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Wang W, Sun L, Zhang P, Qi L, Zheng L, Dong W. Microanalysis of molybdenum-copper stainless steel samples by picosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a promising tool in the elemental bioimaging of plant tissues. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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SUN LX, WANG W, TIAN XY, ZHANG P, QI LF, ZHENG LM. Progress in Research and Application of Micro-Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(18)61114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Modlitbová P, Novotný K, Pořízka P, Klus J, Lubal P, Zlámalová-Gargošová H, Kaiser J. Comparative investigation of toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd-based quantum dots and Cd salt in freshwater plant Lemna minor L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:334-341. [PMID: 28858706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of two different sources of cadmium, i.e. CdCl2 and Cd-based Quantum Dots (QDs), for freshwater model plant Lemna minor L. Cadmium telluride QDs were capped with two coating ligands: glutathione (GSH) or 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). Growth rate inhibition and final biomass inhibition of L. minor after 168-h exposure were monitored as toxicity endpoints. Dose-response curves for Cd toxicity and EC50168h values were statistically evaluated for all sources of Cd to uncover possible differences among the toxicities of tested compounds. Total Cd content and its bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) in L. minor after the exposure period were also determined to distinguish Cd bioaccumulation patterns with respect to different test compounds. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) with lateral resolution of 200µm was employed in order to obtain two-dimensional maps of Cd spatial distribution in L. minor fronds. Our results show that GSH- and MPA-capped Cd-based QDs have similar toxicity for L. minor, but are significantly less toxic than CdCl2. However, both sources of Cd lead to similar patterns of Cd bioaccumulation and distribution in L. minor fronds. Our results are in line with previous reports that the main mediators of Cd toxicity and bioaccumulation in aquatic plants are Cd2+ ions dissolved from Cd-based QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Modlitbová
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Novotný
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pořízka
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Klus
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Lubal
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Zlámalová-Gargošová
- Faculty of Chemistry - The Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Challenging applications for multi-element analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in agriculture: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Westover TL, Emerson RM. Rapid Analysis of Inorganic Species in Herbaceous Materials Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2015; 11:322-330. [PMID: 26733765 PMCID: PMC4693760 DOI: 10.1089/ind.2015.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic compounds in biomass, often referred to as ash, are known to be problematic in the thermochemical conversion of biomass to bio-oil or syngas and, ultimately, hydrocarbon fuels because they negatively influence reaction pathways, contribute to fouling and corrosion, poison catalysts, and impact waste streams. The most common ash-analysis methods, such as inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ICP-OES/MS), require considerable time and expensive reagents. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is emerging as a technique for rapid analysis of the inorganic constituents in a wide range of biomass materials. This study compares analytical results using LIBS data to results obtained from three separate ICP-OES/MS methods for 12 samples, including six standard reference materials. Analyzed elements include aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and silicon, and results show that concentrations can be measured with an uncertainty of approximately 100 parts per million using univariate calibration models and relatively few calibration samples. These results indicate that the accuracy of LIBS is comparable to that of ICP-OES methods and indicate that some acid-digestion methods for ICP-OES may not be reliable for Na and Al. These results also demonstrate that germanium can be used as an internal standard to improve the reliability and accuracy of measuring many elements of interest, and that LIBS can be used for rapid determination of total ash in biomass samples. Key benefits of LIBS include little sample preparation, no reagent consumption, and the generation of meaningful analytical data instantaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler L Westover
- Energy Sciences Laboratory, Biofuels and Renewable Energy Technologies Department, Idaho National Laboratory , Idaho Falls, ID
| | - Rachel M Emerson
- Energy Sciences Laboratory, Biofuels and Renewable Energy Technologies Department, Idaho National Laboratory , Idaho Falls, ID
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Arantes de Carvalho GG, Moros J, Santos D, Krug FJ, Laserna JJ. Direct determination of the nutrient profile in plant materials by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 876:26-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Tripathi DK, Singh VP, Prasad SM, Chauhan DK, Kishore Dubey N, Rai AK. Silicon-mediated alleviation of Cr(VI) toxicity in wheat seedlings as evidenced by chlorophyll florescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and anatomical changes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 113:133-44. [PMID: 25497769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si)-mediated alleviation of Cr(VI) toxicity was examined in wheat seedlings using an in vivo approach that involves chlorophyll fluorescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and anatomical changes. Exposure to Cr(VI) significantly reduced the growth and photosynthetic activities (chlorophyll fluorescence) in wheat which was accompanied by remarkable accumulation of this element in tissues. However, addition of Si to the growth medium alleviated the effects of Cr(VI). The LIBS spectra were used as a fingerprint of the elemental compositions in wheat seedlings, which showed a reduction in Cr accumulation following Si addition. Nutrient element levels (Ca, Mg, K and Na) declined in wheat following the addition of Cr (VI), as recorded by LIBS and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICAP-AES). However, addition of Si along with Cr(VI) increased the contents of nutrient elements in wheat. LIBS, ICAP-AES and AAS showed a similar distribution pattern of elements measured in wheat. Anatomical observations of leaf and root revealed that Cr(VI) affected internal structures while Si played a role in protection from toxic effects. The results showed the suitability of chlorophyll fluorescence as a parameter and appropriateness of LIBS technique and anatomical procedures to elucidate Si-mediated alleviation of Cr(VI) toxicity. Furthermore, our results suggest that the measured parameters and techniques can be used non-invasively for monitoring the growth of crops under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Center of Advance Studies, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Govt. RamanujPratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Baikunthpur, Korea-497335, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - Sheo Mohan Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D.D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
| | - Nawal Kishore Dubey
- Center of Advance Studies, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Rai
- Laser Spectroscopy Research Lab, Department of Physics, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.
