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Pereira J, Melo S, Ferreira RM, Carneiro P, Yang V, Maia AF, Carvalho J, Figueiredo C, Machado JC, Morais-de-Sá E, Seruca R, Figueiredo J. E-cadherin variants associated with oral facial clefts trigger aberrant cell motility in a REG1A-dependent manner. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:152. [PMID: 38414029 PMCID: PMC10898076 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations of E-cadherin contribute to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) and congenital malformations, such as oral facial clefts (OFC). However, the molecular mechanisms through which E-cadherin loss-of-function triggers distinct clinical outcomes remain unknown. We postulate that E-cadherin-mediated disorders result from abnormal interactions with the extracellular matrix and consequent aberrant intracellular signalling, affecting the coordination of cell migration. METHODS Herein, we developed in vivo and in vitro models of E-cadherin mutants associated with either OFC or HDGC. Using a Drosophila approach, we addressed the impact of the different variants in cell morphology and migration ability. By combining gap closure migration assays and time-lapse microscopy, we further investigated the migration pattern of cells expressing OFC or HDGC variants. The adhesion profile of the variants was evaluated using high-throughput ECM arrays, whereas RNA sequencing technology was explored for identification of genes involved in aberrant cell motility. RESULTS We have demonstrated that cells expressing OFC variants exhibit an excessive motility performance and irregular leading edges, which prevent the coordinated movement of the epithelial monolayer. Importantly, we found that OFC variants promote cell adhesion to a wider variety of extracellular matrices than HDGC variants, suggesting higher plasticity in response to different microenvironments. We unveiled a distinct transcriptomic profile in the OFC setting and pinpointed REG1A as a putative regulator of this outcome. Consistent with this, specific RNAi-mediated inhibition of REG1A shifted the migration pattern of OFC expressing cells, leading to slower wound closure with coordinated leading edges. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that E-cadherin variants associated with OFC activate aberrant signalling pathways that support dynamic rearrangements of cells towards improved adaptability to the microenvironment. This proficiency results in abnormal tissue shaping and movement, possibly underlying the development of orofacial malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soraia Melo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui M Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Carneiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Yang
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André F Maia
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carvalho
- CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ceu Figueiredo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Machado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eurico Morais-de-Sá
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seruca
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Figueiredo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Alvizi L, Nani D, Brito LA, Kobayashi GS, Passos-Bueno MR, Mayor R. Neural crest E-cadherin loss drives cleft lip/palate by epigenetic modulation via pro-inflammatory gene-environment interaction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2868. [PMID: 37225711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-environment interactions are believed to play a role in multifactorial phenotypes, although poorly described mechanistically. Cleft lip/palate (CLP), the most common craniofacial malformation, has been associated with both genetic and environmental factors, with little gene-environment interaction experimentally demonstrated. Here, we study CLP families harbouring CDH1/E-Cadherin variants with incomplete penetrance and we explore the association of pro-inflammatory conditions to CLP. By studying neural crest (NC) from mouse, Xenopus and humans, we show that CLP can be explained by a 2-hit model, where NC migration is impaired by a combination of genetic (CDH1 loss-of-function) and environmental (pro-inflammatory activation) factors, leading to CLP. Finally, using in vivo targeted methylation assays, we demonstrate that CDH1 hypermethylation is the major target of the pro-inflammatory response, and a direct regulator of E-cadherin levels and NC migration. These results unveil a gene-environment interaction during craniofacial development and provide a 2-hit mechanism to explain cleft lip/palate aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alvizi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Diogo Nani
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Abreu Brito
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Shigeru Kobayashi
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
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3
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Decourtye-Espiard L, Guilford P. Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:719-735. [PMID: 36740198 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a dominantly inherited cancer syndrome characterized by a high incidence of diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) and lobular breast cancer (LBC). HDGC is caused by germline mutations in 2 genes involved in the epithelial adherens junction complex, CDH1 and CTNNA1. We discuss the genetics of HDGC and the variability of its clinical phenotype, in particular the variable penetrance of advanced DGC and LBC, both within and between families. We review the pathology of the disease, the mechanism of tumor initiation, and its natural history. Finally, we describe current best practice for the clinical management of HDGC, including emerging genetic testing criteria for the identification of new families, methods for endoscopic surveillance, the complications associated with prophylactic surgery, postoperative quality of life, and the emerging field of HDGC chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyvianne Decourtye-Espiard
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Translational Cancer Research (Te Aho Matatū), Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Parry Guilford
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Translational Cancer Research (Te Aho Matatū), Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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4
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Lansdon LA, Dickinson A, Arlis S, Liu H, Hlas A, Hahn A, Bonde G, Long A, Standley J, Tyryshkina A, Wehby G, Lee NR, Daack-Hirsch S, Mohlke K, Girirajan S, Darbro BW, Cornell RA, Houston DW, Murray JC, Manak JR. Genome-wide analysis of copy-number variation in humans with cleft lip and/or cleft palate identifies COBLL1, RIC1, and ARHGEF38 as clefting genes. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:71-91. [PMID: 36493769 PMCID: PMC9892779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex, heterogeneous etiology. It is well established that common and rare sequence variants contribute to the formation of CL/P, but the contribution of copy-number variants (CNVs) to cleft formation remains relatively understudied. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a large-scale comparative analysis of genome-wide CNV profiles of 869 individuals from the Philippines and 233 individuals of European ancestry with CL/P with three primary goals: first, to evaluate whether differences in CNV number, amount of genomic content, or amount of coding genomic content existed within clefting subtypes; second, to assess whether CNVs in our cohort overlapped with known Mendelian clefting loci; and third, to identify unestablished Mendelian clefting genes. Significant differences in CNVs across cleft types or in individuals with non-syndromic versus syndromic clefts were not observed; however, several CNVs in our cohort overlapped with known syndromic and non-syndromic Mendelian clefting loci. Moreover, employing a filtering strategy relying on population genetics data that rare variants are on the whole more deleterious than common variants, we identify several CNV-associated gene losses likely driving non-syndromic clefting phenotypes. By prioritizing genes deleted at a rare frequency across multiple individuals with clefts yet enriched in our cohort of individuals with clefts compared to control subjects, we identify COBLL1, RIC1, and ARHGEF38 as clefting genes. CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of these genes in Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio yielded craniofacial dysmorphologies, including clefts analogous to those seen in human clefting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Lansdon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | | | - Sydney Arlis
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Arman Hlas
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Alyssa Hahn
- Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Greg Bonde
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Abby Long
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer Standley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - George Wehby
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nanette R Lee
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | | | - Karen Mohlke
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | | | - Benjamin W Darbro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Robert A Cornell
- Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Douglas W Houston
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - J Robert Manak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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5
