1
|
Hong J, Luo F, Du X, Xian F, Li X. The immune cells in modulating osteoclast formation and bone metabolism. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112151. [PMID: 38685175 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are pivotal in regulating bone metabolism, with immune cells significantly influencing both physiological and pathological processes by modulating osteoclast functions. This is particularly evident in conditions of inflammatory bone resorption, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. This review summarizes and comprehensively analyzes the research progress on the regulation of osteoclast formation by immune cells, aiming to unveil the underlying mechanisms and pathways through which diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, impact bone metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xingyue Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fa Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qin C, Yu Q, Deng Z, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang X, Hu T, Lei B, Yan Z, Cheng S. Causal relationship between the immune cells and ankylosing spondylitis: univariable, bidirectional, and multivariable Mendelian randomization. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345416. [PMID: 38655262 PMCID: PMC11035830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease that affects millions of individuals. Immune cells have been recognized as having a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AS. However, their relationship has not been fully explored. Methods We chose to employ Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential correlation between immune cells and AS. We sourced the data on immune cells from the latest genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We obtained data on AS from the FinnGen consortium. Our comprehensive univariable MR analysis covered 731 immune cells to explore its potential causal relationship with AS. The primary analysis method was inverse-variance weighted (IVW). Additionally, we used Cochran's Q test and the MR-Egger intercept test to assess the presence of pleiotropy and heterogeneity. We examined whether our results could be influenced by individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the leave-one-out test. We conducted a bidirectional MR to investigate the reverse relationship. We also applied multivariable MR to decrease the potential influence between the immune cells. Results Overall, our univariable MR analysis revealed eight immune cells associated with AS. Among these, four immune cells contributed to an increased risk of AS, while four immune cells were identified as protective factors for AS. However, the Bonferroni test confirmed only one risk factor and one protective factor with a significance level of p < 6.84E-05. CD8 on effector memory CD8+ T cell could increase the risk of AS (p: 1.2302E-05, OR: 2.9871, 95%CI: 1.8289-4.8786). HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ could decrease the risk of AS (p: 1.2301E-06, OR: 0.5446, 95%CI: 0.4260-0.6962). We also identified a bidirectional relationship between CD4 on CD39+ activated CD4 regulatory T cells and AS utilizing the bidirectional MR. To address potential confounding among immune cells, we employed multivariable MR analysis, which revealed that only one immune cell had an independent effect on AS. HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ could decrease the risk of AS (p: 2.113E-06, OR: 0.0.5423, 95%CI: 0.4210-0.6983). Our findings were consistently stable and reliable. Conclusions Our findings indicated a potential link between immune cells and AS, which could provide a new idea for future research. Nevertheless, the specific underlying mechanisms require further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhengjian Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Liu W, Xu X, Zhen H, Pang B, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Liu H. The Role of H3K27me3-Mediated Th17 Differentiation in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02002-9. [PMID: 38517649 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic progressive inflammatory autoimmune disease. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are the major effector cells mediating AS inflammation. Histone 3 Lys 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is an inhibitory histone modification that silences gene transcription and plays an important role in Th17 differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of H3K27me3 in patients with AS and to explore its epigenetic regulation mechanism of Th17 differentiation during AS inflammation. We collected serum samples from 45 patients with AS at various stages and 10 healthy controls to measure their Interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels using ELISA. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the mRNA levels of RORc and the signaling molecules of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, JMJD3, and EZH2. Additionally, Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the protein levels of H3K27me3, RORγt, JAK2, STAT3, JMJD3, and EZH2 in cell protein extracts. The results showed that H3K27me3 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was significantly lower in patients with active AS compared to both the normal control groups and those with stable AS. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between H3K27me3 expression and the characteristic transcription factor of Th17 differentiation, RORγt. We also discovered that patients with active AS exhibited significantly higher levels of JMJD3, an inhibitor of H3K27 demethylase, compared to the normal control group and patients with stable AS, while the expression of H3K27 methyltransferase (EZH2) was significantly lower. These findings suggest that H3K27me3 may be a dynamic and important epigenetic modification in AS inflammation, and JMJD3/EZH2 regulates the methylation level of H3K27me3, which may be one of the key regulatory factors in the pathogenesis of AS. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of epigenetics in AS and may have implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuening Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wanlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Guang'anmen Hospital Jinan, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hongying Zhen
- Department of Cell Biology, Basic Medical School, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Clinical Laboratory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hongxiao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu H, Peng Y. Identification of a Novel Gene Expression Signature Associated with Amino Acid Metabolism (AAM) in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:597-609. [PMID: 38405617 PMCID: PMC10887983 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s435650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have proven that amino acid metabolism (AAM) plays an important role in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Therefore, this study identified key AAM-related genes (AAMRGs) for the diagnosis and prediction of AS. Methods Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between AS and normal groups in the GSE25101 and GSE73754 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and they were intersected to get common DEGs (Co-DEGs). Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify AS and AAM score-related genes (AS-AAMSRGs). Then, AAM related DEGs (AAMR DEGs) were acquired by intersection of Co-DEGs and AS-AAMSRGs. Moreover, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was implemented on AAMR DEGs to identify diagnostic genes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the functional pathways of diagnostic genes. By screening differential immune cells, the correlation between differential immune cells and diagnostic genes was further analyzed. Finally, miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed and drug prediction analysis was performed. Results By overlapping to obtain three AAMR DEGs (TP53INP1, TUBB and RBM47). The results of nomogram and decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested that three AAMR DEGs had diagnostic value for AS and significantly enriched to neutrophil activation, neutrophil degranulation. The proportion of eight kinds of immune cells in AS and normal groups was significantly different, such as activated dendritic cell, CD56 bright natural killer cell, effector memory CD4 T cell. In the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, three miRNAs (has-miR-429, has-miR-200c-3p, has-miR-200b-3p) could regulate TP53INP1 and TUBB. There was only one miRNA (has-miR-122-5p) could regulate RBM47. Finally, 51 target drugs (such as colchicine, vinblastine, vincristine) were associated with TUBB. Conclusion TP53INP1, TUBB and RBM47 might play key roles in AS and could be used as potential biomarkers of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinxiao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu B, Wang K, Yang L, Zheng J, Ma T, Zhang S, Huang L, Chen T, Guo Y, Cui Z, Zhang X, Chen J, Lu H. 6-formylindolo[3, 2-b]carbazole alters gut microbiota and prevents the progression of ankylosing spondylitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111562. [PMID: 38244515 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), is known as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, there is evidence to suggest that gut microbiota disorders may be related to the occurrence and development of AS. Studies have shown that 6-formylindolo[3, 2-b]carbazole (FICZ) has the ability to modulate intestinal homeostasis and inhibit inflammatory responses. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the protective role of FICZ in treating AS and elucidate potential mechanisms. FICZ was administered to the proteoglycan (PG)-induced AS mice for 7 consecutive weeks. The effects of FICZ on AS mice were evaluated by the disease severity, intestinal histopathology, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and intestinal mucosal barrier function. The gut microbiota compositions were profiled through 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. We found that FICZ significantly reduced the severity of AS and resulted in the downregulating of TNF-α and IL-17A inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, FICZ ameliorated pathological changes in the ileal and improved intestinal mucosal barrier function. Furthermore, FICZ altered the composition of the gut microbiota by increasing the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes phylum ratio and enriched the genes related to "glycan biosynthesis and metabolism", thus reversing the process of AS. In conclusion, FICZ suppressed the progression of AS and altered gut microbiota in AS mice, which provided new insight into AS therapy strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
| | - Lianjun Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Junchi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Torch Development Zone People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528437, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Biobank, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Shiyanjin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Yuanqing Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Zhifei Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- Department of Child Healthcare, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Junquan Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang W, Li M, Li X, Wang X, Liu Y, Yang J. Global trends and research status in ankylosing spondylitis clinical trials: a bibliometric analysis of the last 20 years. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1328439. [PMID: 38288126 PMCID: PMC10823346 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1328439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a rheumatic and autoimmune disease associated with a chronic inflammatory response, mainly characterized by pain, stiffness, or limited mobility of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Severe symptoms can lead to joint deformity, destruction, and even lifelong disability, causing a serious burden on families and society as a whole. A large number of clinical studies have been published on AS over the past 20 years. This study aimed to summarize the current research status and global trends relating to AS clinical trials through a bibliometric analysis. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for publications related to AS clinical trials published between January 2003 and June 2023. Bibliometric analysis and web visualization were performed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and a bibliometric online analysis platform (https://bibliometric.com), which included the number of publications, citations, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Results 1,212 articles published in 201 journals from 65 countries were included in this study. The number of publications related to AS clinical trials is increasing annually. The United States and the Free University of Berlin, the countries and institutions, respectively, that have published the most articles on AS, have made outstanding contributions to this field. The author with the most published papers and co-citations over the period covered by the study was Desiree Van Der Heijde. The journal with the most published and cited articles was Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. The keywords: "double-blind," "rheumatoid arthritis," "efficacy," "placebo-controlled trial," "infliximab," "etanercept," "psoriatic arthritis" and "therapy" represent the current research hotspots regarding AS. Discussion This is the first study to perform a bibliometric analysis and visualization of AS clinical trial publications, providing a reliable research focus and direction for clinicians. Future studies in the field of AS clinical trials should focus on placebo-controlled trials of targeted therapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuhao Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingxin Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han B, Xie Q, Liang W, Yin P, Qu X, Hai Y. PLCG2 and IFNAR1: The Potential Biomarkers Mediated by Immune Infiltration and Osteoclast Differentiation of Ankylosing Spondylitis in the Peripheral Blood. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:3358184. [PMID: 38223749 PMCID: PMC10787051 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3358184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by chronic spinal inflammation, arthritis, gut inflammation, and enthesitis. We aimed to identify the key biomarkers related to immune infiltration and osteoclast differentiation in the pathological process of AS by bioinformatic methods. Methods GSE25101 from the Gene Expression Omnibus was used to obtain AS-associated microarray datasets. We performed bioinformatics analysis using R software to validate different expression levels. The purpose of the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of DEGs was to exclude key genes. Using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), we examined all expression profile data and identified differentially expressed genes. The objective was to investigate the interaction between genetic and clinical features and to identify the essential relationships underlying coexpression modules. The CIBERSORT method was used to make a comparison of the immune infiltration in whole blood between the AS group and the control group. The WGCNA R program from Bioconductor was used to identify hub genes. RNA extraction reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were conducted in the peripheral blood collected from six AS patients and six health volunteers matched by age and sex. Results 125 DEGs were identified, consisting of 36 upregulated and 89 downregulated genes that are involved in the cell cycle and replication processes. In the WGCNA, modules of MCODE with different algorithms were used to find 33 key genes that were related to each other in a strong way. Immune infiltration analysis found that naive CD4+ T cells and monocytes may be involved in the process of AS. PLCG2 and IFNAR1 genes were obtained by screening genes meeting the conditions of immune cell infiltration and osteoclast differentiation in AS patients among IGF2R, GRN, SH2D1A, LILRB3, IFNAR1, PLCG2, and TNFRSF1B. The results demonstrated that the levels of PLCG2 mRNA expression in AS were considerably higher than those in healthy individuals (P=0.003). IFNAR1 mRNA expression levels were considerably lower in AS than in healthy individuals (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Dysregulation of PLCG2 and IFNAR1 are key factors in disease occurrence and development of AS through regulating immune infiltration and osteoclast differentiation. Explaining the differences in immune infiltration and osteoclast differentiation between AS and normal samples will contribute to understanding the development of spondyloarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, GongTiNanLu 8#, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100020, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaobo Xie
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Weishi Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, GongTiNanLu 8#, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100020, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, GongTiNanLu 8#, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100020, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjun Qu
