1
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Tovtik R, Muchová E, Štacková L, Slavíček P, Klán P. Spin-Vibronic Control of Intersystem Crossing in Iodine-Substituted Heptamethine Cyanines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37146036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling between electronic states of different multiplicity can be strongly coupled to molecular vibrations, and this interaction is becoming recognized as an important mechanism for controlling the course of photochemical reactions. Here, we show that the involvement of spin-vibronic coupling is essential for understanding the photophysics and photochemistry of heptamethine cyanines (Cy7), bearing iodine as a heavy atom in the C3' position of the chain and/or a 3H-indolium core, as potential triplet sensitizers and singlet oxygen producers in methanol and aqueous solutions. The sensitization efficiency was found to be an order of magnitude higher for the chain-substituted than the 3H-indolium core-substituted derivatives. Our ab initio calculations demonstrate that while all optimal structures of Cy7 are characterized by negligible spin-orbit coupling (tenths of cm-1) with no dependence on the position of the substituent, molecular vibrations lead to its significant increase (tens of cm-1 for the chain-substituted cyanines), which allowed us to interpret the observed position dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Tovtik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technické 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Štacková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technické 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Exner R, Cortezon-Tamarit F, Ge H, Pourzand C, Pascu SI. Unraveling the Chemistry of meso-Cl Tricarbocyanine Dyes in Conjugation Reactions for the Creation of Peptide Bonds. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2022; 2:642-654. [PMID: 36573095 PMCID: PMC9782398 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tricarbocyanine dyes have become popular tools in life sciences and medicine. Their near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence makes them ideal agents for imaging of thick specimens or in vivo imaging, e.g., in fluorescence-guided surgery. Among other types of cyanine dyes, meso-Cl tricarbocyanine dyes have received a surge of interest, as it emerged that their high reactivity makes them inherently tumor-targeting. As such, significant research efforts have focused on conjugating these to functional moieties. However, the syntheses generally suffer from low yields. Hereby, we report on the reaction of meso-Cl dyes with a small selection of coupling reagents to give the corresponding keto-polymethines, potentially explaining low yields and the prevalence of monofunctionalized cyanine conjugates in the current state of the art of functional near-infrared dyes. We present the synthesis and isolation of the first keto-polymethine-based conjugate and present preliminary investigation in the prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 by confocal microscopy and discuss changes to optical properties in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger
M. Exner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.
| | | | - Haobo Ge
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.
| | - Charareh Pourzand
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University
of Bath, Claverton Down
Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.,Centre
of Therapeutic Innovations, University of
Bath, Claverton Down
Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.,Centre
of Therapeutic Innovations, University of
Bath, Claverton Down
Road, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K.,
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3
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Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou C, Li M, Wang X, Zhang W, Liu Z, Wu L, James TD, Li P, Tang B. Precision Navigation of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Guided by Lysosomal Viscosity-Activatable NIR-II Fluorescence. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13586-13599. [PMID: 35793548 PMCID: PMC9354259 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is responsible for postoperative liver dysfunction and liver failure. Precise and rapid navigation of HIRI lesions is critical for early warning and timely development of pretreatment plans. Available methods for assaying liver injury fail to provide the exact location of lesions in real time intraoperatively. HIRI is intimately associated with oxidative stress which impairs lysosomal degradative function, leading to significant changes in lysosomal viscosity. Therefore, lysosomal viscosity is a potential biomarker for the precise targeting of HIRI. Hence, we developed a viscosity-activatable second near-infrared window fluorescent probe (NP-V) for the detection of lysosomal viscosity in hepatocytes and mice during HIRI. A reactive oxygen species-malondialdehyde-cathepsin B signaling pathway during HIRI was established. We further conducted high signal-to-background ratio NIR-II fluorescence imaging of HIRI mice. The contour and boundary of liver lesions were delineated, and as such the precise intraoperative resection of the lesion area was implemented. This research demonstrates the potential of NP-V as a dual-functional probe for the elucidation of HIRI pathogenesis and the direct navigation of HIRI lesions in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmiao Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Luling Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Tony D James
