Scialo TE, Pace CM, Abrams DI. The Dairy and Cancer Controversy: Milking the Evidence.
Curr Oncol Rep 2024;
26:191-199. [PMID:
38289521 DOI:
10.1007/s11912-024-01496-8]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cancer risk reduction remains a significant concern for both individuals with a cancer diagnosis and those aiming to prevent it. Dairy products, a source of beneficial dietary nutrients, have sparked controversy regarding their impact on cancer risk.
RECENT FINDINGS
Evidence indicates that dairy consumption, particularly milk, can decrease colorectal cancer risk. However, cow's milk, a key dairy product, exposes individuals to growth hormones, notably insulin-like growth factor-1, potentially elevating cancer risk. Extensive research supports the link between dairy intake and heightened prostate cancer risk. Nonetheless, investigations into dairy's association with breast, ovarian, and other cancers yield mixed results. The overall data on dairy and cancer remains inconclusive. Available data suggests that a diet emphasizing fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, while restricting milk and dairy intake-similar to the Mediterranean dietary pattern-might mitigate cancer incidence. However, further research is crucial to elucidate the precise role of dairy products in overall cancer risk.
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