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Pierce ES, Jindal C, Choi YM, Cassidy K, Efird JT. Pathogenic mechanisms and etiologic aspects of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis as an infectious cause of cutaneous melanoma. MEDCOMM - ONCOLOGY 2024; 3:e72. [PMID: 38831791 PMCID: PMC11145504 DOI: 10.1002/mog2.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Infectious etiologies have previously been proposed as causes of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. This exploratory overview explains and presents the evidence for the hypothesis that a microorganism excreted in infected ruminant animal feces, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is the cause of some cases of cutaneous melanoma (CM). Occupational, residential, and recreational contact with MAP-contaminated feces, soil, sand, and natural bodies of water may confer a higher rate of CM. Included in our hypothesis are possible reasons for the differing rates and locations of CM in persons with white versus nonwhite skin, why CM develops underneath nails and in vulvar skin, why canine melanoma is an excellent model for human melanoma, and why the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has demonstrated efficacy in the prevention and treatment of CM. The pathogenic mechanisms and etiologic aspects of MAP, as a transmittable agent underlying CM risk, are carefully deliberated in this paper. Imbalances in gut and skin bacteria, genetic risk factors, and vaccine prevention/therapy are also discussed, while acknowledging that the evidence for a causal association between MAP exposure and CM remains circumstantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen S. Pierce
- Independent Physician Researcher, Spokane Valley, Washington, USA
| | - Charulata Jindal
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuk Ming Choi
- Provider Services, Signify Health, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kaitlin Cassidy
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jimmy T. Efird
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Pugkhem A, Kamsa-Ard S, Kamsa-Ard S, Luvira V, Luvira V, Bhudhisawasdi V. Pesticide exposure and risk of cholangiocarcinoma: A hospital-based matched case-control study. Trop Med Int Health 2024; 29:390-404. [PMID: 38481371 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a well-known and significant public health issue in northeastern Thailand; however, a link between pesticide exposure (PE) and CCA risk has not yet been established. Therefore, our research objective was to investigate the relationship between PE and CCA risk. METHODS A hospital-based matched case-control study was carried out. All cases (in-patients) and controls (out-patients) were volunteers at a tertiary hospital in northeast Thailand. Between 2015 and 2019, 178 incident cases of pathologically-confirmed CCA and 356 controls were selected from the check-up clinic from the Srinagarind Hospital outpatient database (two controls per case). The recruited controls were individually-matched to the CCA cases based on sex, age (±5 years) and admission date (±3 months). During face-to-face interviews, a standardised pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The respective frequency of PE between the 178 CCA cases and 356 controls was 77.0% versus 87.6% for never used, 14.6% versus 5.3% for have used but stopped and 8.4% versus 7.0% for currently using. After adjusting for the highest educational attainment, smoking behaviour, alcohol use and family history of cancer, PE was not significantly associated with CCA (p-value = 0.086). Using volunteers who have never used PE as the reference group, the respective odds of developing CCA for those who have ever used but have since stopped and are currently using was 2.04 (adjusted OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.03-4.04) versus 0.83 (adjusted OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.39-1.76) times more likely to develop CCA than those who had never used PE. CONCLUSION There is no association between PE and the risk of CCA. Notwithstanding the finding, future research should focus on enhancing PE assessment methods that consider complex chemical mixtures, chemicals of interest, historical exposure and exposure pathways. Moreover, there is need for more extensive and longer population-based cohort studies that include younger, non-occupationally exposed individuals during periods of developmental susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ake Pugkhem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supot Kamsa-Ard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Kamsa-Ard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Vor Luvira
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Varisara Luvira
- Deprtment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Ahmad MF, Ahmad FA, Alsayegh AA, Zeyaullah M, AlShahrani AM, Muzammil K, Saati AA, Wahab S, Elbendary EY, Kambal N, Abdelrahman MH, Hussain S. Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29128. [PMID: 38623208 PMCID: PMC11016626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical constituents used to prevent or control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other unwanted organisms. Despite their advantages in crop production and disease management, the use of pesticides poses significant hazards to the environment and public health. Pesticide elements have now perpetually entered our atmosphere and subsequently contaminated water, food, and soil, leading to health threats ranging from acute to chronic toxicities. Pesticides can cause acute toxicity if a high dose is inhaled, ingested, or comes into contact with the skin or eyes, while prolonged or recurrent exposure to pesticides leads to chronic toxicity. Pesticides produce different types of toxicity, for instance, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and endocrine disruption. The toxicity of a pesticide formulation may depend on the specific active ingredient and the presence of synergistic or inert compounds that can enhance or modify its toxicity. Safety concerns are the need of the hour to control contemporary pesticide-induced health hazards. The effectiveness and implementation of the current legislature in providing ample protection for human health and the environment are key concerns. This review explored a comprehensive summary of pesticides regarding their updated impacts on human health and advanced safety concerns with legislation. Implementing regulations, proper training, and education can help mitigate the negative impacts of pesticide use and promote safer and more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, School of Engineering and Science, G.D Goenka University, Gururgram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. AlShahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ali Saati
- Department of Community Medicine & Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Y. Elbendary
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Kambal
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Abdelrahman
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Aldana-Salazar F, Rangel N, Rodríguez MJ, Baracaldo C, Martínez-Agüero M, Rondón-Lagos M. Chromosomal Damage, Chromosome Instability, and Polymorphisms in GSTP1 and XRCC1 as Biomarkers of Effect and Susceptibility in Farmers Exposed to Pesticides. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4167. [PMID: 38673753 PMCID: PMC11050655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the department of Boyacá, Colombia, agriculture stands as one of the primary economic activities. However, the escalating utilization of pesticides within this sector has sparked concern regarding its potential correlation with elevated risks of genotoxicity, chromosomal alterations, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, pesticides have been associated with a broad spectrum of genetic polymorphisms that impact pivotal genes involved in pesticide metabolism and DNA repair, among other processes. Nonetheless, our understanding of the genotoxic effects of pesticides on the chromosomes (as biomarkers of effect) in exposed farmers and the impact of genetic polymorphisms (as susceptibility biomarkers) on the increased risk of chromosomal damage is still limited. The aim of our study was to evaluate chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity, as well as the presence of polymorphic variants in the GSTP1 and XRCC1 genes, in peripheral blood samples of farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in Aquitania, Colombia, and in an unexposed control group. Our results showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of numerical chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity levels between the exposed and unexposed groups. In addition, we also found a higher frequency of chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity in exposed individuals carrying the heterozygous GSTP1 AG and XRCC1 (exon 10) GA genotypes. The evaluation of chromosomal alterations and chromosomal instability resulting from pesticide exposure, combined with the identification of polymorphic variants in the GSTP1 and XRCC1 genes, and further research involving a larger group of individuals exposed to pesticides could enable the identification of effect and susceptibility biomarkers. Such markers could prove valuable for monitoring individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Aldana-Salazar
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (F.A.-S.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Nelson Rangel
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - María José Rodríguez
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (F.A.-S.); (M.J.R.)
| | - César Baracaldo
- Doctoral Program in Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
| | - María Martínez-Agüero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 110231, Colombia;
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (F.A.-S.); (M.J.R.)
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Scialo TE, Pace CM, Abrams DI. The Dairy and Cancer Controversy: Milking the Evidence. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:191-199. [PMID: 38289521 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancer risk reduction remains a significant concern for both individuals with a cancer diagnosis and those aiming to prevent it. Dairy products, a source of beneficial dietary nutrients, have sparked controversy regarding their impact on cancer risk. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence indicates that dairy consumption, particularly milk, can decrease colorectal cancer risk. However, cow's milk, a key dairy product, exposes individuals to growth hormones, notably insulin-like growth factor-1, potentially elevating cancer risk. Extensive research supports the link between dairy intake and heightened prostate cancer risk. Nonetheless, investigations into dairy's association with breast, ovarian, and other cancers yield mixed results. The overall data on dairy and cancer remains inconclusive. Available data suggests that a diet emphasizing fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, while restricting milk and dairy intake-similar to the Mediterranean dietary pattern-might mitigate cancer incidence. However, further research is crucial to elucidate the precise role of dairy products in overall cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor E Scialo
- Nutrition and Food Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wilmington, DE, USA.
