A Transparent Additive-Free Fibrous Facial Mask for Skin Moisturizing

Fluid Unidirectional Transport Induced by Structure and Ambient Elements across Porous Materials: From Principles to Applications

Spontaneous or nonspontaneous unidirectional fluid transport across multidimension can occur under specific structural designs and ambient elements for porous materials. While existing reviews have extensively summarized unidirectional fluid transport on surfaces, there is an absence of literature summarizing fluid's unidirectional transport across porous materials. This review introduces wetting phenomena observed on natural biological surfaces or porous structures. Subsequently, it offers an overview of diverse principles and potential applications in this field, emphasizing various physical and chemical structural designs (surface energy, capillary size, topographic curvature) and ambient elements (underwater, under oil, pressure, and solar energy). Applications encompass moisture-wicking fabric, sensors, skincare, fog collection, oil-water separation, electrochemistry, liquid-based gating, and solar evaporators. Additionally, significant principles and formulas from various studies are compelled to offer readers valuable references. Simultaneously, potential advantages and challenges are critically assessed in these applications and the perspectives are presented.

In-situ electrospinning with precise deposition of antioxidant nanofiber facial mask loaded with Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides

In order to fabricate a novel antioxidant nanofiber facial mask, a metal cone modified in-situ electrospinning with precise deposition was employed by utilizing Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides (EPPs). The metal cone could control the deposition area to achieve precise fabrication of facial mask on skin. The EPPs exhibited remarkable antioxidant ability, as evidenced by the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 1.44 mg/mL and 0.74 mg/mL against DPPH and HO• free radicals, respectively. The antioxidant ability of the facial mask was improved by elevating the electrospinning voltage from 15 kV to 19 kV, due to the improved release capacity of EPPs by 7.09 %. Moreover, the facial mask demonstrated robust skin adhesion and moisture-retaining properties compared with commercial facial mask, which was benefited by the in-situ electrospinning technology. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assay, animal skin irritation test, and ocular irritation test collectively affirmed the safety of the facial mask. Thus, this research introduces a novel in situ electrospinning with precise deposition method and a natural antioxidant additive for preparing facial mask.

Electrosprayed Environment-Friendly Dry Triode-Like Facial Masks for Skincare

The cosmetics industry has a worrying impact on the environment, including the plastics used in products and packaging and environmentally unfriendly additives. In this study, we present an environment-friendly triode-like facial mask (TFM) that utilizes only green and degradable raw materials, nontoxic and harmless solvents, and electric energy to achieve distinct switchable directional water transport properties, avoids a wet storage environment, and reduces excessive packaging. The TFM demonstrates droplet stability when not in contact with the skin while facilitating rapid liquid transfer (15 μL) within durations of 2.8 s (dry skin) and 1.9 s (moist skin) upon contact. We elucidate the underlying mechanism behind this triode-like behavior, emphasizing the synergistic interaction of the wettability gradient, Gibbs pinning, and additional circumferential capillary force. Moreover, the TFM exhibits a reduction in the proportion of aging cells, decreasing from 44.33 to 13.75%, while simultaneously providing antibacterial and skin-beautifying effects. The TFM brings a novel experience while also holding the potential to reduce environmental pollution in the production, packaging, use, and recycling of cosmetics products.