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Xie L, Liu M, Zeng H, Zheng Z, Ye Y, Liu F. Effects of purple cabbage anthocyanin extract on the gluten characteristics and the gluten network evolution of high-gluten dough. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38779957 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins are polyphenolic pigments that have hypoglycemic, antioxidation, anti-aging, and other effects. Research has shown that polyphenols can optimize the processing of dough and improve the texture and nutritional characteristics of dough products. The formation of gluten networks is decisive for the quality of flour products. The effects of purple cabbage anthocyanin (PCA) extract on the structure, microscopic morphology, and network formation of gluten protein were studied, and the types of cross-linking between PCA and gluten protein are discussed. RESULTS The results show that PCA extract increased the free sulfhydryl (SH) group content and the free amino group of gluten proteins, stimulated an increase in the β-sheet ratio and the decrease of α-helix ratio, and increased the gluten index significantly (P < 0.05). The PCA extract also induced gluten protein aggregation, increased the height of protein molecular chains, and stimulated the formation of gluten networks. When PCA extract concentrations were 4 g kg-1 and 8 g kg-1, the gluten network was more homogeneous, continuous, and dense. CONCLUSION Appropriate anthocyanins have a positive effect on the properties of gluten and promote the formation of gluten networks. Excessive anthocyanins destroy gluten protein interaction and harm gluten cross-linking. This study may provide a useful source of data for the production of functional flour products rich in anthocyanins. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Minglong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Huawei Zeng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yongkang Ye
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Fengru Liu
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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2
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Gao Y, Lian W, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Liu L, Zhu X. Mechanism of l-cysteine-induced fibrous structural changes of soybean protein at different high-moisture extrusion zones. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131621. [PMID: 38631588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the fibrous structure formation mechanism of soybean protein during high moisture extrusion processing was investigated using a dead-stop operation, and based on the interaction between soybean protein concentrate (SPC) and L-cysteine (CYS). The thermal properties, SDS-PAGE and particle size distribution of the samples from different extrusion zones were investigated. It was revealed that the addition of a moderate amount of CYS (0.1 %) promoted the fibrous structure formation in the SPC extrudates and optimised the textural properties of the SPC extrudates. In the extruder barrel, addition of CYS (0.1 %) promoted protein depolymerisation and unfolding in the mixing and cooking zones, and facilitated protein aggregation in the die and cooling zones. Protein solubility and raman spectroscopy revealed that disulfide bonds were principally responsible for fibrous structure formation; favoured when the intermolecular disulfide bonds (t-g-t mode) was increased. Finally, the transformation of protein conformation was revealed by secondary structure and surface hydrophobicity, which confirmed that the effect of CYS on protein conformation mainly occurred in the cooling zone. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of CYS to regulate the fibrous structure of meat analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Wentao Lian
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Haojia Zhang
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuyang Huang
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhu
- College of Food Engineering of Harbin University of Commerce, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Grain Resource of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150076, China.
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3
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Hong JP, Yoo BG, Song HY, Byun EB, Ryu GH, Byun EH. Immunostimulatory potential of extruded plant-based meat: effect of extrusion moisture level on macrophage activation. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1459-1466. [PMID: 38585568 PMCID: PMC10992094 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of different moisture levels in extruded plant-based meat on macrophage immunostimulation, and the potential of this meat as a protein source and a solution to environmental and economic challenges associated with conventional meat was investigated. To determine the effects of the extruded plant-based meat, cell viability assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting were performed. Low-moisture (LMME) and high-moisture meat extracts (HMME) showed higher potential to activate macrophages and regulate cytokine production than raw material extract. Treatment with LMME and HMME resulted in increased expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC class I/II proteins, indicating their potential to activate macrophages. Western blotting suggested that the immune activation observed in a previous study of macrophages was because of the phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB. These findings suggest that extruded plant-based meat can potentially be used as an immunostimulatory food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Pyo Hong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Gyeong Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hyung Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
- Food Science Research Institute, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Hong Byun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
- Food Science Research Institute, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439 Republic of Korea
