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Kallambettu V, York JD, Vasilopolous T, Hutcheson K, Plowman E. Validation of the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2025; 37:e70008. [PMID: 40033457 PMCID: PMC12075908 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.70008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although dysphagia is prevalent in persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (pALS) and is associated with morbidity and mortality, no validated outcomes currently exist for the gold standard videofluoroscopy (VF) exam. We therefore sought to psychometrically validate the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) scale in pALS. METHODS One hundred pALS attended a research evaluation and underwent a standardized VF and validated clinical outcomes of oral intake (FOIS), perceived swallowing impairment (EAT-10), and ALS disease progression (ALSFRS-Revised). Duplicate, independent, and blinded VF ratings were completed using the DIGEST and MBSImP scales. Weighted kappa, ANOVAs (Tukey's HSD, Welch's correction), and Chi-square analyses were performed to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity of the DIGEST scale for use in pALS. RESULTS The mean age was 64.4(SD = 10.4), 50% were male, and the average ALS duration was 28.2 months (SD = 22.2). Excellent intra-rater (kappa = 0.92-1.0) and inter-rater (kappa = 0.94) reliability were noted for DIGEST ratings. DIGEST grades significantly discriminated pharyngeal pathophysiology (MBSImP, F(3,96) = 24.7, p < 0.0001), perceived dysphagia (EAT-10, F(3,40) = 20.8, p < 0.0001), oral intake (FOIS, X2:25.4, df = 3, p < 0.0001), ALS bulbar disease progression (ALSFRS-bulbar, F(3,93) = 20.8, p < 0.0001) with main effects noted for all analyses. Post hoc pairwise comparisons noted differences across all DIGEST grades with the exception of DIGEST 2 versus 3 (moderate vs. severe dysphagia), p > 0.05. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm that the DIGEST scale is a reliable and valid VF outcome for use in pALS to distinguish normal versus impaired swallowing and mild versus moderate or severe dysphagia for use in clinical practice and as a clinical trial endpoint marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Kallambettu
- Aerodigestive Research Core LaboratoryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Justine Dallal York
- Aerodigestive Research Core LaboratoryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Terrie Vasilopolous
- Department of Anesthesiology and Orthopaedic Surgery & Sports MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Katherine Hutcheson
- Department of Head & Neck SurgeryThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Emily Plowman
- Aerodigestive Research Core LaboratoryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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Zeng H, Jia X, Tian Q, Jiang Y, Wang R, Cao R, Zhao W, Wang Z, Zeng X. Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Mandarin Version of the 10-Item Eating Assessment Tool in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2025:1-11. [PMID: 40397789 DOI: 10.1044/2025_jslhr-24-00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the Chinese Mandarin version of the 10-Item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10-CM) for Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHOD A total of 346 Chinese community-dwelling older adults participated in this study, with 47 individuals included in the second testing phase. Reliability was assessed through internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Validity analysis covered several aspects: instrument validity, convergent validity, concurrent validity, content validity, and discriminant validity. Instrument validity was assessed by comparing EAT-10-CM scores between participants with and without oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing the EAT-10-CM with the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI). Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the EAT-10-CM with the Penetration-Aspiration Scale. Content validity was examined using the content validity index, based on the input of 10 expert reviewers. Discriminant validity was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the optimal cutoff value. RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha for the total scale and individual items was > 0.9, indicating excellent internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis, which showed a strong correlation (r > .7), demonstrating good stability over time. Significant differences in EAT-10-CM scores were observed between participants with OD and healthy individuals, supporting the instrument's ability to differentiate between these groups. The EAT-10-CM showed significant correlations with the DHI and the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (p < .001). The content validity index was 0.95 for the scale and ≥ 0.8 for each item. ROC analysis determined an optimal cutoff value of 3.00, with corresponding sensitivity and specificity values of 0.865 and 0.940, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The EAT-10-CM is a culturally adapted and validated instrument specifically for Chinese older adults with good reliability and validity. The optimal cutoff value of 3.00 provides a useful threshold for clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Zeng
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
- Dysphagia Research Institution, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Xueshan Jia
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Qingfeng Tian
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Rongzhi Cao
- Chinese PLA 92805 Military Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Weijia Zhao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | | | - Xi Zeng
- Dysphagia Research Institution, Zhengzhou University, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