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Alvizi L, Brito LA, Kobayashi GS, Bischain B, da Silva CBF, Ramos SLG, Wang J, Passos-Bueno MR. m ir152 hypomethylation as a mechanism for non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. Epigenetics 2022; 17:2278-2295. [PMID: 36047706 PMCID: PMC9665146 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP), the most common human craniofacial malformation, is a complex disorder given its genetic heterogeneity and multifactorial component revealed by genetic, epidemiological, and epigenetic findings. Epigenetic variations associated with NSCLP have been identified; however, functional investigation has been limited. Here, we combined a reanalysis of NSCLP methylome data with genetic analysis and used both in vitro and in vivo approaches to dissect the functional effects of epigenetic changes. We found a region in mir152 that is frequently hypomethylated in NSCLP cohorts (21-26%), leading to mir152 overexpression. mir152 overexpression in human neural crest cells led to downregulation of spliceosomal, ribosomal, and adherens junction genes. In vivo analysis using zebrafish embryos revealed that mir152 upregulation leads to craniofacial cartilage impairment. Also, we suggest that zebrafish embryonic hypoxia leads to mir152 upregulation combined with mir152 hypomethylation and also analogous palatal alterations. We therefore propose that mir152 hypomethylation, potentially induced by hypoxia in early development, is a novel and frequent predisposing factor to NSCLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alvizi
- Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células Tronco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Luciano Abreu Brito
- Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células Tronco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Bárbara Bischain
- Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células Tronco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Jaqueline Wang
- Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células Tronco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células Tronco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
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6
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A Novel CDH1 Variant Identified in a Chinese Family with Blepharocheilodontic Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122936. [PMID: 36552944 PMCID: PMC9777284 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to identify the pathogenic gene variant in a Chinese family with Blepharocheilodontic (BCD) syndrome. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the pathogenic gene variant. The harmfulness of the variant was predicted by bioinformatics. We identified a novel heterozygous missense variant c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) in the CDH1 gene in the proband and his mother with BCD syndrome. The sequencing results of three healthy individuals in this family are wild type. This result is consistent with familial co-segregation. According to ReVe, REVEL, CADD, gnomAD, dbSNP, and the classification of pathogenic variants with the standards of the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG), c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) is predicted to be a likely pathogenic. We observed that variant c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) was located in the extracellular cadherin-type repeats in CDH1. Amino acid sequence alignment of the CDH1 protein among multiple species showed that Asp400 was highly evolutionarily conserved. The conformational analysis showed that this variant might cause structural damage to the CDH1 protein. Phenotypic analysis revealed unique dental phenotypes in patients with BCD syndrome, such as oligodontia, conical-shaped teeth, and notching of the incisal edges. Our results broaden the variation spectrum of BCD syndrome and phenotype spectrum of CDH1, which can help with the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling in relation to BCD syndrome.
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7
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Li M, Wang H. Pathway analysis identified a significant association between cell-cell adherens junctions-related genes and non-syndromic cleft lip/palate in 895 Asian case-parent trios. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 136:105384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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To Stick or Not to Stick: Adhesions in Orofacial Clefts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020153. [PMID: 35205020 PMCID: PMC8869391 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Morphogenesis requires a tight coordination between mechanical forces and biochemical signals to inform individual cellular behavior. For these developmental processes to happen correctly the organism requires precise spatial and temporal coordination of the adhesion, migration, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis of cells originating from the three key embryonic layers, namely the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The cytoskeleton and its remodeling are essential to organize and amplify many of the signaling pathways required for proper morphogenesis. In particular, the interaction of the cell junctions with the cytoskeleton functions to amplify the behavior of individual cells into collective events that are critical for development. In this review we summarize the key morphogenic events that occur during the formation of the face and the palate, as well as the protein complexes required for cell-to-cell adhesions. We then integrate the current knowledge into a comprehensive review of how mutations in cell-to-cell adhesion genes lead to abnormal craniofacial development, with a particular focus on cleft lip with or without cleft palate.
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Mink van der Molen AB, van Breugel JMM, Janssen NG, Admiraal RJC, van Adrichem LNA, Bierenbroodspot F, Bittermann D, van den Boogaard MJH, Broos PH, Dijkstra-Putkamer JJM, van Gemert-Schriks MCM, Kortlever ALJ, Mouës-Vink CM, Swanenburg de Veye HFN, van Tol-Verbeek N, Vermeij-Keers C, de Wilde H, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Treatment of Patients with Cleft Lip, Alveolus, and Palate: An Executive Summary. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214813. [PMID: 34768332 PMCID: PMC8584510 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant treatment variation exists in the Netherlands between teams treating patients with cleft lip, alveolus, and/or palate, resulting in a confusing and undesirable situation for patients, parents, and practitioners. Therefore, to optimize cleft care, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) were developed. The aim of this report is to describe CPG development, share the main recommendations, and indicate knowledge gaps regarding cleft care. Together with patients and parents, a multidisciplinary working group of representatives from all relevant disciplines assisted by two experienced epidemiologists identified the topics to be addressed in the CPGs. Searching the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases identified 5157 articles, 60 of which remained after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. We rated the quality of the evidence from moderate to very low. The working group formulated 71 recommendations regarding genetic testing, feeding, lip and palate closure, hearing, hypernasality, bone grafting, orthodontics, psychosocial guidance, dentistry, osteotomy versus distraction, and rhinoplasty. The final CPGs were obtained after review by all stakeholders and allow cleft teams to base their treatment on current knowledge. With high-quality evidence lacking, the need for additional high-quality studies has become apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aebele B. Mink van der Molen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.M.M.v.B.); (L.N.A.v.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-88-7554-004
| | - Johanna M. M. van Breugel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.M.M.v.B.); (L.N.A.v.A.)
| | - Nard G. Janssen
- Department Maxillo Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.G.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Ronald J. C. Admiraal
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Leon N. A. van Adrichem
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.M.M.v.B.); (L.N.A.v.A.)
| | | | - Dirk Bittermann
- Department Maxillo Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.G.J.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Pieter H. Broos
- Knowledge Institute of the Federation of Medical Specialists, 3528 BL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.H.B.); (A.L.J.K.)
| | | | | | - Andrea L. J. Kortlever
- Knowledge Institute of the Federation of Medical Specialists, 3528 BL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.H.B.); (A.L.J.K.)
| | - Chantal M. Mouës-Vink
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands;
| | | | | | - Christl Vermeij-Keers
- Dutch Association for Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies, 3643 AE Mijdrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Hester de Wilde
- Department of Speech Therapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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Lifestyles, genetics, and future perspectives on gastric cancer in east Asian populations. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:887-899. [PMID: 34267306 PMCID: PMC8384627 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of gastric cancer (GC) differs among regions worldwide, with the highest occurrence in east Asia. Thus, its etiology, with respect to ethnic background, environmental factors, and lifestyles, is also thought to differ essentially. In addition, etiology of GC is speculated to be changing due to the recent decrease in the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Japan. State-of-the-art somatic/germline cancer genomics has clarified the etiologies of gastric carcinogenesis. In this review article, we summarize past and present milestones in our understanding of GC achieved through genomic approaches, including a recent report that revealed higher-than-expected frequencies of GCs attributed to east Asian-specific germline variants in ALDH2 or CDH1 in combination with lifestyles. Based on this updated knowledge, we also discuss the possible impact of and high-risk approaches for GCs in the upcoming "H. pylori-negative era."