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4
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Woo Choi H, Choi M, Hahn J, Jin Choi Y. The technical potential of a sous-vide processing method for developing high-moisture textured soy protein. Food Chem 2024; 430:136978. [PMID: 37507242 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the potential of sous-vide processing as a novel technique for transforming low-moisture textured soy protein (TSP) into a product with high moisture content and texture comparable to meat. We hypothesized that the sous-vide treatment would enable precise control of the TSP microstructure. In the ensuing process, the TSP maintained the moisture content at approximately 70% and changed color towards darker tones. Additionally, the porous microstructure changed, transitioning from a large to a smaller air layer. As the treatment continued, both the hardness and texturization index of the TSP were reduced. Furthermore, the secondary structure of the protein exhibited an increase in β-sheet and α-helix structures, indicating enhanced hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bonds. Optimally, a sample with 24 h at 90℃ displayed textural characteristics similar to chicken breast. The investigation underlines the sous-vide method as a revolutionary technique yielding high-moisture content and improved texture for TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Minji Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hahn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, 33 Samyang-ro 144-gil, Dobonggu, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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5
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Kuang J, Xu K, Dang B, Zheng W, Yang X, Zhang W, Zhang J, Huang J. Interaction with wheat starch affect the aggregation behavior and digestibility of gluten proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127066. [PMID: 37748592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between gluten and wheat starch is crucial for elucidating the digestibility mechanism of gluten in wheat-based products. However, this mechanism remains under-investigated. This study sought to elucidate the influence of starch-induced protein structural modifications on gluten digestion. Our findings revealed that starch considerably enhanced gluten digestion. In the presence of starch, gluten protein digestibility increased from 10.91 % (in the control group with a gluten-to-starch ratio of 1:0) to 14.40 % (in the complex with a gluten-to-corn starch ratio of 1:1). The diminished gluten protein digestibility due to starch may be ascribed to modifications in protein configuration and aggregation behavior. Morphological studies suggested that starch not only functioned as filler particles but also diluted the gluten matrix. A protein network assessment further affirmed that both the junction density and branching rate of gluten proteins decreased notably by 29.9 % and 25.1 %, respectively. Conversely, lacunarity increased by 1.92-fold, compromising the cohesiveness and connectivity of the gluten matrix. Elevated starch concentrations suppressed the formation of disulfide bonds, impeding gluten protein aggregation. Concurrently, gluten-starch interactions were governed by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic associations. In summary, starch augmented gluten protein digestibility by curtailing their polymerization. This revelation might offer novel perspectives on optimizing gluten protein digestion and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Kuang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
| | - Ke Xu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | - Bin Dang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
| | - Wancai Zheng
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
| | - Xijuan Yang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China.
| | - Wengang Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810016, China; Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
| | - Junrong Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710021, China.
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6
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Zhang T, Yu S, Pan Y, Li H, Liu X, Cao J. Properties of texturized protein and performance of different protein sources in the extrusion process: A review. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113588. [PMID: 37986454 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The need for protein is increasing due to the rapid growth of the global population. However, conventional animal meat production has caused severe environmental, land usage, and other issues. Meat substitutes can provide consumers with a high-quality alternative to protein. Texturized protein (TP) is a critical ingredient in meat substitutes and is mainly obtained through extrusion processing. Therefore, this review first discussed the essential physical properties of TP, including appearance and structure, water-holding capacity (WHC) and oil-holding capacity (OHC), texture, and sensory properties. The performance of plant and novel source proteins in extrusion processing is also summarized. The properties of the desired TP should be considered first before extrusion processing. Under different extrusion parameters, proteins from the same source can exhibit varying properties. Although the novel source proteins can adversely affect TP quality, their high yield and environmental protection are worthy of further study. This paper aims to review the impact of proteins from different sources on the properties of TP during the extrusion process and discuss practical research methods for TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Shengjuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Yihao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100000, China; National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Jinnuo Cao
- Puluting (Hebei) Protein Biotechnology Research Limited Company, Handan 056000, China.
