1
|
Comparative analysis of Radachlorin accumulation, localization, and photobleaching in three cell lines by means of holographic and fluorescence microscopy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102973. [PMID: 35738552 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we compare the response of cells of established lines of different origin: HeLa, A549 and 3T3 to photodynamic treatment with Radachlorin photosensitizer. The analysis was performed on different aspects of the treatment procedure including photosensitizer accumulation, localization and photobleaching in cells and post-treatment dynamics of changes in cellular morphology at different treatment doses. It was shown that in the three cell lines Radachlorin accumulated in lysosomes to much greater extent than in mitochondria. The cells' response to treatment was analyzed by identification of their death pathways and evaluation of average phase shift dynamics using digital holographic microscopy. The analysis performed on the three cell lines allowed us to evaluate treatment doses specific for each pathway in each line. Among the three lines HeLa cells were found to be the most susceptible to treatment while 3T3 cells the most resistant. The comparison of these results with the data on Radachlorin accumulation, localization and photobleaching rates showed that the observed higher sensitivity of HeLa cells to photodynamic treatment correlated with higher photosensitizer uptake and more intensive photobleaching while lower sensitivity of 3T3 cells correlated with lower uptake and less intensive photobleaching.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim D, Park S, Yoo H, Park S, Kim J, Yum K, Kim K, Kim H. Overcoming anticancer resistance by photodynamic therapy-related efflux pump deactivation and ultrasound-mediated improved drug delivery efficiency. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:30. [PMID: 32897469 PMCID: PMC7479087 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-020-00241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to successful chemotherapy is multi-drug resistance (MDR). A multi-drug resistant cancerous cell abnormally overexpresses membrane transporters that pump anticancer drugs out of the cell, resulting in low anticancer drug delivery efficiency. To overcome the limitation, many attempts have been performed to inhibit the abilities of efflux receptors chemically or genetically or to increase the delivery efficiency of anticancer drugs. However, the results have not yet been satisfactory. In this study, we developed nanoparticle-microbubble complexes (DOX-NPs/Ce6-MBs) by conjugating doxorubicin loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (DOX-NPs) onto the surface of Chlorin e6 encapsulated microbubbles (Ce6-MBs) in order to maximize anticancer efficiency by overcoming MDR. Under the ultrasound irradiation, DOX-NPs and Ce6 encapsulating self-assembled liposomes or micelles were effectively delivered into the cells due to the sonoporation effect caused by the microbubble cavitation. At the same time, reactive oxygen (ROS) generated from intracellularly delivered Ce6 by laser irradiation arrested the activity of ABCG2 efflux receptor overexpressed in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR), resulting in increased the chemotherapy efficacy. In addition, the total number of side population cells that exhibit the properties of cancer stem-like cells were also reduced by the combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. In conclusion, DOX-NPs/Ce6-MBs will provide a platform for simultaneously overcoming MDR and increasing drug delivery and therefore, treatment efficiency, under ultrasound irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongkeun Yoo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Park
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhee Yum
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
CD44v-dependent upregulation of xCT is involved in the acquisition of cisplatin-resistance in human lung cancer A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:426-432. [PMID: 30448176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used as an anti-cancer platinum agent but its therapeutic efficacy is limited by acquired drug resistance. To develop a new therapeutic strategy that could overcome this resistance, it is important to characterize CDDP-resistant cancer cells. Here we established human lung cancer A549 cell-derived low- and high-grade CDDP-resistant sublines, termed ACR4 and ACR20 cells, by stepwise increasing CDDP concentrations up to 4 and 20 μM, respectively. ACR4 and ACR20 cells showed 6- and 16-fold higher resistance to CDDP than A549 cells, respectively. Cell migration, invasion, and sphere formation were significantly decreased, whereas expression of the stem cell marker CD44v was increased in order of A549, ACR4, and ACR20 cells. The expression of the cystine-glutamate transporter xCT, which is encoded by SLC7A11, was upregulated because of the increased cell surface expression of CD44v in ACR20 cells. Treatment with the xCT inhibitor salazosulfapyridine and knockdown of SLC7A11 mRNA by a specific siRNA significantly improved sensitivity to CDDP in A549, ACR4, and ACR20 cells. Thus, our results suggest that CD44v overexpression is not involved in cancer stem cell properties but increases xCT expression, which leads to the acquisition of CDDP-resistance. This mechanism may contribute to the development of a new therapeutic strategy that can overcome resistance.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen F, Jin X, Zhao J, Gou S. DN604: A platinum(II) drug candidate with classic SAR can induce apoptosis via suppressing CK2-mediated p-cdc25C subcellular localization in cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:68-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