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Li D, March ME, Fortugno P, Cox LL, Matsuoka LS, Monetta R, Seiler C, Pyle LC, Bedoukian EC, Sánchez-Soler MJ, Caluseriu O, Grand K, Tam A, Aycinena ARP, Camerota L, Guo Y, Sleiman P, Callewaert B, Kumps C, Dheedene A, Buckley M, Kirk EP, Turner A, Kamien B, Patel C, Wilson M, Roscioli T, Christodoulou J, Cox TC, Zackai EH, Brancati F, Hakonarson H, Bhoj EJ. Pathogenic variants in CDH11 impair cell adhesion and cause Teebi hypertelorism syndrome. Hum Genet 2021; 140:1061-1076. [PMID: 33811546 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Teebi hypertelorism syndrome (THS; OMIM 145420) is a rare craniofacial disorder characterized by hypertelorism, prominent forehead, short nose with broad or depressed nasal root. Some cases of THS have been attributed to SPECC1L variants. Homozygous variants in CDH11 truncating the transmembrane and intracellular domains have been implicated in Elsahy-Waters syndrome (EWS; OMIM 211380) with hypertelorism. We report THS due to CDH11 heterozygous missense variants on 19 subjects from 9 families. All affected residues in the extracellular region of Cadherin-11 (CHD11) are highly conserved across vertebrate species and classical cadherins. Six of the variants that cluster around the EC2-EC3 and EC3-EC4 linker regions are predicted to affect Ca2+ binding that is required for cadherin stability. Two of the additional variants [c.164G > C, p.(Trp55Ser) and c.418G > A, p.(Glu140Lys)] are also notable as they are predicted to directly affect trans-homodimer formation. Immunohistochemical study demonstrates that CDH11 is strongly expressed in human facial mesenchyme. Using multiple functional assays, we show that five variants from the EC1, EC2-EC3 linker, and EC3 regions significantly reduced the cell-substrate trans adhesion activity and one variant from EC3-EC4 linker results in changes in cell morphology, focal adhesion, and migration, suggesting dominant negative effect. Characteristic features in this cohort included depressed nasal root, cardiac and umbilical defects. These features distinguished this phenotype from that seen in SPECC1L-related hypertelorism syndrome and CDH11-related EWS. Our results demonstrate heterozygous variants in CDH11, which decrease cell-cell adhesion and increase cell migratory behavior, cause a form of THS, as termed CDH11-related THS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paola Fortugno
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Liza L Cox
- Departments of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Leticia S Matsuoka
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosanna Monetta
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Christoph Seiler
- Zebrafish Core Facility, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Louise C Pyle
- Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma C Bedoukian
- Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - María José Sánchez-Soler
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - Oana Caluseriu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.,The Stollery Pediatric Hospital, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Katheryn Grand
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Allison Tam
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alicia R P Aycinena
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Letizia Camerota
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Candy Kumps
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Buckley
- NSW Health Pathology Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Edwin P Kirk
- NSW Health Pathology Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Turner
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kamien
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Chirag Patel
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- NSW Health Pathology Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia and Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Timothy C Cox
- Departments of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Bhoj
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Tacla MA, Sgardioli IC, Vieira TP, Monlleó IL. Brazil's Craniofacial Project: Different approaches on orofacial clefts and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:912-927. [PMID: 33166033 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the present situation of Brazilian health care in genetics for Orofacial Cleft (OFC) and 22q11.2 Deletions Syndrome (22q11.2 DS) based on research conducted by Brazil's Craniofacial Project (BCFP). Established in 2003, BCFP is a voluntary and cooperative network aiming to investigate the health care of people with these diseases and other craniofacial anomalies. The initiatives and research results are presented in four sections: (a) a comprehensive report of the Brazilian public health system in craniofacial genetics; (b) multicentric studies developed on OFC and 22q11.2 DS; (c) education strategies focused on addressing these conditions for both population and health-care professionals; and (d) the nosology through the Brazilian Database on Craniofacial Anomalies (BDCA). Since 2006, BDCA uses a standardized method with detailed clinical data collection, which allows for conducting studies on nosology, genotype-phenotype correlations, and natural history; data can also contribute to public policies. Currently, the BDCA stores data on 1,724 individuals, including 1,351 (78.36%) who were primarily admitted due to OFC and 373 (21.63%) with clinical suspicion of 22q11.2 DS. Chromosomal abnormalities/genomic imbalances were represented by 92/213 (43.19%) individuals with syndromic OFC, including 43 with 22q11.2 DS, which indicates the need for chromosomal microarray analysis in this group. The nosologic diversity reinforces that monitoring clinical is the best strategy for etiological investigation. BCFP's methodology has introduced the possibility of increasing scientific knowledge and genetic diagnosis of OFC and 22q11.2 DS to in turn improve health care and policies for this group of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Atique Tacla
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ilária Cristina Sgardioli
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Társis Paiva Vieira
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Lopes Monlleó
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital, Medical Genetics Sector, Federal University of Alagoas-UFAL, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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13
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LeBlanc S, Naveen D, Haan E, Barnett C, Rawlings L, Roscioli T, Poplawski N. CDH1-related blepharocheilodontic syndrome is associated with diffuse gastric cancer risk. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1780-1784. [PMID: 32302040 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of diffuse gastric cancer in an individual with familial blepharocheilodontic syndrome (BCD) due to a germline CDH1 likely pathogenic variant. To date, other BCD affected relatives are nonpenetrant for diffuse gastric cancer posing challenges to counseling regarding gastric and breast cancer surveillance, and preventative total gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon LeBlanc
- Paediatric and Reproductive Genetics Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dildeepa Naveen
- Metabolic Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eric Haan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Barnett
- Paediatric and Reproductive Genetics Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lesley Rawlings
- Genetics & Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,New South Wales Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicola Poplawski
- Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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14
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CDH1 Mutation Distribution and Type Suggests Genetic Differences between the Etiology of Orofacial Clefting and Gastric Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040391. [PMID: 32260281 PMCID: PMC7231129 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in CDH1, encoding epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), have been implicated in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), lobular breast cancer, and both syndromic and non-syndromic cleft lip/palate (CL/P). Despite the large number of CDH1 mutations described, the nature of the phenotypic consequence of such mutations is currently not able to be predicted, creating significant challenges for genetic counselling. This study collates the phenotype and molecular data for available CDH1 variants that have been classified, using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria, as at least ‘likely pathogenic’, and correlates their molecular and structural characteristics to phenotype. We demonstrate that CDH1 variant type and location differ between HDGC and CL/P, and that there is clustering of CL/P variants within linker regions between the extracellular domains of the cadherin protein. While these differences do not provide for exact prediction of the phenotype for a given mutation, they may contribute to more accurate assessments of risk for HDGC or CL/P for individuals with specific CDH1 variants.