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Ekström L, Sjökvist Wilk L, Finizia C, Tuomi L. Validation of the Swedish Eating Assessment Tool, S-EAT-10, for patients with head and neck cancer. Sci Rep 2025; 15:13109. [PMID: 40240813 PMCID: PMC12003645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-97170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the Swedish version of Eating Assessment Tool (S-EAT-10) for head and neck cancer patients. The participants (n = 60) had persistent swallowing difficulties 6-36 months after completion of curative radiotherapy. The videofluoroscopic swallowing study was assessed using the Penetration Aspiration Scale and the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale modified for videofluoroscopy. Participants completed questionnaires S-EAT-10, M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and study-specific questions. Internal consistency was excellent and the test-retest reliability was good. Regarding convergent validity, S-EAT-10 showed moderate to strong correlation with the MDADI and no to weak correlation with study-specific questions regarding meal duration and weight change. Regarding criterion validity, there was a weak correlation between S-EAT-10 and instrumental measures. S-EAT-10 showed 85% sensitivity in identifying patients with dysphagia. S-EAT-10 could not discriminate between different degrees of dysphagia. Thus, S-EAT-10 showed sufficient psychometric properties regarding head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnéa Ekström
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lotta Sjökvist Wilk
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caterina Finizia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Tuomi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Jamroz B, Milewska M, Ostrowska A, Chmielewska-Walczak J, Panczyk M, Szostak-Wegierek D. Validation and Reliability of the Polish Version of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 Questionnaire. Nutrients 2025; 17:1291. [PMID: 40284156 PMCID: PMC12029939 DOI: 10.3390/nu17081291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Revised: 03/31/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Early identification of patients at risk of dysphagia is of paramount importance. To date, no dysphagia screening questionnaire has been validated and translated into Polish that can be widely used in a multidisciplinary setting. Our study aimed to validate and adapt the Polish version of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 questionnaire (EAT-10). Materials and Methods: The EAT-10 questionnaire was translated into Polish using a formal forward-backward translation method. The Polish EAT-10 was administered to 109 patients with different dysphagia etiologies and 24 control subjects. Internal consistency, unidimensionality, test-retest reliability and external validity against the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) were performed. Results: The EAT-10PL demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.958) and confirmed unidimensionality. We found a strong correlation between EAT-10PL with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (rs = 0.94, p < 0.001) and a weaker correlation with the PAS (rs = 0.55, p < 0.001). We reported a sensitivity of 79.5% and specificity at the level of 60.0%, using ≥3 as a cut-off point. The statistically chosen cutoff point for PAS ≥ 2 and EAT-10 ≥ 6 indicated optimal specificity (70.0%) and sensitivity (79.5%) of measurements performed using EAT-10PL. The EAT-10PL questionnaire demonstrates high discriminatory ability relative to the control group (F(4, 104) = 16.219, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.38 [95%CI: 0.22-0.48]). Conclusions: The Polish EAT-10 is a valid and reliable, self-administered questionnaire for dysphagic patient identification. The Polish EAT-10 ≥ 3 can be considered abnormal; however, it seems that EAT-10PL is not appropriate for patients with dysphagia and a chronic cough background, and further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Jamroz
- Clinical Department of Otolaryngology, National Medical Institute of the Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Milewska
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Ostrowska
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.O.); (J.C.-W.)
| | - Joanna Chmielewska-Walczak
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.O.); (J.C.-W.)
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Szostak-Wegierek
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Maeda T, Kamide N, Ando M, Murakami T, Sakamoto M, Sawada T, Shiba Y. Association between dysphagia and social isolation in community-dwelling older people. Eur Geriatr Med 2025; 16:605-613. [PMID: 39755780 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-01140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the relationship between dysphagia and social isolation among community-dwelling older people. METHODS The study participants were 238 community-dwelling older people (168 women; mean age, 74.0 ± 5.2 years; independent in instrumental activities of daily living, 97%) who lived independently and didn't have a history of cerebrovascular disease. Swallowing function was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool-10, with a score of ≥ 3 defined as dysphagia. Tongue pressure and oral diadochokinesis (ODK) were assessed as swallowing-related functions. Social isolation was assessed using the 6-item Lubben Social Network Scale. Physical function, cognitive function, and basic attributes were investigated as confounding factors. The relationship between social isolation and dysphagia was examined by logistic regression analysis with social isolation as the dependent variable and swallowing function as the independent variable, adjusted for confounding factors. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of the participants were classified as social isolation group. A significantly higher percentage of participants with dysphagia were in the social isolation group than in the nonsocial isolation group (odds ratio [OR]: 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-7.9). No significant association was found between social isolation and either tongue pressure or ODK. Dysphagia was significantly associated with social isolation (OR: 2.8, 95% CI 1.1-6.9), even after adjusting for confounders (physical function, cognitive function, and basic attributes). CONCLUSION Dysphagia may be an independent risk factor for social isolation in community-dwelling older people. These findings suggest that dysphagia should be assessed in community-dwelling older people at risk of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Maeda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0375, Japan.