5
|
Ji Y, Zhao J, Chu CC. Biodegradable nanocomplex from hyaluronic acid and arginine based poly(ester amide)s as the delivery vehicles for improved photodynamic therapy of multidrug resistant tumor cells: An in vitro study of the performance of chlorin e6 photosensitizer. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1487-1499. [PMID: 27997760 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which enables the localized therapeutic effect by light irradiation, provides an alternative and complementary modality for the treatment of tumor. However, the aggregation of photosensitizers in acidic microenvironment of tumor and the non-targeted distribution of photosensitizers in normal tissues significantly affect the PDT efficiency. In this study, we developed a biodegradable nanocomplex HA-Arg-PEA from hyaluronic acid (HA) and arginine based poly(ester amide)s (Arg-PEA) as the nanocarrier for chlorin e6 (Ce6). HA enhanced the tumor-specific endocytosis mediated by the overexpression of CD44 receptor. Arg-PEA not only provide electrostatic interaction with HA to form self-assembled nanostructure, but also improve the monomerization of Ce6 at physiological pH as well as mildly acidic pH. The biodegradable characteristic of HA-Arg-PEA nanocomplex enabled the intracellular delivery of Ce6, in which its release and generation of singlet oxygen can be accelerated by enzymatic degradation of the carrier. The in vitro PDT efficiency of Ce6-loaded HA-Arg-PEA nanocomplex was examined in CD44 positive MDA-MB-435/MDR multidrug resistant melanoma cells. CD44-mediated uptake of Ce6-loaded HA-Arg-PEA nanocomplex significantly improved Ce6 level in MDA-MB-435/MDR cells within short incubation time, and the PDT efficiency in inhibiting multidrug resistant tumor cells was also enhanced at higher Ce6 concentrations. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1487-1499, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ji
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853-4401
| | - Jihui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chang Chu
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853-4401.,Biomedical Engineering Field. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853-4401
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu H, Yu N, Lu S, Ito S, Zhang X, Prasad B, He E, Lu X, Li Y, Wang F, Xu H, An G, Unadkat JD, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Sahi J. Solute Carrier Family of the Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides 1A2– Madin-Darby Canine Kidney II: A Promising In Vitro System to Understand the Role of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1A2 in Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Penetration. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1008-18. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.064170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
7
|
Horibe S, Matsuda A, Tanahashi T, Inoue J, Kawauchi S, Mizuno S, Ueno M, Takahashi K, Maeda Y, Maegouchi T, Murakami Y, Yumoto R, Nagai J, Takano M. Cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells is linked with dysregulation of cell cycle associated proteins. Life Sci 2015; 124:31-40. [PMID: 25625243 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cisplatin (CDDP) is a platinum-based drug that is widely used in cancer chemotherapy, but the development of resistance in tumor cells is a major weakness of these treatments. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain cisplatin resistance, and disruption of certain cellular pathways could modulate drug sensitivity to cisplatin. A lower level of cross-resistance to cisplatin leads to better outcomes in clinical use. MAIN METHODS Cross-resistance was assessed using cisplatin resistant lung cancer cell line A549/CDDP. Cell cycle analysis was used to examine the effect of cisplatin on cell signaling pathways regulating G2/M transition in cisplatin resistant cells. KEY FINDINGS A549/CDDP cells exhibited cross-resistance to carboplatin, but not oxaliplatin, which is often found in platinum analogues. Flow cytometry showed that nocodazole treatment caused a G2/M block in both A549/CDDP cells and cisplatin susceptible cells. However, A549/CDDP cells escaped the G2/M block following exposure to cisplatin. Activation of the Cdc2/CyclinB complex is required for transition from G2 to M phase, and the inactive form of phosphorylated Cdc2 is activated by Cdc25C dephosphorylation of Tyr15. In the cisplatin-treated susceptible cells, the levels of phosphorylated Cdc2 and Cdc25C were markedly decreased, leading to a loss of Cdc2 activity and G2/M arrest. In A549/CDDP cells, however, Cdc2 activity was supported by the expression of Cdc2 and Cdc25C after the addition of cisplatin, which resulted in G2/M progression. SIGNIFICANCE The resistance phenotype of G2/M progression has been correlated with dysregulation of Cdc2 in a human lung cancer cell line selected for cisplatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Horibe
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Toshihito Tanahashi
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shoji Kawauchi
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shigeto Mizuno
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Kyohei Takahashi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Yusaku Maeda
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Maegouchi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Junya Nagai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihisa Takano
