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Zhang T, Chancellor A, Liem B, Turner C, Hutchinson D, Wong E, Glamuzina E, Hong JB, Cleland J, Child N, Roxburgh RH, Patel S, Lee YC, Liao YC, Anderson NE. Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease in New Zealand: A novel discovery. J Neurol Sci 2024; 460:122987. [PMID: 38579412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.122987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, caused by a GGC repeat expansion in the 5'-untranslated region of NOTCH2NLC, is a rare neurodegenerative condition with highly variable clinical manifestations. In recent years, the number of reported cases have increased dramatically in East Asia. We report the first four genetically confirmed cases of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease in New Zealand, all having Polynesian ancestry (three New Zealand Māori and one Cook Island Māori). Phenotypically, they resemble cases reported from recent large East Asian cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Andrew Chancellor
- Tauranga Hospital, New Zealand Te Whatu Ora Hauora a Toi, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand
| | - Bernard Liem
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clinton Turner
- Department of Anatomical Pathology and Cytology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Hutchinson
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edward Wong
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emma Glamuzina
- Adult and Paediatric Metabolic Service, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jae Beom Hong
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James Cleland
- Tauranga Hospital, New Zealand Te Whatu Ora Hauora a Toi, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Child
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard H Roxburgh
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shilpan Patel
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Neil E Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
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Bruno MK, Matsunaga M, Krening E, Nakagawa K, Chen JJ, Seto T, Gao F, Tanner C, Ross GW. Racial disparities in hospitalization characteristics among Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders and Asian American subgroups with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 121:106018. [PMID: 38359475 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences among Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NHPI) and Asian American (AA) subgroups have not been adequately studied in Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To determine differences in demographics, comorbidities, and healthcare utilization among NHPI, AA subgroups, and White hospitalized PD patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of Hawai'is statewide registry (2016-2020). Patients with PD were identified using ICD10 code G20 and categorized as White, Japanese, Filipino, Chinese, NHPI, or Other. Variables collected included: age, sex, residence (county), primary source of payment, discharge status, length of stay, in-hospital expiration, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) utilization. Bivariate analyses were performed: differences in age and CCI were further examined by multivariable linear regression and proportional odds models. RESULTS Of 229,238 hospitalizations, 2428 had PD (Japanese: 31.3 %, White: 30.4 %, Filipino: 11.3 %, NHPI: 9.6 %, Chinese: 8.0 %). NHPI were younger compared to rest of the subgroups [estimate in years (95 % CI): Whites: 4.4 (3.0-5.8), Filipinos: 4.3 (2.7-5.9), Japanese: 7.7 (6.4-9.1), Chinese: 7.9 (6.1-9.7), p < 0.001)]. NHPI had a higher CCI compared to White, Japanese, and Chinese (p < 0.001). Among AA subgroups, Filipinos were younger and had a higher CCI compared to Japanese and Chinese (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in DBS utilization among subgroups. CONCLUSIONS NHPI and Filipinos with PD were hospitalized at a younger age and had a greater comorbidity burden compared to other AAs and Whites. Further research, ideally prospective studies, are needed to understand these racial disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kimura Bruno
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Masako Matsunaga
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Kazuma Nakagawa
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - John J Chen
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Todd Seto
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Fay Gao
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - G Webster Ross
- Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, VA Pacific Islands Health Care System, USA
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Bruno MK, Matsunaga M, Krening E, Gao F, Chen JJ, Seto T, Ross GW. The Prevalence of Hospitalized Parkinson's Disease Patients in All Case Hospitalization among Different Race/Ethnic Subgroups in Hawaii. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:725-735. [PMID: 38607763 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Little is known about the epidemiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in Native Hawaiian Or Other Pacific Islander (NHPI) and Asian American (AA) subgroups. Objective To determine if the prevalence of hospitalized PD patients is different across age groups and racial/ethnic subgroups in Hawaii. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of Hawaii statewide registry (2016-2020) hospitalization data for patients who were 50 years or older. PD patients were identified using an ICD 10 code: Parkinson's Disease (G20) as their primary/secondary hospitalization discharge diagnosis code. Demographic and clinical characteristics among racial/ethnic subgroups (White, Japanese, Filipino, Chinese, NHPI, or Other) were compared. Results Of 146,844 total hospitalized patients (n = 429,879 records), 1.6% (n = 2,401) had a PD diagnosis. The prevalence of hospitalized PD patients was 2.3% among Japanese and Chinese, followed by 1.7% for Whites, 1.2% for Filipinos and was lowest for NHPI with 0.9% (p < 0.001). As patient's age increased, the prevalence of hospitalized PD patients increased, with 80-84 years old for the highest age range (3.4%). The prevalence of hospitalized PD patients at 80-84 years old varied across the race/ethnic subgroups (Chinese 4.3%, Japanese 4.0%, Whites 3.7%, Filipinos 2.5%, NHPI 2.3%). Conclusions The prevalence of hospitalized PD patients among all case hospitalizations were lower for NHPI and Filipino compared to that of Japanese, Chinese, and Whites. As patients' age increased, the prevalence of hospitalized patients with PD increased, but less so in NHPI and Filipino groups. Further research is warranted to understand the reason for these observed differences among racial/ethnic subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kimura Bruno
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- University of Hawaii John A, Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Masako Matsunaga
- University of Hawaii John A, Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Fay Gao
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- University of Hawaii John A, Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - John J Chen
- University of Hawaii John A, Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Todd Seto
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- University of Hawaii John A, Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - G Webster Ross
- Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, VA Pacific Islands Health CareSystem, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Koros C, Bougea A, Simitsi AM, Papagiannakis N, Angelopoulou E, Pachi I, Antonelou R, Bozi M, Stamelou M, Stefanis L. The Landscape of Monogenic Parkinson's Disease in Populations of Non-European Ancestry: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2097. [PMID: 38003040 PMCID: PMC10671808 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There has been a bias in the existing literature on Parkinson's disease (PD) genetics as most studies involved patients of European ancestry, mostly in Europe and North America. Our target was to review published research data on the genetic profile of PD patients of non-European or mixed ancestry. METHODS We reviewed articles published during the 2000-2023 period, focusing on the genetic status of PD patients of non-European origin (Indian, East and Central Asian, Latin American, sub-Saharan African and Pacific islands). RESULTS There were substantial differences regarding monogenic PD forms between patients of European and non-European ancestry. The G2019S Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutation was rather scarce in non-European populations. In contrast, East Asian patients carried different mutations like p.I2020T, which is common in Japan. Parkin (PRKN) variants had a global distribution, being common in early-onset PD in Indians, in East Asians, and in early-onset Mexicans. Furthermore, they were occasionally present in Black African PD patients. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and PD protein 7 (DJ-1) variants were described in Indian, East Asian and Pacific Islands populations. Glucocerebrosidase gene variants (GBA1), which represent an important predisposing factor for PD, were found in East and Southeast Asian and Indian populations. Different GBA1 variants have been reported in Black African populations and Latin Americans. CONCLUSIONS Existing data reveal a pronounced heterogeneity in the genetic background of PD. A number of common variants in populations of European ancestry appeared to be absent or scarce in patients of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Large-scale studies that include genetic screening in African, Asian or Latin American populations are underway. The outcomes of such efforts will facilitate further clinical studies and will possibly contribute to the identification of either new pathogenic mutations in already described genes or novel PD-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koros
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Papagiannakis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioanna Pachi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Roubina Antonelou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Bozi
- Dafni Psychiatric Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
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Moors J, Krishnan M, Sumpter N, Takei R, Bixley M, Cadzow M, Major TJ, Phipps-Green A, Topless R, Merriman M, Rutledge M, Morgan B, Carlson JC, Zhang JZ, Russell EM, Sun G, Cheng H, Weeks DE, Naseri T, Reupena MS, Viali S, Tuitele J, Hawley NL, Deka R, McGarvey ST, de Zoysa J, Murphy R, Dalbeth N, Stamp L, Taumoepeau M, King F, Wilcox P, Rapana N, McCormick S, Minster RL, Merriman TR, Leask M. A Polynesian -specific missense CETP variant alters the lipid profile. HGG ADVANCES 2023; 4:100204. [PMID: 37250494 PMCID: PMC10209881 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying population-specific genetic variants associated with disease and disease-predisposing traits is important to provide insights into the genetic determinants of health and disease between populations, as well as furthering genomic justice. Various common pan-population polymorphisms at CETP associate with serum lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease. Here, sequencing of CETP identified a missense variant rs1597000001 (p.Pro177Leu) specific to Māori and Pacific people that associates with higher HDL-C and lower LDL-C levels. Each copy of the minor allele associated with higher HDL-C by 0.236 mmol/L and lower LDL-C by 0.133 mmol/L. The rs1597000001 effect on HDL-C is comparable with CETP Mendelian loss-of-function mutations that result in CETP deficiency, consistent with our data, which shows that rs1597000001 lowers CETP activity by 27.9%. This study highlights the potential of population-specific genetic analyses for improving equity in genomics and health outcomes for population groups underrepresented in genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaye Moors