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7
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Ye L, Zheng W, Li X, Han W, Shen J, Lin Q, Hou L, Liao L, Zeng X. The Role of Gluten in Food Products and Dietary Restriction: Exploring the Potential for Restoring Immune Tolerance. Foods 2023; 12:4179. [PMID: 38002235 PMCID: PMC10670377 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is extensively utilized in various processed foods due to unique proteins forming from the gluten network. The gluten network in food undergoes morphological and molecular structural changes during food processing, affecting the final quality and digestibility of the food. The present review introduces the formation of the gluten network and the role of gluten in the key steps of the production of several typical food products such as bread, pasta, and beer. Also, it summarizes the factors that affect the digestibility of gluten, considering that different processing conditions probably affect its structure and properties, contributing to an in-depth understanding of the digestion of gluten by the human body under various circumstances. Nevertheless, consumption of gluten protein may lead to the development of celiac disease (CD). The best way is theoretically proposed to prevent and treat CD by the inducement of oral tolerance, an immune non-response system formed by the interaction of oral food antigens with the intestinal immune system. This review proposes the restoration of oral tolerance in CD patients through adjunctive dietary therapy via gluten-encapsulated/modified dietary polyphenols. It will reduce the dietary restriction of gluten and help patients achieve a comprehensive dietary intake by better understanding the interactions between gluten and food-derived active products like polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ye
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenyu Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xue Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenmin Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jialing Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Qiuya Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Liyan Hou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Lan Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xin’an Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (L.Y.); (W.Z.); (X.L.); (W.H.); (J.S.); (Q.L.); (L.H.)
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Effects of three glutenins extracted in acidic, neutral and alkaline urea solutions on the retrogradation of wheat amylose and amylopectin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123576. [PMID: 36764342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Three glutenins (glutenin 1, glutenin 2, and glutenin 2) were extracted in acidic, neutral and alkaline urea solutions respectively. All of the three glutenins are rich in glutamic acid (Glu, >30 %) and proline (Pro, >20 %). Glutenin 1, extracted at pH 5, shows higher contents of hydrophilic amino acids as serine (Ser, 5.25 %), aspartic acid (Asp, 2.99 %), tyrosine (Tyr, 3.11 %), arginine (Arg, 2.09 %) and threonine (Thr, 2.11 %) than the other two glutenins. The retrogradation of three glutenins with amylose/amylopectin indicated that glutenin 1 showed significant inhibition effect on the retrogradation of wheat amylose. The characterizations of amylose retrograded with glutenin 1 by FT-IR, XRD, DSC and solid 13C NMR showed that new hydrogen bonds between Glu, Tyr and wheat amylose were formed, which prevented the formation of hydrogen bonds between amylose themselves. Glycosidic bonds between some hydroxyl groups of C6 in wheat amylose and certain hydroxyl groups of Ser and Thr in glutenin with specific chain length were present. The macromolecules with steric hindrance prevented the rearrangement of amylose into regular crystals. The retrogradation of wheat amylose was inhibited in this way. This study provides a key targeting step to control the retrogradation of amylose.
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Zhang J, Li T, Chen Q, Liu H, Kaplan DL, Wang Q. Application of transglutaminase modifications for improving protein fibrous structures from different sources by high-moisture extruding. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112623. [PMID: 36914358 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteins can be extruded under high moisture content (above 40 %) to form meat-like fibrous structures, which is the basis for meat-like substitute products. However, the proteins' extrudability from various sources remain challenging in terms of generating fibrous structures under combinations of high-moisture extrusion with transglutaminase (TGase) modifications. In this study, proteins from soy (soy protein isolate, SPI, and soy protein concentrate, SPC), pea (pea protein isolate, PPI), peanut (peanut protein powder, PPP), wheat (wheat gluten, WG), and rice (rice protein isolate, RPI) were texturized using high-moisture extrusion combined with transglutaminase (TGase) modifications to enact changes in protein structure and extrusion capabilities. The results showed that soy proteins (SPI or SPC) responsed to torque, die pressure and temperature during extrusion, and this phenomenon was more pronounced at a higher protein content (SPI). In contrast, rice protein exhibited poor extrudability, leading to large losses of thermomechanical energy. TGase significantly affects the orientation of protein fibrous structures along the extrusion direction by impacting the rate of protein gelation during the high-moisture extrusion process, with the impact mainly occurring in the cooling die. Globulins (mainly 11S) played a major role in forming fibrous structures and the aggregation of globulins or reduction of gliadins under TGase modification impacted the orientation of the fibrous structure along the extrusion direction. Some thermomechanical treatment during high-moisture extrusion results in protein conversion from compact structure into more extended or stretched state, and the increase of random coil structures for proteins derived from wheat and rice would lead to these looser structures in the extrudates. Thus, TGase can be combined with high-moisture extrusion to regulate the formation of plant protein fibrous structures, dependent on the specific protein source and content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuang Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tongqing Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiongling Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haodong Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford 02155 Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
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10
