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Li YY, Yaylayan V, Palin MF, Ngapo TM, Cliche S, Sabik H, Gariépy C. Dual effects of dietary carnosine during in vitro digestion of a Western meal model with added ascorbic acid. J Food Sci 2024; 89:710-726. [PMID: 38146794 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial role of carnosine during in vitro digestion of meat was previously demonstrated, and it was hypothesized that such benefits could also be obtained in a meal system. The current study, therefore, assessed carnosine effects on markers of lipid and protein oxidation and of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during gastric and duodenal in vitro digestion of a burger meal model. The model included intrinsic (low) and enhanced (medium and high) carnosine levels in a mix of pork mince and bread, with or without ascorbic acid (AA) and/or fructose as anti- and prooxidants, respectively. In the presence of either AA or fructose, a carnosine prooxidative potential during digestion was observed at the medium carnosine level depending on markers and digestive phases. However, free carnosine found at the high carnosine level exerted a protective effect reducing the formation of 4-hydroxynonenal in the gastric phase and glyoxal in both the gastric and duodenal phases. Dual effects of carnosine are likely concentration related, whereby at the medium level, free radical production increases through carnosine's ferric-reducing capacity, but there is insufficient quantity to reduce the resulting oxidation, while at the higher carnosine level some decreases in oxidation are observed. In order to obtain carnosine benefits during meal digestion, these findings demonstrate that consideration must be given to the amount and nature of other anti- and prooxidants present and any potential interactions. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Carnosine, a natural compound in meat, is a multifunctional and beneficial molecule for health. However, both pro- and antioxidative effects of carnosine were observed during digestion of a model burger meal when ascorbic acid was included at a supplemental level. Therefore, to obtain benefits of dietary carnosine during digestion of a meal, consideration needs to be given to the amount and nature of all anti- and prooxidants present and any potential interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao Li
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Varoujan Yaylayan
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-France Palin
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Tania M Ngapo
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Cliche
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Hassan Sabik
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Gariépy
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Taj MB, Raheel A, Alelwani W, Alnajeebi AM, Alnoman RB, Javed T. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Thiazolidinone-Triazoles Derivatives as Antidiabetic Agents: Pharmacokinetics, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Antidiabetic Properties. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2023; 93:912-919. [PMID: 37252637 PMCID: PMC10209927 DOI: 10.1134/s1070363223040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry is an eco-friendly and solventless method. In the present study, the surface of a custom-made closed mortar and pestle is used as a catalyst to synthesize thiazolidinone-triazole derivatives successfully. The compounds were subjected to potential antidiabetic activity. The results showed that para-chloro-substituted derivative (9c) is most active with IC50 values of 10±1.56. All three compounds 9a-9c with a maximum of 20% inhibition for ALR1 represent superior selectivity toward the targeted ALR2 to act as a lead in the search for new antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Taj
- Institute of Chemistry, Islamia University Bahawalpur, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - A. Raheel
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-e-Azam University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - W. Alelwani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. M. Alnajeebi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R. B. Alnoman
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Taibah University, Yanbu Branch, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - T. Javed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, 57000 Sahiwal, Pakistan
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Sun L, Chopra P, Boons G. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides having a Domain Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211112. [PMID: 36148891 PMCID: PMC9828060 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) has a domain structure in which regions that are modified by epimerization and sulfonation (NS domains) are interspersed by unmodified fragments (NA domains). There is data to support that domain organization of HS can regulate binding of proteins, however, such model has been difficult to probe. Here, we report a chemoenzymatic methodology that can provide HS oligosaccharides composed of two or more NS domains separated by NA domains of different length. It is based on the chemical synthesis of a HS oligosaccharide that enzymatically was extended by various GlcA-GlcNAc units and terminated in GlcNAc having an azido moiety at C-6 position. HS oligosaccharides having an azide and alkyne moiety could be assembled by copper catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition to give compounds having various NS domains separated by unsulfonated regions. Competition binding studies showed that the length of an NA domain modulates the binding of the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Sun
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Pradeep Chopra
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA-30602USA
| | - Geert‐Jan Boons
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands,Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA-30602USA,Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityUtrecht (TheNetherlands,Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA-30602USA
