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Wang PX, Mu XN, Huang SH, Hu K, Sun ZG. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of oroxylin A in cancer therapy: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176452. [PMID: 38417609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Seeking an effective and safe scheme is the common goal of clinical treatment of tumor patients. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has attracted more and more attention in order to discover new drugs with good anti-tumor effects. Oroxylin A (OA) is a compound found in natural Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi plants and has been used in the treatment of various cancers. Studies have shown that OA has a wide range of powerful biological activities and plays an important role in neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-allergy, anti-tumor and so on. OA shows high efficacy in tumor treatment. Therefore, it has attracted great attention of researchers all over the world. This review aims to discuss the anti-tumor effects of OA from the aspects of cell cycle arrest, induction of cell proliferation and apoptosis, induction of autophagy, anti-inflammation, inhibition of glycolysis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and reversal of drug resistance. In addition, the safety and toxicity of the compound were also discussed. As a next step, to clarify the benefits and adverse effects of Oroxylin A in cancer patients further experiments, especially clinical trials, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Xin Wang
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China; Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Mu
- Health Care (& Geriatrics) Ward 1, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Shu-Hong Huang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
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Yu B, Gao Q, Sheng S, Zhou F, Geng Z, Wei Y, Zhang H, Hu Y, Wang S, Huang J, Li M, Su J. Smart osteoclasts targeted nanomedicine based on amorphous CaCO 3 for effective osteoporosis reversal. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:153. [PMID: 38580995 PMCID: PMC10996086 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is characterized by an imbalance in bone homeostasis, resulting in the excessive dissolution of bone minerals due to the acidified microenvironment mediated by overactive osteoclasts. Oroxylin A (ORO), a natural flavonoid, has shown potential in reversing osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The limited water solubility and lack of targeting specificity hinder the effective accumulation of Oroxylin A within the pathological environment of osteoporosis. RESULTS Osteoclasts' microenvironment-responsive nanoparticles are prepared by incorporating Oroxylin A with amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and coated with glutamic acid hexapeptide-modified phospholipids, aiming at reinforcing the drug delivery efficiency as well as therapeutic effect. The obtained smart nanoparticles, coined as OAPLG, could instantly neutralize acid and release Oroxylin A in the extracellular microenvironment of osteoclasts. The combination of Oroxylin A and ACC synergistically inhibits osteoclast formation and activity, leading to a significant reversal of systemic bone loss in the ovariectomized mice model. CONCLUSION The work highlights an intelligent nanoplatform based on ACC for spatiotemporally controlled release of lipophilic drugs, and illustrates prominent therapeutic promise against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qianmin Gao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shihao Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Zhen Geng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, China.
| | - Jianping Huang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Tuli HS, Garg VK, Kumar A, Aggarwal D, Anand U, Parashar NC, Saini AK, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Kumar M, Singh T, Kaur J, Sak K. Anticancer potential of oroxylin A: from mechanistic insight to synergistic perspectives. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:191-212. [PMID: 36214865 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Oroxylin A (OA), a well-known constituent of the root of Scutellariae plants, has been used in ethnomedicine already for centuries in treating various neoplastic disorders. However, only recent molecular studies have revealed the different mechanisms behind its action, demonstrating antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and proapoptotic effects, restricting also the spread of cancer cells to distant organs. A variety of cellular targets and modulated signal transduction pathways regulated by OA have been determined in diverse cells derived from different malignant tissues. In this review article, these anticancer activities are thoroughly described, representing OA as a potential lead structure for the design of novel more potent anticancer medicines. In addition, co-effects of this natural compound with conventional anticancer agents are analyzed and the advantages provided by nanotechnological methods for more efficient application of OA are discussed. In this way, OA might represent an excellent example of using ethnopharmacological knowledge for designing modern medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar , 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, 758002, Odisha, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala 134007, Haryana, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Daimary UD, Kumar A, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Modulation of diverse oncogenic signaling pathways by oroxylin A: An important strategy for both cancer prevention and treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154369. [PMID: 35985182 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of major advances in diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies, cancer is still a foreboding cause due to factors like chemoresistance, radioresistance, adverse side effects and cancer recurrence. Therefore, continuous development of unconventional approaches is a prerequisite to overcome foregoing glitches. Natural products have found their way into treatment of serious health conditions, including cancer since ancient times. The compound oroxylin A (OA) is one among those with enormous potential against different malignancies. It is a flavonoid obtained from the several plants such as Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis and S. lateriflora, Anchietea pyrifolia, and Aster himalaicus. PURPOSE The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively elucidate the anticancerous effects of OA against various malignancies and unravel their chemosensitization and radiosensitization potential. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of OA have also been investigated. METHOD The literature on antineoplastic effects of OA was searched in PubMed and Scopus, including in vitro and in vivo studies and is summarized based on a systematic review protocol prepared according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The term "oroxylin A" was used in combination with "cancer" and all the title, abstracts and keywords appeared were considered. RESULTS In Scopus, a total of 157 articles appeared out of which 103 articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria were eliminated and 54 were critically evaluated. In PubMed, from the 85 results obtained, 26 articles were eliminated and 59 were included in the preparation of this review. Mounting number of studies have illustrated the anticancer effects of OA, and its mechanism of action. CONCLUSION OA is a promising natural flavonoid possessing wide range of pleiotropic properties and is a potential anticancer agent. It has a great potential in the treatment of multiple cancers including brain, breast, cervical, colon, esophageal, gall bladder, gastric, hematological, liver, lung, oral, ovarian, pancreatic and skin. However, lack of pharmacokinetic studies, toxicity assessments, and dose standardization studies and adverse effects limit the optimization of this compound as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Girisa S, Devanarayanan TN, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sil SK, Sethi G, Chen JT, Kunnumakkara AB. Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091185. [PMID: 36139025 PMCID: PMC9496116 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-α, TGF-ꞵ, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1α, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Samir Kumar Sil
- Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
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Mehrpouri M. The contributory roles of the CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in normal and malignant hematopoiesis: A possible therapeutic target in hematologic malignancies. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pan D, Yang W, Zeng Y, Li W, Wang K, Zhao L, Li J, Ye Y, Guo Q. AKR1C3 decreased CML sensitivity to Imatinib in bone marrow microenvironment via dysregulation of miR-379-5p. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110038. [PMID: 33984486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is an important cause of death for most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The bone marrow microenvironment is believed to be mainly responsible for resistance to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The mechanism involved, however, is still unclear. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis from GEO database of AKR1C3 was utilized to identify the AKR1C3 expression in CML cells under bone marrow microenvironment. Western blot and qPCR were performed to detect the AKR1C3 expression in two CML cell lines K562 and KU812 cultured +/- bone microenvironment derived stromal cells. CCK-8, soft agar colony assay, and Annexin V/PI assay were performed to detect the sensitivity of CML cells (K562 and KU812) to Imatinib under a gain of or loss of function of AKR1C3 treatment. The CML murine model intravenous inoculated with K562-OE-vector and K562-OE-AKR1C3 cells were established to estimate the effect of AKR1C3 inhibitor Indomethacin on Imatinib resistance. The bioinformatic analysis of miRNA databases was used to predict the potential miRNAs targeting AKR1C3. And the luciferase assay was utilized to validate the target relationship between miR-379-5p and AKR1C3. And, the soft agar colony assay and Annexin V/PI were used to validate the effect of miR-379-5p in AKR1C3 induced Imatinib resistance. RESULTS In present study, we investigated AKR1C3 was highly expressed in CML under bone marrow microenvironment. AKR1C3 decreased Imatinib activity in K562 and KU812 cells, while inhibition of AKR1C3 could enhance Imatinib sensitivity in vitro study. Furthermore, murine model results showed combination use of AKR1C3 inhibitor Indomethacin effectively prolong mice survival, indicating that AKR1C3 is a promising target to enhance Imatinib treatment. Mechanically, AKR1C3 was found to be suppressed by miR-379-5p, which was down-expression in bone marrow microenvironment. Besides, we found miR-379-5p could bind AKR1C3 3'UTR but not degrade its mRNA level. Further, gain of miR-379-5p rescued the imatinib resistance induced by AKR1C3 overexpression in CML cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our study identifies a novel signaling regulation of miR-379-5p/AKR1C3/EKR axis in regulating IM resistance in CML cell, and provides a scientific base for exploring AKR1C3 as a biomarker in impeding IM resistance in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Pan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Wanwan Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaizhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Li
- Pathology and PDX efficacy center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Pathology and PDX efficacy center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Determination of Potential Therapeutic Targets and Prognostic Markers of Ovarian Cancer by Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8883800. [PMID: 33829065 PMCID: PMC8004373 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8883800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study is to study the expression of CXCRs in ovarian cancer tissues and their value in prognosis. The expressions of CXCR1-CXCR7 mRNA between ovarian tumor tissues and normal tissues and in different pathological types of ovarian tumor tissues were compared by ONCOMINE online tool. The relationship between the expression of CXCRs and clinical pathological staging was studied by GEPIA. Kaplan-Meier plotter online tool was used to analyze prognosis. Finally, GO and KEGG analyses and protein interaction network analysis were performed for CXCRs by