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, GongTiNanLu 8#, Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100020, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Spinal Deformity, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu X, Liu W, Liu Y, Wu D, Pang B, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Liu H. Molecules in the hippo pathway that regulate Th17 differentiation reveal the severity of ankylosing spondylitis. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15044. [PMID: 38287541 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
AIM Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive, and inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown origin that affects the axial skeleton and sacroiliac joints, resulting in pain and loss of function. AS is characterized by the overdifferentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which contribute to the development of the disease. The Hippo signaling pathway is an important regulator of Th17 differentiation, but its role in patients with AS is unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of key molecules of the Hippo signaling pathway in inflammatory Th17 differentiation in patients with AS and to examine their correlation with disease stages. METHODS We examined the activity of the Hippo pathway in patients with AS and the regulation of Th17 differentiation during AS-mediated inflammation. Blood samples were collected from 60 patients with AS at various stages and 30 healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation. The Serum Interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in patients with AS and healthy controls were quantified by ELISA. The key molecules of Hippo pathway were assessed by real-time PCR for their mRNA expression, and protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Elevated serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels were observed in patients with AS compared with healthy controls. The protein and mRNA levels of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt), transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and key upstream transcription factors in the Hippo signaling pathway were measured. The expression of RORγt and TAZ was increased in the blood of patients with AS, whereas the expression of other Hippo pathway proteins, such as MST1/2 and NDR1/2, was significantly decreased. Increased levels of IL-17 and TAZ were significantly associated with disease activity. In addition, MST1, MST2, and NDR1 levels were negatively correlated with TAZ, RORγt, and IL-17 levels. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the Hippo pathway plays a significant role in the regulation of Th17 differentiation and disease activity in patients with AS. The upregulation of TAZ and downregulation of key Hippo pathway proteins, such as MST1/2 and NDR1/2, may contribute to AS pathogenesis. These proteins may serve as biomarkers and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxiao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu Z, Cai M, Ke H, Deng H, Ye W, Wang T, Chen Q, Cen S. Fibroblast Insights into the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:6301-6317. [PMID: 38149115 PMCID: PMC10750494 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s439604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Review Emerging evidence has shown that ankylosing spondylitis fibroblasts (ASFs) act as crucial participants in inflammation and abnormal ossification in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This review examines the investigations into ASFs and their pathological behavior, which contributes to inflammatory microenvironments and abnormal bone formation. The review spans the period from 2000 to 2023, with a primary focus on the most recent decade. Additionally, the review provides an in-depth discussion on studies on ASF ossification at the cellular level. Recent Findings ASFs organize immune functions by recruiting immune cells and influencing their differentiation and activation, thus mediate the inflammatory response in the early phase of disease. ASFs promote joint destruction at sites of cartilage and actively promote abnormal ossification by recruiting osteoblasts, differentiation into myofibroblasts or ossification directly. Many signaling pathways and cytokines such as Wnt signaling and BMP/TGF-β signaling are involved in ASF ossification. Summary ASFs play a key role in AS inflammation and osteogenesis. Further studies are required to elucidate molecular mechanisms behind that and provide new targets and directions for AS diagnosis and treatment from a new perspective of fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxi Cai
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoteng Ke
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huazong Deng
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijia Ye
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qifan Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuizhong Cen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen Y, Wu Y, Fang L, Zhao H, Xu S, Shuai Z, Yu H, Cai G, Zhan HQ, Pan F. METTL14-m6A-FOXO3a axis regulates autophagy and inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Immunol 2023; 257:109838. [PMID: 37935312 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of m6A in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains largely obscure. In this study, we found that m6A modification was decreased in T cells of AS, and the abnormal m6A modification was attributed to the downregulation of methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14). METTL14 exerted a critical role in regulating autophagy activity and inflammation via targeting Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a). Mechanistically, the loss of METTL14 decreased the expression of FOXO3a, leading to the damage of autophagic flux and the aggravation of inflammation. Inversely, the forced expression of METTL14 upregulated the expression of FOXO3a, thereby activating autophagy and alleviating inflammation. Furthermore, our results revealed that METTL14 targeted FOXO3a mRNA and regulated its expression and stability in a m6A-dependent manner. These findings uncovered the functional importance of m6A methylation mechanisms in the regulation of autophagy and inflammation, which expanded our understanding of this interaction and was critical for the development of therapeutic strategies for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shenqian Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, 501 Sanqing Road, Fuyang, Anhui 236000, China
| | - Guoqi Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - He-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cheng Y, Zhang Z. Expression and Clinical Significance of microRNA-138-5p and TGF-β3 in Peripheral Blood of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis. Global Spine J 2023:21925682231209626. [PMID: 37978926 DOI: 10.1177/21925682231209626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Clinical study. OBJECTIVE Our work was aimed at exploring the expression and clinical significance of microRNA-138-5p (miR-138-5p) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) in peripheral blood of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Forty-seven patients with AS were selected as the AS group, and the staging of the enrolled AS patients was based on the BASDAI score: <4 points were classified as the stable stage (stable group) and ≥4 points were classified as the active stage (active group). Forty-seven cases were selected from the same period of healthy physical examination in our hospital as the control group. miR-138-5p and TGF-β3 levels and disease activity factors in peripheral blood were measured in all patients. RESULTS Compared to healthy subjects, reduced miR-138-5p levels and increased TGF-β3 levels were found in AS patient. Even more, level of miR-138-5p was decreased and level of TGF-β3 was found to be increased in active disease stage of AS in comparison to inactive disease. Correlation analysis disclosed that miR-138-5p expression in peripheral blood of AS patients was negatively correlated with TGF-β3, HLA-B27, ESR, CRP, and BASDAI; serum TGF-β3 was positively correlated with HLA-B27, ESR, CRP, and BASDAI. The ROC curve analysis disclosed that miR-138-5p and TGF-β3 had certain diagnostic value for AS, and the combined detection could improve the clinical diagnostic capability of this disease. CONCLUSION miR-138-5p and TGF-β3 in peripheral blood of AS patients are potential biological markers for the diagnosis of AS and are expected to be new clinical diagnostic indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Cheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo Y, Wei S, Yin M, Cao D, Li Y, Wen C, Zhou J. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Metabolites 2023; 13:1058. [PMID: 37887383 PMCID: PMC10608640 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of chronic rheumatic immune disease, and the crucial point of AS treatment is identifying the correct stage of the disease. However, there is a lack of effective diagnostic methods for AS staging. The primary objective of this study was to perform an untargeted metabolomic approach in AS patients in an effort to reveal metabolic differences between patients in remission and acute stages. Serum samples from 40 controls and 57 AS patients were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-four kinds of differential metabolites were identified between the healthy controls and AS patients, mainly involving valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation, phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, etc. Furthermore, the levels of fatty acids (linoleate, dodecanoate, hexadecanoate, and octadecanoate), amino acids (serine and pyroglutamate), 2-hydroxybutanoate, glucose, etc., were lower in patients in the acute stage than those in the remission stage, which may be associated with the aggravated inflammatory response and elevated oxidative stress in the acute stage. Multiple stage-specific metabolites were significantly correlated with inflammatory indicators (CRP and ESR). In addition, the combination of serum 2-hydroxybutanoate and hexadecanoate plays a significant role in the diagnosis of AS stages. These metabolomics-based findings provide new perspectives for AS staging, treatment, and pathogenesis studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Guo
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuangshuang Wei
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mengdi Yin
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dandan Cao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yiling Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chengping Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.G.); (S.W.); (M.Y.); (D.C.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiang Y, Zhang M, Jiang D, Su Q, Shi J. The role of inflammation in autoimmune disease: a therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267091. [PMID: 37859999 PMCID: PMC10584158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are immune disorders whose incidence and prevalence are increasing year by year. AIDs are produced by the immune system's misidentification of self-antigens, seemingly caused by excessive immune function, but in fact they are the result of reduced accuracy due to the decline in immune system function, which cannot clearly identify foreign invaders and self-antigens, thus issuing false attacks, and eventually leading to disease. The occurrence of AIDs is often accompanied by the emergence of inflammation, and inflammatory mediators (inflammatory factors, inflammasomes) play an important role in the pathogenesis of AIDs, which mediate the immune process by affecting innate cells (such as macrophages) and adaptive cells (such as T and B cells), and ultimately promote the occurrence of autoimmune responses, so targeting inflammatory mediators/pathways is one of emerging the treatment strategies of AIDs. This review will briefly describe the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of different AIDs, and give a rough introduction to inhibitors targeting inflammatory factors, hoping to have reference significance for subsequent treatment options for AIDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Die Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Health Management & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mauro D, Gandolfo S, Tirri E, Schett G, Maksymowych WP, Ciccia F. The bone marrow side of axial spondyloarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023:10.1038/s41584-023-00986-6. [PMID: 37407716 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-00986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is characterized by the infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells into entheses and bone marrow. Molecular, cellular and imaging evidence demonstrates the presence of bone marrow inflammation, a hallmark of SpA. In the spine and the peripheral joints, bone marrow is critically involved in the pathogenesis of SpA. Evidence suggests that bone marrow inflammation is associated with enthesitis and that there are roles for mechano-inflammation and intestinal inflammation in bone marrow involvement in SpA. Specific cell types (including mesenchymal stem cells, innate lymphoid cells and γδ T cells) and mediators (Toll-like receptors and cytokines such as TNF, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23, GM-CSF and TGFβ) are involved in these processes. Using this evidence to demonstrate a bone marrow rather than an entheseal origin for SpA could change our understanding of the disease pathogenesis and the relevant therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mauro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Saviana Gandolfo
- Unit of Rheumatology, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Tirri
- Unit of Rheumatology, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Francesco Ciccia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao L, Zhang H, Li N, Chen J, Xu H, Wang Y, Liang Q. Network pharmacology, a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116306. [PMID: 36858276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Network pharmacology is a new discipline based on systems biology theory, biological system network analysis, and multi-target drug molecule design specific signal node selection. The mechanism of action of TCM formula has the characteristics of multiple targets and levels. The mechanism is similar to the integrity, systematization and comprehensiveness of network pharmacology, so network pharmacology is suitable for the study of the pharmacological mechanism of Chinese medicine compounds. AIM OF THE STUDY The paper summarizes the present application status and existing problems of network pharmacology in the field of Chinese medicine formula, and formulates the research ideas, up-to-date key technology and application method and strategy of network pharmacology. Its purpose is to provide guidance and reference for using network pharmacology to reveal the modern scientific connotation of Chinese medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literatures in this review were searched in PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar using the keywords "traditional Chinese medicine", "Chinese herb medicine" and "network pharmacology". The literature cited in this review dates from 2002 to 2022. RESULTS Using network pharmacology methods to predict the basis and mechanism of pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicines has become a trend. CONCLUSION Network pharmacology is a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinman Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu H, Wang W, Liu X, Huang W, Zhu C, Xu Y, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Targeting strategies for bone diseases: signaling pathways and clinical studies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:202. [PMID: 37198232 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the proposal of Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept over 100 years ago, tremendous advances have occurred in targeted therapy. From the initial selective antibody, antitoxin to targeted drug delivery that emerged in the past decades, more precise therapeutic efficacy is realized in specific pathological sites of clinical diseases. As a highly pyknotic mineralized tissue with lessened blood flow, bone is characterized by a complex remodeling and homeostatic regulation mechanism, which makes drug therapy for skeletal diseases more challenging than other tissues. Bone-targeted therapy has been considered a promising therapeutic approach for handling such drawbacks. With the deepening understanding of bone biology, improvements in some established bone-targeted drugs and novel therapeutic targets for drugs and deliveries have emerged on the horizon. In this review, we provide a panoramic summary of recent advances in therapeutic strategies based on bone targeting. We highlight targeting strategies based on bone structure and remodeling biology. For bone-targeted therapeutic agents, in addition to improvements of the classic denosumab, romosozumab, and PTH1R ligands, potential regulation of the remodeling process targeting other key membrane expressions, cellular crosstalk, and gene expression, of all bone cells has been exploited. For bone-targeted drug delivery, different delivery strategies targeting bone matrix, bone marrow, and specific bone cells are summarized with a comparison between different targeting ligands. Ultimately, this review will summarize recent advances in the clinical translation of bone-targeted therapies and provide a perspective on the challenges for the application of bone-targeted therapy in the clinic and future trends in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China.