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Yu X, Wang L, Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang K, Duan Y, Xiao Z, Wang P. Understanding effects of glutelin on physicochemical and structural properties of extruded starch and the underlying mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120513. [PMID: 36641194 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work studied effects of different amounts of rice glutelin (RG) on physicochemical and structural properties of extruded rice starch (ERS) and explored the underlying mechanism of interaction between rice starch and RG upon extrusion processing. The results showed that the addition of RG altered the pasting properties, improved the viscoelastic, and increased the water mobility of ERS. The weight loss of ERS decreased from 71.40 % to 62.61 %, while the degradation temperature increased from 290.48 °C to 296.25 °C as the RG content increased from 0 % to 12 %. The complex index of extruded starch-glutelin complexes significantly elevated from 10.40 % to 35.81 % when RG content increased from 6 % to 12 %. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed that RG interacted with starch via Maillard reactions, and the binding strength between RG and starch was enhanced at a higher RG content. Furthermore, results of rheological property and chemical interactions demonstrated that hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interaction were formed between RG and starch during extrusion. In summary, the obtained results of this study can further enrich the theory of starch-protein interactions and show the possibility of RG applied in the extruded starchy foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Yu
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China; College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Lishuang Wang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China; College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China; College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Yumin Duan
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Zhigang Xiao
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China; College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China.
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China; College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, PR China; School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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11
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Opaluwa C, Lott T, Karbstein HP, Emin MA. Encapsulation of oil in the high moisture extrusion of wheat gluten: Interrelation between process parameters, matrix viscosity and oil droplet size. FUTURE FOODS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2023.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
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12
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Impact of interactions between soy and pea proteins on quality characteristics of high-moisture meat analogues prepared via extrusion cooking process. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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13
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Interaction of starch with some food macromolecules during the extrusion process and its effect on modulating physicochemical and digestible properties. A review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
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14
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Zhang F, Yang B, Zhang M, Qi J, Xu X, Xiong G. Influence of sodium bicarbonate and moisture content on physicochemical properties of chicken-based extrudate by twin-screw extruder. Food Chem 2023; 402:134313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Development of a novel technology for high-moisture textured soy protein using a vacuum packaging and pressurized heat (vacuum-autoclaving) treatment. Food Chem 2023; 399:133887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Dai HH, An HZ, Ma YX, Guo YT, Du Y, Zhu XQ, Luo Q. Effects of lysine on the physiochemical properties of plant-protein high-moisture extrudates. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Li X, Zhang T, An Y, Yin T, Xiong S, Rong H. Physicochemical Characteristics and Flavor Properties of Texturized Dual-Proteins Extrudates: Effect of Surimi to Soybean Flour Ratio. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223640. [PMID: 36429230 PMCID: PMC9689315 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of surimi to soybean flour ratio (0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6) on the physicochemical characteristics and flavor properties of dual-proteins extrudates. The increasing ratio of surimi improved the color of extrudates and raised the apparent viscosity of the mixed raw materials, which led to the decrease of extrudates' thickness. The excess ratio of surimi and soybean flour (more than 2:8) was bad for extrudates' physicochemical characteristics with sharply decreased tensile strength, macroscopic longitudinal fracture, broken and unevenly distributed microstructure, increased water mobility and decreased free water content. However, the increasing ratio of surimi had no effect on the protein secondary structure of extrudates. Sensory evaluation, E-tongue and E-nose analysis suggested that adding surimi significantly changed the flavor properties of extrudates, with increased sweetness and umami taste, and an appropriate ratio (2:8 or 3:7) could reduce the beany flavor and without an obvious fishy off-flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tonghao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yueqi An
- College of Food Science and Technology, National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology, National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shanbai Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology, National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Hongshan Rong
- Tianmen Jifude Bean Products Co., Ltd., Tianmen 431700, China
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18
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Wang F, Gu X, Lü M, Huang Y, Zhu Y, Sun Y, Zhu X. Structural Analysis and Study of Gel Properties of Thermally-Induced Soybean Isolate-Potato Protein Gel System. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223562. [PMID: 36429154 PMCID: PMC9689681 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-induced composite gel systems consisting of different soybean protein isolate (SPI) and potato protein (PP) mixtures were studied to elucidate their "backbone" and property changes. This was achieved by comparing the ratio of non-network proteins, protein subunit composition, and aggregation of different gel samples. It was revealed that SPI was the "gel network backbone" and PP played the role of "filler" in the SPI-PP composite gel system. Compared with the composite gels at the same ratio, springiness and WHC decrease with PP addition. For hardness, PP addition showed a less linear trend. At the SPI-PP = 2/1 composite gel, hardness was more than doubled, while springiness and WHC did not decrease too much and increased the inter-protein binding. The hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding of the SPI gel system were enhanced. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that the SPI-based gel system was able to form a more compact and compatible gel network. This study demonstrates the use of PP as a potential filler that can effectively improve the gelling properties of SPI, thus providing a theoretical basis for the study of functional plant protein foods.