the DAVID software to predict their function, and cBioPortal was used to identify the key functional genes. The expression of CXCR3/4/7 mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues was higher than that in normal ovarian tissues, and the expression of CXCR4 was the highest (fold change = 306.413, P < 0.05). The expression of CXCR1/2/3/4/7 mRNA in different pathological types of ovarian tumors was significantly different (P < 0.05). Only CXCR5 expression level was associated with tumor staging. Survival analysis showed that high CXCR7 mRNA expression and low CXCR5/6 expression were associated with the shortening of overall survival. High CXCR4/7 expression and low CXCR5/6 expression were associated with the shortening of progression-free survival. High CXCR2/4 expression and low CXCR5/6 expression were closely related to the shortening of postprogressing survival. Protein interaction network analysis showed that GNB1, PTK2, MAPK1, PIK3CA, GNB4, GNA11, KNG1, and ARNT proteins were closely related to the CXC receptor family. CXCR3/4/7 are potential therapeutic targets, and CXCR2/4/5/6/7 are new markers for the prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Cao H, Gao Y, Wang R, Guo Q, Hui H. Wogonin reverses the drug resistance of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells to imatinib through CXCL12-CXCR4/7 axis in bone marrow microenvironment. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1046. [PMID: 33145265 PMCID: PMC7575956 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background In the current study, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells (K562 and KU812) co-cultured with human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were significantly less sensitive to imatinib (IM). The activation of the CXCL12-CXCR4/7 axis plays an important role in the protective effect of the bone marrow microenvironment (BME) on CML cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Wogonin could increase the sensitivity of CML cells to IM when they were co-cultured with BME and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods A model of CML cells co-cultured with BMSCs was applied in vitro. Flow cytometric, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR assays were used to explore the protective effects of BME on CML cells. Results The results showed that Wogonin could reverse the resistance of CML cells to IM under co-culture conditions by inhibiting Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) secretion in the BME, preventing the translocation of Smad4 into nucleus and subsequently reducing the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in CML cells. Moreover, the reverse effect of Wogonin was demonstrated by inhibiting the activation of CXCL12-CXCR4/7 axis via restraining the TGF-β/Smad4/Id3 pathway in vitro. In vivo studies also showed that Wogonin decreased the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in mice bone marrow with low systemic toxicity, and the mechanism was consistent with the in vitro study. Conclusions Wogonin increases the sensitivity of CML cells to IM in BME by controlling the TGF-β/Smad4/Id3 pathway and decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7. These results co-supported the point that Wogonin could be a potential candidate of reversal agents on treatment of IM-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu Y, Wang X, Li W, Xu Y, Zhuo Y, Li M, He Y, Wang X, Guo Q, Zhao L, Qiang L. Oroxylin A reverses hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance through inhibiting HIF-1α mediated XPC transcription. Oncogene 2020; 39:6893-6905. [PMID: 32978517 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a key concern during the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) has been associated with increased tumor resistance to therapeutic modalities such as cisplatin. Compensatory activation of nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway is the major mechanism that accounts for cisplatin resistance. In the present study, we suggest a novel strategy to improve the treatment of NSCLC and overcome the hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance by cotreatment with Oroxylin A, one of the main bioactive flavonoids of Scutellariae radix. Based on the preliminary screening, we found that xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC), an important DNA damage recognition protein involved in NER, dramatically increased in hypoxic condition and contributed to hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance. Further data suggested that Oroxylin A significantly reversed the hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance through directly binding to HIF-1α bHLH-PAS domain and blocking its binding to HRE3 transcription factor binding sites on XPC promoter which is important to hypoxia-induced XPC transcription. Taken together, our findings not only demonstrate a crucial role of XPC dependent NER in hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance, but also suggest a previously unrecognized tumor suppressive mechanism of Oroxylin A in NSCLC which through sensitization of cisplatin-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenshu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yating Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Wang
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lei Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Ding Y, Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhang H, Yang Y, Qin H, Xu Q, Zhao L. Oroxylin A reversed Fibronectin-induced glioma insensitivity to Temozolomide by suppressing IP 3R1/AKT/β-catenin pathway. Life Sci 2020; 260:118411. [PMID: 32918978 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cell adhesion mediated-drug resistance (CAM-DR) is one of main reasons for. the limitation to chemotherapy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear in glioma. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of CAM-DR induced by Fibronectin (Fn). Besides, we studied the reversal effect of Oroxylin A, a natural flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria radix, on Temozolomide (TMZ) insensitivity of glioma cells. MAIN METHODS Human Fn protein was used to mimic cell adhesion model and investigate its effect on the insensitivity of glioma cells to TMZ. Moreover, Oroxylin A was studied regarding its reversal effect on TMZ insensitivity of glioma via multiple molecular biological methods such as MTT, cell apoptosis assay, siRNA transfection, western blot, immunofluorescence assay. KEY FINDINGS Fn could decrease the apoptosis-inducing effect of TMZ and led to the CAM-DR in glioma cells. Further studies showed that up-regulations of IP3R1 and intracellular Ca2+ level induced the activation of AKT kinase which increased the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and subsequently caused the entry of β-catenin into the nucleus. Knocking down IP3R1 significantly improved the sensitivity of glioma cells to TMZ. Meanwhile, after treatment with low-toxic concentration of Oroxylin A, the apoptosis induced by TMZ under Fn condition increased dramatically. Furthermore, our results revealed that Oroxylin A markedly inhibited the expression of IP3R1 and the activation of AKT/β-catenin pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Oroxylin A could reverse the insensitivity of TMZ via suppressing IP3R1/AKT/β-catenin pathway and it might be helpful for enhancing the anti-cancer effect of TMZ in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiang Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - You Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhaohe Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Hongkun Qin
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Qingxiang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated to Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
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12
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Corrigendum. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:248-249. [PMID: 31908063 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Xun Y, Yang H, Li J, Wu F, Liu F. CXC Chemokine Receptors in the Tumor Microenvironment and an Update of Antagonist Development. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:1-40. [PMID: 32816229 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors, a diverse group within the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, are frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors. Ligand binding activates multiple downstream signal transduction cascades that drive tumor growth and metastasis, resulting in poor clinical outcome. These receptors are thus considered promising targets for anti-tumor therapy. This article reviews recent studies on the expression and function of CXC chemokine receptors in various tumor microenvironments and recent developments in cancer therapy using CXC chemokine receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiekai Li
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fuling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.
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14
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Chae HS, Xu R, Won JY, Chin YW, Yim H. Molecular Targets of Genistein and Its Related Flavonoids to Exert Anticancer Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2420. [PMID: 31100782 PMCID: PMC6566427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased health awareness among the public has highlighted the health benefits of dietary supplements including flavonoids. As flavonoids target several critical factors to exert a variety of biological effects, studies to identify their target-specific effects have been conducted. Herein, we discuss the basic structures of flavonoids and their anticancer activities in relation to the specific biological targets acted upon by these flavonoids. Flavonoids target several signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT kinase, and metastasis. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) has been recognized as a valuable target in cancer treatment due to the prognostic implication of PLK1 in cancer patients and its clinical relevance between the overexpression of PLK1 and the reduced survival rates of several carcinoma patients. Recent studies suggest that several flavonoids, including genistein directly inhibit PLK1 inhibitory activity. Later, we focus on the anticancer effects of genistein through inhibition of PLK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea.
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea.
| | - Jae-Yeon Won
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea.
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea.
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea.
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15
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Cao H, Li W, Zhou Y, Tan R, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Guo Q, Zhao L. Oroxylin a Inhibits the Protection of Bone Marrow Microenvironment on CML Cells Through CXCL12/CXCR4/P-gp Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2019; 9:188. [PMID: 31024831 PMCID: PMC6463784 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib (IM) resistance could have significant impact on the survival time of the CML-patients treated with IM. Previous studies have shown that the protective effects of the bone marrow stroma cells (BMSCs) on CML cells are achieved by the secretion of CXCL12. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Oroxylin A could reverse the protective effect of BMSCs on CML cells and illuminate the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CXCL12 could enhance the resistance potential of K562 and KU812 cells to IM by increasing the expression of CXCR4, thus promoting the translocation of β-catenin into nucleus and subsequently increasing the expression of P-gp in K562 and KU812 cells. What's more, IM resistance could also be partially reversed by CXCR4 siRNA transfection. Moreover, the reverse effect of IM resistance by Oroxylin A was demonstrated by the inhibition of β-catenin/P-gp pathway via the decrease of CXCR4 in vitro. The in vivo study also showed that Oroxylin A could decrease the expression of P-gp and β-catenin in mice bone marrow with low toxicity, which could be consistent with the mechanisms verified in vitro studies. In conclusion, all these results showed that Oroxylin A improved the sensitivity of K562 and KU812 cells to IM in BM microenvironment by decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and then inhibiting β-catenin/P-gp pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renxiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - You Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Abstract