| | - Naoto Kamide
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Ando
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takeshi Murakami
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Miki Sakamoto
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Sawada
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shiba
- School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Schopp M, Beer K, Cooper I, Hird K, Doverty A, Panicker A, Schütze K, Brusch A, Needham M. The relationship between patient-reported and clinician-assessed outcome measures in Inclusion body myositis - insights from a retrospective cohort study. Neuromuscul Disord 2025; 46:105272. [PMID: 39799668 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.105272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2025]
Abstract
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory myopathy, characterised by slow progression of weakness, skeletal muscle atrophy, and heterogeneous clinical presentation. This variability in disease progression and presentation complicates tracking of clinical progress and intervention response in clinical trials, presenting challenges in identifying reliable outcome measures. We aimed to identify the most useful suite of clinician-assessed and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use in clinical practice and trials from a selection of the most commonly used outcome measures in IBM. We retrospectively analysed clinician-assessed outcome measures (manual muscle testing (MMT8, MMT12)), right- and left-handed grip strength, modified timed up and go (mTUG), two-minute walk test (2MWT); a clinician-administered patient-reported tool (IBM Functional Rating Scale (IBMFRS)); and PROMs including the eating assessment tool (EAT-10), and neuromuscular symptom score (NSS) from 20 participants attending a single specialist myositis clinic in Perth, Australia. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the IBMFRS, MMT8, MMT12, mTUG and 2MWT (p < 0.05). The NSS strongly correlated with the MMT8, MMT12 and 2MWT (p < 0.05). Univariate regression analyses revealed that 2MWT, MMT12 and mTUG were significant predictors of the IBMFRS and NSS, and backward stepwise linear regression highlighted that the 2MWT was a significant positive predictor for the IBMFRS (p < 0.001). Overall, we concluded that the IBMFRS, NSS, 2MWT and mTUG models were the best predictors of patient-perceived physical function in IBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Schopp
- Western Australia Country Health Service (Great Southern), Albany Health Campus, Albany Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly Beer
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Ian Cooper
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn Hird
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Althea Doverty
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Annik Panicker
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Katie Schütze
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anna Brusch
- Department of Immunology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Neurology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Kao TH, Gochyyev P, Sharma N, de Guzman JK, Supnet Wells M, Acuna P, Li S, Rowe HP, Perry BJ. Dysphagia is a risk factor of malnutrition in X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism. Clin Park Relat Disord 2024; 11:100282. [PMID: 39634363 PMCID: PMC11616067 DOI: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2024.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/09/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Malnutrition is a leading cause of death for persons living with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP), a degenerative disease endemic to the Philippines. Difficulty swallowing has been linked to malnutrition in other populations; however, knowledge of this relationship is limited in XDP. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine the association between dysphagia and malnutrition in this population. Methods 21 individuals with XDP, 26 controls, and 18 genetic carriers were included in the final data analysis. Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient was used to determine an association between baseline EAT-10 total scores and 12-month malnutrition status, and multiple linear regression to evaluate the predictive ability of the EAT-10. A baseline EAT-10 score cut-off point predicting 12-month malnutrition status was estimated. Results For the XDP group, the baseline EAT-10 total scores had a significant negative correlation (r = -0.68, p < 0.001) with and was a significant predictor (p = 0.001) of 12-month BMI. A baseline EAT-10 total score of ≥ 4 predicted malnutrition twelve months after administration (sensitivity = 0.93; specificity = 1; AUC = 0.95). Discussion Dysphagia, as measured using the EAT-10, was associated with BMI in the XDP population. Additionally, an EAT-10 total score ≥ 4 could predict malnutrition in twelve months after test administration. With these findings, healthcare providers could identify patients with XDP at high risk for malnutrition earlier and provide intervention sooner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha H. Kao
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, 36 1 Ave, Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, MA 02129, United States
| | - Perman Gochyyev
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, 36 1 Ave, Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, MA 02129, United States
| | - Nutan Sharma
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
- The Collaborative Center for X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Jan K. de Guzman
- Jose Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Metro Manila, 1012, Philippines
- Sunshine Care Foundation, The Health Centrum, Roxas City, Capiz 5800, Philippines