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19
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Insights into the interaction mechanism of glutelin and rice starch during extrusion processing: The role of specific mechanical energy. Food Chem 2022; 405:134850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Wang YR, Wang SL, Luo RM. Evaluation of key aroma compounds and protein secondary structure in the roasted Tan mutton during the traditional charcoal process. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1003126. [PMID: 36330139 PMCID: PMC9622931 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1003126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional charcoal technique was used to determine the changes in the key aroma compounds of Tan mutton during the roasting process. The results showed that the samples at the different roasting time were distinguished using GC-MS in combination with PLS-DA. A total of 26 volatile compounds were identified, among which 14 compounds, including (E)-2-octenal, 1-heptanol, hexanal, 1-hexanol, heptanal, 1-octen-3-ol, 1-pentanol, (E)-2-nonenal, octanal, 2-undecenal, nonanal, pentanal, 2-pentylfuran and 2-methypyrazine, were confirmed as key aroma compounds through the odor activity values (OAV) and aroma recombination experiments. The OAV and contribution rate of the 14 key aroma compounds were maintained at high levels, and nonanal had the highest OAV (322.34) and contribution rate (27.74%) in the samples after roasting for 10 min. The content of α-helix significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the β-sheet content significantly increased (P < 0.05) during the roasting process. The content of random coils significantly increased in the samples roasted for 0-8 min (P < 0.05), and then no obvious change was observed. At the same time, β-turn content had no obvious change. Correlation analysis showed that the 14 key aroma compounds were all positively correlated with the content of α-helix and negatively correlated with the contents of β-sheet and random coil, and also positively correlated with the content of β-turn, except hexanal and 2-methypyrazine. The results are helpful to promoting the industrialization of roasted Tan mutton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Rui Wang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Song-Lei Wang
- College of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rui-Ming Luo
- College of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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21
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Zou X, Wang X, Zhang M, Peng P, Ma Q, Hu X. Pre-baking-steaming of oat induces stronger macromolecular interactions and more resistant starch in oat-buckwheat noodle. Food Chem 2022; 400:134045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Sun D, Wu M, Zhou C, Wang B. Transformation of high moisture extrusion on pea protein isolate in melting zone during: From the aspects of the rheological property, physicochemical attributes and modification mechanism. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Li X, Guillermic R, Nadimi M, Paliwal J, Koksel F. Physical and microstructural quality of extruded snacks made from blends of barley and green lentil flours. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
| | - Reine‐Marie Guillermic
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
| | - Mohammad Nadimi
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
| | - Jitendra Paliwal
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
| | - Filiz Koksel
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
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24
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Lyu B, Li J, Meng X, Fu H, Wang W, Ji L, Wang Y, Guo Z, Yu H. The Protein Composition Changed the Quality Characteristics of Plant-Based Meat Analogues Produced by a Single-Screw Extruder: Four Main Soybean Varieties in China as Representatives. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081112. [PMID: 35454698 PMCID: PMC9032996 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based meat analogues (PBMs) are increasingly interesting to customers because of their meat-like quality and contribution to a healthy diet. The single-screw extruder is an important method for processing PBMs, and the characteristics of the product are directly affected by the composition of the raw materials; however, little research focuses on this issue. To explore the effect of protein composition on the quality characteristics of PBMs produced by a single-screw extruder, four soybean varieties used in China (Heihe 43 (HH 43), Jiyu 86 (JY 86), Suinong 52 (SN 52), and Shengfeng 5 (SF 5)) were selected. The 11S/7S ratios for these varieties ranged from 1.0: 1 to 2.5: 1 in order to produce PBMs with different protein compositions. The structure, processing, nutrition, and flavor characteristics were explored to analyze their differences. The results showed that protein composition affected the structure of PBMs, but the correlation was not significant. Meanwhile, a lower 11S/7S ratio (HH 43) did not prove to be a favorable characteristic for the processing of PBMs. From the perspective of nutrition and flavor, it seems acceptable to use a moderate 11S/7S ratio (JY 86 and SN 43) to produce PBMs. This study proved that the protein composition of raw materials affects the characteristics of PBM products produced by a single-screw extruder. To produce PBMs of higher quality, soybeans with a markedly different 11S/7S ratio should not be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lyu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Xiangze Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Hongling Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
- Jilin Provincial Agricultural Products Processing Industry Promotion Center, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lei Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Zengwang Guo
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.G.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hansong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (B.L.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (H.F.); (L.J.); (Y.W.)
