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Mahmood K, Ahmed W, Farooq S, Habib G, Sindhu MA, Asif A, Iftner T. Molecular characterization of human adenoviruses associated with pediatric respiratory infections in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:538. [PMID: 38811902 PMCID: PMC11134642 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are a diverse group of viruses associated with respiratory infections in humans worldwide. However, there is a lack of research on the genetic diversity and epidemiology of HAdVs in Pakistan. This study characterized HAdVs in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections in Karachi, Pakistan, between 2022 and 2023. We analyzed 762 nasopharyngeal samples of children ≤ 5 years. DNA extraction, followed by PCR targeting E2B and hexon genes, was carried out. Data analysis was performed on SPSS 25.0, and phylogenetic analysis of hexon gene was performed on MEGA 11. HAdV was detected in 7.34% (56/762) of patients round the year, but at a significantly higher rate during the winter season. Age was insignificantly associated with HAdV incidence (p = 0.662), but more than 62.5% (35/56) of positive cases were younger than 10 months. The circulating HAdVs were identified as six different types from species B (78.57%) and C (21.42%), with the majority of isolates found to be like B3. HAdV was found to be co-infected with bocavirus (5.4%) and measles (7.14%). These findings revealed a high frequency and genetic diversity of respiratory HAdVs in Karachi, Pakistan. We conclude that periodic and continuous surveillance of adenoviruses and other respiratory pathogens is necessary to improve the prognosis and management of respiratory diseases, thereby reducing the child mortality rate in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mahmood
- National Institute of Virology, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- National Institute of Virology, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saba Farooq
- National Institute of Virology, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Gul Habib
- Department of Microbiology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havelian, Abbottabad, 22010, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq Sindhu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Child Health, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Asif
- Department of Pediatrics, Sindh Government Children Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Thomas Iftner
- National Institute of Virology, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076, Tubingen, Germany
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Bhakta A, Thosani P, Surendran S, Kunchala A, Thergaonkar RW. Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Children Affected with Adenovirus Infection. Indian J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12098-024-05150-w. [PMID: 38739361 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05150-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Arit Bhakta
- Department of Pediatrics, 3rd Floor, MCH Block, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Thosani
- Department of Microbiology, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sajith Surendran
- Department of Pediatrics, 3rd Floor, MCH Block, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kunchala
- Department of Pediatrics, 3rd Floor, MCH Block, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - R W Thergaonkar
- Department of Pediatrics, 3rd Floor, MCH Block, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Chatterjee A, Bhattacharjee U, Gupta R, Debnath A, Majumdar A, Saha R, Chawla-Sarkar M, Chakrabarti AK, Dutta S. Genomic Expedition: Deciphering Human Adenovirus Strains from the 2023 Outbreak in West Bengal, India: Insights into Viral Evolution and Molecular Epidemiology. Viruses 2024; 16:159. [PMID: 38275969 PMCID: PMC10820069 DOI: 10.3390/v16010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic dynamics of circulating Human Adenovirus (HAdV) types is pivotal for effectively managing outbreaks and devising targeted interventions. During the West Bengal outbreak of 2022-2023, an investigation into the genetic characteristics and outbreak potential of circulating HAdV types was conducted. Twenty-four randomly selected samples underwent whole-genome sequencing. Analysis revealed a prevalent recombinant strain, merging type 3 and type 7 of human mastadenovirus B1 (HAd-B1) species, indicating the emergence of recent strains of species B in India. Furthermore, distinctions in VA-RNAs and the E3 region suggested that current circulating strains of human mastadenovirus B1 (HAd-B1) possess the capacity to evade host immunity, endure longer within hosts, and cause severe respiratory infections. This study underscores the significance of evaluating the complete genome sequence of HAdV isolates to glean insights into their outbreak potential and the severity of associated illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Chatterjee
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (A.C.); (R.G.); (A.D.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Uttaran Bhattacharjee
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (U.B.); (R.S.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Rudrak Gupta
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (A.C.); (R.G.); (A.D.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Ashis Debnath
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (A.C.); (R.G.); (A.D.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Agniva Majumdar
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (A.C.); (R.G.); (A.D.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Ritubrita Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (U.B.); (R.S.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (U.B.); (R.S.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Alok Kumar Chakrabarti
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (U.B.); (R.S.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India; (A.C.); (R.G.); (A.D.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
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Saha R, Majumdar A, Chaudhuri RD, Chatterjee A, Lo M, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular epidemiology of circulating human adenoviruses among acute respiratory infection patients seeking healthcare facilities in West Bengal, India. Virology 2023; 588:109912. [PMID: 37913611 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes acute respiratory infections leading to mortality in children. This study analyzes the circulating respiratory HAdV genotypes in West Bengal, India during 2018-2022 among symptomatic patients. The overall positivity rate was 6.8%, out of which 26.4% were co-infected with other respiratory viruses. Children aged 2 to 5 years were mostly infected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the recombinant HAdV-B type 7/3, which has remarkable outbreak potential, predominantly circulated in this region followed by the non-recombinant HAdV-B type 3/3. Moreover, the amino acid sequences encoded by both the hexon and fiber genes of these two circulating strains possessed a few mutations that mostly diverged from the prototype strain, although the divergence was less pronounced in case of the amino acids encoded by the fiber gene of HAdV-B type 3/3. Overall, the results underscore the need for continuous surveillance of respiratory HAdV types to combat future possible epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritubrita Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Agniva Majumdar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratul Datta Chaudhuri
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Chatterjee
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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