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15
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Du S, Yang Y, Yi P, Luo J, Liu T, Chen R, Liu CJ, Ma T, Li Y, Wang C, Weng J, Liu M, Zhang L, Yang B, Zeng X, Liu JY. A Novel CDH1 Mutation Causing Reduced E-Cadherin Dimerization Is Associated with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:759-765. [PMID: 31638429 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with an average prevalence of 1/700 to 1/1000. Almost 70% of CL/P cases are nonsyndromic CL/P (NSCL/P). The aim of this study was to identify the underlying cause of a four-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant NSCL/P. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes, and whole-exome sequencing was carried out to identify the underlying genetic cause of the disorder. The mutation was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation were used to analyze the protein expression level and adhesive dimerization of the CDH1 mutants. Slow aggregation assays were conducted to investigate the cell-cell adhesion ability. Results: A novel missense mutation (c.468G>C/p.Trp156Cys) of CDH1 was identified in the proband and the mutation was shown to cosegregate with the phenotype in the family. Furthermore, we found that the p.Trp156Cys mutation led to decreased E-cadherin dimerization and cell-cell adhesion ability. Conclusions: Our findings identified a novel CDH1 variant (c.468G>C/p.Trp156Cys) responsible for NSCL/P in a Chinese family, which expanded the mutational spectrum of the CDH1 gene and may contribute to understanding the molecular basis of NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Neurology & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingbin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulei Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Weng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mugen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baosheng Yang
- Sanquan College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaomei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Liu D, Wang M, Yuan Y, Schwender H, Wang H, Wang P, Zhou Z, Li J, Wu T, Zhu H, Beaty TH. Gene-gene interaction among cell adhesion genes and risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Chinese case-parent trios. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00872. [PMID: 31419083 PMCID: PMC6785639 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect with complex etiology. One strategy for studying the genetic risk factors of NSCL/P is to consider gene–gene interaction (G × G) among gene pathways having a role in craniofacial development. The present study aimed to investigate the G × G among cell adhesion gene pathway. Methods We carried out an interaction analysis of eight genes involved in cell adherens junctions among 806 NSCL/P Chinese case‐parent trios originally recruited for a genome‐wide association study (GWAS). Regression‐based approach was used to test for two‐way G × G interaction, while machine learning algorithm was run for exploring both two‐way and multi‐way interaction that may affect the risk of NSCL/P. Results A two‐way ACTN1 × CTNNB1 interaction reached the adjusted significance level. The single nucleotide polymorphisms pair composed of rs17252114 (CTNNB1) and rs1274944 (ACTN1) yielded a p value of .0002, and this interaction was also supported by the logic regression algorithm. Higher order interactions involving ACTN1, CTNNB1, and CDH1 were picked out by logic regression, suggesting a potential role in NSCL/P risk. Conclusion This study suggests for the first time evidence of both two‐way and multi‐way G × G interactions among cell adhesion genes contributing to the NSCL/P risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Holger Schwender
- Mathematical Institute, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Terri H Beaty
- School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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17
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Butali A, Mossey PA, Adeyemo WL, Eshete MA, Gowans LJJ, Busch TD, Jain D, Yu W, Huan L, Laurie CA, Laurie CC, Nelson S, Li M, Sanchez-Lara PA, Magee WP, Magee KS, Auslander A, Brindopke F, Kay DM, Caggana M, Romitti PA, Mills JL, Audu R, Onwuamah C, Oseni GO, Owais A, James O, Olaitan PB, Aregbesola BS, Braimah RO, Oginni FO, Oladele AO, Bello SA, Rhodes J, Shiang R, Donkor P, Obiri-Yeboah S, Arthur FKN, Twumasi P, Agbenorku P, Plange-Rhule G, Oti AA, Ogunlewe OM, Oladega AA, Adekunle AA, Erinoso AO, Adamson OO, Elufowoju AA, Ayelomi OI, Hailu T, Hailu A, Demissie Y, Derebew M, Eliason S, Romero-Bustillous M, Lo C, Park J, Desai S, Mohammed M, Abate F, Abdur-Rahman LO, Anand D, Saadi I, Oladugba AV, Lachke SA, Amendt BA, Rotimi CN, Marazita ML, Cornell RA, Murray JC, Adeyemo AA. Genomic analyses in African populations identify novel risk loci for cleft palate. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:1038-1051. [PMID: 30452639 PMCID: PMC6400042 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefts are common developmental disorders that pose significant clinical, economical and psychological problems. We conducted genome-wide association analyses for cleft palate only (CPO) and cleft lip with or without palate (CL/P) with ~17 million markers in sub-Saharan Africans. After replication and combined analyses, we identified novel loci for CPO at or near genome-wide significance on chromosomes 2 (near CTNNA2) and 19 (near SULT2A1). In situ hybridization of Sult2a1 in mice showed expression of SULT2A1 in mesenchymal cells in palate, palatal rugae and palatal epithelium in the fused palate. The previously reported 8q24 was the most significant locus for CL/P in our study, and we replicated several previously reported loci including PAX7 and VAX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Azeez Butali, Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA 52242, USA. Tel:+319 3358980; Fax: 319-384-1169; ; or Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel: (301) 594-7501; Fax: (301) 451-5426;
| | - Peter A Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mekonen A Eshete
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lord J J Gowans
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
| | - Tamara D Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, Genetic Analysis Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Liu Huan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST, Ministry of Science and Technology) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cecelia A Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, Genetic Analysis Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, Genetic Analysis Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, Genetic Analysis Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Pedro A Sanchez-Lara
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William P Magee
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen S Magee
- Operation Smile, 3641 Faculty Boulevard, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Allyn Auslander
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frederick Brindopke
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Denise M Kay
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Michele Caggana
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - James L Mills
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rosemary Audu
- Department of Virology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Chika Onwuamah
- Department of Virology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu O Oseni
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Science and Technology, Osogbo, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Arwa Owais
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Olutayo James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Peter B Olaitan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Science and Technology, Osogbo, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde S Aregbesola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Ramat O Braimah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Fadekemi O Oginni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji O Oladele