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Hahn DW, Omenetto N. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), part II: review of instrumental and methodological approaches to material analysis and applications to different fields. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 66:347-419. [PMID: 22449322 DOI: 10.1366/11-06574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The first part of this two-part review focused on the fundamental and diagnostics aspects of laser-induced plasmas, only touching briefly upon concepts such as sensitivity and detection limits and largely omitting any discussion of the vast panorama of the practical applications of the technique. Clearly a true LIBS community has emerged, which promises to quicken the pace of LIBS developments, applications, and implementations. With this second part, a more applied flavor is taken, and its intended goal is summarizing the current state-of-the-art of analytical LIBS, providing a contemporary snapshot of LIBS applications, and highlighting new directions in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, such as novel approaches, instrumental developments, and advanced use of chemometric tools. More specifically, we discuss instrumental and analytical approaches (e.g., double- and multi-pulse LIBS to improve the sensitivity), calibration-free approaches, hyphenated approaches in which techniques such as Raman and fluorescence are coupled with LIBS to increase sensitivity and information power, resonantly enhanced LIBS approaches, signal processing and optimization (e.g., signal-to-noise analysis), and finally applications. An attempt is made to provide an updated view of the role played by LIBS in the various fields, with emphasis on applications considered to be unique. We finally try to assess where LIBS is going as an analytical field, where in our opinion it should go, and what should still be done for consolidating the technique as a mature method of chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Hahn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Galiová M, Kaiser J, Novotný K, Hartl M, Kizek R, Babula P. Utilization of laser-assisted analytical methods for monitoring of lead and nutrition elements distribution in fresh and dried Capsicum annuum l. leaves. Microsc Res Tech 2011; 74:845-52. [PMID: 23939673 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) have been applied for high-resolution mapping of accumulation and distribution of heavy metal (lead) and nutrition elements (potassium, manganese) in leaves of Capsicum annuum L. samples. Lead was added in a form of Pb(NO₃)₂ at concentration up to 10 mmol L⁻¹ into the vessels that contained tap water and where the 2-months old Capsicum annuum L. plants were grown another seven days. Two dimensional maps of the elements are presented for both laser-assisted analytical methods. Elemental mapping performed on fresh (frozen) and dried Capsicum annuum L. leaves are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Galiová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Evaluation of grinding methods for pellets preparation aiming at the analysis of plant materials by laser induced breakdown spectrometry. Talanta 2011; 85:1744-50. [PMID: 21872013 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that laser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) can be used as an alternative method for the determination of macro (P, K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn) in pellets of plant materials. However, information is required regarding the sample preparation for plant analysis by LIBS. In this work, methods involving cryogenic grinding and planetary ball milling were evaluated for leaves comminution before pellets preparation. The particle sizes were associated to chemical sample properties such as fiber and cellulose contents, as well as to pellets porosity and density. The pellets were ablated at 30 different sites by applying 25 laser pulses per site (Nd:YAG@1064 nm, 5 ns, 10 Hz, 25J cm(-2)). The plasma emission collected by lenses was directed through an optical fiber towards a high resolution echelle spectrometer equipped with an ICCD. Delay time and integration time gate were fixed at 2.0 and 4.5 μs, respectively. Experiments carried out with pellets of sugarcane, orange tree and soy leaves showed a significant effect of the plant species for choosing the most appropriate grinding conditions. By using ball milling with agate materials, 20 min grinding for orange tree and soy, and 60 min for sugarcane leaves led to particle size distributions generally lower than 75 μm. Cryogenic grinding yielded similar particle size distributions after 10 min for orange tree, 20 min for soy and 30 min for sugarcane leaves. There was up to 50% emission signal enhancement on LIBS measurements for most elements by improving particle size distribution and consequently the pellet porosity.
