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Zafar A, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Khan AM, Mahmood T, Kilic O, Fatima A, Habib D, Sultana S, Majeed S, Attique R, Nabila. Microscopic (LM and SEM) visualization of pollen ultrastructure among honeybee flora from lower Margalla Hills and allied areas. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:3325-3338. [PMID: 35751607 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic visualization of micro-morphological characters were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) tool, which has proven to be very successful to analyze the pollen surface peculiarities. The significant goal of this research was to perform microscopic examination of pollen of some of the most frequently visited honeybee floral species around apiaries. Micro-morphological characterization of frequented honeybees foraged plants were discussed. A total of 15 species, belonging to 11 different families were identified for the foraging activities of honeybees, namely, Lantana camara, Jatropha integerrima, Helianthus annuus, Tecoma stans, Lagerstroemia indica, Duranta erecta, Cosmos sulphureus, Hymenocollis littoralis, Moringa oleifera, Cestrum nocturnum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Volkameria inermis, Catharanthus roseus, Malvastrum coromandelianum, and Citharexylum spinosum. The microscopic slides were prepared using the acetolysis method, and the qualitative and quantitative features were measured and described using microscopic tools. The pollen type sculpture varies from psilate scabrate to echinate and colpi from tricolpate to tetracolpate. Quantitative parameters such as polar diameter, mesocolpium distance, equatorial dimensions, aperture size, spine diameter, and exine thickness were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The exine thickness was measured at its maximum in C. roseus (3.85 μm), whereas it was at its minimum of 0.90 μm in L. indica and D. erecta. Pollen fertility was estimated to be highest in H. annus (88%). The current research validates scanning microscopic features of pollen of the honeybee floral species, which is helpful for the accurate identification and commercializing of honey production to generate revenue for beekeepers through the exploration of bee floral diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeela Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Muhammad Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Islamabad Wildlife Management Board, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Faculty, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Anam Fatima
- Department of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan
| | - Darima Habib
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Attique
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabila
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Khan A, Ahmad M, Zafar S, Abbas Q, Arfan M, Zafar M, Sultana S, Ullah SA, Khan S, Akhtar A, Kilic O, Ozdemir FA. Light and scanning electron microscopic observation of palynological characteristics in spineless Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) and its taxonomic significance. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2409-2427. [PMID: 35302261 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Palynological characterization is considered to be one of the significant taxonomic tools for the delimitation and identification of morphologically complicated taxa. Hence, the pollen morphology of 12 species of spineless Astragalus L. was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Studied pollen were small to medium, monad, prolate to per-prolate and tricolporate type in all studied taxa. The exine sculpturing varied from reticulate to microreticulate whereas colpus ornamentation ranged from scabrate to granulate. Furthermore, maximum polar and equatorial diameter was recorded in Astragalus leucocephalus Bunge. (45.00 μm) and A. pyrrhotrichus Boiss. (22.91 μm) while minimum in A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (28.75 μm) and A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (15.00 μm), respectively. Similarly, the ratio of polar to equatorial diameter was recorded maximum in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (2.05). The width of colpi was larger in A. hamosus L. (1.29 μm) and smaller in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (0.62 μm). We have also found the maximum value of mesocolpium in A. retamocarpus Boiss. (2.08 μm) while minimum in A. oxyglottis Steven ex M.Bieb. (1.87 μm). The quantitative pollen attributes helped in the development of pollen keys for the accurate and quick identification of the studied species. Furthermore, ordination and cluster analysis were performed for the differentiation of the investigated taxa at species level. Based on our results, we conclude that pollen features can be used for the delimitation and identification of the studied taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Department of Botany, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Biological Sciences Department, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arfan
- Department of Botany, University of Education Lahore, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Aman Ullah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Siraj Khan
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Anam Akhtar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
