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Yeyeodu S, Hanafi D, Webb K, Laurie NA, Kimbro KS. Population-enriched innate immune variants may identify candidate gene targets at the intersection of cancer and cardio-metabolic disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1286979. [PMID: 38577257 PMCID: PMC10991756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cancer and cardio-metabolic disease disparities exist among specific populations in the US. For example, African Americans experience the highest rates of breast and prostate cancer mortality and the highest incidence of obesity. Native and Hispanic Americans experience the highest rates of liver cancer mortality. At the same time, Pacific Islanders have the highest death rate attributed to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Asian Americans experience the highest incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cancers induced by infectious agents. Notably, the pathologic progression of both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases involves innate immunity and mechanisms of inflammation. Innate immunity in individuals is established through genetic inheritance and external stimuli to respond to environmental threats and stresses such as pathogen exposure. Further, individual genomes contain characteristic genetic markers associated with one or more geographic ancestries (ethnic groups), including protective innate immune genetic programming optimized for survival in their corresponding ancestral environment(s). This perspective explores evidence related to our working hypothesis that genetic variations in innate immune genes, particularly those that are commonly found but unevenly distributed between populations, are associated with disparities between populations in both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases. Identifying conventional and unconventional innate immune genes that fit this profile may provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms that connect these two families of complex diseases and offer novel targets for precision-based treatment of cancer and/or cardio-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Yeyeodu
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
- Charles River Discovery Services, Morrisville, NC, United States
| | - Donia Hanafi
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kenisha Webb
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nikia A. Laurie
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - K. Sean Kimbro
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Khoruddin NA, Lim WF, Teh LK, Noorizhab MNF, Mohd Yusof FZ, Salleh MZ. Toward precision nutrition: A cross‐sectional study on the genetic risks of nutrients deficiencies and eating behaviors among the Orang Asli and Malays. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Khoruddin
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia
| | - Wai Feng Lim
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nur Fakhruzzaman Noorizhab
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Farida Zuraina Mohd Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
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Cikes D, Atanes P, Cronin SJF, Hagelkrüys A, Huang GC, Persaud SJ, Penninger JM. Neuropeptide Neuromedin B does not alter body weight and glucose homeostasis nor does it act as an insulin-releasing peptide. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9383. [PMID: 35672347 PMCID: PMC9174263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromedin B (NMB) is a member of the neuromedin family of neuropeptides with a high level of region-specific expression in the brain. Several GWAS studies on non-obese and obese patients suggested that polymorphisms in NMB predispose to obesity by affecting appetite control and feeding preference. Furthermore, several studies proposed that NMB can act as an insulin releasing peptide. Since the functional study has never been done, the in vivo role of NMB as modulator of weight gain or glucose metabolism remains unclear. Here, we generated Nmb conditional mice and nervous system deficient NmB mice. We then performed olfactory and food preference analysis, as well as metabolic analysis under standard and high fat diet. Additionally, in direct islet studies we evaluated the role of NMB on basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mouse and humans.
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Narjabadifam M, Bonyadi M, Rafat SA, Mahdavi R, Aliasghari F. Association study of rs17782313 polymorphism near MC4R gene with obesity/overweight, BMI, and hedonic hunger among women from Northwestern Iran. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity, as a medical condition, results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors. The rs17782313 polymorphism, located 188kb downstream of the Melanocortin 4 Receptor (MC4R) gene, is one of the essential candidate genetic markers that has shown the highest association with obesity in different populations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the possible associations of rs17782313 polymorphism near the MC4R gene with obesity/overweight, body mass index (BMI), and hedonic hunger among women from the Iranian Azeri ethnic group. METHODS: Five hundred sixty-three women, composed of 396 patients with obesity/overweight and 167 unrelated healthy controls, were genotyped for the rs17782313 polymorphism by applying the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. RESULTS: This population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.878). The study confirmed a significant association of rs17782313 with obesity, where subjects carrying the C/C genotype had higher odds of obesity (OR = 2.681, P = 0.005, 95%CI:1.340–5.365). Also, C allele carriers have statistically significantly higher BMI scores than those carrying the T allele (P = 0.029). However, no significant associations were found among PFS scores and genotypic/allelic groups of rs17782313 polymorphism (P = 0.368). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that rs17782313 polymorphism is strongly associated with obesity and BMI but not with hedonic hunger among Northwest Iran women. Moreover, the sequencing data analysis in several homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the C allele led to identifying a novel frameshift variant with TCT deletion (rs534212081) in the 166 upstream of rs17782313, which has not been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahan Narjabadifam
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Bonyadi
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Rafat