- Division of Soybean Processing, Soybean Research & Development Center, Chinese Agricultural Research System, Changchun 130118, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.G.); (H.Y.)
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25
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Peng J, Zhu KX, Guo XN, Zhou HM. Egg white protein addition induces protein aggregation and fibrous structure formation of textured wheat gluten. Food Chem 2022; 371:131102. [PMID: 34537616 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of egg white protein addition on the fibrous structure and protein aggregation of textured wheat gluten (TWG) extrudates was investigated. The hardness, springiness, chewiness, and degree of texturization of TWG significantly increased with the addition of egg white protein. Analysis of morphological characteristics showed a positive effect of egg white protein on the formation of the fibrous structure of TWG. The results of size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) indicated that the egg white protein improved the degree of wheat gluten aggregation, and the analysis of the protein intermolecular forces proved that disulfide bonds were the main contributor to the cross-linking of protein. In addition, an increase in the β-sheets also indicated an increase in protein aggregation induced by egg white protein. The addition of egg white protein promoted protein interactions and improved the fibrous structure of TWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ke-Xue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui-Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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26
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Dynamic behaviors of protein and starch and interactions associated with glutenin composition in wheat dough matrices during sequential thermo-mechanical treatments. Food Res Int 2022; 154:110986. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Xia S, Xue Y, Xue C, Jiang X, Li J. Structural and rheological properties of meat analogues from Haematococcus pluvialis residue-pea protein by high moisture extrusion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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MANZOOR MF, SHABBIR U, GILANI SM, SAMEEN A, AHMAD N, SIDDIQUE R, AHMED Z, QAYYUM A, REHMAN A. Characterization of bioactive fatty acids and oxidative stability of microwave vacuum dried fish powder supplemented extruded product. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.22720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Chen D, Jones OG, Campanella OH. Plant protein-based fibers: Fabrication, characterization, and potential food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-25. [PMID: 34904477 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2004991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteins from plants have been considered as safer, healthier, and more sustainable resources than their animal counterparts. However, incomplete amino acid composition and relatively poor functionality limit their applications in foods. Structuring plant proteins to fibrous architectures enhances their physicochemical properties, which can favor various food applications. This review primarily focuses on fabrication of fibers from plant proteins via self-assembly, electrospinning, solution blow spinning, wet spinning, and high-temperature shear, as well as on several applications where such fibrous proteins assemble in quality foods. The changes of protein structure and protein-protein interactions during fiber production are discussed in detail, along with the effects of fabrication conditions and protein sources on the morphology and function of the fibers. Self-assembly requires proteolysis and subsequent peptide aggregation under specific conditions, which can be influenced by pH, salt and protein type. The spinning strategy is more scalable and produces uniformed fibers with larger length scales suitable for encapsulation, food packaging and sensor substrates. Significant progress has been made on high-temperature shear (including extrusion)-induced fibers responsible for desirable texture in meat analogues. Structuring plant proteins adds values for broadened food applications, but it remains challenging to keep processes cost-effective and environmentally friendly using food grade solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Owen Griffith Jones
- Whistler Centre for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Osvaldo H Campanella
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Whistler Centre for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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30