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee HM, Chung CW, Kim CH, Kim DH, Kwak TW, Jeong YI, Kang DH. Defensive mechanism in cholangiocarcinoma cells against oxidative stress induced by chlorin e6-based photodynamic therapy. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1451-62. [PMID: 25258513 PMCID: PMC4174044 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s62265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of chlorin e6-based photodynamic therapy (Ce6-PDT) was investigated in human intrahepatic (HuCC-T1) and extrahepatic (SNU1196) cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells. The amount of intracellular Ce6 increased with increasing Ce6 concentration administered, or with incubation time, in both cell lines. The ability to take up Ce6 and generate reactive oxygen species after irradiation at 1.0 J/cm2 did not significantly differ between the two CCA cell types. However, after irradiation, marked differences were observed for photodamage and apoptotic/necrotic signals. HuCC-T1 cells are more sensitive to Ce6-PDT than SNU1196 cells. Total glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in SNU1196 cells were significantly higher than in HuCC-T1 cells. With inhibition of enzyme activity or addition of GSH, the phototoxic effect could be controlled in CCA cells. The intracellular level of GSH is the most important determining factor in the curative action of Ce6-PDT against tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Myeong Lee
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Wook Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Cy Hyun Kim
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea ; School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyung Kim
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea ; School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kwak
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Jeong
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kang
- National Research and Development Center for Hepatobiliary Cancer, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Republic of Korea ; School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Photoinactivation of In Situ Oral Biofilms by Visible Light plus Water-Filtered Infrared A. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:7324-36. [PMID: 25239897 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02490-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has gained increased attention as an alternative treatment approach in various medical fields. However, the effect of APDT using visible light plus water-filtered infrared A (VIS + wIRA) on oral biofilms remains unexplored. For this purpose, initial and mature oral biofilms were obtained in situ; six healthy subjects wore individual upper jaw acrylic devices with bovine enamel slabs attached to their proximal sites for 2 h or 3 days. The biofilms were incubated with 100 μg ml(-1) toluidine blue O (TB) or chlorin e6 (Ce6) and irradiated with VIS + wIRA with an energy density of 200 mW cm(-2) for 5 min. After cultivation, the CFU of half of the treated biofilm samples were quantified, whereas following live/dead staining, the other half of the samples were monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). TB- and Ce6-mediated APDT yielded a significant decrease of up to 3.8 and 5.7 log10 CFU for initial and mature oral biofilms, respectively. Quantification of the stained photoinactivated microorganisms confirmed these results. Overall, CLSM revealed the diffusion of the tested photosensitizers into the deepest biofilm layers after exposure to APDT. In particular, Ce6-aided APDT presented elevated permeability and higher effectiveness in eradicating 89.62% of biofilm bacteria compared to TB-aided APDT (82.25%) after 3 days. In conclusion, antimicrobial photoinactivation using VIS + wIRA proved highly potent in eradicating oral biofilms. Since APDT excludes the development of microbial resistance, it could supplement the pharmaceutical treatment of periodontitis or peri-implantitis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Novel amphiphilic cationic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex as potential anticancer agents. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:94-103. [PMID: 25086237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we have synthesized a novel amphiphilic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex through modification of water-soluble porphyrinic structure in order to increase its lipophilicity and in turn pharmacological potency. New cationic non-symmetrical meso-substituted porphyrins were characterized by UV-visible, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), (1)H NMR techniques, lipophilicity (thin-layer chromatographic retention factor, Rf), and elemental analysis. The key toxicological profile (i.e. cytotoxicity and cell line- (cancer type-) specificity; genotoxicity; cell cycle effects) of amphiphilic Ag porphyrin was studied in human normal and cancer cell lines of various tissue origins and compared with its water-soluble analog. Structural modification of the molecule from water-soluble to amphiphilic resulted in a certain increase in the cytotoxicity and a decrease in cell line-specificity. Importantly, Ag(II) porphyrin showed less toxicity to normal cells and greater toxicity to their cancerous counterparts as compared to cisplatin. The amphiphilic complex was also not genotoxic and demonstrated a slight cytostatic effect via the cell cycle delay due to the prolongation of S-phase. As expected, the performed structural modification affected also the photocytotoxic activity of metal-free amphiphilic porphyrin. The ligand tested on cancer cell line revealed a dramatic (more than 70-fold) amplification of its phototoxic activity as compared to its water-soluble tetracationic metal-free analog. The compound combines low dark cytotoxicity with 5 fold stronger phototoxicity relative to Chlorin e6 and could be considered as a potential photosensitizer for further development in photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
|