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | | | - Jennifer Rhodes
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rita Shiang
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Peter Donkor
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
| | | | | | - Peter Twumasi
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
| | - Pius Agbenorku
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
| | | | | | - Olugbenga M Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Afisu A Oladega
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adegbayi A Adekunle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Akinwunmi O Erinoso
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olatunbosun O Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abosede A Elufowoju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwanifemi I Ayelomi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Taiye Hailu
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiye Hailu
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Demissie
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Miliard Derebew
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Steve Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | | | - Cynthia Lo
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - James Park
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Shaan Desai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Muiawa Mohammed
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Firke Abate
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lukman O Abdur-Rahman
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
| | - Deepti Anand
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Irfaan Saadi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, USA
| | | | - Salil A Lachke
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, and Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Cornell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | | | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Azeez Butali, Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA 52242, USA. Tel:+319 3358980; Fax: 319-384-1169; ; or Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel: (301) 594-7501; Fax: (301) 451-5426;
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Reynolds K, Kumari P, Sepulveda Rincon L, Gu R, Ji Y, Kumar S, Zhou CJ. Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/2/dmm037051. [PMID: 30760477 PMCID: PMC6398499 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis, including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth week of gestation in humans or embryonic day 9.5 in mice. Disruptions in these early events may cause serious consequences, such as orofacial clefts, mainly cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Morphogenetic Wnt signaling, along with other signaling pathways and transcription regulation mechanisms, plays crucial roles during embryonic development, yet the signaling mechanisms and interactions in lip and palate formation and fusion remain poorly understood. Various Wnt signaling and related genes have been associated with orofacial clefts. This Review discusses the role of Wnt signaling and its crosstalk with cell adhesion molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and other morphogenetic signaling pathways, including the Bmp, Fgf, Tgfβ, Shh and retinoic acid pathways, in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models, which may provide a better understanding of these disorders and could be applied towards prevention and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Lessly Sepulveda Rincon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA .,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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19
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Figueiredo J, Melo S, Carneiro P, Moreira AM, Fernandes MS, Ribeiro AS, Guilford P, Paredes J, Seruca R. Clinical spectrum and pleiotropic nature of CDH1 germline mutations. J Med Genet 2019; 56:199-208. [PMID: 30661051 PMCID: PMC6581119 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CDH1 encodes E-cadherin, a key protein in adherens junctions. Given that E-cadherin is involved in major cellular processes such as embryogenesis and maintenance of tissue architecture, it is no surprise that deleterious effects arise from its loss of function. E-cadherin is recognised as a tumour suppressor gene, and it is well established that CDH1 genetic alterations cause diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer—the foremost manifestations of the hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome. However, in the last decade, evidence has emerged demonstrating that CDH1 mutations can be associated with lobular breast cancer and/or several congenital abnormalities, without any personal or family history of diffuse gastric cancer. To date, no genotype–phenotype correlations have been observed. Remarkably, there are reports of mutations affecting the same nucleotide but inducing distinct clinical outcomes. In this review, we bring together a comprehensive analysis of CDH1-associated disorders and germline alterations found in each trait, providing important insights into the biological mechanisms underlying E-cadherin’s pleiotropic effects. Ultimately, this knowledge will impact genetic counselling and will be relevant to the assessment of risk of cancer development or congenital malformations in CDH1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Figueiredo
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Soraia Melo
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Carneiro
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Moreira
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Sofia Fernandes
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Systems and Robotics (ISR/IST), LARSyS, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Ribeiro
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Parry Guilford
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Translational Cancer Research (Te Aho Matatū), Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joana Paredes
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seruca
- Epithelial Interactions in Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
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Frequency of CDH1 germline variants and contribution of dietary habits in early age onset gastric cancer patients in Brazil. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22:920-931. [PMID: 30895400 PMCID: PMC6694034 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-019-00945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The contribution of CDH1 germline variants to gastric cancer burden among young adults is unknown in Brazil. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of CDH1 germline variants and the diet/lifestyle habits in early age onset gastric cancer (EOGC, ≤ 55 years old) patients. METHODOLOGY From 2013 to 2015, a total of 88 unrelated and consecutive patients diagnosed with EOGC were enrolled. All CDH1 exons and intronic boundaries were sequenced, and large genomic rearrangements were screened by MLPA. CDH1 transcription analysis was performed for variants that could potentially induce an effect on splicing. The diet and lifestyle habits of EOGC patients were compared to Brazilian population diet and lifestyle, obtained from governmental databases. RESULTS Of 88 patients, the mean age at EOGC diagnosis was 39 years and 55% fulfilled the criteria for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. The majority of the tumors were diffuse (74%) and poorly differentiated (80%). In total, 4 novel missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified: c.313T>A, c.387G>T, c.1676G>A, and c.1806C>A. The MLPA results revealed no rearrangements and CDH1 transcription analysis for variants of interest were inconclusive. EOGC patients had a higher red (OR:2.6, 95%CI:1.4-4.9) and processed (OR:3.1, 95%CI:1.6-6.0) meat intake and higher fruit consumption (OR:0.4, 95%IC:0.3-0.7) compared to eating habits of the Brazilian population. CONCLUSIONS No unequivocal pathogenic germline CDH1 variants were identified in Brazilian EOGC patients. Dietary habits may be associated with the EOGC development.