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China.
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China.
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cai J, Jiang Y, Chen F, Wu S, Ren H, Wang P, Wang J, Liu W. PCSK9 promotes T helper 1 and T helper 17 cell differentiation by activating the nuclear factor-κB pathway in ankylosing spondylitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e870. [PMID: 37249282 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our previous study reveals that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is positively related to inflammatory markers, T helper (Th)-17 cells, and treatment response in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Subsequently, this study aimed to explore the effect of PCSK9 on Th cell differentiation and its potential molecular mechanism in AS. METHODS Serum PCSK9 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 20 AS patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Then naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from AS patients and infected with PCSK9 overexpression or knockdown adenovirus followed by polarization assay. Afterward, PMA (an NF-κB activator) was administrated. RESULTS PCSK9 was increased in AS patients compared to HCs (p < .001), and it was positively related to Th1 cells (p = .050) and Th17 cells (p = .039) in AS patients. PCSK9 overexpression increased the CD4+ IFN-γ+ cells (p < .05), CD4+ IL-17A+ cells (p < .01), IFN-γ (p < .01), and IL-17A (p < .01), while it exhibited no effect on CD4+ IL-4+ cells or IL-4 (both p > .05); its knockdown displayed the opposite function on them. Moreover, PCSK9 overexpression upregulated the p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 (p < .01), while it had no effect on p-ERK/ERK or p-JNK/JNK (both p > .05); its knockdown decreased p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 (p < .01) and p-JNK/JNK (p < .05). Then, PMA upregulates p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 (p < .001) and increased CD4+ IFN-γ+ cells, CD4+ IL-17A+ cells, IFN-γ, and IL-17A (all p < .01), also it alleviated the effect of PCSK9 knockdown on NF-κB inhibition and Th cell differentiation (all p < .01). CONCLUSION PCSK9 enhances Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation in an NF-κB-dependent manner in AS, while further validation is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fucai Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shubin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Qiang-zhi Hospital, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tavasolian F, Inman RD. Biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles in axial spondyloarthritis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:413. [PMID: 37059822 PMCID: PMC10104809 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease that predominantly affects the joints of the spine, causes chronic pain, and, in advanced stages, may result in spinal fusion. Recent developments in understanding the immunomodulatory and tissue-differentiating properties of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy have raised the possibility of applying such treatment to AxSpA. The therapeutic effectiveness of MSCs has been shown in numerous studies spanning a range of diseases. Several studies have been conducted examining acellular therapy based on MSC secretome. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated by MSCs have been proven to reproduce the impact of MSCs on target cells. These EVs are associated with immunological regulation, tissue remodeling, and cellular homeostasis. EVs' biological effects rely on their cargo, with microRNAs (miRNAs) integrated into EVs playing a particularly important role in gene expression regulation. In this article, we will discuss the impact of MSCs and EVs generated by MSCs on target cells and how these may be used as unique treatment strategies for AxSpA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Tavasolian
- Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert D Inman
- Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jeon C, Jang Y, Lee SH, Weon S, Park H, Lee S, Oh Y, Choi SH, Wang SE, Kim TH, Sung IH, Jo S. Abnormal kynurenine level contributes to the pathological bone features of ankylosing spondylitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110132. [PMID: 37023698 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) exhibits paradoxical bone features typically characterized by new bone formation and systemic bone loss. Although abnormal kynurenine (Kyn), a tryptophan metabolite, has been closely linked to the disease activity of AS, the distinct role of its pathological bone features remains unknown. METHODS Kynurenine sera level was collected from healthy control (HC; n = 22) and AS (n = 87) patients and measured by ELISA. In the AS group, we analyzed and compared the Kyn level based on the modified stoke ankylosing spondylitis spinal score (mSASSS), MMP13, and OCN. Under osteoblast differentiation, the treatment with Kyn in AS-osteoprogenitors conducted cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, bone mineralization-related alizarin red s (ARS), von kossa (VON), hydroxyapatite (HA) staining, and mRNA expression markers (ALP, RUNX2, OCN, and OPG) for bone formation. TRAP and F-actin staining was used for osteoclast formation of mouse osteoclast precursors. RESULTS Kyn sera level was significantly elevated in the AS group compared to the HC. In addition, Kyn sera level was correlated with mSASSS (r = 0.03888, p = 0.067), MMP13 (r = 0.0327, p = 0.093), and OCN (r = 0.0436, p = 0.052). During osteoblast differentiation, treatment with Kyn exhibited no difference in cell proliferation and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity for bone matrix maturation but promoted ARS, VON, and HA staining for bone mineralization. Interestingly, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and OCN expressions of AS-osteoprogenitors were augmented in the Kyn treatment during differentiation. In growth medium, Kyn treatment of AS-osteoprogenitors resulted in induction of OPG mRNA, protein expression, and Kyn-response genes (AhRR, CYP1b1, and TIPARP). Secreted OPG proteins were observed in the supernatant of AS-osteoprogenitors treated with Kyn. Notably, the supernatant of Kyn-treated AS-osteoprogenitors interrupted the RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis of mouse osteoclast precursor such as TRAP-positive osteoclast formation, NFATc1 expression, and osteoclast differentiation markers. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that elevated Kyn level increased the bone mineralization of osteoblast differentiation in AS and decreased RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation by inducing OPG expression. Out study have implication for potential coupling factors linking osteoclast and osteoblast where abnormal Kyn level could be involved in pathological bone features of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanhyeok Jeon
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Deparment of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurin Jang
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Weon
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Park
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Suein Lee
- Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Younseo Oh
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioresearch, Huonslab, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Choi
- Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Wang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Deparment of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hoon Sung
- Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsin Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
van der Meer RG, Spoorenberg A, Brouwer E, Doornbos-van der Meer B, Boots AMH, Arends S, Abdulahad WH. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128270. [PMID: 36969157 PMCID: PMC10038212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSeveral studies implicate Th17-cells and its cytokine (IL-17) in disease pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA), with available evidence supporting a pathogenic role of CD8+ T-cells. However, data on the involvement of CD8+ mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAIT) and their phenotypic characterization and inflammatory function including IL-17 and Granzyme A production in a homogenous population of SpA-patients with primarily axial disease (axSpA) are lacking.ObjectivesQuantify and characterize the phenotype and function of circulating CD8+MAIT-cells in axSpA-patients with primarily axial disease.MethodsBlood samples were obtained from 41 axSpA-patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Numbers and percentages of MAIT-cells (defined as CD3+CD8+CD161highTCRVα7.2+) were determined, and production of IL-17 and Granzyme A (GrzA) by MAIT-cells were examined by flow cytometry upon in vitro stimulation. Serum IgG specific for CMV was measured by ELISA.ResultsNo significant differences in numbers and percentages of circulating MAIT-cells were found between axSpA-patients and HCr zijn meer resultaten de centrale memory CD8 T cellen. cellen van patirculating MAIT cells.. Further phenotypic analysis revealed a significant decrease in numbers of central memory MAIT-cells of axSpA-patients compared to HC. The decrease in central memory MAIT-cells in axSpA patients was not attributed to an alteration in CD8 T-cell numbers, but correlated inversely with serum CMV-IgG titers. Production of IL-17 by MAIT-cells was comparable between axSpA-patients and HC, whereas a significant decrease in the production of GrzA by MAIT-cells from axSpA-patients was observed.ConclusionsThe decrease in cytotoxic capability of circulating MAIT-cells in axSpA-patients might implicate that these cell types migrate to the inflamed tissue and therefore associate with the axial disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rienk Gerben van der Meer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Rienk Gerben van der Meer,
