoort
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Center for Brain Plasticity, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology & Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Center for Brain Plasticity, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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22
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Involvement of hippocampal subfields and anterior-posterior subregions in encoding and retrieval of item, spatial, and associative memories: Longitudinal versus transverse axis. Neuroimage 2019; 191:568-586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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23
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Cannavale CN, Hassevoort KM, Edwards CG, Thompson SV, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Erdman JW, Cohen NJ, Khan NA. Serum Lutein is related to Relational Memory Performance. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040768. [PMID: 30986960 PMCID: PMC6521141 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary carotenoids, plant pigments with anti-oxidant properties, accumulate in neural tissue and are often found in lower concentrations among individuals with obesity. Given previous evidence of negative associations between excess adiposity and memory, it is possible that greater carotenoid status may confer neuroprotective effects among persons with overweight or obesity. This study aimed to elucidate relationships between carotenoids assessed in diet, serum, and the macula (macular pigment optical density (MPOD)) and relational memory among adults who are overweight or obese. Adults aged 25-45 years (N = 94) completed a spatial reconstruction task. Task performance was evaluated for accuracy of item placement during reconstruction relative to the location of the item during the study phase. Dietary carotenoids were assessed using 7-day diet records. Serum carotenoids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between carotenoids and task performance. Although initial correlations indicated that dietary lutein, beta-carotene, and serum beta-carotene were positively associated with memory performance, these relationships were not sustained following adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Serum lutein remained positively associated with accuracy in object binding and inversely related to misplacement error after controlling for covariates. Macular carotenoids were not related to memory performance. Findings from this study indicate that among the carotenoids evaluated, lutein may play an important role in hippocampal function among adults who are overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne N Cannavale
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Kelsey M Hassevoort
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Center for Brain Plasticity, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Caitlyn G Edwards
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Sharon V Thompson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - John W Erdman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Center for Brain Plasticity, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
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Hansen N. Memory Reinforcement and Attenuation by Activating the Human Locus Coeruleus via Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:955. [PMID: 30686963 PMCID: PMC6333671 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, Neurology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
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25
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Bjekić J, Čolić MV, Živanović M, Milanović SD, Filipović SR. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over parietal cortex improves associative memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 157:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Lucas HD, Duff MC, Cohen NJ. The Hippocampus Promotes Effective Saccadic Information Gathering in Humans. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 31:186-201. [PMID: 30188777 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that the hippocampus is critical for memory. Recent evidence suggests that one function of hippocampal memory processing is to optimize how people actively explore the world. Here we demonstrate that the link between the hippocampus and exploration extends even to the moment-to-moment use of eye movements during visuospatial memory encoding. In Experiment 1, we examined relationships between study-phase eye movements in healthy individuals and subsequent performance on a spatial reconstruction test. In addition to quantitative measures of viewing behaviors (e.g., how many fixations or saccades were deployed during study), we used the information-theoretic measure of entropy to assess the amount of randomness or disorganization in participants' scanning behaviors. We found that the use of scanpaths during study that were lower in entropy (e.g., more organized, less random) predicted more accurate spatial reconstruction both within and between participants. Scanpath entropy was a better predictor of reconstruction accuracy than were the quantitative measures of viewing. In Experiment 2, we found that individuals with hippocampal amnesia tended to engage in viewing patterns that were higher in entropy (less organized) relative to healthy comparisons. These findings reveal a critical role of the hippocampus in guiding eye movement exploration to optimize visuospatial relational memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D Lucas
- Louisiana State University.,University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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