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mohanraj Krishnan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nick Sumpter
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Riku Takei
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Matt Bixley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Murray Cadzow
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tanya J. Major
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Ruth Topless
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Marilyn Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Malcolm Rutledge
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ben Morgan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jenna C. Carlson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerry Z. Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily M. Russell
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guangyun Sun
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa
- International Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | - John Tuitele
- Department of Public Health, Lyndon B. Johnson Tropical Medical Center, Faga’alu, American Samoa, USA
| | - Nicola L. Hawley
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ranjan Deka
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephen T. McGarvey
- International Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Janak de Zoysa
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Stamp
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mele Taumoepeau
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Frances King
- Ngāti Porou Hauora, Te Puia Springs, New Zealand
| | - Phillip Wilcox
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nuku Rapana
- Pukapukan Community Centre, Māngere, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ryan L. Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tony R. Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Megan Leask
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Jagota P, Lim S, Pal PK, Lee J, Kukkle PL, Fujioka S, Shang H, Phokaewvarangkul O, Bhidayasiri R, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Ugawa Y, Aldaajani Z, Jeon B, Diesta C, Shambetova C, Lin C. Genetic Movement Disorders Commonly Seen in Asians. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:878-895. [PMID: 37332644 PMCID: PMC10272919 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing availability of molecular genetic testing has changed the landscape of both genetic research and clinical practice. Not only is the pace of discovery of novel disease-causing genes accelerating but also the phenotypic spectra associated with previously known genes are expanding. These advancements lead to the awareness that some genetic movement disorders may cluster in certain ethnic populations and genetic pleiotropy may result in unique clinical presentations in specific ethnic groups. Thus, the characteristics, genetics and risk factors of movement disorders may differ between populations. Recognition of a particular clinical phenotype, combined with information about the ethnic origin of patients could lead to early and correct diagnosis and assist the development of future personalized medicine for patients with these disorders. Here, the Movement Disorders in Asia Task Force sought to review genetic movement disorders that are commonly seen in Asia, including Wilson's disease, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) types 12, 31, and 36, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, PLA2G6-related parkinsonism, adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We also review common disorders seen worldwide with specific mutations or presentations that occur frequently in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Jagota
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
| | - Shen‐Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of NeurologyNational Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS)BengaluruIndia
| | - Jee‐Young Lee
- Department of NeurologySeoul Metropolitan Government‐Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement DisordersManipal HospitalBangaloreIndia
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders ClinicBangaloreIndia
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University, Faculty of MedicineFukuokaJapan
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases CenterWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Onanong Phokaewvarangkul
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
| | - Roongroj Bhidayasiri
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of ThailandBangkokThailand
| | - Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Deprtment of Human Neurophysiology, Faculty of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Zakiyah Aldaajani
- Neurology Unit, King Fahad Military Medical ComplexDhahranSaudi Arabia