| | - Anneke Spoorenberg
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Brouwer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Berber Doornbos-van der Meer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Annemieke M. H. Boots
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Arends
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wayel H. Abdulahad
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bi L, Deng J, Chen Q, Song Q. The "Hand as Foot" figural teaching method in the osteoarthritis. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:1422-1423. [PMID: 36155160 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Bi
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Jiemin Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Qiong Song
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jin Q, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Wen X, Chen Z, Tian H, Kang Z, Wu X, Xu H. MYC promotes fibroblast osteogenesis by regulating ALP and BMP2 to participate in ectopic ossification of ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:28. [PMID: 36803548 PMCID: PMC9942334 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic ossification is an important cause of disability in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Whether fibroblasts can transdifferentiate into osteoblasts and contribute to ossification remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of stem cell transcription factors (POU5F1, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, etc.) of fibroblasts in ectopic ossification in patients with AS. METHODS Primary fibroblasts were isolated from the ligaments of patients with AS or osteoarthritis (OA). In an in vitro study, primary fibroblasts were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium (ODM) to induce ossification. The level of mineralization was assessed by mineralization assay. The mRNA and protein levels of stem cell transcription factors were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and western blotting. MYC was knocked down by infecting primary fibroblasts with lentivirus. The interactions between stem cell transcription factors and osteogenic genes were analysed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Recombinant human cytokines were added to the osteogenic model in vitro to evaluate their role in ossification. RESULTS We found that MYC was elevated significantly in the process of inducing primary fibroblasts to differentiate into osteoblasts. In addition, the level of MYC was remarkably higher in AS ligaments than in OA ligaments. When MYC was knocked down, the expression of the osteogenic genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) was decreased, and the level of mineralization was reduced significantly. In addition, the ALP and BMP2 were confirmed to be the direct target genes of MYC. Furthermore, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which showed high expression in AS ligaments, was found to promote the expression of MYC in fibroblasts in the process of ossification in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the role of MYC in ectopic ossification. MYC may act as the critical bridge that links inflammation with ossification in AS, thus providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ectopic ossification in AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianmei Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xingzhu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, 72nd Group Army Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Haijun Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zijian Kang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Huji Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China. .,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kuliński W, Antos K. Analysis of Physical Therapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis. ACTA BALNEOLOGICA 2023. [DOI: 10.36740/abal202301101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of physical therapy methods used in AS patients.
Materials and Methods: The study group comprised of 30 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis aged 30 to 67 years, including 5 women
and 25 men. The mean age was 43.4 years in women and 41.76 years in men. The largest patient group consisted of men aged 30 to 40 years.
All patients lived in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The study used a diagnostic survey based on a questionnaire created by the authors. Study patients underwent physical therapy in the form of electrotherapy, laser therapy, ultrasound therapy, magnetic field therapy, cryotherapy, kinesiotherapy and massage.
Results: The study showed that physical therapy reduced pain severity and increased the level of everyday functioning. Both the sign test (p-value≈0) and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p-value≈0) showed a significant difference in pain severity measured before rehabilitation vs. after rehabilitation (significance level, α=0.05).
Conclusions: Physical therapy and rehabilitation is a key part of treatment in this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Włodzisław Kuliński
- Department of Rehabilitation Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kornel Antos
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Giuliani AL, Bortoluzzi A, Oliviero F. Editorial: Autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases: Identifying biomarkers of response to therapy with biologics: Volume II. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1164723. [PMID: 36925634 PMCID: PMC10011645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1164723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Oliviero
- Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Veneto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen Q, Sun Z, Zhang Q, Wang X. The "Hand as Foot" figural teaching method in the ankylosing spondylitis. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:631-632. [PMID: 35850901 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qu Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Zongke Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zeng Y, Wang T, Liu Y, Luo T, Li Q, He Y, Fang M, He R. Wnt and Smad signaling pathways synergistically regulated the osteogenic differentiation of fibroblasts in ankylosing spondylitis. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
27
|
New Insights into the Regulatory Role of Ferroptosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis via Consensus Clustering of Ferroptosis-Related Genes and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081373. [PMID: 36011284 PMCID: PMC9407156 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains undetermined. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death involved in multiple autoimmune diseases. Currently, there are no reports on the connection between ferroptosis and AS. Methods: AS samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus were divided into two subgroups using consensus clustering of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of the intergroup differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis of the key module were used to screen out hub genes. A multifactor regulatory network was then constructed based on hub genes. Results: The 52 AS patients in dataset GSE73754 were divided into cluster 1 (n = 24) and cluster 2 (n = 28). DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways related to mitochondria, ubiquitin, and neurodegeneration. Candidate hub genes, screened by PPI and WGCNA, were intersected. Subsequently, 12 overlapping genes were identified as definitive hub genes. A multifactor interaction network with 45 nodes and 150 edges was generated, comprising the 12 hub genes and 32 non-coding RNAs. Conclusions: AS can be divided into two subtypes according to FRG expression. Ferroptosis might play a regulatory role in AS. Tailoring treatment according to the ferroptosis status of AS patients can be a promising direction.