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Aliasghari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Obesity is one of the risk factors for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have shown the association between increased body mass index and kidney function decline. Obesity leads to CKD directly by acting as an independent risk factor and indirectly through increasing risks for diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, a group of well-established independent risk factors for CKD. Alterations in renal hemodynamics, inflammation, and in hormones and growth factors results in hyperfiltration injury and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. In recent years, many studies have shown that the gut microbiome may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Dysbiosis has been noted in obese subjects in both human and animal studies. Changes in the gut microbiome in obese patients promote weight gain by effectively extracting energy from diet, and induction of low-grade inflammation. Evidence also points to the role of inflammation within the adipose tissue in obesity as a key factor in the pathogenesis of obesity-related complications. Thus, obesity is the net result of complex interactions between behavioral, genetic, and environmental factors. In terms of management, conservative approaches are often the first option, but they often are unsuccessful in achieving and/or maintaining weight loss, particularly in severe obesity. Consequently, nonmedical management with bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment option for morbid obesity and has shown mitigation of multiple risk factors for the progression of CKD. The most frequently performed interventions are vertical sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Studies have shown that bariatric surgery is associated with beneficial effects on CKD by mitigating its risk factors by weight loss, reducing insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1c, and proteinuria, in addition to positive long-term outcomes. Because of the epidemic of obesity, the prevalence of obesity in kidney transplant recipients also is increasing. The maximal body mass index (BMI) threshold for kidney transplantation is not clear. The Organ Procurement Transplant Network/Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients 2019 annual data report showed that the proportion of kidney transplant recipient candidates with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater is increasing steadily. Morbid obesity is linked to adverse graft outcomes including delayed graft function, primary nonfunction, and decreased graft survival. Obesity is also an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death in kidney transplant recipients, suggesting that these patients should not be excluded from transplantation based on their BMI because transplantation is associated with lower mortality compared with dialysis. However, many centers exclude obese patients (with different BMI cut-off values) from transplantation to avoid postoperative complications. To minimize the surgical complications of kidney transplantation in obese patients, our center has adopted the robot-assisted kidney transplantation procedure. Our data show that this approach is comparable with historical nonobese controls in the United Network for Organ Sharing database in terms of patient and graft survival. Another surgical option for this group of patients at our center is a combined robotic sleeve gastrectomy and robotic-assisted kidney transplant. In a recent study, this approach showed promising results in terms of weight loss, patient survival, and graft survival, and might become more common in the future.
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Isgin-Atici K, Alsulami S, Turan-Demirci B, Surendran S, Sendur SN, Lay I, Karabulut E, Ellahi B, Lovegrove JA, Alikasifoglu M, Erbas T, Vimaleswaran KS, Buyuktuncer Z. FTO gene-lifestyle interactions on serum adiponectin concentrations and central obesity in a Turkish population. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:375-385. [PMID: 32746650 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1802580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether lifestyle factors modify the association between fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and obesity in a Turkish population. The study included 400 unrelated individuals, aged 24-50 years recruited in a hospital setting. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall and self-report questionnaire, respectively. A genetic risk score (GRS) was developed using FTO SNPs, rs9939609 and rs10163409. Body mass index and fat mass index were significantly associated with FTO SNP rs9939609 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) and GRS (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). The interactions between SNP rs9939609 and physical activity on adiponectin concentrations, and SNP rs10163409 and dietary protein intake on increased waist circumference were statistically significant (Pinteraction = 0.027 and Pinteraction = 0.044, respectively). Our study has demonstrated that the association between FTO SNPs and central obesity might be modified by lifestyle factors in this Turkish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Isgin-Atici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sooad Alsulami
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Busra Turan-Demirci
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shelini Surendran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | - Suleyman Nahit Sendur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Incilay Lay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Basma Ellahi
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | - Mehmet Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey
- Genetics Diagnostic Centre, DAMAGEN, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tomris Erbas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Zehra Buyuktuncer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Burgoine T, Monsivais P, Sharp SJ, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ. Independent and combined associations between fast-food outlet exposure and genetic risk for obesity: a population-based, cross-sectional study in the UK. BMC Med 2021; 19:49. [PMID: 33588846 PMCID: PMC7885578 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characteristics of the built environment, such as neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure, are increasingly recognised as risk factors for unhealthy diet and obesity. Obesity also has a genetic component, with common genetic variants explaining a substantial proportion of population-level obesity susceptibility. However, it is not known whether and to what extent associations between fast-food outlet exposure and body weight are modified by genetic predisposition to obesity. METHODS We used data from the Fenland Study, a population-based sample of 12,435 UK adults (mean age 48.6 years). We derived a genetic risk score associated with BMI (BMI-GRS) from 96 BMI-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. Neighbourhood fast-food exposure was defined as quartiles of counts of outlets around the home address. We used multivariable regression models to estimate the associations of each exposure, independently and in combination, with measured BMI, overweight and obesity, and investigated interactions. RESULTS We found independent associations between BMI-GRS and risk of overweight (RR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.23-1.47) and obesity (RR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.55-1.93), and between fast-food outlet exposure and risk of obesity (highest vs lowest quartile RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.21-2.05). There was no evidence of an interaction of fast-food outlet exposure and genetic risk on BMI (P = 0.09), risk of overweight (P = 0.51), or risk of obesity (P = 0.27). The combination of higher BMI-GRS and highest fast-food outlet exposure was associated with 2.70 (95% CI 1.99-3.66) times greater risk of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated independent associations of both genetic obesity risk and neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure with adiposity. These important drivers of the obesity epidemic have to date been studied in isolation. Neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure remains a potential target of policy intervention to prevent obesity and promote the public's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Burgoine