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12
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Beldjilali S, Yip WL, Hermann J, Baba-Hamed T, Belasri A. Investigation of plasmas produced by laser ablation using single and double pulses for food analysis demonstrated by probing potato skins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:2173-83. [PMID: 21461618 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report on investigations of plasmas produced by laser ablation of fresh potatoes using infrared nanosecond laser radiation. A twin laser system consisting of two Nd:YAG oscillators was used to generate single or double pulses of adjustable interpulse delay. The potatoes were irradiated under ambient air with moderate pulse energies of about 10 mJ. The expansion dynamics of the ablation plume was characterized using fast imaging with a gated camera. In addition, time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy was applied to study the spectral line emission of the various plasma species. The electron density was deduced from Stark broadening, and the plasma temperature was inferred from the relative emission intensities of spectral lines. The relative concentrations of metals were estimated from the comparison of the measured emission spectra to the spectral radiance computed for a plasma in local thermal equilibrium. It is shown that the plasma produced by double pulses has a larger volume and a lower density. These properties lead to an increase of the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of 2 and thus to an improved measurement sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beldjilali
- LP3, CNRS-Université d'Aix Marseille II, 163 Av. de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France.
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Kaiser J, Holá M, Galiová M, Novotný K, Kanický V, Martinec P, Sčučka J, Brun F, Sodini N, Tromba G, Mancini L, Kořistková T. Investigation of the microstructure and mineralogical composition of urinary calculi fragments by synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography: a feasibility study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 39:259-67. [PMID: 21161649 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-010-0343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The outcomes from the feasibility study on utilization of synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography (SR-μCT) to investigate the texture and the quantitative mineralogical composition of selected calcium oxalate-based urinary calculi fragments are presented. The comparison of the results obtained by SR-μCT analysis with those derived from current standard analytical approaches is provided. SR-μCT is proved as a potential effective technique for determination of texture, 3D microstructure, and composition of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Kaiser
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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Galiová M, Kaiser J, Novotný K, Ivanov M, Nývltová Fisáková M, Mancini L, Tromba G, Vaculovic T, Liska M, Kanický V. Investigation of the osteitis deformans phases in snake vertebrae by double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1095-107. [PMID: 20628874 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) was optimized for microspatial analyses of fossil and recent snake vertebrae. As complimentary techniques, solution analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography was utilized in order to determine the overall concentration of the selected elements in the samples and to visualize nondestructively the fossil sample microstructure, respectively. Elemental mapping of pathological bony tissue by DP-LIBS has been proven as a powerful tool for considering the osteitis deformans phases in fossil vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Galiová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlárská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
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Diopan V, Shestivska V, Zitka O, Galiova M, Adam V, Kaiser J, Horna A, Novotny K, Liska M, Havel L, Zehnalek J, Kizek R. Determination of Plant Thiols by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Coulometric and Amperometric Detection in Lettuce Treated by Lead(II) Ions. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Reale L, Kaiser J, Pace L, Lai A, Flora F, Angelosante Bruno A, Tucci A, Zuppella P, Mancini L, Tromba G, Ruggieri F, Fanelli M, Malina R, Liška M, Poma A. Detection of lead in Zea maysby dual-energy X-ray microtomography at the SYRMEP beamline of the ELETTRA synchrotron and by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 73:638-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chen L, Lin L, Yu Q, Yan X, Hang W, He J, Huang B. Semiquantitative multielemental analysis of biological samples by a laser ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:1355-8. [PMID: 19372051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Semiquantitative multielemental analyses of biological samples (tea leaf standard, Laminaria japonica, and pig skin) were demonstrated with a newly developed laser ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LI-O-TOFMS). The sample was directly ablated and ionized with high irradiance after simple sample preparation. Relative sensitivity coefficients (RSC) were calculated and evaluated for sensitivity differences. Due to the employment of a collisional cooling device and the orthogonal geometry of the TOF system, high resolving power can be obtained, such that elemental peaks and interferential peaks with the same nominal mass can be distinguished. The detection limit of microg g(-1) levels can be commonly achieved for elemental determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Sunflower Plants as Bioindicators of Environmental Pollution with Lead (II) Ions. SENSORS 2009; 9:5040-58. [PMID: 22346686 PMCID: PMC3274165 DOI: 10.3390/s90705040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of lead (II) ions on sunflower growth and biochemistry was investigated from various points of view. Sunflower plants were treated with 0, 10, 50, 100 and/or 500 μM Pb-EDTA for eight days. We observed alterations in growth in all experimental groups compared with non-treated control plants. Further we determined total content of proteins by a Bradford protein assay. By the eighth day of the experiment, total protein contents in all treated plants were much lower compared to control. Particularly noticeable was the loss of approx. 8 μg/mL or 15 μg/mL in shoots or roots of plants treated with 100 mM Pb-EDTA. We also focused our attention on the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and urease. Activity of the enzymes increased with increasing length of the treatment and applied concentration of lead (II) ions. This increase corresponds well with a higher metabolic activity of treated plants. Contents of cysteine, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and phytochelatin 2 (PC2) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Cysteine content declined in roots of plants with the increasing time of treatment of plants with Pb-EDTA and the concentration of toxic substance. Moreover, we observed ten times higher content of cysteine in roots in comparison with shoots. The observed reduction of cysteine content probably relates with its utilization for biosynthesis of GSH and phytochelatins, because the content of GSH and PC2 was similar in roots and shoots and increased with increased treatment time and concentration of Pb-EDTA. Moreover, we observed oxidative stress caused by Pb-EDTA in roots where the GSSG/GSH ratio was about 0.66. In shoots, the oxidative stress was less distinctive, with a GSSG/GSH ratio 0.14. We also estimated the rate of phytochelatin biosynthesis from the slope of linear equations plotted with data measured in the particular experimental group. The highest rate was detected in roots treated with 100 μM of Pb-EDTA. To determine heavy metal ions many analytical instruments can be used, however, most of them are only able to quantify total content of the metals. This problem can be overcome using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, because it is able to provide a high spatial-distribution of metal ions in different types of materials, including plant tissues. Data obtained were used to assemble 3D maps of Pb and Mg distribution. Distribution of these elements is concentrated around main vascular bundle of leaf, which means around midrib.