Collapse
|
28
|
HDAC1 regulates inflammation and osteogenic differentiation of ankylosing spondylitis fibroblasts through the Wnt-Smad signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:343. [PMID: 35794630 PMCID: PMC9258155 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a refractory autoimmune disease, whose typical pathology is the development of inflammation to ossification and ankylosis. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is considered to be a key factor involved in inflammatory gene transduction, but its role in AS remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the role and possible mechanism of HDAC1 in AS based on the Wnt-Smad pathway. Fibroblasts were isolated from hip synovial tissues of AS patients, adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to regulate the expression of HDAC1, DKK-1 and SIS3 was used to inhibit Wnt and Smad, respectively. The expressions of Wnt-Smad pathway-related proteins were analyzed by WB, and the TRP ion channel proteins were analyzed by immunofluorescence and WB. The proliferation of AS fibroblasts was detected by CCK-8, the expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected by ELISA, and the effects of HDAC1 on osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts were investigated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, intracellular calcium concentration, mineralization and osteogenic proteins expressions. Results showed that HDAC1 significantly affected the protein expressions of the Wnt-Smad pathway in AS fibroblasts, and Wnt inhibitor DKK-1 and Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 could significantly reverse the effect of HDAC1 on the Wnt-Smad pathway. In addition, HDAC1 significantly activated the TRP ion channel and promoted the proliferation, inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts. DKK-1 or SIS3 treatment significantly inhibit the effect of HDAC-1 on AS fibroblasts, suggesting that the Wnt-Smad pathway is involved in the regulation of AS by HDAC1. In conclusion, HDAC1 promotes the proliferation, inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts through the Wnt-Smad pathway.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim JH, Kim K, Kim I, Seong S, Koh JT, Kim N. Overexpression of Neurogenin 1 Negatively Regulates Osteoclast and Osteoblast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126708. [PMID: 35743149 PMCID: PMC9223505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenin 1 (Ngn1) belongs to the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor family and plays important roles in specifying neuronal differentiation. The present study aimed to determine whether forced Ngn1 expression contributes to bone homeostasis. Ngn1 inhibited the p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor (PCAF)-induced acetylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) through binding to PCAF, which led to the inhibition of osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation, respectively. In addition, Ngn1 overexpression inhibited the TNF-α- and IL-17A-mediated enhancement of osteoclast differentiation and IL-17A-induced osteoblast differentiation. These findings indicate that Ngn1 can serve as a novel therapeutic agent for treating ankylosing spondylitis with abnormally increased bone formation and resorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ha Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.K.); (I.K.); (S.S.)
- Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Kabsun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.K.); (I.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.K.); (I.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Semun Seong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.K.); (I.K.); (S.S.)
- Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nacksung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.K.); (I.K.); (S.S.)
- Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-61-379-2835
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jiang J, Zhan X, Qu H, Liang T, Li H, Chen L, Huang S, Sun X, Jiang W, Chen J, Chen T, Yao Y, Wu S, Zhu J, Liu C. Upregulated of ANXA3, SORL1, and Neutrophils May Be Key Factors in the Progressionof Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861459. [PMID: 35464477 PMCID: PMC9019158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The specific pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains unclear, and our study aimed to investigate the possible pathogenesis of AS. Materials and Methods Two datasets were downloaded from the GEO database to perform differentially expressed gene analysis, GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, DO enrichment analysis, GSEA analysis of differentially expressed genes, and construction of diagnostic genes using SVM and WGCNA along with Hypoxia-related genes. Also, drug sensitivity analysis was performed on diagnostic genes. To identify the differentially expressed immune genes in the AS and control groups, we analyzed the composition of immune cells between them. Then, we examined differentially expressed genes in three AS interspinous ligament specimens and three Degenerative lumbar spine specimens using high-throughput sequencing while the immune cells were examined using the neutrophil count data from routine blood tests of 1770 HLA-B27-positive samples and 7939 HLA-B27-negative samples. To assess the relationship between ANXA3 and SORL1 and disease activity, we took the neutrophil counts of the first 50 patients with above-average BASDAI scores and the last 50 patients with below-average BASDAI scores for statistical analysis. We used immunohistochemistry to verify the expression of ANXA3 and SORL1 in AS and in controls. Results ANXA3 and SORL1 were identified as new diagnostic genes for AS. These two genes showed a significant differential expression between AS and controls, along with showing a significant positive correlation with the neutrophil count. The results of high-throughput sequencing verified that these two gene deletions were indeed differentially expressed in AS versus controls. Data from a total of 9707 routine blood tests showed that the neutrophil count was significantly higher in AS patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Patients with AS with a high BASDAI score had a much higher neutrophil count than those with a low score, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of ANXA3 and SORL1 in AS was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Upregulated of ANXA3, SORL1, and neutrophils may be a key factor in the progression of Ankylosing spondylitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haishun Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonmous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Tuo Liang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liyi Chen
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shengsheng Huang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuhua Sun
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenyong Jiang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tianyou Chen
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanlin Yao
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jichong Zhu