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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4
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Podrugina TA, Pavlova AS, Doroshenko IA, Kuz’min VA, Kostyukov AA, Shtil’ AA. Synthesis and photophysical properties of conformationally fixed tricarbocyanines with phosphonate groups. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Miki K, Kojima K, Oride K, Harada H, Morinibu A, Ohe K. pH-Responsive near-infrared fluorescent cyanine dyes for molecular imaging based on pH sensing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03035e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
pH-Responsive near-infrared cyanine dyes were synthesized and applied as imaging probes of acidic intracellular compartments of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Miki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Kentaro Kojima
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Kazuaki Oride
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology
- Radiation Biology Center
- Kyoto University
- Yoshida Konoe-cho
- Kyoto 606-8501
| | - Akiyo Morinibu
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology
- Radiation Biology Center
- Kyoto University
- Yoshida Konoe-cho
- Kyoto 606-8501
| | - Kouichi Ohe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
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6
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Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Hu X, Liu X, Liu M, Cao Z, Shangguan D, Tan W. A Cyanine Dye to Probe Mitophagy: Simultaneous Detection of Mitochondria and Autolysosomes in Live Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12368-74. [PMID: 27574920 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a process in which cells remove dysfunctional mitochondria and recycle their constituents in a lysosome-dependent manner. To probe this process, two different fluorescent dyes specific for mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively, are often used in combination. However, current fluorescent dyes for lysosomes cannot distinguish mitochondria-containing autolysosomes from other lysosomes. Therefore, we herein report a cyanine dye, HQO, which can simultaneously probe mitochondria and autolysosomes in live cells by exhibiting different fluorescence properties. HQO selectively accumulates in mitochondria but then transforms to the protonated HQOH(+) form with the decrease of pH when dysfunctional mitochondria evolve into autolysosomes. Since HQO and HQOH(+) exhibit different absorption and emission with Ex/Em at 530/650 and 710/750 nm, respectively, in a low polarity environment, such as that found in micelles, they are uniquely suited to monitor mitophagy with the ability to distinguish autolysosomes from other lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Meirong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zehui Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, China.,Department of Chemistry, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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7
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Pascal S, Denis-Quanquin S, Appaix F, Duperray A, Grichine A, Le Guennic B, Jacquemin D, Cuny J, Chi SH, Perry JW, van der Sanden B, Monnereau C, Andraud C, Maury O. Keto-polymethines: a versatile class of dyes with outstanding spectroscopic properties for in cellulo and in vivo two-photon microscopy imaging. Chem Sci 2016; 8:381-394. [PMID: 28451183 PMCID: PMC5365052 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02488b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of keto-heptamethine derivatives has been expanded to various new symmetrical and asymmetrical structures, including an unprecedented di-anionic keto-polymethine. The spectroscopic behavior of these new dyes has been systematically and thoroughly investigated, revealing that the formation of hydrogen bond interactions with protic solvents is responsible for a dramatic enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield in the far-red spectral region. The existence of these strong hydrogen-bond interactions was further confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations. These bis-dipolar polymethines exhibit large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections (σ2 in GM) in the near-infrared, making them ideal candidates for NIR-to-NIR two-photon microscopy imaging applications. We demonstrate that the molecular engineering of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance enables targeting of different cellular components, such as cytoplasm or cell membranes. Addition of appropriate substituents provides the molecule with high-water-solubility, affording efficient two-photon probes for angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pascal
- ENS Lyon , Université de Lyon 1 , CNRS Laboratoire de chimie de l'ENS Lyon , UMR 5182 CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France . ;
| | - Sandrine Denis-Quanquin
- ENS Lyon , Université de Lyon 1 , CNRS Laboratoire de chimie de l'ENS Lyon , UMR 5182 CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France . ;
| | - Florence Appaix