| | - Crystal M Pace
- Nutrition and Food Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, ME, USA
| | - Donald I Abrams
- UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Trasande L, Sargis RM. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Mainstream recognition of health effects and implications for the practicing internist. J Intern Med 2024; 295:259-274. [PMID: 38037246 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly advancing evidence documents that a broad array of synthetic chemicals found ubiquitously in the environment contribute to disease and disability across the lifespan. Although the early literature focused on early life exposures, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are now understood to contribute substantially to chronic disease in adulthood, especially metabolic, cardiovascular, and reproductive consequences as well as endocrine cancers. The contribution to mortality is substantial, with over 90,000 deaths annually and at least $39 billion/year in lost economic productivity in the United States (US) due to exposure to certain phthalates that are used as plasticizers in food packaging. Importantly, exposures are disproportionately high in low-income and minoritized populations, driving disparities in these conditions. Though non-Hispanic Blacks and Mexican Americans comprise 12.6% and 13.5% of the US population, they bear 16.5% and 14.6% of the disease burden due to EDCs, respectively. Many of these exposures can be modified through safe and simple behavioral changes supported by proactive government action to both limit known hazardous exposures and to proactively screen new industrial chemicals prior to their use. Routine healthcare maintenance should include guidance to reduce EDC exposures, and a recent report by the Institute of Medicine suggests that testing be conducted, particularly in populations heavily exposed to perfluoroalkyl substances-chemicals used in nonstick coatings as well as oil- and water-resistant clothing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- NYU Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Chicago Center for Health and Environment, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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7
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Carcel C, Haupt S, Arnott C, Yap ML, Henry A, Hirst JE, Woodward M, Norton R. A life-course approach to tackling noncommunicable diseases in women. Nat Med 2024; 30:51-60. [PMID: 38242981 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Women's health has been critically underserved by a failure to look beyond women's sexual and reproductive systems to adequately consider their broader health needs. In almost every country in the world, noncommunicable diseases are the leading causes of death for women. Among these, cardiovascular disease (including heart disease and stroke) and cancer are the major causes of mortality. Risks for these conditions exist at each stage of women's lives, but recognition of the unique needs of women for the prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases is relatively recent and still emerging. Once they are diagnosed, treatments for these diseases are often costly and noncurative. Therefore, we call for a strategic, innovative life-course approach to identifying disease triggers and instigating cost-effective measures to minimize exposure in a timely manner. Prohibitive barriers to implementing this holistic approach to women's health exist in both the social arena and the medical arena. Recognizing these impediments and implementing practical approaches to surmounting them is a rational approach to advancing health equity for women, with ultimate benefits for society as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Carcel
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Sue Haupt
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare Arnott
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mei Ling Yap
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres, South-West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes, Research and Evaluation (CCORE), South-Western Sydney Clinical School, Ingham Institute, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Henry
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane E Hirst
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robyn Norton
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Mohd Ghazi R, Nik Yusoff NR, Abdul Halim NS, Wahab IRA, Ab Latif N, Hasmoni SH, Ahmad Zaini MA, Zakaria ZA. Health effects of herbicides and its current removal strategies. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2259526. [PMID: 37747278 PMCID: PMC10761135 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2259526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The continually expanding global population has necessitated increased food supply production. Thus, agricultural intensification has been required to keep up with food supply demand, resulting in a sharp rise in pesticide use. The pesticide aids in the prevention of potential losses caused by pests, plant pathogens, and weeds, but excessive use over time has accumulated its occurrence in the environment and subsequently rendered it one of the emerging contaminants of concern. This review highlights the sources and classification of herbicides and their fate in the environment, with a special focus on the effects on human health and methods to remove herbicides. The human health impacts discussion was in relation to toxic effects, cell disruption, carcinogenic impacts, negative fertility effects, and neurological impacts. The removal treatments described herein include physicochemical, biological, and chemical treatment approaches, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Also, alternative, green, and sustainable treatment options were discussed to shed insight into effective treatment technologies for herbicides. To conclude, this review serves as a stepping stone to a better environment with herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi
- Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan - Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Raihan Nik Yusoff
- Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan - Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Nurzila Ab Latif
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Halimah Hasmoni
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainul Akmar Zakaria
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Singh S, Narasimhappa P, Uppara B, Behera SK, Varshney R, Naik TSSK, Khan NA, Singh J, C Ramamurthy P. Bio-engineered sensing of Atrazine by green CdS quantum dots: Evidence from electrochemical studies and DFT simulations. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140465. [PMID: 37866494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation reports a comprehensible and responsive strategy for identifying atrazine in several conditions using an extensive electrochemical method. CdS Quantum dots were synthesized via a greener approach, and their formation was endorsed by numerous characterization techniques such as FTIR, SEM, Raman, UV-Vis, and XRD. Owing to the splendid electrocatalytic behavior, Green CdS quantum dots (QDs) of crystallite size ∼2 nm was opted as the sensor material and were, therefore, incorporated on the bare carbon paste electrode's surface. The developed sensor demonstrated an impressive outcome for atrazine sensing accompanied by superior selectivity and sensitivity. The lower detection limit (LLOD) of 0.53 μM was attained using the developed sensor in a linear concentration range of 10-100 μM. Furthermore, the practical pertinence of the developed sensor was examined on distilled water, wastewater, and fresh liquid milk, resulting in a tremendous retrieval of atrazine (91.33-99.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Pavithra Narasimhappa
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Basavaraju Uppara
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Sushant K Behera
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Radhika Varshney
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - T S Sunil Kumar Naik
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland, 798627, India
| | - Praveen C Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India.
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de Araujo LG, Zordan DF, Celzard A, Fierro V. Glyphosate uses, adverse effects and alternatives: focus on the current scenario in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9559-9582. [PMID: 37776469 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01763-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Brazil, a global frontrunner in pesticide consumption and sales, particularly glyphosate, appears to be at odds with other countries that increasingly ban these products in their territories. This study gathers the values of Acceptable Daily Intake and Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) in the European Union for dozens of substances and subsequently contrasts them with the corresponding benchmarks upheld in Brazil concerning its predominant crops. Furthermore, this study delves into the toxicity levels and the potential health ramifications of glyphosate on humans through the ingestion of food containing its residues. The findings from this research underscore a notable surge in glyphosate and pesticide sales and usage within Brazil over the past decade. In stark contrast to its European counterparts, Brazil not only sanctioned the sale and application of 474 new pesticides in 2019, but extended the authorization for glyphosate sales while downgrading its toxicity classification. Finally, this review not only uncovers disparities among research outcomes but also addresses the complexities of replacing glyphosate and introduces environmentally friendlier alternatives that have been subject to evaluation in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alain Celzard
- Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, Epinal, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Fierro
- Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, Epinal, France.
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Baudry J, Rebouillat P, Samieri C, Berlivet J, Kesse-Guyot E. Dietary pesticide exposure and non-communicable diseases and mortality: a systematic review of prospective studies among adults. Environ Health 2023; 22:76. [PMID: 37907942 PMCID: PMC10617043 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the effect of pesticide exposure on health has been largely focused on occupational settings. Few reviews have synthesized the associations between dietary pesticide exposure and health outcomes in non-occupationally exposed adults. OBJECTIVE We aim to summarize the evidence regarding dietary pesticide exposure and non-communicable diseases (NCD) in adults, using a systematic review of prospective studies. METHODS Electronic and manual searches were performed until July 2023. The inclusion criteria were the following: 1) adults aged ≥ 18years, 2) (non)-randomized trials, prospective cohort studies, 3) dietary exposure to pesticides. A bias analysis was carried out using the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review guidelines based on the Cochrane ROBINS-I. RESULTS A total of 52 studies were retrieved and 6 studies that met the above criteria were included. Studies were conducted either in France or in the United States. The studies investigated the risk of cancer (n = 3), diabetes (n = 1), cardiovascular diseases (n = 1), and mortality (n = 1). The quality of the studies varied with overall grades derived from the bias analysis ranging from low to moderate bias. The level of evidence was estimated as low for the risk of cancer while the grading was not assignable for other outcomes, as only one study per outcome was available. CONCLUSIONS Although further research is warranted to examine more in depth the relationships between low-dose chronic exposure to pesticides through diet and NCD outcomes in non-occupationally-exposed adults, studies suggest a possible role of exposure to dietary pesticide on health. Standardized methodological guidelines should also be proposed to allow for comparison across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baudry
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France.
