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Figueiredo PS, Candido CJ, Jaques JA, Nunes ÂA, Caires AR, Michels FS, Almeida JA, Filiú WF, Hiane PA, Nascimento VA, Franco OL, Guimarães RC. Oxidative stability of sesame and flaxseed oils and their effects on morphometric and biochemical parameters in an animal model. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3359-3364. [PMID: 27990659 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sesame and flaxseed oils, which are rich in essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, are widely consumed. We have determined the optical behavior with respect to the quality and identity of cold-pressed sesame and flaxseed oils. The effects of these oils and their combinations on metabolic parameters in animal models were also measured. RESULTS Flaxseed oil emitted carotenoid fluorescence (500-650 nm), although it was more unstable than sesame oil, which had a larger induction period by the Rancimat method. The greater stability of sesame may be a result of the lower quantity of linolenic fatty acids. These oils were added to the feed of 56 rats, whereas animal fat was used for the control group. The sesame oil, flaxseed oil and sesame + flaxseed oils groups showed a significantly reduced adiposity index and blood glucose compared to the control group, whereas total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides were lower in flaxseed oil and sesame + flaxseed oils (P < 0.05). Sesame + flaxseed oils had reduced levels of low-density lipoprotein and non-high-density lipoprotein (P < 0.05), indicating an anti-atherogenic effect in this group. CONCLUSION Sesame oil was more stable than flaxseed oil. In an animal model, the diets with polyunsaturated fat sources proportions of 1:1 n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, improved the metabolic parameters, implying cardioprotective effects. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila S Figueiredo
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Development in the Mid-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Camila J Candido
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Development in the Mid-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Jeandre As Jaques
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ângela A Nunes
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rl Caires
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Jeeser A Almeida
- Physical Education course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Catholic University Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Wander Fo Filiú
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Priscila A Hiane
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Development in the Mid-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Valter A Nascimento
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Development in the Mid-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Octavio L Franco
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Catholic University Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Rita Ca Guimarães
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Development in the Mid-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Lee HJ, Jung H, Cho H, Lee K, Kwak HK, Hwang KT. Dietary Black Raspberry Seed Oil Ameliorates Inflammatory Activities in db/db Mice. Lipids 2016; 51:715-27. [PMID: 27165261 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of the markers related to inflammation in db/db mice fed black raspberry seed (BRS) oil, which is rich in α-linolenic acid. Mice were divided into four groups: (1) C57BL/6 mice fed 16 % calories from soybean oil (normal CON); (2) C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice fed 16 % calories from soybean oil (CON); (3) C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice fed 8 % calories from soybean and 8 % calories from BRS oil (BRS 50 %); and (4) C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice fed 16 % calories from BRS oil (BRS 100 %). After 10 weeks, n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratios were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the livers and epididymal adipose tissues of the BRS 50 % and BRS 100 % mice than in the CON. Serum TNFα and IL-6 were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the BRS 50 % and BRS 100 % than in the CON. Serum IL-10 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the BRS 100 % than the CON. In the liver and epididymal adipose tissue, mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory markers in the BRS 50 % and BRS 100 % were lower than in the CON. Anti-inflammatory markers were higher in the epididymal adipose tissues of the BRS 50 % and BRS 100 % than in the CON. In the epididymal adipose tissue, macrophage infiltration markers (F4/80 and CD68) and leptin mRNA were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the BRS 50 % and BRS 100 % than in the CON. Results of this study suggest that BRS oil may have anti-inflammatory effects in obese diabetic mice by ameliorating inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition (Bldg. 222, Rm 508), and Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hana Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition (Bldg. 222, Rm 508), and Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Department of Home Economics, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 03087, Korea
| | - Hyunnho Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition (Bldg. 222, Rm 508), and Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kiuk Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition (Bldg. 222, Rm 508), and Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ho-Kyung Kwak
- Department of Home Economics, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 03087, Korea
| | - Keum Taek Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition (Bldg. 222, Rm 508), and Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Corsi L, Dongmo BM, Avallone R. Supplementation of omega 3 fatty acids improves oxidative stress in activated BV2 microglial cell line. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:293-9. [PMID: 25582176 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.986073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many reports have shown promising beneficial effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (L-PUFAs) of the omega 3 series in several brain diseases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that omega 3 fatty acids supplement reduced pro-inflammatory functions in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that a supplement rich in PUFAs (SRP) increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner suggesting its protective role against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell death in BV2 microglial cell line. In the same cultures, the supplement rich in PUFAs reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. A most prominent target for ROS management is the family of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). The co-treatment with SRP and LPS increased significantly the nuclear immunoreactivity of PPAR-γwhen compared the LPS treatment alone. Moreover, the chronic administration of the SRP in rats, increased the immunoreactivity of the PPAR-γ1 protein confirming its potential neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Corsi
- Department of Life Sciences, Modena and Reggio Emilia University , Modena , Italy
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