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences , GIN, Inserm , U836 , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Alain Duperray
- Inserm , Institut Albert Bonniot , U823 , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,Université Grenoble Alpes , IAB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Alexei Grichine
- Inserm , Institut Albert Bonniot , U823 , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,Université Grenoble Alpes , IAB , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes , UMR 6226 CNRS , Université de Rennes 1 , 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc , 35042 Rennes Cedex , France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM , CNRS 6230 , Université; de Nantes , 2 Rue de la Houssiniére, BP 92208 , 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 , France.,Institut Universitaire de France , 103 Bvd Michelet , 75005 Paris Cedex 5 , France
| | - Jérôme Cuny
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ) , Université de Toulouse III [UPS] and CNRS , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - San-Hui Chi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics , Georgia Institute of Technology , 901 Atlantic Drive NW , Atlanta , GA 30332-0400 , USA
| | - Joseph W Perry
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics , Georgia Institute of Technology , 901 Atlantic Drive NW , Atlanta , GA 30332-0400 , USA
| | - Boudewijn van der Sanden
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences , GIN, Inserm , U836 , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Cyrille Monnereau
- ENS Lyon , Université de Lyon 1 , CNRS Laboratoire de chimie de l'ENS Lyon , UMR 5182 CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France . ;
| | - Chantal Andraud
- ENS Lyon , Université de Lyon 1 , CNRS Laboratoire de chimie de l'ENS Lyon , UMR 5182 CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France . ;
| | - Olivier Maury
- ENS Lyon , Université de Lyon 1 , CNRS Laboratoire de chimie de l'ENS Lyon , UMR 5182 CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie , 69364 Lyon , France . ;
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8
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Wang P, Huang J, Gu Y. Rational design of a novel mitochondrial-targeted near-infrared fluorescent pH probe for imaging in living cells and in vivo. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent pH probe NIR-F1 could sensitively and selectively monitor pH changes in living cells and living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- PR China
| | - Jinxin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- PR China
| | - Yueqing Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- PR China
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9
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Patel NJ, Manivannan E, Joshi P, Ohulchanskyy TJ, Nani RR, Schnermann MJ, Pandey RK. Impact of Substituents in Tumor Uptake and Fluorescence Imaging Ability of Near-Infrared Cyanine-like Dyes. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:1219-30. [PMID: 26108696 DOI: 10.1111/php.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This report presents a simple strategy to introduce various functionalities in a cyanine dye (bis-indole-N-butylsulfonate-polymethine bearing a fused cyclic chloro-cyclohexene ring structure), and assess the impact of these substitutions in tumor uptake, retention and imaging. The results obtained from the structural activity relationship (SAR) study demonstrate that certain structural features introduced in the cyanine dye moiety make a remarkable difference in tumor avidity. Among the compounds investigated, the symmetrical CDs containing an amino-phenyl thioether group attached to a cyclohexene ring system and the two N-butyl linkers with terminal sulfonate groups in benzoindole moieties exhibited excellent tumor imaging ability in BALB/c mice bearing Colon26 tumors. Compared to indocyanine green (ICG), approved by FDA as a blood pooling agent, which has also been investigated for the use in tumor imaging, the modified CD selected on the basis of SAR study produced enhanced uptake and longer retention in tumor(s). A facile approach reported herein for introducing a variety of functionalities in tumor-avid CD provides an opportunity to create multi-imaging modality agent(s). Using a combination of mass spectrometry and absorbance techniques, the photobleaching of one of the CDs was analyzed and significant regioselective photooxidation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan J Patel
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cancer Therapeutics, Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY.,PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Penny Joshi
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Roger R Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Ravindra K Pandey
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cancer Therapeutics, Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY.,PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
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10
