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Jimura T, Kurono Y, Hirano T, Kawabata M, Yamashita M. Application of phosphorylcholine derivative as mucosal adjuvant enhancing mucosal immune responses in the upper respiratory tract. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:221-229. [PMID: 37532644 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A phosphorylcholine (PC)-derivative with high binding ability (PCDB) was intranasally administered to mice with ovalbumin (OVA), and immune responses were investigated to determine whether PCDB has antigenicity and adjuvanticity. METHODS BALB/c mice were intranasally immunized with PCDB coupled with OVA, unbound PCDB plus OVA, cholera toxin (CT) plus OVA, OVA alone, and PCDB alone. Then, the production of OVA- and PC-specific antibodies in external secretions and serum, and the secretion of cytokines such as IL-4 and IFN-γ from splenic mononuclear cells by stimulation with PCDB and OVA were examined. Furthermore, the secretion of IL-12p40 from CD11c+ cells following stimulation with PCDB was observed to clarify the adjuvant effect of PCDB through TLR4. RESULTS Intranasal immunization with PCDB plus OVA increased OVA- and PC-specific IgA in external secretions and OVA- and PC-specific antibodies in the serum. The analysis of IgG subclasses specific to OVA and PC showed a higher production of IgG1 than IgG2, and the secretion of both IL-4 and IFN-γ was enhanced. However, IL-12p40 secretion from CD11c+ cells was increased and OVA-specific IgE production was not promoted by PCDB stimulation. CONCLUSION Intranasal administration of the protein antigen with PCDB enhanced immune responses specific to the mixed antigen and PC. Although PCDB acted to bias the immune response toward the Th2-type, antigen-specific IgE production did not increase. These findings suggest that PCDB has the potential to be a mucosal vaccine with both adjuvanticity and antigenicity without causing side effects due to type I allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Jimura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kurono
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Takashi Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masaki Kawabata
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masaru Yamashita
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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Kurono Y. The mucosal immune system of the upper respiratory tract and recent progress in mucosal vaccines. Auris Nasus Larynx 2021; 49:1-10. [PMID: 34304944 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system prevents microorganism invasion through mucosal surfaces and consists of inductive and effector sites. Nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) functions as an inductive site, inducing mucosal immune responses in the upper respiratory tract. It follows that intranasal vaccines may prevent upper respiratory infections. To induce and enhance the immune response by administering inactivated antigens intranasally, mucosal adjuvants have been developed, including mutant cholera toxin and cationic cholesteryl pullulan nanogel, which do not accumulate in the central nervous system. Moreover, multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines are used to prevent invasive pneumococcal infections and otitis media, although they only provide moderate protection against acute otitis media because non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae also cause this infection. To address this problem, pneumococcal surface protein A of S. pneumoniae and P6 of H. influenzae are used as broad-spectrum vaccine antigens. Alternatively, phosphorylcholine (PC) is present in the cell walls of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and induces immune responses through antigenic activity. The significant effects of PC as a mucosal vaccine have been demonstrated through intranasal and sublingual immunization in mice. Furthermore, intranasal administration of PC reverses increases in IgE levels and prevents allergic rhinitis. After immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, intranasal immunization with PC boosts immune responses to vaccine strains and to PC itself. Thus, PC may be useful as a mucosal vaccine to prevent upper respiratory infections and allergic rhinitis, and it could be used as a booster to the currently used pneumococcal vaccine as it protects against non-vaccine strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kurono
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
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Dong Q, Yu J, Ding Y, Ji QW, Zhu RR, Wei YZ, Xu WB, Zhong YC, Zhu ZF, Meng K, Peng YD, Sun HT, Wang Y, Pan CL, Zeng QT, Yu KW. Phosphorylcholine-Primed Dendritic Cells Aggravate the Development of Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice. Circ Rep 2021; 3:86-94. [PMID: 33693294 PMCID: PMC7939956 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-20-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease involving activation of adaptive and innate immune responses to antigens, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and phosphorylcholine (PC). Dendritic cells (DCs), which are antigen-presenting cells that activate T cells, are present in atherosclerotic lesions and are activated in immune organs. However, the mechanism by which PC promotes atherosclerosis is unclear. Methods and Results:
To evaluate whether PC promotes atherosclerosis via DCs, 2×105
DCs activated by PC-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DCs+PC-KLH) were injected into ApoE−/−
mice and the features of the plaques and the effects of the DCs on cellular and humoral immunity against PC-KLH were determined. Mice injected with DCs+PC-KLH had significantly larger atherosclerotic lesions than controls, with increased inflammation in the lesions and plaque instability. Furthermore, DCs+PC-KLH were characterized using flow cytometry after coculture of bone marrow-derived DCs and naïve T cells. DCs+PC-KLH showed an inflammatory phenotype, with increased CD86, CD40, and major histocompatibility complex Class II molecules (MHC-II), which promoted PC-specific T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cell differentiation in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, 2 weeks after the administration of DCs+PC-KLH to mice, these mice produced PC- and oxLDL-specific IgG2a, compared with no production in the controls. Conclusions:
These findings suggest that DCs presenting PC promote specific immunity to PC, increase lesion inflammation, and accelerate atherosclerosis, which may explain how PC promotes atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qing-Wei Ji
- Department of Cardiology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning China
| | - Rui-Rui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yu-Zhen Wei
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Wen-Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zheng-Feng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Kai Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yu-Dong Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hai-Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Cheng-Liang Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qiu-Tang Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Kun-Wu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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