| | - Melanie Supnet Wells
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
- The Collaborative Center for X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Patrick Acuna
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
- The Collaborative Center for X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Shasha Li
- Massachusetts General Hospital Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA 02125, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02125, United States
| | - Hannah P. Rowe
- Northeastern University, 70 Forsyth Street, Room 228A, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Bridget J. Perry
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, 36 1 Ave, Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, MA 02129, United States
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Parlak MM, İnceoğlu P, Tokgöz SA, Munis ÖB, Saylam G. Use of EAT-10 in Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease: Who Should be the Source of Information? Dysphagia 2024:10.1007/s00455-024-10767-2. [PMID: 39466385 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-024-10767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the compatibility between individuals with Alzheimer's disease (IwAD) and Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) results obtained from their caregivers and to compare EAT-10 results obtained from IwAD and caregivers with fiberoptic endoscopic swallow evaluation (FEES) results. EAT-10 questions were read aloud to the IwAD; simultaneously, the caregiver was asked to complete the EAT-10 by thinking of the IwAD in a different room. Aspiration, penetration, and residual status were first assessed as "present" or "absent" using FEES, then the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) was used. EAT-10 items were analyzed with agreement between IwAD and caregiver.The sensitivity and specificity of IwAD and caregiver EAT-10 results for aspiration, penetration, and residue were assessed. EAT-10 cut-off scores were determined for IwAD according to different sources of information.Agreement of the EAT-10 total measurements of IwAD and caregiver was determined to be poor. There was no statistically significant correlation between PAS scores and EAT-10 total IwAD (p = 0.072) and caregiver (p = 0.195) scores. In the aspiration, penetration, and residue measurements of the participants, the area under the ROC curve was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) according to both IwAD and caregiver responses. It was observed that IwAD's statement for aspiration, penetration, and residue in mild stage AD; IwAD for aspiration, caregiver for penetration, both for residue in moderate stage; caregivers for advanced stage gave more accurate results in differentiating individuals with aspiration, penetration, and residue.In conclusion, in this study, according to the information obtained from IwAD or caregivers, it was determined that the agreement between EAT-10 and FEES results was low, especially in recognizing IwAD with aspiration. Therefore, the use of the EAT-10 in IwAD does not provide adequate diagnosis; there is a need to develop other swallowing assessment tools that also provide information about the effectiveness and safety of swallowing specific to IwAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mümüne Merve Parlak
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Pınar İnceoğlu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Güleser Saylam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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Candelo E, Vasudevan SS, Orellana D, Williams AM, Rutt AL. Exploring the Impact of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis on Otolaryngological Functions. J Voice 2024:S0892-1997(24)00236-4. [PMID: 39138039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal or bulbar level. OBJECTIVE We aim to describe the most frequent otolaryngology (ORL) complaints and voice disturbances in patients with bulbar onset ALS. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Single-center study with combined ORL and ALS clinic evaluation. PARTICIPANTS Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ALS following an ORL visit and who underwent comprehensive voice assessments between January 2021 and January 2023. EXPOSURE Objective voice assessments. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Glottal functional index (GFI), voice handicap index (VHI), reflux system index (RSI), and voice quality characteristics such as shimmer, jitter, maximum phonation time (MPT), and other essential parameters were assessed. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-three patients (age 62.17 ± 10.79, 54.48% female) were included. Three patients were referred from the ORL department to the ALS clinic. The most frequent symptoms were; dysphagia, dysarthria, facial weakness, pseudobulbar affect, and sialorrhea. The mean of forced vital capacity was 59.85%, EAT-10 15.91 ± 11.66, RSI 25.84 ± 9.03, GFI 14.12 ± 5.58, VHI-10 42.81 ± 34.94, MPT 15.22 s ± 8.06. Many patients reported voice impairments mainly related to spastic dysarthria and the combination of lower and upper motor neuron dysarthria, hypernasality, reduced verbal expression, and articulatory accuracy. Shimmer was increased to 8.46% ± 7.20, and jitter to 2.26% ± 1.39. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Based on our cohort, this population with bulbar onset ALS has a higher frequency of voice disturbance characterized by hypernasality, spastic dysarthria, and reduced verbal expression. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estephania Candelo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida; Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Daniela Orellana
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Amy L Rutt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.