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Gorka AP, Nani RR, Schnermann MJ. Cyanine polyene reactivity: scope and biomedical applications. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7584-98. [PMID: 26052876 PMCID: PMC7780248 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyanines are indispensable fluorophores that form the chemical basis of many fluorescence-based applications. A feature that distinguishes cyanines from other common fluorophores is an exposed polyene linker that is both crucial to absorption and emission and subject to covalent reactions that dramatically alter these optical properties. Over the past decade, reactions involving the cyanine polyene have been used as foundational elements for a range of biomedical techniques. These include the optical sensing of biological analytes, super-resolution imaging, and near-IR light-initiated uncaging. This review surveys the chemical reactivity of the cyanine polyene and the biomedical methods enabled by these reactions. The overarching goal is to highlight the multifaceted nature of cyanine chemistry and biology, as well as to point out the key role of reactivity-based insights in this promising area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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11
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Ptaszek M. Rational design of fluorophores for in vivo applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2014; 113:59-108. [PMID: 23244789 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386932-6.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of small organic molecules exhibit properties that make them suitable for fluorescence in vivo imaging. The most promising candidates are cyanines, squaraines, boron dipyrromethenes, porphyrin derivatives, hydroporphyrins, and phthalocyanines. The recent designing and synthetic efforts have been dedicated to improving their optical properties (shift the absorption and emission maxima toward longer wavelengths and increase the brightness) as well as increasing their stability and water solubility. The most notable advances include development of encapsulated cyanine dyes with increased stability and water solubility, squaraine rotaxanes with increased stability, long-wavelength-absorbing boron dipyrromethenes, long-wavelength-absorbing porphyrin and hydroporphyrin derivatives, and water-soluble phthalocyanines. Recent advances in luminescence and bioluminescence have made self-illuminating fluorophores available for in vivo applications. Development of new types of hydroporphyrin energy-transfer dyads gives the promise for further advances in in vivo multicolor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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12
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Lee H, Berezin MY, Tang R, Zhegalova N, Achilefu S. Pyrazole-substituted near-infrared cyanine dyes exhibit pH-dependent fluorescence lifetime properties. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 89:326-31. [PMID: 23094959 DOI: 10.1111/php.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dye is functionalized with pyrazole derivatives at the meso-position to induce pH-dependent photophysical properties. The presence of pyrazole unsubstituted at (1) N-position is essential to induce pH-dependent fluorescence intensity and lifetime changes in these dyes. Replacement of meso-chloro group of cyanine dye IR820 with (1) N-unsubstituted pyrazole resulted in the pH-dependent fluorescence lifetime changes from 0.93 ns in neutral media to 1.27 ns in acidic media in DMSO. Time-resolved emission spectra (TRES) revealed that at lower pH, the pyrazole consists of fluorophores with two distinct lifetimes, which cor-responds to pH-sensitive and non-pH-sensitive species. In contrast, (1) N-substituted pyrazoles do not exhibit pH response, suggesting excited state electron transfer as the mechanism of pH-dependent fluorescence lifetime sensitivity for this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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13
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Poronik YM, Hugues V, Blanchard-Desce M, Gryko DT. Octupolar merocyanine dyes: a new class of nonlinear optical chromophores. Chemistry 2012; 18:9258-66. [PMID: 22730217 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A set of new octupolar merocyanine chromophores was designed and synthesized. These compounds were prepared from the reaction of 1,3,5-triformyl-2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene with heterocyclic nucleophiles. Octupolar dyes were formed exclusively in their open-dye form. The one- and two-photon-absorption spectra of the dyes consist of two bands: The long-wavelength band in the two-photon absorption spectrum (a few hundreds GM above 1000 nm) matches well with the intense, long-wavelength-absorption band that is located in the visible region in the linear spectrum. Interestingly, an additional, much-more-intense TPA band in the NIR region is observed at higher energy, which corresponds to a weakly allowed one-photon electronic transition. Changing the peripheral heterocyclic moieties allows tuning of the optical properties to approach the cyanine limit (i.e., polymethine state), thus resulting in a red-shift of the low-energy one-photon-absorption band as well as to the rise of an intense two-photon-absorption band in the NIR region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first synthesis and TPA characterization of octupolar merocyanine chromophores with typical low-bond-length alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgen M Poronik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka Str., 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Hilderbrand SA, Kelly KA, Niedre M, Weissleder R. Near infrared fluorescence-based