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Ohta T, Ito M, Kotani T, Hattori T. Emission enhancement of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy by localized surface plasmon resonance for analyzing plant nutrients. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 63:555-558. [PMID: 19470213 DOI: 10.1366/000370209788346896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the monitoring of plant nutrients in leaves of Citrus unshiu and Rhododendron obtusum using low-energy (<1 mJ) laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The raw plant leaf was successfully ablated without desiccation before laser irradiation, by applying metallic colloidal particles to the leaf surface. The emission intensity with the metallic particles was larger than that without the particles. This result indicates an improvement of the sensitivity and the detection limit of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The emission enhancement was caused by localized surface plasmon resonance and was dependent on the size and material of metallic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ohta
- Department of Opto-Mechatronics, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan.
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Krizkova S, Ryant P, Krystofova O, Adam V, Galiova M, Beklova M, Babula P, Kaiser J, Novotny K, Novotny J, Liska M, Malina R, Zehnalek J, Hubalek J, Havel L, Kizek R. Multi-instrumental Analysis of Tissues of Sunflower Plants Treated with Silver(I) Ions - Plants as Bioindicators of Environmental Pollution. SENSORS 2008; 8:445-463. [PMID: 27879716 PMCID: PMC3681137 DOI: 10.3390/s8010445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate sunflower plants response on stress induced by silver(I) ions. The sunflower plants were exposed to silver(I) ions (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM) for 96 h. Primarily we aimed our attention to observation of basic physiological parameters. We found that the treated plants embodied growth depression, coloured changes and lack root hairs. Using of autofluorescence of anatomical structures, such as lignified cell walls, it was possible to determine the changes of important shoot and root structures, mainly vascular bungles and development of secondary thickening. The differences in vascular bundles organisation, parenchymatic pith development in the root centre and the reduction of phloem part of vascular bundles were well observable. Moreover with increasing silver(I) ions concentration the vitality of rhizodermal cells declined; rhizodermal cells early necrosed and were replaced by the cells of exodermis. Further we employed laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for determination of spatial distribution of silver(I) ions in tissues of the treated plants. The Ag is accumulated mainly in near-root part of the sample. Moreover basic biochemical indicators of environmental stress were investigated. The total content of proteins expressively decreased with increasing silver(I) ions dose and the time of the treatment. As we compare the results obtained by protein analysis – the total protein contents in shoot as well as root parts – we can assume on the transport of the proteins from the roots to shoots. This phenomenon can be related with the cascade of processes connecting with photosynthesis. The second biochemical parameter, which we investigated, was urease activity. If we compared the activity in treated plants with control, we found out that presence of silver(I) ions markedly enhanced the activity of urease at all applied doses of this toxic metal. Finally we studied the effect of silver(I) ions on activity of urease in in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ryant
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Krystofova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Galiova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Beklova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy and University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, CZ-616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Novotny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novotny
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, CZ-616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Liska
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, CZ-616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radomir Malina
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, CZ-616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zehnalek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Hubalek
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Udolni 53, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Havel
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Reale L, Lai A, Sighicelli M, Faenov A, Pikuz T, Flora F, Zuppella P, Limongi T, Palladino L, Poma A, Kaiser J, Galiova M, Balerna A, Cinque G. Qualitative detection of Mg content in a leaf ofHedera helix by using X-ray radiation from a laser plasma source. Microsc Res Tech 2008; 71:459-68. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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