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Li X, Fargue S, Challa AK, Poore W, Knight J, Wood KD. Generation of a GLO-2 deficient mouse reveals its effects on liver carbonyl and glutathione levels. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101138. [PMID: 34584990 PMCID: PMC8453187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (aka as GLO-2) is a component of the glyoxalase pathway involved in the detoxification of the reactive oxoaldehydes, glyoxal and methylglyoxal. These reactive metabolites have been linked to a variety of pathological conditions, including diabetes, cancer and heart disease and may be involved in the aging process. The objective of this study was to generate a mouse model deficient in GLO-2 to provide insight into the function of GLO-2 and to determine if it is potentially linked to endogenous oxalate synthesis which could influence urinary oxalate excretion. Methods A GLO-2 knock out mouse was generated using CRISPR/Cas 9 techniques. Tissue and 24-h urine samples were collected under baseline conditions from adult male and female animals for biochemical analyses, including chromatographic measurement of glycolate, oxalate, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, D-lactate, ascorbic acid and glutathione levels. Results The GLO-2 KO animals developed normally and there were no changes in 24-h urinary oxalate excretion, liver levels of methylglyoxal, glyoxal, ascorbic acid and glutathione, or plasma d-lactate levels. GLO-2 deficient males had lower plasma glycolate levels than wild type males while this relationship was not observed in females. Conclusions The lack of a unique phenotype in a GLO-2 KO mouse model under baseline conditions is consistent with recent evidence, suggesting a functional glyoxalase pathway is not required for optimal health. A lower plasma glycolate in male GLO-2 KO animals suggests glyoxal production may be a significant contributor to circulating glycolate levels, but not to endogenous oxalate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sonia Fargue
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Anil Kumar Challa
- Department of Genetics University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - William Poore
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - John Knight
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kyle D Wood
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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Fan X, Monnier VM. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) by glycation: Role in lens aging and age-related cataractogenesis. Exp Eye Res 2021; 210:108705. [PMID: 34297945 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Crystallins, the most prevalent lens proteins, have no turnover throughout the entire human lifespan. These long-lived proteins are susceptible to post-synthetic modifications, including oxidation and glycation, which are believed to be some of the primary mechanisms for age-related cataractogenesis. Thanks to high glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) levels as well as low oxygen content, the human lens is able to maintain its transparency for several decades. Aging accumulates substantial changes in the human lens, including a decreased glutathione concentration, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, impaired antioxidative defense capacity, and increased redox-active metal ions, which induce glucose and ascorbic acid degradation and protein glycation. The glycated lens crystallins are either prone to UVA mediated free radical production or they attract metal ion binding, which can trigger additional protein oxidation and modification. This vicious cycle is expected to be exacerbated with older age or diabetic conditions. ASA serves as an antioxidant in the human lens under reducing conditions to protect the human lens from damage, but ASA converts to the pro-oxidative role and causes lens protein damage by ascorbylation in high oxidation or enriched redox-active metal ion conditions. This review is dedicated in honor of Dr. Frank Giblin, a great friend and superb scientist, whose pioneering and relentless work over the past 45 years has provided critical insight into lens redox regulation and glutathione homeostasis during aging and cataractogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjun Fan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
| | - Vincent M Monnier
- Department of Pathology, United States; Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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The Content of Minerals in the PCOS Group and the Correlation with the Parameters of Metabolism. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072214. [PMID: 34203167 PMCID: PMC8308369 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease in women of childbearing age. It is characterized by excessive androgen production, ovulation disorders, and developing metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to check whether selected minerals were related to the pathophysiological mechanisms of PCOS. The concentrations of minerals were determined using an inductively coupled atomic plasma-emission spectrometer (ICP-AES Jobin Yvon JY-24). Blood samples from PCOS and control women were collected, processed, and digested with a microwave system in women with PCOS with and without insulin resistance and in the control group. It was found: zinc (Zn)-10.14 ± 2.11, 9.89 ± 1.44 and 10.30 ± 1.67; nickel (Ni) 0.001 ± 0.0009, 0.001 ± 0.0006 and 0.002 ± 0.00001; iron (Fe) 868.0 ± 155.8, 835.3 ± 156.4 and 833.0 ± 94.6; manganese (Mn) 0.017 ± 0.006, 0.017 ± 0.008 and 0.020 ± 0.009; copper (Cu) 0.714 ± 0.129, 0.713 ± 0.114 and 0.761 ± 0.146; magnesium (Mg) 48.4 ± 8.3, 50.0 ± 8.4 and 45.3 ± 10.7; sodium (Na) 374.3 ± 84.3, 396.3 ± 66.6 and 367.9 ± 88.9; potassium (K) 2541.8 ± 330.9, 2409.6 ± 347.1 and 2336.9 ± 211.4 (µg/g). Some micronutrient deficiencies may have a negative effect on the lipid profile in PCOS patients (Ni, Na). Further studies are needed to better understand dependencies.