| | - Pauline Rebouillat
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Univ Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Justine Berlivet
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France
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12
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Thammasittirong A, Thammasittirong SNR. Cry4Ba toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis uses both domains II and III to bind to its receptor- Aedes aegypti alkaline phosphatase. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19458. [PMID: 37810109 PMCID: PMC10558600 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor binding is one of the crucial steps to exhibit the insecticidal activity of Cry toxins. In addition, binding to receptors is a determining step for the specificity of toxins. In this work, receptor binding domain II was cloned from the full-length Cry4Ba toxin and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The 21 kDa purified protein was characterized as Cry4Ba domain II using Western blotting and tandem mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography. Circular dichroism revealed the correct folding of the isolated domain II fragment, similar to that found in the Cry4Ba protein. Binding analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the purified Cry4Ba-domain II had bound to the 54 kDa alkaline phosphatase cloned from Aedes aegypti (Aa-mALP) with a dissociation constant of approximately 116.27 ± 11.09 nM. The binding affinity of Cry4Ba-domain II to Aa-mALP was comparable to that of Cry4Ba domain III, suggesting that both domains II and III of the Cry4Ba contributed equally in binding to the Aa-mALP protein. Our findings should provide more valuable insight on the molecular mechanisms in the toxin-receptor interaction of the Cry4Ba toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anon Thammasittirong
- Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
- Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Sutticha Na Ranong Thammasittirong
- Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
- Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
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Tadevosyan NS, Guloyan HA, Wallis AB, Tadevosyan AE. Maternal exposure to organochlorine pesticides and anthropometrics of newborns - a hospital-based cross-sectional study in rural and urban settings in Armenia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:895-902. [PMID: 37651265 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2253108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The study objective was to determine a possible association between maternal exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and anthropometric measures at birth in group of postpartum women in urban and rural areas of Armenia. The anthropometric measures of infants were obtained from birth records and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane were measured in breast milk. Gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detection was used to identify OCPs. Total OCPs and DDTs were calculated, and the anthropometrics were analyzed for sex and areas, and group differences were compared (Student's t-test). Both individual OCPs and total OCPs and DDTs were significantly higher in rural samples than in urban ones (P < 0.01-0.000), with lower and upper quartiles differing by 2.6-fold and 3.1-fold, respectively (P < 0.000). There was no association between the anthropometrics and OCPs levels in rural or urban areas. However, this does not rule out the possibility of OCPs impact on health later in life. To our knowledge, this was the first study addressing these issues in Armenia. The results obtained will provide data on the current situation regarding birth outcomes in terms of prenatal exposure to OCPs in Armenia and will contribute to the available results from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya S Tadevosyan
- Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene and Toxicology, Scientific-Research Center of Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
| | - Hasmik A Guloyan
- Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene and Toxicology, Scientific-Research Center of Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
| | - Anne B Wallis
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, School of Public Health & Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Artashes E Tadevosyan
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Organization, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
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14
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Stewart BW, Fritschi L. Comments on "Exposures to pesticides and risk of cancer: Evaluation of recent epidemiological evidence in humans and paths forward". Int J Cancer 2023; 152:2218-2219. [PMID: 36727305 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard W Stewart