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Bühler JM, Schlangen M, Möller AC, Bruins ME, van der Goot AJ. Starch in Plant‐Based Meat Replacers: A New Approach to Using Endogenous Starch from Cereals and Legumes. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Bühler
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
- Food Process Engineering Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
| | - Miek Schlangen
- Food Process Engineering Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
| | - Anna C. Möller
- Food Process Engineering Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E. Bruins
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
| | - Atze Jan van der Goot
- Food Process Engineering Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 Wageningen 6708 WG The Netherlands
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31
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32
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Immonen M, Chandrakusuma A, Sibakov J, Poikelispää M, Sontag-Strohm T. Texturization of a Blend of Pea and Destarched Oat Protein Using High-Moisture Extrusion. Foods 2021; 10:1517. [PMID: 34359387 PMCID: PMC8304661 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Grain protein fractions have great potential as ingredients that contain high amounts of valuable nutritional components. The aim of this study was to study the rheological behavior of destarched oat and pea proteins and their blends in extrusion-like conditions with a closed cavity rheometer. Additionally, the possibility of producing fibrous structures with high-moisture extrusion from a blend of destarched oat and pea protein was investigated. In the temperature sweep measurement (60-160 °C) of the destarched oat protein concentrate and pea protein isolate blend, three denaturation and polymerization sections were observed. In addition, polymerization as a function of time was recorded in the time sweep measurements. The melting temperature of grain proteins was an important factor when producing texturized structures with a high-moisture extrusion. The formation of fibrillar structures was investigated with high-moisture extrusion from the destarched oat and pea protein blend at temperatures ranging from 140 to 170 °C. The protein-protein interactions were significantly influenced in the extruded samples. This was due to a decrease in the amount of extractable protein in selective buffers. In particular, there was a decrease in non-covalent and covalent bonds due to the formation of insoluble protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Immonen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
- Valio Ltd., P.O. Box 10, FI-00039 Helsinki, Finland;
| | | | - Juhani Sibakov
- Fazer Bakery Finland, P.O. Box 17, FI-00941 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Minna Poikelispää
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 689, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Tuula Sontag-Strohm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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33
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Peng J, Zhu K, Guo X, Peng W, Chen Y, Li Q, Zhou H. NaCl mediated physicochemical and structural changes of textured wheat gluten. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Functionality of Ingredients and Additives in Plant-Based Meat Analogues. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030600. [PMID: 33809143 PMCID: PMC7999387 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat analogue research and development focuses on the production of sustainable products that recreate conventional meat in its physical sensations (texture, appearance, taste, etc.) and nutritional aspects. Minced products, like burger patties and nuggets, muscle-type products, like chicken or steak-like cuts, and emulsion products, like Frankfurter and Mortadella type sausages, are the major categories of meat analogues. In this review, we discuss key ingredients for the production of these novel products, with special focus on protein sources, and underline the importance of ingredient functionality. Our observation is that structuring processes are optimized based on ingredients that were not originally designed for meat analogues applications. Therefore, mixing and blending different plant materials to obtain superior functionality is for now the common practice. We observed though that an alternative approach towards the use of ingredients such as flours, is gaining more interest. The emphasis, in this case, is on functionality towards use in meat analogues, rather than classical functionality such as purity and solubility. Another trend is the exploration of novel protein sources such as seaweed, algae and proteins produced via fermentation (cellular agriculture).