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Attique R, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Zafar S, Ghufran MA, Mustafa MRU, Yaseen G, Ahmad L, Sultana S, Nabila, Zafar A, Majeed S. Pollen morphology of selected melliferous plants and its taxonomic implications using microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2361-2380. [PMID: 35247018 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the melliferous bee flora pollen from arid zones of District Attock, Islamabad Capital and Rawalpindi. Morpho-palynological features has provided key information for the classification and help to explain the taxonomy of several genera and species. Therefore, in this work, we examined the morphological characters of pollen potentially to be used for the species delimitation of bee flora. A total of 18 bee floral species, classified into 12 different families were collected, pressed, identified and then acetolyized to observe the grains under microscopy. Bee pollen can be described by small, medium to large sized morphotypes presenting five types of shapes, prolate spheroidal in (seven species), sub-prolate (six species), oblate spheroidal (three species), oblate and prolate (one species each) was examined. The observed polar and equatorial diameter were found maximum in Zea mays 73.5 μm and Pelargonium inquinans 66.75 μm respectively. Pollen of six different types was found namely: tricolporate, 3-zonocolporate, monoportae, tetracolporate, tetraporate and mononsulcate. Whereas highest value of colpi length was measured in Grewia tenax (24.55 μm). Exine surface nature of pollen was examined echinate psilate and scabrate. Exine thickness noted to be maximum in Verbena tenuisecta (8.40 μm) and minimum in Citrus macrocarpa (0.4 μm). Bee floral species considered difficult to identify based on other morphological traits were successfully distinguished using pollen quantitative and qualitative traits, confirming the importance of pollen morphology to diagnose characters to correctly identify honeybee flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Attique
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Ghufran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.,Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Latif Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Upper Dir, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabila
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqeela Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yousaf Z, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Sultana S, Rozina, Ozdemir FA, Abidin SZU. Palyno-anatomical microscopic characterization of selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:1332-1354. [PMID: 34953111 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Palyno-anatomical characterization of some selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted. Six species of them belongs to four genera of family Boraginaceae and other six species belongs to four genera of Fabaceae. The current study aimed to investigate palyno-anatomical features for correct identification and taxonomic significance. Pollen grains were acetolyzed and observed both qualitatively and quantitatively through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Statistical data was analyzed through cluster analysis which categorized plants into clusters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out to illustrate morphological variation among selected plant species. Studied plant species showed variation in shape, size, aperture type, exine ornamentation of pollen, size and shape of epidermal cells, types of stomata, guard cells, subsidiary cells and trichome types. Exine thickness was recorded maximum 2.30 ± 0.1 μm in Lablab purpureus and minimum 1.05 ± 0.2 in Gastrocotyle hispida. PCA summarized 73.78% of accumulative variance. Trichome index was observed highest 62% on the adaxial surface of Heliotropium europaeum and lowest 21% on adaxial surface of L. purpureus. These findings reinforce the importance of palyno-anatomical features in the characterization and identification of taxa. It was concluded that description of palyno-anatomical characteristics presented in this study, highly contribute to our knowledge for correct identification of plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Yousaf
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rozina
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bingol University, Turkey
| | - Sheikh Zain Ul Abidin
- Institute of Biological Sciences (Botany Program), Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
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5
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Hameed A, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Sultana S, Bahadur S, Anjum F, Shuaib M, Taj S, Irm M, Altaf MA. Chemo-taxonomic and biological potential of highly therapeutic plant Pedicularis groenlandica Retz. using multiple microscopic techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2890-2905. [PMID: 34077585 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pedicularis groenlandica is one of the most important medicinal plant of Deosai Plateau (Gilgit-Baltistan) Pakistan. The present study was aim to evaluate the micromorphological features, phytochemical screening and pharmacological potential of P. groenlandica by using multiple microscopic techniques. Six different solvents were used to prepare P. groenlandica extracts. Phytochemical and antioxidant activities were determined calorimetrically. To investigate antidiabetic, α-amylase inhibition assay was performed. Cytotoxicity was tested using brine shrimp assay. Anti-leishmanial via MTT assay. Disc-diffusion assay was used for protein kinase inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Palyno-anatomical study showed significant variation for the authentication and correct identification of this highly therapeutic plant by using light and scanning electron microscopic techniques. All extracts were found rich in phytochemicals, significant amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in methanol extract (PGM) 95.78 mg GAE/g