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Degen M, Wiederkehr A, La Scala GC, Carmann C, Schnyder I, Katsaros C. Keratinocytes Isolated From Individual Cleft Lip/Palate Patients Display Variations in Their Differentiation Potential in vitro. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1703. [PMID: 30555344 PMCID: PMC6281767 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain more understanding of the complex molecular processes underlying cleft lip/palate (CLP), we established a unique human cell bank, consisting of keratinocytes and corresponding fibroblasts from individual CLP patients as a new study tool. After their careful characterization, we used such patient-derived cell cultures as well as control keratinocytes for in vitro differentiation and proliferation assays. Foreskin-derived control cells as a group showed significant higher induction of the late differentiation markers Loricrin and Filaggrin than the group of CLP patients-derived keratinocytes. Additionally, we detected great variations between individual CLP keratinocyte cell cultures in regard to their potential to terminally differentiate as assessed by the induction of Loricrin and Filaggrin. Primary patient cell cultures that did not properly differentiate, exhibited high proliferation rates. Moreover, we could correlate the expression levels of transcription factor IRF6 to the ability of individual cell cultures to terminally differentiate. Using clinically relevant, patient-derived cells, our results suggest that some of the genetic predispositions causing CLP might also lead to deficiencies in keratinocyte differentiation manifested in in vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Wiederkehr
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio C La Scala
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christina Carmann
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schnyder
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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22
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Obermair F, Rammer M, Burghofer J, Malli T, Schossig A, Wimmer K, Kranewitter W, Mayrbaeurl B, Duba HC, Webersinke G. Cleft lip/palate and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: report of a family harboring a CDH1 c.687 + 1G > A germline mutation and review of the literature. Fam Cancer 2018; 18:253-260. [DOI: 10.1007/s10689-018-0111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Takahashi M, Hosomichi K, Yamaguchi T, Nagahama R, Yoshida H, Maki K, Marazita ML, Weinberg SM, Tajima A. Whole-genome sequencing in a pair of monozygotic twins with discordant cleft lip and palate subtypes. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1303-1309. [PMID: 29873870 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common and etiologically complex birth defects. This study explored potential genetic differences in a pair of Japanese monozygotic (MZ) twins with different forms of OFC using whole-genome sequencing. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One co-twin (MZ-1) presented with nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and palate; the other co-twin (MZ-2) had nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and unilateral left-sided cleft alveolus. Neither parent had an OFC. Craniofacial morphologic features and potential genetic differences were compared using standard cephalometry and whole-genome sequencing, respectively. RESULTS Morphologically, MZ-1 had a smaller vertical mandibular height, compared to MZ-2. However, no discordant genetic differences were detected. Moreover, both twins and their parents harbored rare candidate gene variants (GRHL3; TPM1) considered to be associated with OFCs. CONCLUSION The observed differences between MZ-1 and MZ-2 in craniofacial morphology assessed by cephalograms might be directly attributable to the effects of the OFC on growth and/or differences in surgical history, given the lack of any differences in genetic background. However, comparisons of discordant MZ twins should continue to identify novel candidates that might control OFC or that might partly explain the missing heritability for this common birth defect, in addition to understanding craniofacial growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryo Nagahama
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Mutations in the Epithelial Cadherin-p120-Catenin Complex Cause Mendelian Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:1143-1157. [PMID: 29805042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NS-CL/P) is one of the most common human birth defects and is generally considered a complex trait. Despite numerous loci identified by genome-wide association studies, the effect sizes of common variants are relatively small, with much of the presumed genetic contribution remaining elusive. We report exome-sequencing results in 209 people from 72 multi-affected families with pedigree structures consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance and variable penetrance. Herein, pathogenic variants are described in four genes encoding components of the p120-catenin complex (CTNND1, PLEKHA7, PLEKHA5) and an epithelial splicing regulator (ESRP2), in addition to the known CL/P-associated gene, CDH1, which encodes E-cadherin. The findings were also validated in a second cohort of 497 people with NS-CL/P, comprising small families and singletons with pathogenic variants in these genes identified in 14% of multi-affected families and 2% of the replication cohort of smaller families. Enriched expression of each gene/protein in human and mouse embryonic oro-palatal epithelia, demonstration of functional impact of CTNND1 and ESRP2 variants, and recapitulation of the CL/P spectrum in Ctnnd1 knockout mice support a causative role in CL/P pathogenesis. These data show that primary defects in regulators of epithelial cell adhesion are the most significant contributors to NS-CL/P identified to date and that inherited and de novo single gene variants explain a substantial proportion of NS-CL/P.
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Pena-Couso L, Perea J, Melo S, Mercadillo F, Figueiredo J, Sanches JM, Sánchez-Ruiz A, Robles L, Seruca R, Urioste M. Clinical and functional characterization of the CDH1 germline variant c.1679C>G in three unrelated families with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1348-1353. [PMID: 29769627 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline changes in the CDH1 tumor suppressor gene predispose to diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. In carriers of deleterious germline CDH1 variants, prophylactic gastrectomy is recommended. In case of germline missense variants, it is mandatory to assess the functional impact on E-cadherin, the protein encoded by CDH1, and to predict their clinical significance. Herein, we have identified a recurrent germline missense variant, c.1679C>G, segregating with gastric cancer in three unrelated Spanish families. Through genetic, transcriptional, in silico and in vitro studies, we demonstrate the deleterious effect of the c.1679C>G variant and its association with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, providing relevant data to relatives and allowing an accurate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pena-Couso
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Perea
- Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soraia Melo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Mercadillo
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Figueiredo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Sanches
- Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Antonio Sánchez-Ruiz
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Robles
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Seruca
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Urioste
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
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Kumari P, Singh SK, Raman R. A novel non-coding RNA within an intron of CDH2 and association of its SNP with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. Gene 2018. [PMID: 29524576 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide linkage analysis and whole genome sequencing in a Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) family revealed that the SNP, rs539075, within intron 2 of the cadherin 2 gene (CDH2) co-segregated with the disease phenotype. RESULTS A study with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P) cases (N = 292) and controls (N = 287) established association of this SNP with NSCL ± P as a risk factor. RT-PCR based expression analysis of the SNP-harbouring region of intron 2 of CDH2 in the clefted lip and/or palate tissues of 16 patients revealed that the mutant allele expressed in all those individuals having it (hetero-/homozygous), whereas the wild type allele expressed in <50% of the samples in which it was present. The intronic transcript was also present in the prospective lip and palate region of 13.5 dpc mouse embryo, detected by RNA in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS These results including the in silico, characterization of the ~200 nt-intronic transcript showed that conformationally it fits best with noncoding small RNA, possibly a precursor of miRNA. Its function in the orofacial organogenesis remains to be elucidated which will enable us to define the role of this mutant ncRNA in the clefting of lip and palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kumari
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Singh
- G. S. Memorial Plastic Surgery Hospital and Trauma Center, Varanasi 221010, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajiva Raman
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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27
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Assis Machado R, de Toledo IP, Martelli-Júnior H, Reis SR, Neves Silva Guerra E, Coletta RD. Potential genetic markers for nonsyndromic oral clefts in the Brazilian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Birth Defects Res 2018; 110:827-839. [DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Assis Machado
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Isabela Porto de Toledo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty; University of Brasília; Brasília DF Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty; University of Brasília; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
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Kievit A, Tessadori F, Douben H, Jordens I, Maurice M, Hoogeboom J, Hennekam R, Nampoothiri S, Kayserili H, Castori M, Whiteford M, Motter C, Melver C, Cunningham M, Hing A, Kokitsu-Nakata NM, Vendramini-Pittoli S, Richieri-Costa A, Baas AF, Breugem CC, Duran K, Massink M, Derksen PWB, van IJcken WFJ, van Unen L, Santos-Simarro F, Lapunzina P, Gil-da Silva Lopes VL, Lustosa-Mendes E, Krall M, Slavotinek A, Martinez-Glez V, Bakkers J, van Gassen KLI, de Klein A, van den Boogaard MJH, van Haaften G. Variants in members of the cadherin-catenin complex, CDH1 and CTNND1, cause blepharocheilodontic syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:210-219. [PMID: 29348693 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Blepharocheilodontic syndrome (BCDS) consists of lagophthalmia, ectropion of the lower eyelids, distichiasis, euryblepharon, cleft lip/palate and dental anomalies and has autosomal dominant inheritance with variable expression. We identified heterozygous variants in two genes of the cadherin-catenin complex, CDH1, encoding E-cadherin, and CTNND1, encoding p120 catenin delta1 in 15 of 17 BCDS index patients, as was recently described in a different publication. CDH1 plays an essential role in epithelial cell adherence; CTNND1 binds to CDH1 and controls the stability of the complex. Functional experiments in zebrafish and human cells showed that the CDH1 variants impair the cell adhesion function of the cadherin-catenin complex in a dominant-negative manner. Variants in CDH1 have been linked to familial hereditary diffuse gastric cancer and invasive lobular breast cancer; however, no cases of gastric or breast cancer have been reported in our BCDS cases. Functional experiments reported here indicated the BCDS variants comprise a distinct class of CDH1 variants. Altogether, we identified the genetic cause of BCDS enabling DNA diagnostics and counseling, in addition we describe a novel class of dominant negative CDH1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands.