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Erensoy İ, Yaşar Ö, Aydınlı FE, Kemal Ö, Terzi M. The discriminant ability of the Eating Assessment tool-10 to detect swallowing efficiency in neurogenic dysphagia. LOGOP PHONIATR VOCO 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39126364 DOI: 10.1080/14015439.2024.2388894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurogenic dysphagia causes complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, early detection with clinically valid tools is essential. This study aimed to investigate the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) ability to detect swallowing efficiency at three different consistencies in neurogenic dysphagia. METHODS One hundred twelve patients with neurogenic dysphagia (74 males and 38 females, mean ± SD age 61.83 ± 9.72 years) were included in the study. A Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) was performed in the clinic following EAT-10 to assess swallowing efficacy at International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) consistencies of 0, 3, and 7. The swallowing efficiency of the patients was assessed using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS). Area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity values were calculated to evaluate the ability of EAT-10 to discriminate between participants with and without residue and between participants with and without moderate-to-severe residue. RESULTS The EAT-10 significantly detected participants with and without residues for three IDDSI consistent: for IDDSI 0 residue in the vallecula and pyriform sinus (cutoff score ≥ 14, p < 0.001), for IDDSI 3 residue in the vallecula and pyriform sinus (cutoff score ≥ 13, p < 0.001), for IDDSI 7 residue in the vallecula and pyriform sinus (respectively, cutoff score ≥ 13, cutoff score ≥ 14, p < 0.001). Additionally, the EAT-10 significantly detected those with and without moderate-to-severe residue. CONCLUSIONS The EAT-10, frequently used in swallowing clinics, can determine swallowing efficiency in individuals with neurogenic dysphagia. Additionally, it has the power to detect moderate-to-severe pharyngeal residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Erensoy
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Yaşar
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen Aydınlı
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kemal
- Department of Ear Nose Throat, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Murat Terzi
- Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
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11
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Correa-Rodríguez M, Villaverde-Rodríguez MDC, Casas-Barragán A, Tapia-Haro RM, Aguilar-Ferrándiz ME. Nutritional Status, Dietary Intake, Quality of Life, and Dysphagia in Women With Fibromyalgia. Nurs Res 2024; 73:224-231. [PMID: 38329989 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is an idiopathic chronic disease characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia that has been recently associated with risk of dysphagia. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the association between nutritional status, micro- and macronutrient intake, and quality of life (QoL) in a cohort of women with FMS and risk of dysphagia compared to women with FMS without risk of dysphagia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 46 women with FMS. Risk of dysphagia was assessed by the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST). The Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Swallowing Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to assess dietary intake and QoL, respectively. RESULTS Thirty women with FMS were at risk for dysphagia (65.21%), assessed by the EAT-10. Based on the V-VST, the frequency of risk of dysphagia was 63.04%. Significant differences in body mass index (BMI) were found between women at risk for dysphagia and those without risk. Women at risk for dysphagia had significantly lower overall QoL scores than those women without risk. No significant differences were found for dietary intake and dysphagia risk. DISCUSSION Women with FMS at risk for dysphagia have significantly lower BMI values and worse QoL than women without dysphagia risk, supporting the importance of assessing dysphagia in clinical practice in persons with FMS.