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Hrynko I, Kaczyński P, Łuniewski S, Łozowicka B. Removal of triazole and pyrethroid pesticides from wheat grain by water treatment and ultrasound-supported processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138890. [PMID: 37182706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple way to reduce pesticides in cereal grains is to use washing methods. The challenge of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reduction of 3 triazole fungicides (difenoconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole) and 3 pyrethroid insecticides (beta-cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin) commonly used in wheat protection. Four different pre-washing methods (hot and cold water washing, twice water, and ultrasound-supported washing) were evaluated. The processing factor (PF) was calculated based on the concentration of pesticides determined by LC-MS/MS in the samples of cereal grains before and after the washing process. PFs were within the range 0.01-0.97. Time, teperature and ultrasound were factors influencing the efficiency of water treatment. The study showed that ultrasound-supported washing eliminated pesticide residues to a greater extent than ordinary washing. This process significantly affected or completely reduced concentrations of triazoles in wheat grains. The highest reduction of residues (99%) was received for tebuconazole and ultrasound washing with heating temperature of 60 °C for a total of 10 min. In all washing processes, pyrethroids were removed with lower efficiency than triazoles. The lowest residue reduction was obtained for cypermethrin and washing under cold water for 5 min (3%; PF = 0.97). Beta-Cyfluthrin showed only a 6-27% reduction regardless of the process (PF: 0.73-0.95). Using static analysis, the relationship between the properties of pesticides and the reduction of their concentration in cereals was clarified and showed a strong correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Hrynko
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kaczyński
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stanisław Łuniewski
- The Uniwersity of Finance and Management, Ciepla 40, 15-472, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
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16
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From old pollutants to the regulation of bisphenol A: Lessons learned for health promotion and disease prevention. Prev Med 2023; 169:107460. [PMID: 36809834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Citizens deserve regulatory changes and policies more sensitive to the current needs of humans, the climate, and nature. In this work we draw on prior experiences of preventable human suffering and economic losses caused by delayed regulation of legacy and emerging pollutants. Heightened awareness of environmental health problems is necessary among health professionals, the media, and citizens' organizations. Improved translation from research to the clinical world and to policy is critical to reduce the population burden of diseases caused by exposure to endocrine disruptors and other environmental chemicals. Numerous lessons can be learned from science-to-policy processes built for "old pollutants" (as persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, tributyltin), as well as from current trends regarding the regulation of non-persistent chemicals, such as the prototypical endocrine disruptor bisphenol A. We end discussing relevant pieces of the puzzle to tackle the environmental and regulatory challenges faced by our societies.
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Vasan V, Alsen M, Vujovic D, Genden E, Sinclair C, van Gerwen M. Endosulfan use and the risk of thyroid cancer: an ecological study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:51-57. [PMID: 36688310 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2169099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, has been understudied in the literature on thyroid cancer. The aim of this ecological study was to assess the correlation between endosulfan exposure and thyroid cancer incidence rates (IRs) in the United States (US). Age-adjusted thyroid cancer IRs per 100,000 people per state for the years 1999 to 2019 were obtained from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). To assess the state-level use of endosulfan, data were obtained from the US Geological Survey (USGS). Endosulfan usage estimates (kilograms/acres cropland; quintiles) and thyroid cancer IRs were mapped together. The correlation between age-adjusted thyroid cancer IRs and statewide endosulfan use was calculated using the Spearman correlation. Overall endosulfan usage in the US trended downwards between 1992 and 2007 (T = -0.77; P < 0.001), while thyroid cancer IR trended upwards between 1999 and 2019 (T = 0.69; P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between 1992 endosulfan use and 2012 (r = 0.32; P = 0.03) and 2014 (r = 0.32; P = 0.03) thyroid cancer IRs. Although restrictions on endosulfan use seem effective, the potential impact of endosulfan exposure remains due to the persistent, semi-volatile, bioaccumulative, and biomagnifying properties of endosulfan metabolites in particular, indicating the need for future thyroid research of highly exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Vasan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mathilda Alsen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dragan Vujovic
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Genden
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Sinclair
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maaike van Gerwen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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