Although miR-101 is involved in the development and progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this article, we report that miR-101 expression was inversely correlated with CX chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) level in T-ALL. Introducing miR-101 inhibited T-ALL cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. CXCR7 was identified as a direct target of miR-101. The inhibitory effects of miR-101 were mimicked and counteracted by CXCR7 depletion and overexpression, respectively. Mechanistically, miR-101 targets CXCR7/STAT3 axis to reduce T-ALL growth and metastasis. Overall, these findings implied the potential application of miR-101 and CXCR7 in T-ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yi Yang
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ye Sheng
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
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17
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ZHOU Y, CAO HB, LI WJ, ZHAO L. The CXCL12 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 chemokine axis: Oncogenic properties, molecular targeting, and synthetic and natural product CXCR4 inhibitors for cancer therapy. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:801-810. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Lee NH, Nikfarjam M, He H. Functions of the CXC ligand family in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Pancreatology 2018; 18:705-716. [PMID: 30078614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance is the major contributor to the poor prognosis of and low survival from pancreatic cancer (PC). Cancer progression is a complex process reliant on interactions between the tumor and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Members of the CXCL family of chemokines are present in the pancreatic TME and seem to play a vital role in regulating PC progression. As pancreatic tumors interact with the TME and with PC stem cells (CSCs), determining the roles of specific members of the CXCL family is vital to the development of improved therapies. This review highlights the roles of selected CXCLs in the interactions between pancreatic tumor and its stroma, and in CSC phenotypes, which can be used to identify potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Hung Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mehrdad Nikfarjam
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong He
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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19
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AS1041, a Novel Synthesized Derivative of Marine Natural Compound Aspergiolide A, Arrests Cell Cycle, Induces Apoptosis, and Inhibits ERK Activation in K562 Cells. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110346. [PMID: 29113054 PMCID: PMC5706036 DOI: 10.3390/md15110346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AS1041 is a novel synthesized anthraquinone lactone derivative of marine natural compound aspergiolide A (ASP-A) with new structure skeleton and marked cytotoxicity in cancer cells. To study its cytotoxicity in detail, we evaluated its activity on human K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells and investigated the related molecule mechanisms. AS1041 significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of K562 cells. Moreover, AS1041 arrested cell cycle progression at G2/M phase in a concentration-dependent manner, and also caused concentration- and time-dependent induction of apoptosis. In addition, the molecular mechanisms investigation showed that AS1041 did not localize in the cellular nucleus and did not affect topoisomerases I or II. However, AS1041 could inactivate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and contribute to AS1041-induced apoptosis. We concluded that AS1041 was cytotoxic to K562 leukemia cells and the cytotoxicity related to the cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and ERK inhibition. These results implied that AS1041 was a novel derivative of ASP-A with significant cytotoxicity to chronic myelogenous leukemia cells and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer and leukemia.
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20
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Han Y, Wu C, Wang J, Liu N. CXCR7 maintains osteosarcoma invasion after CXCR4 suppression in bone marrow microenvironment. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317701631. [PMID: 28468584 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The major cause of death in osteosarcoma is the invasion and metastasis. Better understanding of the molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma invasion is essential in developing effective tumor-suppressive therapies. Interaction between chemokine receptors plays a crucial role in regulating osteosarcoma invasion. Here, we investigated the relationship between CXCR7 and CXCR4 in osteosarcoma invasion induced by bone marrow microenvironment. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with osteosarcoma cells to mimic actual bone marrow microenvironment. Osteosarcoma cell invasion and CXCL12/CXCR4 activation were observed within this co-culture model. Interestingly, in this co-culture model, osteosarcoma cell invasion was not inhibited by suppressing CXCR4 expression with neutralizing antibody or specific inhibitor AMD3100. Downstream signaling extracellular signal-regulated kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were not significantly affected by CXCR4 inhibition. However, suppressing CXCR4 led to CXCR7 upregulation. Constitutive expression of CXCR7 could maintain osteosarcoma cell invasion when CXCR4 was suppressed. Simultaneously, inhibiting CXCR4 and CXCR7 compromised osteosarcoma invasion in co-culture system and suppressed extracellular signal-regulated kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signals. Moreover, bone marrow microenvironment, not CXCL12 alone, is required for CXCR7 activation after CXCR4 suppression. Taken together, suppressing CXCR4 is not enough to impede osteosarcoma invasion in bone marrow microenvironment since CXCR7 is activated to sustain invasion. Therefore, inhibiting both CXCR4 and CXCR7 could be a promising strategy in controlling osteosarcoma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- 2 Department of Traditional Medical Traumatology Orthopedics, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, P.R. China
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