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Conibear AC, Farbiarz K, Mayer RL, Matveenko M, Kählig H, Becker CFW. Arginine side-chain modification that occurs during copper-catalysed azide-alkyne click reactions resembles an advanced glycation end product. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6205-11. [PMID: 27282129 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroascorbate is a by-product of copper-catalysed azide-alkyne click (CuAAC) reactions and also forms advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in tissues undergoing oxidative stress. Here we isolate and characterize an arginine-dehydroascorbate adduct formed during CuAAC reactions, investigate strategies for preventing its formation, and propose its biological relevance as an AGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Conibear
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Surface modification of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsids via a copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction and their adhesion behavior with HeLa cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Paletta-Silva R, Vieira-Bernardo R, Cosentino-Gomes D, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Leishmania amazonensis: Inhibition of 3′-nucleotidase activity by Cu2+ ions. Exp Parasitol 2012; 131:63-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Avila F, Friguet B, Silva E. Simultaneous chemical and photochemical protein crosslinking induced by irradiation of eye lens proteins in the presence of ascorbate: the photosensitizing role of an UVA-visible-absorbing decomposition product of vitamin C. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:1351-8. [PMID: 20734005 DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00048e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to light has been implicated as a risk factor during aging of the eye lens and in cataract generation. In order to visualize the actual effect of UVA-visible light on this tissue, we incubated water-soluble eye lens proteins with ascorbate in the presence and absence of UVA-visible light for 3, 6 and 9 days at low oxygen concentration. The samples incubated in the presence of light were characterized by an initially small but continuous increase over time of the protein crosslinking. This was not the result of more extensive glycation because the decrease in amino group content of the proteins and the decomposition of ascorbate was the same in both irradiated and unirradiated samples. The augmented crosslinking capacity observed in the presence of UVA-visible light is due to the generation of a chromophore from the decomposition of ascorbate. This chromophore, obtained after 3, 6 and 9 days of incubation of solutions containing only ascorbate, induces both protein-crosslinking and oxidation after exposure to UVA-visible light in the presence of lens proteins. The extent of the crosslinking was proportional to the amount of the chromophore present in the solution. The presence of this chromophore was also determined when ascorbate was incubated with four-fold higher concentrations of N-α-acetyl lysine and N-α-acetyl arginine. When these samples were used as photosensitizers, the crosslinking degree was conditioned by the presence of this chromophore; nonetheless, the ascorbate-mediated advanced glycation end product (AGE) generation also made a contribution. The results of this work indicate that ascorbate oxidation, which generates the AGEs responsible for the chemical crosslinking of the lens proteins, also simultaneously produces a chromophore that can act as a photosensitizer, further increasing the protein crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Avila
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Correo 22, Santiago de Chile
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Hong V, Presolski S, Ma C, Finn M. Analysis and Optimization of Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition for Bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200905087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hong V, Presolski SI, Ma C, Finn MG. Analysis and optimization of copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition for bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:9879-83. [PMID: 19943299 PMCID: PMC3410708 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200905087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 760] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vu Hong
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1)858-784-8850
| | - Stanislav I. Presolski
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1)858-784-8850
| | - Celia Ma
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1)858-784-8850
| | - M. G. Finn
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1)858-784-8850
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