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Biary T, Finkelman M, Tassabehji NM. Pre-doctoral dental students' knowledge, training, perceptions, and attitudes regarding obesity and treatments: A survey study. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38356369 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to assess first-year predoctoral dental students' knowledge, training, perceptions, and attitudes on obesity and to compare knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes before and after attending an educational presentation. METHODS A presentation explaining the impact of obesity and its treatments on oral health was developed and presented to first-year predoctoral dental students (D1's) in the Doctor of Dental Medicine program. Before ("pre") and after ("post") the presentation, attending students were given the opportunity to take an anonymous and voluntary survey. Questions on the survey covered topics on knowledge, training, perceptions, and attitudes about obesity. RESULTS Thirty-four of the 213 students in the course (response rate = 16.0%) attended the presentation and completed both the pre- and post-surveys. Most participating students reported receiving 0-5 h of education on obesity since starting their dental education. Regarding pre-survey answers to knowledge-based items, the percentage of students answering, "strongly agree" (representing the greatest knowledge level) ranged from 5.9% to 61.8% across items. Significant improvements from pre- to post-survey were observed for all knowledge-based items except a statement that obesity is associated with serious medical conditions. Significant improvements were also found for perception-based items asking about accommodations for patients and the importance of assessing dietary habits. Additionally, at post-survey, students reported significantly less discomfort asking about dietary habits and weight loss medications. CONCLUSION Dental curricula policy makers and developers should consider the incorporation of obesity and its treatments, with nutrition experts teaching the content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Biary
- Department of Endodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mathew Finkelman
- Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nadine M Tassabehji
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Malik Z, Higgins D, Williams K, Cockrell D, E Collins C. Weight stigma among dental professionals and in the dental setting: a scoping review. Br Dent J 2023:10.1038/s41415-023-6501-6. [PMID: 37978218 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Weight stigma refers to discriminatory acts and ideologies targeted towards individuals because of their body weight and/or size. Weight stigma in healthcare settings generates major health disparities. To date, there have been no previous reviews exploring the issue of weight stigma among dental professionals (DPs) and in the dental setting.Aims To synthesise current evidence on weight stigma among DPs and in dental care settings via a scoping review.Methods A comprehensive search was carried out across four relevant electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Psychinfo and Cinahl). A total of 25 full-text papers were included in the scoping review.Results Most papers addressed the subject of weight stigma as a secondary finding (20 papers). Both quantitative and qualitative study methods were used to explore weight stigma across the broad categories of attitudes and beliefs about obesity, weight-based discussions, obesity education and training and service implications of obesity. Recommendations regarding weight stigma among DPs and in the dental setting were proposed but have not been formally assessed.Conclusion Further studies addressing weight stigma in dental settings, including causes and consequences among DPs, are required to better inform and address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanab Malik
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Denise Higgins
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn Williams
- Nepean Blue Mountains Family Metabolic Health Service, Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre-Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Cockrell
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Nutrition and Dietetics), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia; Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia
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Smith PD, Noorullah K, Iqbal L, Tomar SL. Dental students' comfort discussing nutrition and obesity prevention with parents and caregivers. J Dent Educ 2021; 85:828-834. [PMID: 33624303 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dentists can address childhood obesity by educating patients about mediating factors, such as nutrition and dietary habits, facilitating behavioral interventions, and participating in interprofessional collaborations. Dental schools are encouraged to prepare future dentists to address childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to assess dental students' attitudes, comfort, and perceived barriers discussing nutrition and obesity prevention with parents and caregivers of children aged 0-5, after a one-time service-learning experience in a pediatric primary care setting to promote oral health. METHODS Following conversations with parents and caregivers, students completed an 11-item survey via Qualtrics. RESULTS Of 144 second-year dental students that participated in the service-learning experience over 2 years, 101 participated in the survey for a response rate of 70.1%. Most students agreed that dentists' roles include discussing nutrition (98.0%) and obesity prevention (83.2%). During the service-learning experience, 78.2 percent of students discussed nutrition, and 5.0% discussed obesity prevention, with 3.0% and 22.8% of students reporting some level of discomfort with each topic, respectively. The most reported barriers for discussing both nutrition and obesity prevention were concern for "appearing judgmental" and "fear of offending clients." Mean comfort scores among students who reported barriers of "appearing judgmental" (p = < 0.0001) and "fear of offending clients" (p = 0.017) for nutrition discussions, and a "lack of parental acceptance of guidance" as a barrier for discussing obesity prevention (p = 0.016), suggest that those barriers were associated with less comfort. CONCLUSION Dental students' perceived barriers to discussing nutrition and obesity prevention with parents and caregivers may negatively influence dental students' comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Smith
- Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
| | - Khatija Noorullah
- Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
| | - Laila Iqbal
- Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
| | - Scott L Tomar
- Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
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Fiehn NE, Christensen LB. Examination of lifestyle factors and diseases in teaching periodontology in dental education in the Nordic countries. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2016; 20:26-31. [PMID: 25684550 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifestyle and general diseases are important for the development of periodontitis and other diseases in the oral cavity. Therefore, knowledge on lifestyle factors must be part of the dental curriculum. However, a search for information in the literature databases gave meagre results. The aim of this study was to describe education of lifestyle in relation to diseases in the oral cavity with focus on periodontitis and to elucidate how education is practiced and reflected in dental education in the Nordic countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire, which consisted of 18 questions, was sent to the chairs of the departments of periodontology in the Nordic countries. The questions concerned extent, curriculum structure, educational method, content, assessment and evaluation of the education. RESULTS Education on lifestyle factors took place at all dental schools, but the extent, content and placement in the curriculum varied. In some schools, more than 10 lessons were scheduled; two schools had only 3-5 lessons. The education of lifestyle factors was prioritised highest in the departments of periodontology followed by cariology and general health. Despite differences in the content across the dental schools, there were also similarities. So, at all schools smoking, medication, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes type 2 had a high priority. Education of other factors such as alcohol, psychological stress, oral hygiene habits, hypotension and obesity varied. CONCLUSION Despite the general view that understanding of odontology is considered to be rather homogenous in the Nordic countries, the education varies across the dental schools. This variation may inspire dental educators in the future planning dental curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-E Fiehn
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L B Christensen
- Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yamashita JM, de Moura-Grec PG, de Freitas AR, Sales-Peres A, Groppo FC, Ceneviva R, Sales-Peres SHDC. Assessment of Oral Conditions and Quality of Life in Morbid Obese and Normal Weight Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129687. [PMID: 26177268 PMCID: PMC4503766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the impact of oral disease on the quality of life of morbid obese and normal weight individuals. Cohort was composed of 100 morbid-obese and 50 normal-weight subjects. Dental caries, community periodontal index, gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), calculus, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, dental wear, stimulated salivary flow, and salivary pH were used to evaluate oral diseases. Socioeconomic and the oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) questionnaires showed the quality of life in both groups. Unpaired Student, Fisher’s Exact, Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and Multiple Regression tests were used (p<0.05). Obese showed lower socio-economic level than control group, but no differences were found considering OIDP. No significant differences were observed between groups considering the number of absent teeth, bruxism, difficult mastication, calculus, initial caries lesion, and caries. However, saliva flow was low, and the salivary pH was changed in the obese group. Enamel wear was lower and dentine wear was higher in obese. More BOP, insertion loss, and periodontal pocket, especially the deeper ones, were found in obese subjects. The regression model showed gender, smoking, salivary pH, socio-economic level, periodontal pocket, and periodontal insertion loss significantly associated to obesity. However, both OIDP and BOP did not show significant contribution to the model. The quality of life of morbid obese was more negatively influenced by oral disease and socio-economic factors than in normal weight subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselene Martinelli Yamashita
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Garcia de Moura-Grec
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Rodrigues de Freitas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Arsênio Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Ceneviva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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A nomogram to calculate the maximum dose of local anaesthetic in a paediatric dental setting. Br Dent J 2015; 218:469-71. [PMID: 25908360 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Afshari FS, Schelkopf S, Yuan JCC, Marinis A, Syros G, Campbell SD, Sukotjo C. Current Status of Patient Recall in U.S. Predoctoral Dental School Clinics. J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.10.tb05810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh S. Afshari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
| | | | - Judy Chia-Chun Yuan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
| | - Aristotelis Marinis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
| | - George Syros
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
| | - Stephen D. Campbell
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry
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Taylor GW, Stumpos ML, Kerschbaum W, Inglehart MR. Educating Dental Students About Diet-Related Behavior Change: Does Experiential Learning Work? J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.1.tb05658.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George W. Taylor
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences; University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry
| | | | - Wendy Kerschbaum
- Dental Hygiene Program; University of Michigan School of Dentistry
| | - Marita Rohr Inglehart
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Department of Psychology; College of Literature, Science of Arts, University of Michigan
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