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Chrzanowska AM, Díaz-Álvarez M, Wieczorek PP, Poliwoda A, Martín-Esteban A. The application of the supported liquid membrane and molecularly imprinted polymers as solid acceptor phase for selective extraction of biochanin A from urine. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1599:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ncube S, Lekoto G, Cukrowska E, Chimuka L. Development and optimisation of a novel three-way extraction technique based on a combination of Soxhlet extraction, membrane assisted solvent extraction and a molecularly imprinted polymer using sludge polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as model compounds. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:918-928. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somandla Ncube
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Goitsemang Lekoto
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
- National Metrology Institute of South Africa; Pretoria South Africa
| | - Ewa Cukrowska
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Luke Chimuka
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
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Wong A, de Oliveira FM, Tarley CRT, Del Pilar Taboada Sotomayor M. Study on the cross-linked molecularly imprinted poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid) towards selective adsorption of diuron. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tajik M, Yamini Y, Esrafili A, Ebrahimpour B. On-line extraction and determination of two herbicides: Comparison between two modes of three-phase hollow fiber microextraction. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:649-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tajik
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Yadollah Yamini
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering; School of Public Health; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Behnam Ebrahimpour
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Herrero-Hernández E, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Andrades MS, Sánchez-González S, Carabias-Martínez R. Occurrence of phenols and phenoxyacid herbicides in environmental waters using an imprinted polymer as a selective sorbent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 454-455:299-306. [PMID: 23562684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A monitoring program was developed for the environmental analysis of four phenols and three phenoxyacid herbicides in natural surface and ground water samples from the vineyard region of La Rioja (Spain). An analytical method based on molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction was developed for the determination of the impact of these compounds on the quality of environmental water samples. Different parameters were evaluated and optimized to achieve limits of detection in the 20-90 ng L(-1) range for both surface and ground water, with relative standard deviations in the 12-18% range. A comparative study of the behavior of the imprinted polymer compared with traditional sorbents (C18 and Oasis HLB) in the analysis of river water was performed. The results revealed that bisphenol-A is the most ubiquitous compound (present in more than 50% of the samples), with values up to 0.72 μg L(-1). Bisphenol-F was also detected in several samples (33% of the samples), although in concentration lower than Bisphenol-A. The herbicide 2,4-D was frequently detected in water samples (present in 33% of the samples), with concentrations above 0.1 μg L(-1) in two samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Yi LX, Fang R, Chen GH. Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction in the Analysis of Agrochemicals. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 51:608-18. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Herrero-Hernández E, Pose-Juan E, Álvarez-Martín A, Andrades MS, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ. Pesticides and degradation products in groundwaters from a vineyard region: Optimization of a multiresidue method based on SPE and GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3492-500. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Pose-Juan
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC); Salamanca Spain
| | - Alba Álvarez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC); Salamanca Spain
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Zhang L, Han F, Hu Y, Zheng P, Sheng X, Sun H, Song W, Lv Y. Selective trace analysis of chloroacetamide herbicides in food samples using dummy molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction based on chemometrics and quantum chemistry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 729:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yang L, Fan Z, Wang T, Cai W, Yang M, Jiang P, Zhang M, Dong X. Preparation of a Pyrazosulfuron-Ethyl Imprinted Polymer with Hydrophilic External Layers by Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Precipitation and Grafting Polymerization. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.553007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Behavior of phenols and phenoxyacids on a bisphenol-A imprinted polymer. Application for selective solid-phase extraction from water and urine samples. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:3322-39. [PMID: 21686187 PMCID: PMC3116193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12053322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), obtained by precipitation polymerisation with 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, and bisphenol-A (BPA) as template, was prepared. The binding site configuration of the BPA-MIP was examined using Scatchard analysis. Moreover, the behaviour of the BPA-MIP for the extraction of several phenolic compounds (bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, 4-nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol) and phenoxyacid herbicides such as 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T and 2,4,5-TP has been studied in organic and aqueous media in the presence of other pesticides in common use. It was possible to carry out the selective preconcentration of the target analytes from the organic medium with recoveries of higher than 70%. In an aqueous medium, hydrophobic interactions were found to exert a remarkably non-specific contribution to the overall binding process. Several parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the BPA-MIP were evaluated to achieve the selective preconcentration of phenols and phenoxyacids from aqueous samples. The possibility of using the BPA-MIP as a selective sorbent to preconcentrate these compounds from other samples such as urine and river water was also explored.