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Del Carmen Villaverde-Rodríguez M, Correa-Rodríguez M, Casas-Barragán A, Tapia-Haro RM, Aguilar-Ferrándiz ME. Orofacial Pain and Risk of Dysphagia in Women With Fibromyalgia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:883-892. [PMID: 38118459 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-23-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to analyze the frequency of dysphagia risk and swallowing-associated quality of life (QoL) in a sample of women with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and examine the potential relationship between risk of dysphagia and chronic orofacial pain (COP) in a sample of women with FMS. METHOD A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 46 women with FMS. COP was assessed by mouth opening, the orofacial visual analog scale (VAS), and the craniofacial pain and disability inventory (CF-PDI). Risk of dysphagia was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the volume-viscosity swallowing test (V-VST). Swallowing-associated QoL was determined using the Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire. RESULTS Thirty patients were identified as being at risk for dysphagia (65.21%) using the EAT-10 and, according to the SWAL-QOL, 41.30% of patients had alterations in QoL associated with swallowing. The EAT-10 correlated positively with orofacial VAS, CF-PDI-total, CF-PDI-pain and disability, and CF-PDI-jaw-functional status. In relation to SWAL-QOL, negative correlations were observed for orofacial VAS, CF-PDI-total, CF-PDI-pain and disability, and CF-PDI-jaw-functional status. Patients at risk of dysphagia (EAT-10 and V-VST) had significantly higher scores in orofacial VAS (p = .002 and p = .015), CF-PDI-total (p = .006 and p = .014), and CF-PDI-pain and disability (p = .004 and p = .013). CONCLUSIONS In this sample of women with FMS, we identified a high rate of dysphagia risk. Also, a high percentage of these women presented alterations in QoL associated with swallowing. Patients at risk for dysphagia had significantly higher orofacial VAS and CF-PDI-total scores, supporting the relationship between dysphagia risk and COP in FMS. Further research to establish the need for appropriate assessment referrals in clinical practice to determine whether dysphagia is present in this population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Villaverde-Rodríguez
- PhD Biomedicine Program, Faculty of Health Sciences (Granada), University of Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
| | - María Correa-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences (Granada), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Casas-Barragán
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (Granada), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa María Tapia-Haro
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (Granada), University of Granada, Spain
| | - María Encarnación Aguilar-Ferrándiz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (Granada), University of Granada, Spain
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Dantas RO, Alves LMT, Silva ACV, Cassiani RA, Alves DC, Nascimento WV. Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) Scores to Detect Self-Reported Dysphagia in Brazilians. Dysphagia 2023; 38:1609-1614. [PMID: 37272949 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-023-10588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) detects swallowing impairments (dysphagia) self-reported by patients according to their perception. This noninvasive, inexpensive, self-administered instrument is quickly and easily filled out. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the scores, sensitivity, and specificity of the method to define self-reported dysphagia in Brazilians. EAT-10 scores were evaluated in 443 healthy individuals (273 women and 170 men), aged 20 to 84 years, with no swallowing difficulties or diseases, and 72 patients with diseases that cause dysphagia (35 women and 37 men), aged 29 to 88 years. Each of the 10 instrument items has a 0-4 rating scale, in which 0 indicates no problem and 4, a severe problem; total results range from 0 to 40. The median EAT-10 score of healthy subjects was 0 (range: 0-20), and that of patients was 14.5 (range: 1-40). Considering a ≥ 3 cutoff score to define dysphagia risk, it was self-reported by 97.2% of patients with dysphagia and 9.5% of no-disease individuals (97.2% sensitivity and 90.7% specificity). The positive predictive value of the test was 63% and the negative predictive value was 99.5%. Healthy women had higher scores (median 0, range: 0-20) than healthy men (median 0, range: 0-8, p < 0.01) and more results indicative of self-reported dysphagia (11.7%) than healthy men (5.9%). The EAT-10 cutoff score to detect self-reported dysphagia in Brazilians should be 3, as previously considered. Healthy women complain more of self-reported dysphagia than healthy men. The test has high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Oliveira Dantas
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- , Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Weslania Viviane Nascimento
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physiology, Department of Surgery, Hospital of Mataró, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain
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Xia X, Zhang W, Guo J, Chang X, Zhao R, Wang J, Pang X, Zhang J. Diagnostic utility of different dysphagia screening tools to detect dysphagia in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3919-3927. [PMID: 37368071 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysphagia is a common and serious clinical symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of four dysphagia screening tools in ALS, including the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) bulbar subscale, water-swallowing test (WST), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) and Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ). METHODS A total of 68 individuals from First Hospital, Shanxi medical university, were recruited in the study. The ALSFRS-R, WST, EAT-10, SSQ and the gold standard video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were performed. The Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) during VFSS was assessed to identify unsafe swallowing (PAS ≥ 3) and aspiration (PAS ≥ 6). Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the 4 tools. Youden index was used to determine the ideal cut-off value for each tool. RESULTS Of the patients, 20.59% (14/68) presented unsafety swallowing and 16.18% (11/68) had aspiration. The four tools could effectively identify patients with unsafe swallowing and aspiration. The EAT-10 had the maximum AUC (0.873 and 0.963, respectively) among the tools in the diagnosis of unsafe swallowing and aspiration. To detect unsafe swallowing and aspiration, an EAT-10 score of 6 (sensitivity: 78.6%, specificity: 87.0%) and an EAT-10 score of 8 (sensitivity: 90.9%, specificity: 91.2%), were the most appropriate cut-off points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The ALSFRS-R bulbar subscale, WST, EAT-10, and SSQ could effectively identify unsafe swallowing and aspiration in patients with ALS. Of the four tools, the EAT-10 was relatively accurate, safe, and convenient. Further studies including more patients should be conducted to verify the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Xia
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Junhong Guo
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueli Chang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongjuan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.85, Jiefang South Street, Taiyuan, China
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Gölaç H, Atalık G, Gülaçtı A, Şansal E, Ceylan BT, Esen Aydınlı F, Yılmaz M. The discriminant ability of the eating assessment tool-10 questionnaire to detect residue and aspiration in patients with mixed etiology of dysphagia. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023:10.1007/s00405-023-07987-x. [PMID: 37097466 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the discriminant ability of the eating assessment tool-10 (EAT-10) to detect postswallow residue and aspiration for different consistencies. METHODS Seventy-two consecutive patients with mixed etiology of dysphagia (42 males and 30 females, mean ± sd age of 60.42 ± 15.82) were included. After completing the EAT-10, Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) was performed to assess the efficiency and safety of swallowing for the following consistencies: thin liquid, nectar thick, yogurt, and solid. While swallowing efficiency was evaluated using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS), the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) was used to evaluate swallowing safety. RESULTS The EAT-10 questionnaire significantly identified the patients with residue from those without residue for the following consistencies and anatomic locations: thin liquid residue in the pyriform sinus (cutoff score ≥ 10, p = 0.009), nectar thick residue in the vallecula (cutoff score ≥ 15, p = 0.001), yogurt residue in the vallecula (cutoff score ≥ 15, p = 0.009), yogurt residue in the pyriform sinus (cutoff score ≥ 9, p = 0.015), and solid residue in the vallecula (cutoff score ≥ 13, p = 0.016). However, the same discriminant ability of EAT-10 was not found for detecting aspiration in any consistency. CONCLUSIONS The EAT-10 questionnaire can be used as an assessment tool to judge swallowing efficiency in patients with mixed etiology of dysphagia, but the same is not evident for swallowing safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Gölaç
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek Mah. Bişkek Cad. 6. Cad. (Eski 81. Sokak) No: 2 Çankaya, 06490, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Güzide Atalık
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek Mah. Bişkek Cad. 6. Cad. (Eski 81. Sokak) No: 2 Çankaya, 06490, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adnan Gülaçtı
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek Mah. Bişkek Cad. 6. Cad. (Eski 81. Sokak) No: 2 Çankaya, 06490, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Şansal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Tijen Ceylan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen Aydınlı
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Yılmaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Schindler A, de Fátima Lago Alvite M, Robles-Rodriguez WG, Barcons N, Clavé P. History and Science behind the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (Eat-10): Lessons Learned. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:597-606. [PMID: 37702330 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is an underdiagnosed medical condition with a high prevalence in populations such as patients with frailty, neurological disease, or head and neck pathology. Potential barriers to its diagnosis include lack of (or low) awareness of the existence and severity of the condition, the hidden nature of the condition within the 'normal ageing' process, clinical limitations, and socioeconomic reasons. Consequently, an effective treatment is not systematically offered in a timely manner, and complications, such as dehydration and respiratory infections or aspiration pneumonia, can arise. To overcome this issue, the early use of screening questionnaires to identify people at risk of swallowing disorders represents the cornerstone of preventive medicine. Several screening tools have been created but few are widely used in clinical practice. The Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) was developed as a quick, easy-to-understand, and self-administered screening tool for OD. METHODS A literature review was conducted in five databases with no restrictions on the language, date of publication, or design of the study to identify aspects of the validation, applicability, and usefulness of EAT-10. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Transcultural adaptation and translation studies, as well as studies involving various types of patients with dysphagia in different settings have shown the validity and reliability of EAT-10 in relation to the gold standard and other validation tools. The use of this standardised screening tool could be used as a primary screening instrument of dysphagia in routine clinical practice across a wide range of diseases and settings and thereby increase the likelihood of early diagnosis and management of a condition that lead to serious complications and impaired quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schindler
- William Gildardo Robles-Rodriguez FUCS: Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Colombia,