| | - Federico Tessadori
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CT, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie Douben
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Jordens
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon Maurice
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Jeannette Hoogeboom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, 71013, Italy
| | - Margo Whiteford
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Connie Motter
- Division of Medical Genetics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, 44308, USA
| | - Catherine Melver
- Division of Medical Genetics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, 44308, USA
| | - Michael Cunningham
- Division of Craniofacial Medicine, University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Jean Renny Chair of Craniofacial Medicine, Seattle Children's Craniofacial Center, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Anne Hing
- Division of Craniofacial Medicine, University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Jean Renny Chair of Craniofacial Medicine, Seattle Children's Craniofacial Center, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Nancy M Kokitsu-Nakata
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRCA), University of São Paulo, Bauru, 17012-900, Brazil
| | - Siulan Vendramini-Pittoli
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRCA), University of São Paulo, Bauru, 17012-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Richieri-Costa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRCA), University of São Paulo, Bauru, 17012-900, Brazil
| | - Annette F Baas
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Corstiaan C Breugem
- Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584EA, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Duran
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Massink
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leontine van Unen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- INGEMM, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Vera L Gil-da Silva Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Elaine Lustosa-Mendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Max Krall
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Victor Martinez-Glez
- INGEMM, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CT, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CM, The Netherlands
| | - Koen L I van Gassen
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José H van den Boogaard
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CG, The Netherlands.
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Predicting the Functional Impact of CDH1 Missense Mutations in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122687. [PMID: 29231860 PMCID: PMC5751289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of E-cadherin in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is unequivocal. Germline alterations in its encoding gene (CDH1) are causative of HDGC and occur in about 40% of patients. Importantly, while in most cases CDH1 alterations result in the complete loss of E-cadherin associated with a well-established clinical impact, in about 20% of cases the mutations are of the missense type. The latter are of particular concern in terms of genetic counselling and clinical management, as the effect of the sequence variants in E-cadherin function is not predictable. If a deleterious variant is identified, prophylactic surgery could be recommended. Therefore, over the last few years, intensive research has focused on evaluating the functional consequences of CDH1 missense variants and in assessing E-cadherin pathogenicity. In that context, our group has contributed to better characterize CDH1 germline missense variants and is now considered a worldwide reference centre. In this review, we highlight the state of the art methodologies to categorize CDH1 variants, as neutral or deleterious. This information is subsequently integrated with clinical data for genetic counseling and management of CDH1 variant carriers.
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30
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Lough KJ, Byrd KM, Spitzer DC, Williams SE. Closing the Gap: Mouse Models to Study Adhesion in Secondary Palatogenesis. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1210-1220. [PMID: 28817360 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517726284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary palatogenesis occurs when the bilateral palatal shelves (PS), arising from maxillary prominences, fuse at the midline, forming the hard and soft palate. This embryonic phenomenon involves a complex array of morphogenetic events that require coordinated proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and adhesion in the PS epithelia and underlying mesenchyme. When the delicate process of craniofacial morphogenesis is disrupted, the result is orofacial clefting, including cleft lip and cleft palate (CL/P). Through human genetic and animal studies, there are now hundreds of known genetic alternations associated with orofacial clefts; so, it is not surprising that CL/P is among the most common of all birth defects. In recent years, in vitro cell-based assays, ex vivo palate cultures, and genetically engineered animal models have advanced our understanding of the developmental and cell biological pathways that contribute to palate closure. This is particularly true for the areas of PS patterning and growth as well as medial epithelial seam dissolution during palatal fusion. Here, we focus on epithelial cell-cell adhesion, a critical but understudied process in secondary palatogenesis, and provide a review of the available tools and mouse models to better understand this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lough
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K M Byrd
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D C Spitzer
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S E Williams
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Alvizi L, Ke X, Brito LA, Seselgyte R, Moore GE, Stanier P, Passos-Bueno MR. Differential methylation is associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate and contributes to penetrance effects. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2441. [PMID: 28550290 PMCID: PMC5446392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCLP) is a common congenital malformation with a multifactorial model of inheritance. Although several at-risk alleles have been identified, they do not completely explain the high heritability. We postulate that epigenetic factors as DNA methylation might contribute to this missing heritability. Using a Methylome-wide association study in a Brazilian cohort (67 NSCLP, 59 controls), we found 578 methylation variable positions (MVPs) that were significantly associated with NSCLP. MVPs were enriched in regulatory and active regions of the genome and in pathways already implicated in craniofacial development. In an independent UK cohort (171 NSCLP, 177 controls), we replicated 4 out of 11 tested MVPs. We demonstrated a significant positive correlation between blood and lip tissue DNA methylation, indicating blood as a suitable tissue for NSCLP methylation studies. Next, we quantified CDH1 promoter methylation levels in CDH1 mutation-positive families, including penetrants, non-penetrants or non-carriers for NSCLP. We found methylation levels to be significantly higher in the penetrant individuals. Taken together, our results demonstrated the association of methylation at specific genomic locations as contributing factors to both non-familial and familial NSCLP and altered DNA methylation may be a second hit contributing to penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alvizi
- Centro de Pesquisas Sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Xiayi Ke
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Luciano Abreu Brito
- Centro de Pesquisas Sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rimante Seselgyte
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Gudrun E Moore
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Philip Stanier
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK.