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Pablo Monsivais
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Present address: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Stephen J Sharp
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Aasdahl L, Nilsen TIL, Meisingset I, Nordstoga AL, Evensen KAI, Paulsen J, Mork PJ, Skarpsno ES. Genetic variants related to physical activity or sedentary behaviour: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:15. [PMID: 33482856 PMCID: PMC7821484 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows that part of the variation in physical activity and sedentary behaviour may be explained by genetic factors. Identifying genetic variants associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviour can improve causal inference in physical activity research. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an updated overview of the evidence of genetic variants associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. METHODS We performed systematic literature searches in PubMed and Embase for studies published from 1990 to April 2020 using keywords relating to "physical activity", "exercise", "sedentariness" and "genetics". Physical activity phenotypes were either based on self-report (e.g., questionnaires, diaries) or objective measures (e.g., accelerometry, pedometer). We considered original studies aiming to i) identify new genetic variants associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour (i.e., genome wide association studies [GWAS]), or ii) assess the association between known genetic variants and physical activity or sedentary behaviour (i.e., candidate gene studies). Study selection, data extraction, and critical appraisal were carried out by independent researchers, and risk of bias and methodological quality was assessed for all included studies. RESULTS Fifty-four out of 5420 identified records met the inclusion criteria. Six of the included studies were GWAS, whereas 48 used a candidate gene approach. Only one GWAS and three candidate gene studies were considered high-quality. The six GWAS discovered up to 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with physical activity or sedentariness that reached genome-wide significance. In total, the candidate gene studies reported 30 different genes that were associated (p < 0.05) with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. SNPs in or close to nine candidate genes were associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour in more than one study. CONCLUSION GWAS have reported up to 10 loci associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Candidate gene studies have pointed to some interesting genetic variants, but few have been replicated. Our review highlights the need for high-quality GWAS in large population-based samples, and with objectively assessed phenotypes, in order to establish robust genetic instruments for physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Furthermore, consistent replications in GWAS are needed to improve credibility of genetic variants. TRIAL REGISTRATION Prospero CRD42019119456 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Aasdahl
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Unicare Helsefort Rehabilitation Centre, Rissa, Norway.
| | - Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingebrigt Meisingset
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Lovise Nordstoga
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Anne I Evensen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Unit for Physiotherapy Services, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julie Paulsen
- Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Mozafarizadeh M, Mohammadi M, Sadeghi S, Hadizadeh M, Talebzade T, Houshmand M. Evaluation of FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 Polymorphisms as Prognostic Biomarkers of Obesity: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study. Oman Med J 2019; 34:56-62. [PMID: 30671185 PMCID: PMC6330185 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Obesity is a significant risk factor for a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Obesity usually results from a combination of causes and contributing factors, including genetics and lifestyle choices. Many studies have shown an association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) and the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) genes with body mass index (BMI). Therefore, recognizing the main genes and their relevant genetic variants will aid prediction of obesity risk. The aim of our study was to investigate the frequency of rs9939609 and rs17782313 polymorphisms in FTO and MC4R genes in an Iranian population. Methods We enrolled 130 obese patients and 83 healthy weight controls and calculated their BMI. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the frequency of rs9939609 and rs17782313 polymorphisms in FTO and MC4R genes was determined using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Results Significant associations were found between FTO rs9939609 and BMI. Where homozygous risk allele carriers (A-A) have significant higher odds ratio (OR) of being obese than individuals with normal BMI (OR = 6.927, p < 0.005, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.48–13.78). No significant correlation between MC4R rs17782313 and obesity were observed when compared to healthy weight individuals. Although subjects with C-C genotype had higher odds of obesity (OR = 1.889, p = 0.077, 95%CI: 0.92–3.84). Conclusions This study shows a relationship between FTO polymorphism and increased BMI, therefore, SNP in the FTO gene influence changes in BMI and can be considered a prognostic marker of obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mozafarizadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nour Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Soha Sadeghi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nour Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebe Talebzade
- Department of Microbiology, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
| | - Massoud Houshmand
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Tallon JM, Narciso J, Barros A, Pereira A, Costa AM, Silva AJ. Obesity: Nutrition and Genetics—A Short Narrative Review. Health (London) 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2018.1012134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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