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Movement Disorder CenterSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cid Diesta
- Section of Neurology, Department of NeuroscienceMakati Medical Center, NCRMakatiPhilippines
| | | | - Chin‐Hsien Lin
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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7
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Mehanna R, Smilowska K, Fleisher J, Post B, Hatano T, Pimentel Piemonte ME, Kumar KR, McConvey V, Zhang B, Tan E, Savica R. Age Cutoff for Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease: Recommendations from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Early Onset Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 9:869-878. [PMID: 36247919 PMCID: PMC9547138 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)/young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as Parkinson's disease (PD) with an age at onset (AAO) after age 21 years but before the usual AAO for PD. Consensus is lacking, and the reported maximal age for EOPD/YOPD has varied from 40 to 60 years, leading to a lack of uniformity in published studies and difficulty in harmonization of data. EOPD and YOPD have both been used in the literature, somewhat interchangeably. Objective To define the nomenclature and AAO cutoff for EOPD/YOPD. Methods An extensive review of the literature and task force meetings were conducted. Conclusions were reached by consensus. Results First, the literature has seen a shift from the use of YOPD toward EOPD. This seems motivated by an attempt to avoid age-related stigmatization of patients. Second, in defining EOPD, 56% of the countries use 50 or 51 years as the cutoff age. Third, the majority of international genetic studies in PD use an age cutoff of younger than 50 years to define EOPD. Fourth, many studies suggest that changes in the estrogen level can affect the predisposition to develop PD, making the average age at menopause of 50 years an important factor to consider when defining EOPD. Fifth, considering the differential impact of the AAO of PD on professional and social life, using 50 years as the upper cutoff for the definition of EOPD seems reasonable. Conclusions This task force recommends the use of EOPD rather than YOPD. It defines EOPD as PD with AAO after 21 years but before 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Mehanna
- UTMove, Departement of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Katarzyna Smilowska
- Department of NeurologySilesian Center of NeurologyKatowicePoland
- Department of Neurology5th Regional HospitalSosnowiecPoland
| | - Jori Fleisher
- Department of Neurological SciencesRush University School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Bart Post
- Department of NeurologyRadboudumcNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte
- Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational TherapyDepartment, Medical School, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Kishore Raj Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Eng‐King Tan
- Department of NeurologyNational Neuroscience InstituteSingaporeSingapore
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8
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Morales‐Briceno H, Ong TL, Duma SR, Murray N, Pepper EM, Ha A, Tchan MC, Fung VS. Recurrent biallelic p.
L347P
PINK1
variant in Polynesians with Parkinsonism and isolated dopa‐responsive dystonia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 9:696-697. [PMID: 35844286 PMCID: PMC9274338 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Morales‐Briceno
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Tien Lee Ong
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Stephen R. Duma
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Natalia Murray
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Elizabeth M. Pepper
- Department of Neurology John Hunter Hospital, Lookout Road New Lambton NSW 2305
| | - Ainhi Ha
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Michel C. Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Victor S.C. Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Monogenic Parkinson’s Disease: Genotype, Phenotype, Pathophysiology, and Genetic Testing. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030471. [PMID: 35328025 PMCID: PMC8950888 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease may be caused by a single pathogenic variant (monogenic) in 5–10% of cases, but investigation of these disorders provides valuable pathophysiological insights. In this review, we discuss each genetic form with a focus on genotype, phenotype, pathophysiology, and the geographic and ethnic distribution. Well-established Parkinson’s disease genes include autosomal dominant forms (SNCA, LRRK2, and VPS35) and autosomal recessive forms (PRKN, PINK1 and DJ1). Furthermore, mutations in the GBA gene are a key risk factor for Parkinson’s disease, and there have been major developments for X-linked dystonia parkinsonism. Moreover, atypical or complex parkinsonism may be due to mutations in genes such as ATP13A2, DCTN1, DNAJC6, FBXO7, PLA2G6, and SYNJ1. Furthermore, numerous genes have recently been implicated in Parkinson’s disease, such as CHCHD2, LRP10, TMEM230, UQCRC1, and VPS13C. Additionally, we discuss the role of heterozygous mutations in autosomal recessive genes, the effect of having mutations in two Parkinson’s disease genes, the outcome of deep brain stimulation, and the role of genetic testing. We highlight that monogenic Parkinson’s disease is influenced by ethnicity and geographical differences, reinforcing the need for global efforts to pool large numbers of patients and identify novel candidate genes.
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