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Pesquisas Sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Blepharocheilodontic syndrome is a CDH1 pathway-related disorder due to mutations in CDH1 and CTNND1. Genet Med 2017; 19:1013-1021. [PMID: 28301459 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Blepharocheilodontic (BCD) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by eyelid malformations, cleft lip/palate, and ectodermal dysplasia. The molecular basis of BCD syndrome remains unknown. METHODS We recruited 11 patients from 8 families and performed exome sequencing for 5 families with de novo BCD syndrome cases and targeted Sanger sequencing in the 3 remaining families. RESULTS We identified five CDH1 heterozygous missense mutations and three CTNND1 heterozygous truncating mutations leading to loss-of-function or haploinsufficiency. Establishment of detailed genotype-phenotype correlations was not possible because of the size of the cohort; however, the phenotype seems to appear more severe in case of CDH1 mutations. Functional analysis of CDH1 mutations confirmed their deleterious impact and suggested accelerated E-cadherin degradation. CONCLUSION Mutations in CDH1 encoding the E-cadherin were previously reported in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer as well as in nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate. Mutations in CTNND1 have never been reported before. The encoded protein, p120ctn, prevents E-cadherin endocytosis and stabilizes its localization at the cell surface. Conditional deletion of Cdh1 and Ctnnd1 in various animal models induces features reminiscent of BCD syndrome and underlines critical role of the E-cadherin-p120ctn interaction in eyelid, craniofacial, and tooth development. Our data assert BCD syndrome as a CDH1 pathway-related disorder due to mutations in CDH1 and CTNND1 and widen the phenotypic spectrum of E-cadherin anomalies.Genet Med advance online publication 09 March 2017.
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33
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Adeyemo WL, Butali A. Genetics and genomics etiology of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:3-7. [PMID: 28116324 PMCID: PMC5241211 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFC) are complex birth defects. Studies using contemporary genomic techniques, bioinformatics, and statistical analyses have led to appreciable advances in identifying the causes of syndromic forms of clefts. This commentary gives an overview of the important cleft gene discoveries found using various genomic methods and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery College of Medicine University of Lagos Surulere Nigeria
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowa; Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowa
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34
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Dunkhase E, Ludwig KU, Knapp M, Skibola CF, Figueiredo JC, Hosking FJ, Ellinghaus E, Landi MT, Ma H, Nakagawa H, Kim JW, Han J, Yang P, Böhmer AC, Mattheisen M, Nöthen MM, Mangold E. Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and cancer: Evaluation of a possible common genetic background through the analysis of GWAS data. GENOMICS DATA 2016; 10:22-9. [PMID: 27630819 PMCID: PMC5013250 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Previous research suggests a genetic overlap between nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and cancer. The aim of the present study was to identify common genetic risk loci for NSCL/P and cancer entities that have been reported to co-occur with orofacial clefting. This was achieved through the investigation of large genome-wide association study datasets. Investigations of 12 NSCL/P single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 32 cancer datasets, and 204 cancer SNPs in two NSCL/P datasets, were performed. The SNPs rs13041247 (20q12) and rs6457327 (6p21.33) showed suggestive evidence for an association with both NSCL/P and a specific cancer entity. These loci harbor genes of biological relevance to oncogenesis (MAFB and OCT4, respectively). This study is the first to characterize possible pleiotropic risk loci for NSCL/P and cancer in a systematic manner. The data represent a starting point for future research by identifying a genetic link between NSCL/P and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Dunkhase
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kerstin U. Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine F. Skibola
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jane C. Figueiredo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Fay Julie Hosking
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, Surrey, UK
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Gulou, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku,Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, (06351) 81 Irwon-Ro Gangnam-gu. Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, 535 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ping Yang
- Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Anne C. Böhmer
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Mangold
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Beaty TH, Marazita ML, Leslie EJ. Genetic factors influencing risk to orofacial clefts: today's challenges and tomorrow's opportunities. F1000Res 2016; 5:2800. [PMID: 27990279 PMCID: PMC5133690 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9503.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefts include cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP), which combined represent the largest group of craniofacial malformations in humans with an overall prevalence of one per 1,000 live births. Each of these birth defects shows strong familial aggregation, suggesting a major genetic component to their etiology. Genetic studies of orofacial clefts extend back centuries, but it has proven difficult to define any single etiologic mechanism because many genes appear to influence risk. Both linkage and association studies have identified several genes influencing risk, but these differ across families and across populations. Genome-wide association studies have identified almost two dozen different genes achieving genome-wide significance, and there are broad classes of 'causal genes' for orofacial clefts: a few genes strongly associated with risk and possibly directly responsible for Mendelian syndromes which include orofacial clefts as a key phenotypic feature of the syndrome, and multiple genes with modest individual effects on risk but capable of disrupting normal craniofacial development under the right circumstances (which may include exposure to environmental risk factors). Genomic sequencing studies are now underway which will no doubt reveal additional genes/regions where variants (sequence and structural) can play a role in controlling risk to orofacial clefts. The real challenge to medicine and public health is twofold: to identify specific genes and other etiologic factors in families with affected members and then to devise effective interventions for these different biological mechanisms controlling risk to complex and heterogeneous birth defects such as orofacial clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Department of Oral Biology and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
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36
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Nishi E, Masuda K, Arakawa M, Kawame H, Kosho T, Kitahara M, Kubota N, Hidaka E, Katoh Y, Shirahige K, Izumi K. Exome sequencing-based identification of mutations in non-syndromic genes among individuals with apparently syndromic features. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2889-2894. [PMID: 27566442 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In a clinical setting, the number of organ systems involved is crucial for the differential diagnosis of congenital genetic disorders. When more than one organ system is involved, a syndromic diagnosis is suspected. In this report, we describe three patients with apparently syndromic features. Exome sequencing identified non-syndromic gene mutations as a potential cause of part of their phenotype. The first patient (Patient 1) is a girl with cleft lip/palate, meningoencephalocele, tetralogy of Fallot, and developmental delay. The second and third patients (Patients 2 and 3) are brothers with developmental delay, deafness, and low bone mineral density. Exome sequencing revealed the presence of a CDH1 mutation in Patient 1 and a PLS3 mutation in Patients 2 and 3. CDH1 mutations are known to be associated with non-syndromic cleft lip/palate, while PLS3 mutations are associated with osteoporosis. Thus, these variants may explain a part of the complex phenotype of the patients, although the effects of these missense variants need to be evaluated by functional assays in order to prove pathogenicity. On the basis of these findings, we emphasize the importance of scrutinizing non-syndromic gene mutations even in individuals with apparently syndromic features. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Nishi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.,Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.,Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Koji Masuda
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Arakawa
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawame
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.,Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Kitahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Matsumoto Medical Center of Chu-shin-Matsumoto Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Kubota
- Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Eiko Hidaka
- Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Yuki Katoh
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan. .,Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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37
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Impact of rare variants inARHGAP29to the etiology of oral clefts: role of loss-of-functionvsmissense variants. Clin Genet 2016; 91:683-689. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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