and 66.90 mg QE/g. Highest DPPH scavenging potential with IC50 88.65 μg/mL, total antioxidant capacity (60.33 mg AAE/g sample) and total reducing power (83.97 mg AAE/g) were found for PGM. Disc-diffusion method showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. Noticeable growth inhibition in L. tropica was displayed by n-hexane extract (IC50 112 μg/mL). Brine shrimp with highest LD50 (67.65 μg/mL) in ethyl-acetate extract. Ethanol extract gives persuasive protein kinase inhibition (26 mm) against Streptomyces 85-E hyphae. Highest alpha-amylase inhibition (74.10%) was found in n-hexane extract. In conclusion, our findings scientifically support the ethno-medicinal and biological potential of P. groenlandica. In future, the plant needs to be explored for further identification and isolation of bioactive compounds to develop new drugs to treat several aliments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Hameed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- College of Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Farida Anjum
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Sehrish Taj
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization In South China Sea, Hainan University Haikou 570228, China
| | - Misbah Irm
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization In South China Sea, Hainan University Haikou 570228, China
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Khan S, Jan G, Ahmad M, Gul F, Zafar M, Mangi JUD, Bibi H, Sultana S, Usma A, Majeed S. Morpho-palynological assessment of some species of family Asteraceae and Lamiaceae of District Bannu, Pakistan on the bases of light microscope & scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1220-1232. [PMID: 33522646 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pollen micro-morphological features have proven to be helpful for the plant taxonomists in the identification and classification of plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the palynological features of family Asteraceae and Lamiaceae from flora of District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan using both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscope (LM) for their taxonomic importance. Pollen of seven Asteraceous species belonging to four genera and four Lamiaceae species categorized into four genera were collected from different localities of research area. The present research work provides detailed information of diverse morpho-palynological characters both qualitatively and quantitatively including pollen shape, type, diameter, P/E ratio, exine sculpturing and thickness. Type of pollen in Asteraceae and Lamiaceae was ranged from tricolporate, tricolpate, trizonocolpate and hexazonocolpate. The maximum polar diameter (40.05 μm) and equatorial diameter (37.66 μm) was observed in the Ajuga bracteoosa while minimum polar and equatorial diameter was noted in Isodon rugosus (11.10 μm) and Erigeron canadensis (13.20 μm) respectively. Sculpturing of exine include; echinate, reticulate scabrate, aerolate, reticulate-verrucate, reticulate-scabrate, perforate and reticulate to perforate. Exine thickness was examined maximum 1.50 μm in Helianthus tuberosus, whereas minimum in Conyza Canadensis (0.16 μm). The pollen fertility was found highest in C Canadensis (83.33%) and lowest in Ajuga bracteosa (58.06%). The observed pollen morphology has many valuable qualitative and quantitative attributes for the better understanding of their taxonomy and play significant role in correct identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraj Khan
- Department of Botany, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Puhktunkhuwa, Pakistan
| | - Gul Jan
- Department of Botany, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Puhktunkhuwa, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Gul
- Department of Botany, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Puhktunkhuwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hameeda Bibi
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Puhktunkhuwa, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwer Usma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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“Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of methanolic extract/fraction of Ocimum basilicum L.”. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Ashfaq S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Sultana S, Bahadur S, Ahmed SN, Gul S, Nazish M. Pollen morphology of family Solanaceae and its taxonomic significance. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20181221. [PMID: 33331396 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020181221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pollen micro-morphology of family Solanaceae from the different phytogeographical region of Pakistan has been assessed. In this study, thirteen species belonging to ten genera of Solanaceae have been studied using light and scanning electron microscopy for both qualitative and quantitative features. Solanaceae is a eurypalynous family and a significant variation was observed in pollen size, shape, polarity and exine sculpturing. Examined plant species includes, Brugmansia suaveolens, Capsicum annuum, Cestrum parqui, Datura innoxia, Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, Petunia hybrida, Physalis minima, Solanum americanum, Solanum erianthum, Solanum melongena, Solanum surattense and Withania somnifera. The prominent pollen type is tricolporate and shed as a monad. High pollen fertility reflects that observed taxa are well-known in the study area. Based on the observed pollen traits a taxonomic key was developed for the accurate and quick identification of species. Principal Component Analysis was performed that shows some morphological features are the main characters in the identification. Cluster Analysis was performed that separate the plant species in a cluster. The findings highlight the importance of Palyno-morphological features in the characterization and identification of Solanaceous taxa. It is concluded that both LM and SEM significantly play a key role in correct identification of taxa studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shomaila Ashfaq
