Identification of A-kinase interacting protein 1 as a potential biomarker for risk and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia

Prognostic significance of A-kinase interacting protein 1 expression in various cancers: A meta-analysis based on the Chinese population

BACKGROUND

Cumulative evidence suggests that A-kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) plays an important role in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of AKIP1 expression in various cancers remains unclear. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of AKIP1 expression in patients with cancer.

METHODS

The PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were systematically searched to identify studies in which the effect of AKIP1 expression on prognosis (overall survival or disease-free survival) was investigated. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to assess the effect of AKIP1 expression on patient survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were pooled to estimate the association between AKIP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancer.

RESULTS

Nineteen eligible studies, encompassing 3979 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. AKIP1 expression was negatively associated with overall survival (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.58-2.18, P < .001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.53-1.87, P < .001) in patients with cancer. Moreover, AKIP1 overexpression was positively correlated with adverse clinicopathological features, such as tumor size (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.67-2.94, P < .001), clinical stage (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.45-2.90, P < .001), depth of tumor invasion (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.21-4.02, P < .001), and degree of lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.75-2.57, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

High AKIP1 expression is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with cancer.

A-Kinase Interacting Protein 1 Promotes Cell Invasion and Stemness via Activating HIF-1α and β-Catenin Signaling Pathways in Gastric Cancer Under Hypoxia Condition

Background

A-Kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) relates to gastric cancer growth, metastasis, and prognosis, while its regulation on gastric cancer invasion and stemness under hypoxia microenvironment is not reported. Therefore, this study aimed to explore this topic to uncover AKIP1’s role in gastric cancer under hypoxia.

Methods

Gastric cancer cell lines AGS and MKN45 were cultured under hypoxia condition, then transfected with AKIP1 or negative control (NC) overexpression plasmid or AKIP1 or NC knockdown plasmid. Furthermore, rescue experiments were conducted by transfecting HIF-1α or β-catenin overexpression plasmid, combined with AKIP1 or NC knockdown plasmid. Afterward, cell invasion, CD133⁺ cell proportion, sphere number/1,000 cells, and HIF-1α and β-catenin pathways were measured.

Results

The invasive cell count, CD133⁺ cell proportion, and sphere number/1,000 cells were enhanced in both AGS cells and MKN45 cells under hypoxia, and AKIP1 expression was also elevated. AKIP1 knockdown inhibited cell invasion, CD133⁺ cell proportion, sphere number/1,000 cells, HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), β-catenin, and calcium-binding protein (CBP) expressions in AGS cells and MKN45 cells under hypoxia, while AKIP1 overexpression presented with the opposite effect. Then, in rescue experiments, HIF-1α overexpression and β-catenin overexpression both promoted cell invasion, CD133⁺ cell proportion, and sphere number/1,000 cells, which also attenuated the effect of AKIP1 knockdown on these functions in AGS cells and MKN45 cells.

Conclusion

AKIP1 promotes cell invasion and stemness via activating HIF-1α and β-catenin signaling pathways in gastric cancer under hypoxia condition.

AKIP1 promotes glioblastoma viability, mobility and chemoradiation resistance via regulating CXCL1 and CXCL8 mediated NF-κB and AKT pathways

This study aimed to investigate the interaction of A-kinase-interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) with C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL2, CXCL8, and their effects on regulating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) malignant behaviors. AKIP1 expression was modified by pcDNA and pGPH1 vectors in U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells. Subsequently, multiple compensative experiments were conducted via adding CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 in the pGPH1-AKIP1 (AKIP1 knockdown) transfected U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells, respectively. Furthermore, AKIP1, CXCL1/2/8 expressions in 10 GBM and 10 low-grade glioma (LGG) tumor samples were detected. AKIP1 was elevated in various GBM cell lines compared to normal human astrocytes. AKIP1 overexpression promoted U-87 MG and U-251 MG cell proliferation and invasion while inhibited apoptosis; and it enhanced chemoresistance to temozolomide (but not cisplatin) and radiation resistance; then AKIP1 knockdown showed the opposite effects. Meanwhile, AKIP1 positively regulated CXCL1/2/8, NF-κB pathway, AKT pathway and PD-L1 expression. Further multiple compensative experiments uncovered that CXCL1 and CXCL8 promoted proliferation, invasion, chemoradiation resistance, NF-κB pathway, AKT pathway and PD-L1 expression in U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells, also in pGPH1-AKIP1 (AKIP1 knockdown) transfected U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells; although CXCL2 exhibited similar treads, but its effect was much weaker. Besides, NF-κB pathway inhibitor and AKT pathway inhibitor attenuated the effect of CXCL1&CXCL8 on promoting GBM cell malignant behaviors. Clinically AKIP1 and CXCL1/8 were elevated in GBM compared to LGG tumor samples, and they were inter-correlated. AKIP1 promotes GBM viability, mobility and chemoradiation resistance via regulating CXCL1 and CXCL8 mediated NF-κB and AKT pathways.

Identification of A-kinase interacting protein 1 as a potential biomarker for risk and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia

Background

This study aimed to investigate the correlation of A‐kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) expression with disease risk, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods

291 de novo AML patients and 97 controls were consecutively recruited, and bone marrow samples were collected to detect AKIP1 expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction prior to initial treatment. Treatment response, event‐free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) in AML patients were evaluated.

Results

A‐kinase interacting protein 1 expression was higher in AML patients than that in controls; meanwhile, receiver operating characteristic curve displayed that AKIP1 was able to distinguish AML patients from controls (area under the curve:0.772, 95%CI: 0.720‐0.823). Among AML patients, AKIP1 high expression was correlated with −7 or 7q−, monosomal karyotype, and worse risk stratification. Moreover, AKIP1 expression was negatively correlated with complete remission achievement, while no correlation of AKIP1 expression with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation achievement was observed. AKIP1 high expression was associated with shorter EFS and OS in total patients, and further subgroup analysis exhibited that AKIP1 high expression correlated with worse EFS and OS in intermediate‐risk and poor‐risk patients but not in better‐risk patients. Besides, subsequent analysis revealed that AKIP1 high expression was an independent factor predicting unfavorable EFS and OS.

Conclusion

A‐kinase interacting protein 1 has the potential to be a novel marker for assisting AML management.