bacteriophage particles for ratiometric pH imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1635-9. [PMID: 18666791 DOI: 10.1021/bc800188p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorogenic imaging agents emitting in the near-infrared are becoming important research tools for disease investigation in vivo. Often pathophysiological states such as cancer and cystic fibrosis are associated with disruptions in acid/base homeostasis. The development of optical sensors for pH imaging would facilitate the investigation of these diseased conditions. In this report, the design and synthesis of a ratiometric near-infrared emitting probe for pH quantification is detailed. The pH-responsive probe is prepared by covalent attachment of pH-sensitive and pH-insensitive fluorophores to a bacteriophage particle scaffold. The pH-responsive cyanine dye, HCyC-646, used to construct the probe, has a fluorogenic pKa of 6.2, which is optimized for visualization of acidic pH often associated with tumor hypoxia and other diseased states. Incorporation of pH-insensitive reference dyes enables the ratiometric determination of pH independent of the probe concentration. With the pH-responsive construct, measurement of intracellular pH and accurate determination of pH through optically diffuse biological tissue is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Hilderbrand
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, USA.
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15
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16
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Pal R, Parker D. A ratiometric optical imaging probe for intracellular pH based on modulation of europium emission. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1020-33. [DOI: 10.1039/b718993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Lee H, Mason JC, Achilefu S. Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Near-Infrared Aminophenyl-, Hydroxyphenyl-, and Phenyl-Substituted Heptamethine Cyanines. J Org Chem 2007; 73:723-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo701793h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - J. Christian Mason
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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18
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Lee H, Mason JC, Achilefu S. Heptamethine cyanine dyes with a robust C-C bond at the central position of the chromophore. J Org Chem 2007; 71:7862-5. [PMID: 16995699 DOI: 10.1021/jo061284u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel, highly fluorescent, monofunctional, water-soluble heptamethine cyanine dyes containing a robust C-C bond at the central position of the near-infrared fluorophore system were prepared by the Suzuki-Miyaura method. The reaction proceeded efficiently to replace the meso-chlorine atom with a carboxy-functionalized aryl moiety and afforded the desired compounds in high yields. This methodology is particularly attractive due to its versatility and the utilization of environmentally friendly water as solvent. The new compounds possess excellent spectral properties and readily label bioactive molecules on solid support. The results demonstrate the potential of using the new compounds as fluorescent antennae for molecular imaging, spectroscopy, microscopy, and chemical or biological molecular recognition studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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19
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Kim Y, Choi Y, Weissleder R, Tung CH. Membrane permeable esterase-activated fluorescent imaging probe. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5054-7. [PMID: 17664067 PMCID: PMC1995663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An esterase-triggered probe 2 derived from a cyanine-based pH sensitive dye was developed for cell labeling. Permeation of probe 2 into cells and subsequent hydrolytic activation by cellular esterases result in a bright fluorescent intracellular signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmi Kim
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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20
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Strekowski L, Lee H, Mason JC, Say M, Patonay G. Stability in solution of indolium heptamethine cyanines and related pH-sensitive systems. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Hilderbrand SA, Weissleder R. Optimized pH-responsive cyanine fluorochromes for detection of acidic environments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:2747-9. [PMID: 17594041 DOI: 10.1039/b703764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of pH-responsive cyanine dye pK(a) values via heteroatom substitution allows for design of fluorescent reporters that are tuned for potential imaging of biologically relevant acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Hilderbrand
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
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22
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Strekowski L, Mason JC, Say M, Lee H, Gupta R, Hojjat M. NOVEL SYNTHETIC ROUTE TO pH-SENSITIVE 2,6-BIS(SUBSTITUTED ETHYLIDENE)CYCLOHEXANONE/HYDROXYCYANINE DYES THAT ABSORB IN THE VISIBLE/NEAR-INFRARED REGIONS. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2005.11.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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