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra N Ahmed
- The Women university Multan, Department of botany, Faculty of Botany, 66000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saba Gul
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Moona Nazish
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plants Sciences, Faculty of Plant Sciences, University Road, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
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Iqbal S, Parveen N, Bahadur S, Ahmad T, Shuaib M, Nizamani MM, Urooj Z, Rubab S. Paclobutrazol mediated changes in growth and physio-biochemical traits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) grown under drought stress. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Shuaib M, Bahadur S, Hussain F. Enumeration of genetic diversity of wild rice through phenotypic trait analysis. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Gul S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Bahadur S, Zaman W, Ayaz A, Shuaib M, Butt MA, Ullah F, Saqib S, Nizamani MM, Urooj Z. Palynological characteristics of selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:471-479. [PMID: 32959483 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lamioideae comprised the second-largest subfamily in Lamiaceae. Although considerable progress has recently been made in the taxonomic study of Lamioideae, the subfamily remains one of the most poorly investigated subfamily in Lamiaceae. Therefore, the present study was designed with the aim to document the pollen micromorphology of some selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance from Pakistan. Pollen micromorphological features were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains are monad, tricolpate, radially/bilateral symmetrical. The pollen grains were small to medium-sized having oblate, oblate/subspheroidal, and subspheroidal shape. Exine sculpturing was observed as reticulate, microreticulate, and bireticulate. The colpus surface ornamentation was found as verrucate, gemmate, scabrate, and psilate. There was a considerable variation between the species in the micromorphology, that is, the coarseness of the reticulum, thickness of the muri comprising the reticulum and the number of secondary lumina per primary lumen. Hence, this study documented the pollen morphology of some selected taxa of the subfamily Lamioideae from Pakistan and strengthens the taxonomic identification of subfamily based on pollen characters, which helps in the correct identification, discrimination of the species of Lamioideae at generic and species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Gul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Asma Ayaz
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Maryam Akram Butt
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ullah
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Saddam Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zara Urooj
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grass Science, North East Normal University, Changchun, China
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Ahmed SN, Ahmad M, Yaseen G, Zafar M, Rashid S, Nazir A, Sultana S, Anjum F, Ozdemir FA, Kilic O. Quality assurance and authentication of herbal drug (Argyrolobium roseum and Viola stocksii) through comparative light and scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:28-37. [PMID: 32803804 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The quality assurance and authentication of crude herbal drugs play important role in the effective therapeutic effect of herbal drug and their products. There are many reported problems in quality assurance of herbal crude drugs concerning to their correct identification. The present study was designed with the aim to document the authentication and quality assurance of the herbal crude drugs (Argyrolobium roseum and Viola stocksii) thorough light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The detailed foliar anatomical studies showed polygonal epidermal cells having anticlinal walls in Argyrolobium roseum while rounded epidermal cells were observed in Viola stocksii. The anomocytic stomata type was observed in Argrolobium roseum while actinocytic was noticed in Viola stocksii. The pollen of studied species appeared as tricolporate showing reticulate exine sculpturing in Argrolobium roseum while fine perforations were recorded in Viola stocksii. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity showed high flavonoid and phenol content in Argyrolobium roseum as compared with Viola stocksii. It was observed that Argyrolobium roseum was discriminated from the Viola stocksii based on the leaf and pollen micromorphological traits by using LM and SEM techniques. It was concluded that LM and SEM techniques were found useful for the quality assurance of botanicals and their authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Nisar Ahmed
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.,Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Rashid
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nazir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farida Anjum
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Turkey
| | - Omer Kilic
- Adıyaman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Adıyaman, Turkey
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13