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kong W, Tang Y, Tang K, Yan Z, Liu T, Tao Q, Wang J, Liu J, Yan X. Leukemia inhibitory factor is dysregulated in ankylosing spondylitis and contributes to bone formation. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:592-600. [PMID: 35238474 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease. However, the key inflammatory cytokines disrupted in this disease are not well defined. In this study, we performed protein array and multiple protein quantification to investigate the differentially expressed cytokines in plasma between AS patients and healthy subjects. METHOD In the discovery cohort, 5 AS patients who never underwent biologic therapy and 5 gender- and age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the protein array analysis. Another 40 AS patients and 20 healthy participants were recruited in the validation stage. In addition, the messenger RNA and protein levels of osteogenesis-related genes were quantified in hFOB1.19 cells in an in vitro osteoblast model. RESULTS Of the 318 cytokines found to be differentially expressed by protein array, leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) was significantly increased in AS patients as compared to controls. The "signaling by interleukins" pathway was the most enriched pathway in AS patients, and "signaling by interleukins"-related cytokines, including LIF, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-23, and IL-31, were significantly differentially expressed in the validation stage. Additionally, we correlated the expression of LIF with C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammation of magnetic resonance imaging lesions in the spine (MRI-SPINE) in AS patients. We further analyzed the effects of LIF in hFOB cells and found that LIF promoted the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 / phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase / runt-related transcription factor 2 / alkaline phosphatase pathway at the protein level and activated several osteogenesis-related genes (RUNX2 and BGLAP). CONCLUSION LIF was increased in the plasma of AS patients as compared with healthy subjects and significantly correlated with inflammation indices (CRP and MRI-SPINE) in AS patients. Thus, LIF may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AS via promoting osteogenic differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Kong
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunhai Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeran Yan
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Tao
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Yan
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim J. Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Degenerative Diseases Related to Low Back Pain: Potential of Circular RNAs as Biomarkers. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2022; 26:51-58. [PMID: 35166604 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a main cause of disability around the world. Nevertheless, given the complex pathophysiology of LBP, the etiological diagnosis of LBP is a challenging process. Identifying appropriate biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets is still crucial for LBP research. There has been a growing interest in molecular biomarkers of LBP-related degenerative diseases. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have received great attention as microRNA (miRNA) sponges that inhibit normal miRNA activity. Due to their abundance and stability, circRNAs are considered as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Indeed, it has been reported that circulating or tissue-specific circRNAs can be used for diagnosing human diseases, including cancers, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Also of note, from 2015, research on circRNAs involved in LBP-related diseases is very active. Moreover, specific roles of some of the differentially expressed circRNAs have been demonstrated. Thus, the putative involvement of circRNAs in LBP-related diseases may suggest that some of the dysregulated circRNAs may have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets and/or diagnostic biomarkers for LBP. This review summarizes the current progress on differentially expressed circRNAs in diseases related to LBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Kim
- Department of Alternative Medicine, Graduate School of Alternative Medicine, Kyonggi University (Seoul Campus), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang Q, Jin D, Mou X, Ye H. PBMC CDC42 reveals the disease activity and treatment efficacy of TNF inhibitor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24267. [PMID: 35104386 PMCID: PMC8906019 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates the polarization of M2 macrophage and maintains the T cell homeostasis, to participate in multiple autoimmune diseases, while its clinical involvement in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains unclear. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the correlation of CDC42 with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in AS patients receiving tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor therapy. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) CDC42 expression was detected at baseline, week (W) 4, W8, and W12 after TNF inhibitor treatment in 91 AS patients and in 50 HCs after enrollment. Furthermore, serum TNF-α, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) from AS patients were detected at baseline. RESULTS Blood CDC42 was lower in AS patients compared with HCs (p < 0.001). Additionally, blood CDC42 was negatively linked with CRP (r = -0.349, p = 0.001), BASDAI score (r = -0.243, p = 0.020), and ASDASCRP score (r = -0.238, p = 0.023) in AS patients; however, blood CDC42 was not correlated with other clinical characteristics. Besides, CDC42 was negatively correlated with TNF-α (r = -0.237, p = 0.024) and IL-17A (r = -0.339, p = 0.001) but not with IFN-γ (p = 0.083) or IL-10 (p = 0.280). Moreover, blood CDC42 was elevated after TNF inhibitor treatment (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, blood CDC42 was not varied at baseline and W4 between response patients and non-response patients, while it was higher at W8 (p = 0.019) and W12 (p = 0.002) in response patients than in non-response patients after treatment. CONCLUSION Blood CDC42 deficiency links with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, disease activity and unsatisfying response to TNF inhibitor in AS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Du Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Mou
- Department of Rheumatology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Hengli Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangyan Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li J, Chen Z, Liao H, Zhong Y, Hua J, Su M, Li J, Xu J, Cui L, Cui Y. Anti-Osteogenic Effect of Danshensu in Ankylosing Spondylitis: An in Vitro Study Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:772190. [PMID: 34899327 PMCID: PMC8656304 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by abnormal bone metabolism, with few effective treatments available. Danshensu [3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl) lactic acid) is a bioactive compound from traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacologic effects. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacologic effect and molecular mechanism of Danshensu in AS. Potential targets of Danshensu were identified in four drugs-genes databases; and potential pharmacologic target genes in AS were identified in three diseases-genes databases. Differentially expressed genes related to AS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Overlapping targets of Danshensu and AS were determined and a disease–active ingredient–target interaction network was constructed with Cytoscape software. Enrichment analyses of the common targets were performed using Bioconductor. To test the validity of the constructed network, an in vitro model was established by treating osteoblasts from newborn rats with low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Then, the in vitro model and AS fibroblasts were treated with Danshensu (1–10 μM). Osteogenesis was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining and activity assay, alizarin red staining, quantitative PCR, and western blotting. We identified 2944 AS-related genes and 406 Danshensu targets, including 47 that were common to both datasets. The main signaling pathways associated with the targets were the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. A low concentration of TNF-α (0.01 ng/ml) promoted the differentiation of osteoblasts; this was inhibited by Danshensu, which had the same effect on AS fibroblasts but had the opposite effect on normal osteoblasts. Danshensu also decreased the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK in AS fibroblasts. There results provide evidence that Danshensu exerts an anti-osteogenic effect via suppression of JNK and ERK signaling, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiao Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexin Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbo Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanting Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Junying Hua
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Miaoling Su
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinrong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yang Cui
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|