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Dell'Aquila G, Peladic NJ, Nunziata V, Fedecostante M, Salvi F, Carrieri B, Liperoti R, Carfì A, Eusebi P, Onder G, Orlandoni P, Cherubini A. Prevalence and management of dysphagia in nursing home residents in Europe and Israel: the SHELTER Project. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:719. [PMID: 36042405 PMCID: PMC9429699 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysphagia is a frequent condition in older nursing home residents (NHRs) which may cause malnutrition and death. Nevertheless, its prevalence is still underestimated and there is still debate about the appropriateness and efficacy of artificial nutrition (AN) in subjects with severe dysphagia. The aim is to assess the prevalence of dysphagia in European and Israeli NHRs, its association with mortality, and the relationship of different nutritional interventions, i.e. texture modified diets and AN—with weight loss and mortality. Methods A prospective observational study of 3451 European and Israeli NHRs older than 65 years, participating in the SHELTER study from 2009 to 2011, at baseline and after 12 months. All residents underwent a standardized comprehensive evaluation using the interRAI Long Term Care Facility (LTCF). Cognitive status was assessed using the Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), functional status using Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Hierarchy scale. Trained staff assessed dysphagia at baseline by clinical observation. Data on weight loss were collected for all participants at baseline and after 12 months. Deaths were registered by NH staff. Results The prevalence of dysphagia was 30.3%. During the one-year follow-up, the mortality rate in subjects with dysphagia was significantly higher compared with that of non-dysphagic subjects (31.3% vs 17.0%,p = 0,001). The multivariate analysis showed that NHRs with dysphagia had 58.0% higher risk of death within 1 year compared with non-dysphagic subjects (OR 1.58, 95% CI, 1.31–1.91). The majority of NHRs with dysphagia were prescribed texture modified diets (90.6%), while AN was used in less than 10% of subjects. No statistically significant difference was found concerning weight loss and mortality after 12 months following the two different nutritional treatments. Conclusions Dysphagia is prevalent among NHRs and it is associated with increased mortality, independent of the nutritional intervention used. Noticeably, after 12 months of nutritional intervention, NHRs treated with AN had similar mortality and weight loss compared to those who were treated with texture modified diets, despite the clinical conditions of patients on AN were more compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Dell'Aquila
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nikolina Jukic Peladic
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS INRCA Ancona, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nunziata
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy. .,Geriatrics and Geriatric Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center On Aging (IRCCS-INRCA), Via della Montagnola, 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Fedecostante
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Salvi
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy. .,Geriatrics and Geriatric Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center On Aging (IRCCS-INRCA), Via della Montagnola, 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Barbara Carrieri
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosa Liperoti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Carfì
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Eusebi
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Via Giano della Bella 34, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Orlandoni
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS INRCA Ancona, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Via della Montagnola 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
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Garand KLF, Bhutada AM, Hopkins-Rossabi T, Mulekar MS, Carnaby G. Pilot Study of Respiratory-Swallow Coordination in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2022; 65:2815-2828. [PMID: 35921660 DOI: 10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) impacts bulbar and respiratory musculature, which may contribute to impaired swallow function (dysphagia) and respiratory-swallow coordination. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine if respiratory-swallow coordination in individuals with ALS was perturbed compared to healthy controls. We further explored relationships between measures of respiratory function and self-reported swallowing outcomes on respiratory-swallow coordination. METHOD We employed a cross-sectional design with eight participants with ALS and eight age- and sex-matched healthy participants. Respiratory inductance plethysmography and a nasal cannula were used to capture respiratory-swallow phase patterns during a standardized clinical swallow examination. The advantageous respiratory-swallow phase pattern was defined if exhalation surrounded the swallow (E-E). Spirometry was used to capture indices of respiratory function (forced vital capacity % predicted, peak cough flow [PCF]). Validated questionnaires were used to collect information regarding ALS-related bulbar functional status and swallowing-related concerns. RESULTS Compared to the matched healthy cohort, individuals with ALS demonstrated higher rates of non-E-E respiratory-swallow phase patterning and worse bulbar/swallow dysfunction. Group (ALS), swallow tasks, and PCF were significantly associated with respiratory-swallow phase pattern. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings support altered respiratory-swallow phase patterning in ALS. Future work should employ an instrumental assessment to quantify swallowing physiology and elucidate the relationship between perturbed respiratory-swallow coordination and swallowing function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankita M Bhutada
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Theresa Hopkins-Rossabi
- Speech-Language Pathology Program, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Madhuri S Mulekar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Giselle Carnaby
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio
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