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Ali M, Bahadur S, Hussain A, Saeed S, Khuram I, Ullah M, Shao J, Akhtar N. Foliar epidermal micromorphology and its taxonomic significance in
Polygonatum
(Asparagaceae) using scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:1381-1390. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maroof Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry College of Forestry, Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Physics, Centre of Physics The University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Sara Saeed
- Department of Physics, Centre of Physics The University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Izaz Khuram
- Department of Botany University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ullah
- Department of Botany University of Science & Technology Bannu Pakistan
| | - Jian‐Wen Shao
- Department of Biological Sciences College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Department of Botany Islamia College University Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
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14
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Sajad MA, Khan MS, Bahadur S, Naeem A, Ali H, Batool F, Shuaib M, Khan MAS, Batool S. Evaluation of chromium phytoremediation potential of some plant species of Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Bahadur S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Gul S, Ayaz A, Ashfaq S, Rubab S, Shuaib M, Ahmad S. Taxonomic study of one generic and two new species record to the flora of Pakistan using multiple microscopic techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:345-353. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- College of Life and Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan University Haikou China
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saba Gul
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Asma Ayaz
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Shomaila Ashfaq
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saima Rubab
- Department of PharmacognosyLahore Pharmacy College LMDC Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University Kunming China
| | - Shakil Ahmad
- Key laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and PestsHainan University Haikou China
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16
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Hu Z, Zhao Y, Zhao C, Liu J. Taxonomic importance of pollen morphology in Veratrum
L. (Melanthiaceae) using microscopic techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:865-876. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies; Capital Normal University; Beijing China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies; Capital Normal University; Beijing China
| | - Chunhai Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies; Capital Normal University; Beijing China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies; Capital Normal University; Beijing China
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17
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Naeem I, Munir I, Durrett TP, Iqbal A, Aulakh KS, Ahmad MA, Khan H, Khan IA, Hussain F, Shuaib M, Shah AA, Muhammad I, Bahadur S, Begim K, Hussain F. Feasible regeneration and agro bacterium-mediated transformation of Brassica juncea with Euonymus alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (EaDAcT) gene. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1324-1332. [PMID: 32346342 PMCID: PMC7182792 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study an effort has been made to optimize the in vitro regeneration protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Brassica juncea, because of its importance as oilseed crops. The highest callus induction frequency of 87% was observed on MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with 4 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA) after four weeks of culture period. Subculturing of organogenic calli in MS media with a similar hormonal composition resulted in shoot organogenesis after six weeks of culture cultivation. The highest shoot induction frequency (92%) was recorded on MS medium containing 4 µM BA in combination with 1 µM of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Further, well-developed roots were formed in MS media augmented with 6 µM of Indole acetic acid (IAA) in combination with 1 µM Kinetin (Kn). Cotyledon explants were exploited in vitro for the successful transformation of B. juncea. A binary vector comprised of the Euonymus alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (EaDAcT) gene under the transcriptional control of a glycinin promoter and with a basta selection marker was introduced into A. tumefaciens strain GV3101 via electroporation. EaDAcT gene is responsible for unusual triacylglycerol’s production where the sn-3 position is esterified with acetate instead of the long-chain fatty acid found in the triacylglycerol’s. The highest regeneration frequency (100%) of transgenic shoots was observed on MS medium supplemented with 4 µM BA plus 1 µM NAA in the presence of 25 mg l−1 basta and 160 mg l−1 timintin. The efficiency of stable transformation was found to be approximately 7% in the transgenic plants. Moreover, the transformed regenerated shoots were confirmed by PCR analysis using EaDAcT gene-specific primers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz Naeem
- Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23561, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Munir
- Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors at: Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan (I. Munir). School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China (M. Shuaib).