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Haginaka J. Molecularly imprinted polymers as affinity-based separation media for sample preparation. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1548-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lasáková M, Jandera P. Molecularly imprinted polymers and their application in solid phase extraction. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:799-812. [PMID: 19219838 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Solid phase extraction is routinely used in many different areas of analytical chemistry. Some of the main fields are environmental, biological, and food chemistry, where cleaning and pre-concentration of the sample are important steps in the analytical protocol. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted attention because they show promise as compound-selective or group-selective media. The application of these synthetic polymers as sorbents allows not only pre-concentration and cleaning of the sample but also selective extraction of the target analyte, which is important, particularly when the sample is complex and impurities can interfere with quantification. This review surveys the selectivity of MIPs in solid phase extraction of various kinds of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lasáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Zhang Y, Liu R, Hu Y, Li G. Microwave Heating in Preparation of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Beads for Trace Triazines Analysis in Complicated Samples. Anal Chem 2009; 81:967-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8018262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruijin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuling Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Pichon V, Chapuis-Hugon F. Role of molecularly imprinted polymers for selective determination of environmental pollutants—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 622:48-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang S, Xu Z, Fang G, Zhang Y, He J. Separation and determination of estrone in environmental and drinking water using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction coupled with HPLC. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1181-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Danielsson B. Artificial receptors. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 109:97-122. [PMID: 17985098 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein I will provide a brief overview of artificial receptors with emphasis on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and their applications. Alternative techniques to produce artificial receptors such as in silico designed and modelled polymers as well as different receptors designed using libraries of more or less natural composition will also be mentioned. Examples of these include aptamers and bio-nanocomposites. The physical presentation of the receptors is important and may depend on the application. Block polymerization of MIPs and grinding to particles of suitable size used to be the preferred technique, but today beaded materials can be produced in sizes down to nanobeads and also nanofibers can be used to increase available surface area and thereby capacity. For sensor applications it may be attractive to include the artificial receptors in surface coatings or in membrane structures. Different composite designs can be used to provide additional desirable properties. MIPs and other artificial receptors are gaining rapidly increasing attention in very shifting application areas and an attempt to provide a systematic account for current applications has been made with examples from separation, solid-phase extraction, analysis, carbohydrate specific experiments, and MIPs-directed synthesis.
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Yoshimatsu K, Ye L, Lindberg J, Chronakis IS. Selective molecular adsorption using electrospun nanofiber affinity membranes. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 23:1208-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Chen Y, Guo Z, Wang X, Qiu C. Sample preparation. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1184:191-219. [PMID: 17991475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A panorama of sample preparation methods has been composed from 481 references, with a highlight of some promising methods fast developed during recent years and a somewhat brief introduction on most of the well-developed methods. All the samples were commonly referred to molecular composition, being extendable to particles including cells but not to organs, tissues and larger bodies. Some criteria to evaluate or validate a sample preparation method were proposed for reference. Strategy for integration of several methods to prepare complicated protein samples for proteomic studies was illustrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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de Jesus Rodrigues Santos W, Lima PR, Tarley CRT, Kubota LT. A catalytically active molecularly imprinted polymer that mimics peroxidase based on hemin: application to the determination of p-aminophenol. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:1919-29. [PMID: 17901947 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Revised: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing number of applications of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) in analytical chemistry, the synthesis of polymers with hemin introduced as the catalytic center to mimic the active site of peroxidase remains as a challenge. In the current work, a new type of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized with 4-aminophenol (4-APh) as the template and two monomers: hemin, which acts as the catalytic center, and methacrylic acid (MAA), which is used to build the active sites. This work shows that MIP successfully mimics peroxidase. For this purpose, a flow injection analysis system coupled to an amperometric detector was investigated through multivariate analysis. The determination of 4-APh was not affected by the equimolar presence of structurally similar phenol compounds, including catechol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2-aminophenol, guaiachol, chloroguaiachol and 2-cresol, thus highlighting the good performance of the imprinted polymer. Under the optimized experimental conditions, an analytical curve covering a wide linear response range from 0.8 up to 500 micromol L(-1) (r > 0.999) was obtained, and the method gave satisfactory precisions (n = 8), as evaluated via the relative standard deviation (RSD), of 4.1 and 3.2% for solutions of 4-APh of 50 and 500 micromol L(-1), respectively. Recoveries of 96-111% from water samples (tap water and river water) spiked with 4-APh were achieved, thus illustrating the accuracy of the proposed system.