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Beniwal AS, Singh J, Kaur L, Hardacre A, Singh H. Meat analogs: Protein restructuring during thermomechanical processing. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:1221-1249. [PMID: 33590609 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing awareness of inefficient meat production and its future impact on global food security has led the food industry to look for a sustainable approach. Meat products have superior sensorial perception, because of their molecular composition and fibrous structure. Current understanding in the science of food structuring has enabled the utilization of alternative or nonmeat protein ingredients to create novel structured matrices that could resemble the textural functionality of real meat. The physicochemical and structural changes that occur in concentrated protein systems during thermomechanical processing lead to the creation of a fibrous or layered meat-like texture. Phase transitions in concentrated protein systems during protein-protein, protein-polysaccharide, protein-lipid, and protein-water interactions significantly influence the texture and the overall sensory quality of meat analogs. This review summarizes the roles of raw materials (moisture, protein type and concentration, lipids, polysaccharides, and air) and processing parameters (temperature, pH, and shear) in modulating the behavior of the protein phase during the restructuring process (structure-function-process relationship). The big challenge for the food industry is to manufacture concept-based (such as beef-like, chicken-like, etc.) meat analogs with controlled structural attributes. This information will be useful in developing superior meat analogs that fulfill consumer expectations when replacing meat in their diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Singh Beniwal
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jaspreet Singh
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Lovedeep Kaur
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Allan Hardacre
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Abedi E, Pourmohammadi K. Physical modifications of wheat gluten protein: An extensive review. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Abedi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Fasa University Fasa Iran
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Chen Y, Liang Y, Jia F, Chen D, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang J. Effect of extrusion temperature on the protein aggregation of wheat gluten with the addition of peanut oil during extrusion. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1377-1386. [PMID: 33161084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The influence of extrusion temperature on protein components and aggregation of wheat gluten (WG) and wheat gluten-peanut oil complexes (WPE) during extrusion with the addition of peanut oil was studied. Gliadin content and wheat gluten extractability decreased and glutenin content increased as extrusion temperature increased. At the same extrusion temperature, the gliadin content in WPE was higher than that in WG. The addition of peanut oil also resulted in the higher gluten extractability of WPE than WG. Increasing extrusion temperature also increased the average molecular weight of glutenin and gliadin. The decreased free sulfhydryl (SH) and increased disulfide bonds (SS) indicated that wheat gluten aggregation was promoted, via disulfide cross-linking, when extrusion temperature increased. Furthermore, increased temperature promoted the aggregation of gluten by increasing sulfhydryl-disulfide bond (SH-SS) interchange during extrusion. When the secondary structure of wheat gluten was analyzed by circular dichroism, the relative gluten α-helix content was decreased and the relative β-sheet content was increased. Also, the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the size of the resultant particles increased with temperature, and the mean particle size of WPE was higher than WG. This research shows that extrusion temperature promotes gluten aggregation of WG and WPE. It provides basic data to support the study of gluten-lipid extrusion in the field of protein processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Feng Jia
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Di Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jinshui Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Effects of material characteristics on the structural characteristics and flavor substances retention of meat analogs. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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39
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Niu F, Li M, Fan J, Kou M, Han B, Pan W. Structural characteristics and digestibility of bovine skin protein and corn starch extruded blend complexes. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:1041-1048. [PMID: 32123425 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The interaction mechanism and digestibility of bovine skin protein (BSP)/corn starch (CS) blend complexes prepared by single screw extrusion were investigated. The effects of temperature and BSP/CS ratios on the physicochemical properties of BSP/CS blend complexes were analyzed. The results showed that the BSP/CS blend complexes extruded at a ratio of 3:7 had higher bulk density, texture and RVA viscosity compared with that of 7:3 and 5:5. It was mainly because the CS improved the formation of BSP/CS gel network structure through the screw extrusion. BSP and CS achieved an optimal entanglement at this ratio, potentially making pets play longer. The interaction between the -COOH of CS and the -NH3 of BSP during the process of extrusion was detected. The micrograph of blend system at ratio of 5:5 showed looser and special mosaic structure compared with other ratios, and further led to greater digestion rate. So we can design products with digestibility or longer play time by adjusting different proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuge Niu
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
| | - Mengya Li
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
| | - Jiamei Fan
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
| | - Mengxuan Kou
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
| | - Beijing Han
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
| | - Weichun Pan
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018 China
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Pietsch VL, Werner R, Karbstein HP, Emin MA. High moisture extrusion of wheat gluten: Relationship between process parameters, protein polymerization, and final product characteristics. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Gluten-starch interactions in wheat gluten during carboxylic acid deamidation upon hydrothermal treatment. Food Chem 2019; 283:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Pietsch VL, Schöffel F, Rädle M, Karbstein HP, Emin MA. High moisture extrusion of wheat gluten: Modeling of the polymerization behavior in the screw section of the extrusion process. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Pietsch VL, Karbstein HP, Emin MA. Kinetics of wheat gluten polymerization at extrusion-like conditions relevant for the production of meat analog products. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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