| | - Timothy P. Durrett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, 66506, USA
| | - Aqib Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan
| | - Karanbir S Aulakh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, 66506, USA
| | - Mian Afaq Ahmad
- Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Khan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23561, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ali Khan
- Department of Entomology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Firasat Hussain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23561, Pakistan
- Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Corresponding authors at: Institute of Biotechnology Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130, Pakistan (I. Munir). School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China (M. Shuaib).
| | - Asad Ali Shah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikram Muhammad
- Laboratory of Plant Metabolic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- College of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Khaist Begim
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Pakistan
| | - Fida Hussain
- Department of Botany, Qurtuba University Peshawar, Pakistan
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18
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ISHTIAQ SAIQA, HANIF UZMA, SHAHEEN SHABNUM, BAHADUR SARAJ, LIAQAT IRAM, AWAN UMERFAROOQ, SHAHID MEMUNAGHAFOOR, SHUAIB MUHAMMAD, ZAMAN WAJID, MEO MEHWISH. Antioxidant potential and chemical characterization of bioactive compounds from a medicinal plant Colebrokea oppositifolia Sm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20190387. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - WAJID ZAMAN
- Quaid-I-Azam University, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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19
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Rubab S, Rizwani GH, Bahadur S, Shah M, Alsamadany H, Alzahrani Y, Alghamdi SA, Anwar Y, Shuaib M, Shah AA, Muhammad I, Zaman W. Neuropharmacological potential of various morphological parts of Camellia sinensis L. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:567-573. [PMID: 31889883 PMCID: PMC6933244 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia sinensis L. has long been used as a therapeutic agent for the Central nervous system (CNS) due to the presence of flavonoids. The present study aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent Neuropharmacological behavioral potential of Camellia sinensis seed and leaf extracts on mice. To evaluate the differential potential of leaf and seed extract various doses were prepared and examined in open field, head dip, rearing, cage cross, swimming and traction tests. One-way ANOVA set at P* < 0.05 followed by POST HOC LSD (P* < 0.01) was applied to evaluate the significant difference among the treatments. Herein both seed and leaf extract showed significant results at high doses. Interestingly leaf extract at high dose showed significant effect on mice CNS in open field and head dip test, while seed at high dose revealed significant stimulus on mice CNS in rearing, cage cross, swimming and traction tests. Overall results showed that seed produced more stimulant effect and less calmness as compared to leaf extract was. Tea leaves had already known as potential CNS stimulant drugs; current investigation suggests that tea seed can be used as an alternative CNS stimulant agent with more effective stimulant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Rubab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lahore Pharmacy College, LMDC Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Saraj Bahadur
- College of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University Haikou China, China
| | - Muzammil Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hameed Alsamadany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameera A. Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulazia University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Asad Ali Shah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ikram Muhammad
- Laboratory of Plant Metabolic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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20
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Ayaz A, Zaman W, Ullah F, Saqib S, Jamshed S, Bahadur S, Shakoor A, Arshad B. Systematics study through scanning electron microscopy; a tool for the authentication of herbal drug
Mentha suaveolens
Ehrh. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:81-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ullah
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saddam Saqib
- Department of BiotechnologyMohi‐ Ud‐Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif Pakistan
| | - Shayan Jamshed
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Abdul Shakoor
- Key laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, College of Environment and PlanningHenan University Kaifeng China
| | - Bushra Arshad
- Department of BiotechnologyMohi‐ Ud‐Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif Pakistan
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