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Oxelbark J, Legido-Quigley C, Aureliano CSA, Titirici MM, Schillinger E, Sellergren B, Courtois J, Irgum K, Dambies L, Cormack PAG, Sherrington DC, De Lorenzi E. Chromatographic comparison of bupivacaine imprinted polymers prepared in crushed monolith, microsphere, silica-based composite and capillary monolith formats. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1160:215-26. [PMID: 17559860 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Revised: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive comparison of five chromatographic stationary phases based on molecularly imprinted polymers is presented. Efficiency, imprinting factors, water compatibility and batch-to-batch reproducibility are discussed for crushed monolith, microspheres, two silica-based composites and capillary monoliths, all imprinted with the local anaesthetic bupivacaine. Synthesis protocol and chromatographic test conditions have been kept fixed within certain limits, in order to provide further insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the different formats. Excluding microparticles, all formats give satisfactory performance, especially in aqueous mobile phases. An assessment of batch-to-batch reproducibility in different mobile phases adds further value to this comparison study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Oxelbark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Pichon V. Selective sample treatment using molecularly imprinted polymers. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:41-53. [PMID: 17412351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers possessing specific cavities designed for a target molecule. By a mechanism of molecular recognition, the MIPs are used as selective sorbents for the solid-phase extraction of target analytes from complex matrices. MIPs are often called synthetic antibodies in comparison with immuno-based sorbents; they offer some advantages including easy, cheap and rapid preparation and high thermal and chemical stability. This review describes the use of MIPs in solid-phase extraction with emphasis on their synthesis, the various parameters affecting the selectivity of the extraction, their potential to selectively extract analytes from complex aqueous samples or organic extracts, their on-line coupling with LC and their potential in miniaturized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique (UMR CNRS 7121), Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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Pichon V, Haupt K. Affinity Separations on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Special Emphasis on Solid‐Phase Extraction. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600574739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pichon
- a Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique , Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles , Paris, France
| | - Karsten Haupt
- b Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire , Compiègne, France
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Huang HC, Huang SY, Lin CI, Lee YD. A multi-array sensor via the integration of acrylic molecularly imprinted photoresists and ultramicroelectrodes on a glass chip. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 582:137-46. [PMID: 17386485 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Revised: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel multi-array sensor using molecularly imprinted photoresists (MIPhs) as the recognition element has been fabricated with good resolution, stability and selectivity. The versatility of MIPhs in patterning electrodes with desirable configurations has been demonstrated in our lab previously. Herein, the conventional three-electrode cell was miniaturized within a confined space by taking advantage of photolithography. A novel series of acrylic MIPhs with a resolution of 20 microm were utilized to construct MIPh-based chips (MIPCs), which can discriminate albuterol from the interfering analogies, such as clenbuterol and terbutaline. Excellent selectivity toward these analytes (beta(Analytes)) was obtained for the MIPCs as compared to the non-template MIPh-based and bare Pt chips. Furthermore, the peak currents of albuterol measured on MIPC have good linear relations with its concentrations in the two ranges of 1-50 microM with the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9995, and 100-200 microM with R of 0.9999 by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). As the electrochemical cell on MIPC was reused 20 times, the peak current of albuterol changed from 2.453 pA (pico-ampere) to 1.802 pA with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 7.88%. The surface morphologies of molecularly imprinted and non-imprinted layers (observed by SEM and AFM) also displayed significantly different features. Because of small size, light weight and high specificity towards the template molecule, the multi-array sensor developed in this work is potentially useful for determining trace electroactive species either in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, ROC
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Sun H, Fung Y. Piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor for rapid analysis of pirimicarb residues using molecularly imprinted polymers as recognition elements. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 576:67-76. [PMID: 17723616 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) sensor using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as sensing material has been developed for fast and onsite determination of pirimicarb in contaminated vegetables. Three MIPs particles have been prepared by conventional bulk polymerization (MIP-B) and precipitation polymerization in either acetonitrile (MIP-P1) or chloroform (MIP-P2). MIP-P2, with uniform spherical shape and mean diameter at about 50 nm, has shown the best performance as the sensing material for PQC sensor. The sensor fabricated with MIP-P2 can achieve a steady-state response within 5 min, a very short response time as compared to MIPs-coated PQC sensor reported in the literature. The sensor developed exhibits good selectivity (low response to those pesticides with similar structures to pirimicarb, such as atrazine, carbaryl, carbofuran and aldicarb) and high sensitivity to pirimicarb with a linear working range from 5.0 x 10(-6) to 4.7 x 10(-3) mol L(-1) (following a regression equation (r=0.9988) of -DeltaF=0.552+1.79 x 10(6) C), a repeatability (R.S.D., n=5) of 4.3% and a detection limit (S/N=3, n=5) of 5 x 10(-7) mol L(-1). The MIP-coated PQC sensor developed is shown to provide a sensitive and fast method for onsite determination of pirimicarb in aqueous extract from contaminated vegetables with satisfactory recoveries from 96 to 103% and repeatability (R.S.D., n=5) from 4.6 to 7.1% at pirimicarb concentrations ranging from 8.0x10(-6) to 2.0 x 10(-4) mol L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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